tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34375592458035751502024-03-13T20:35:39.345-07:00Gönül Dili TürkçeYunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.comBlogger711500tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-58354037446922732542017-12-03T09:28:00.001-08:002017-12-03T11:48:02.743-08:00İsteğe Göre Tasarımlı Kitap Ayraçları, Magnetler, Kartvizitler<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 35.0pt; line-height: 115%;">İ</span></b><b><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "imprint mt shadow"; font-size: 35.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ste</span></b><b><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 35.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ğ</span></b><b><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "imprint mt shadow"; font-size: 35.0pt; line-height: 115%;">e G</span></b><b><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "imprint mt shadow"; font-size: 35.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ö</span></b><b><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "imprint mt shadow"; font-size: 35.0pt; line-height: 115%;">re Tasar</span></b><b><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "imprint mt shadow"; font-size: 35.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ı</span></b><b><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "imprint mt shadow"; font-size: 35.0pt; line-height: 115%;">mlar</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Eğitim- öğretim faaliyeti
içerisinde çeşitli materyallere ihtiyaç duymaktayız. Bu materyallere
ulaşmanın yanı sıra kendi isteklerimiz doğrultusunda tasarım yapma ve bunu
temin etme noktasında zorluklar çekmekteyiz. Bu noktada sizlere hazır
tasarımlarımız üzerinden güncelleme yaparak veya size özel tasarımlar yaparak
hizmet vermekteyiz</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%;">. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #1f497d; font-size: 25.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text2;">Kitap Ayracı</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: red; font-size: 25.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Magnet</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 18pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #92d050; font-size: 25.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Afiş</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 25.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: grey; font-size: 25.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: background1; mso-themeshade: 128;">El İlanı</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 25.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #c0504d; font-size: 25.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: accent2;">Kartvizit</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 25.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #262626; font-size: 25.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themetint: 217;">Sertifika</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 25.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Imprint MT Shadow"; font-size: 15.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "Imprint MT Shadow"; font-size: 15.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Hayal Edin => Tasarlayalım <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Imprint MT Shadow"; font-size: 15.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> Ürün
Elinize Ula</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 15.0pt; line-height: 115%;">şınca Ödeme Yapın</span><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="text-align: start;"><span style="color: #1f497d; font-size: 25pt; line-height: 38.3333px;"> Kitap Ayracı </span></b><br />
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<b><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TZdhFK3guVY/WiQ2BuwzSMI/AAAAAAAAAiM/GpcfyiZi_eocZkhlG6zhJ6v7aFCfDbJDwCPcBGAYYCw/s1600/3.jpg"><span style="color: blue; font-size: 13.5pt;"><v:shapetype coordsize="21600,21600" filled="f" id="_x0000_t75" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f">
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<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> BİRLEŞİK<o:p></o:p></span></td>
<td style="background: #E6EED5; border-left: none; border: solid #B3CC82 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-left-alt: solid #B3CC82 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 5.0cm;" valign="top" width="189"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 1; text-align: justify;">
<b><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6s9vvnzBTik/WiQ2B_qORTI/AAAAAAAAAiY/WQTs3w1_AB8DuL88Ddgd-AhhH14irKxFACPcBGAYYCw/s1600/4.jpg"><span style="color: blue; font-size: 13.5pt;"><v:shape alt="Açıklama: https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6s9vvnzBTik/WiQ2B_qORTI/AAAAAAAAAiY/WQTs3w1_AB8DuL88Ddgd-AhhH14irKxFACPcBGAYYCw/s200/4.jpg" href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6s9vvnzBTik/WiQ2B_qORTI/AAAAAAAAAiY/WQTs3w1_AB8DuL88Ddgd-AhhH14irKxFACPcBGAYYCw/s1600/4.jpg" id="Resim_x0020_2" o:button="t" o:spid="_x0000_i1029" style="height: 150pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 112.5pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
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<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-3hdrl_K298c/WiQ2CukL4PI/AAAAAAAAAiM/LxJjHC8D3Q4r7rk90U5mUI6BLmrnMnwMwCPcBGAYYCw/s1600/7.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="720" height="200" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-3hdrl_K298c/WiQ2CukL4PI/AAAAAAAAAiM/LxJjHC8D3Q4r7rk90U5mUI6BLmrnMnwMwCPcBGAYYCw/s200/7.jpg" width="150" /></a></div>
KİMLİK<o:p></o:p></td>
<td style="background: #CDDDAC; border-bottom: solid #B3CC82 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #B3CC82 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 127; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-bottom-themetint: 191; mso-border-left-alt: solid #B3CC82 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #B3CC82 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 5.0cm;" valign="top" width="189"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4pXe9oZuhxg/WiQ2BN1tBSI/AAAAAAAAAiM/5E-IFaBWSeEJkcRixNGBupT4CYE7VrjSQCPcBGAYYCw/s1600/1.jpg"><span style="color: blue; font-size: 13.5pt;"><v:shape alt="Açıklama: https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4pXe9oZuhxg/WiQ2BN1tBSI/AAAAAAAAAiM/5E-IFaBWSeEJkcRixNGBupT4CYE7VrjSQCPcBGAYYCw/s200/1.jpg" href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4pXe9oZuhxg/WiQ2BN1tBSI/AAAAAAAAAiM/5E-IFaBWSeEJkcRixNGBupT4CYE7VrjSQCPcBGAYYCw/s1600/1.jpg" id="Resim_x0020_5" o:button="t" o:spid="_x0000_i1027" style="height: 150pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 112.5pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="1" src="file:///C:\Users\samsung-\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image004.jpg">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span></a><b><span style="font-size: 18pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4pXe9oZuhxg/WiQ2BN1tBSI/AAAAAAAAAiM/5E-IFaBWSeEJkcRixNGBupT4CYE7VrjSQCPcBGAYYCw/s1600/1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="720" height="200" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4pXe9oZuhxg/WiQ2BN1tBSI/AAAAAAAAAiM/5E-IFaBWSeEJkcRixNGBupT4CYE7VrjSQCPcBGAYYCw/s200/1.jpg" width="150" /></a></b></div>
<b> TÜRKÇESİ VAR<o:p></o:p></b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #E6EED5; border-top: none; border: solid #B3CC82 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #B3CC82 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 154.25pt;" valign="top" width="206"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify;">
<b><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-pPvknpPunRc/WiQ2BlqS5cI/AAAAAAAAAiM/3DSc8OdqA-ID1ih4ApS8Fj2VRAsrS-0JACPcBGAYYCw/s1600/2.jpg"><span style="color: blue; font-size: 13.5pt;"><v:shape alt="Açıklama: https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-pPvknpPunRc/WiQ2BlqS5cI/AAAAAAAAAiM/3DSc8OdqA-ID1ih4ApS8Fj2VRAsrS-0JACPcBGAYYCw/s200/2.jpg" href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-pPvknpPunRc/WiQ2BlqS5cI/AAAAAAAAAiM/3DSc8OdqA-ID1ih4ApS8Fj2VRAsrS-0JACPcBGAYYCw/s1600/2.jpg" id="Resim_x0020_6" o:button="t" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" style="height: 150pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 112.5pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="2" src="file:///C:\Users\samsung-\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image005.jpg">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span></a></b><span style="font-size: 18pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-pPvknpPunRc/WiQ2BlqS5cI/AAAAAAAAAiM/3DSc8OdqA-ID1ih4ApS8Fj2VRAsrS-0JACPcBGAYYCw/s1600/2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="720" height="200" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-pPvknpPunRc/WiQ2BlqS5cI/AAAAAAAAAiM/3DSc8OdqA-ID1ih4ApS8Fj2VRAsrS-0JACPcBGAYYCw/s200/2.jpg" width="150" /></a></div>
BAĞLAÇLAR<o:p></o:p></td>
<td style="background: #E6EED5; border-bottom: solid #B3CC82 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #B3CC82 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-bottom-themetint: 191; mso-border-left-alt: solid #B3CC82 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #B3CC82 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 5.0cm;" valign="top" width="189"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: -67.25pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify; text-indent: 67.25pt;">
<a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-wlIpcjNmE04/WiQ2CgseZgI/AAAAAAAAAiM/B53FhLCWdNwygk-55PhBcz-Gnfg87xuWwCPcBGAYYCw/s1600/5.jpg"><span style="color: blue; font-size: 13.5pt;"><v:shape alt="Açıklama: https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-wlIpcjNmE04/WiQ2CgseZgI/AAAAAAAAAiM/B53FhLCWdNwygk-55PhBcz-Gnfg87xuWwCPcBGAYYCw/s200/5.jpg" href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-wlIpcjNmE04/WiQ2CgseZgI/AAAAAAAAAiM/B53FhLCWdNwygk-55PhBcz-Gnfg87xuWwCPcBGAYYCw/s1600/5.jpg" id="Resim_x0020_7" o:button="t" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" style="height: 150pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 112.5pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="5" src="file:///C:\Users\samsung-\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image006.jpg">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span></a><b><span style="font-size: 18pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: -67.25pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify; text-indent: 67.25pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-wlIpcjNmE04/WiQ2CgseZgI/AAAAAAAAAiM/B53FhLCWdNwygk-55PhBcz-Gnfg87xuWwCPcBGAYYCw/s1600/5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="720" height="200" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-wlIpcjNmE04/WiQ2CgseZgI/AAAAAAAAAiM/B53FhLCWdNwygk-55PhBcz-Gnfg87xuWwCPcBGAYYCw/s200/5.jpg" width="150" /></a></b></div>
<b> TÜRKÇE<o:p></o:p></b><br />
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<b style="text-align: start;"><span style="color: #1f497d; font-size: 25pt; line-height: 38.3333px;"><br /></span></b></div>
<table align="left" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableMediumGrid1Accent2" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 4.8pt; margin-right: 4.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-table-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-table-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-table-left: 59.1pt; mso-table-lspace: 7.05pt; mso-table-rspace: 7.05pt; mso-table-top: 25.05pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 466px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 23.6pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: -1;">
<td style="background: #EFD3D2; border: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; height: 23.6pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 76.3pt;" valign="top" width="102"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: -5.4pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 5; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #EFD3D2; border-left: none; border: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; height: 23.6pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; mso-border-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 273.25pt;" valign="top" width="364"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 1; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<table align="left" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableMediumGrid1Accent2" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 4.8pt; margin-right: 4.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-table-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-table-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-table-left: 59.1pt; mso-table-lspace: 7.05pt; mso-table-rspace: 7.05pt; mso-table-top: 25.05pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 417px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 23.3pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: -1;">
<td style="background: #EFD3D2; border: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; height: 23.3pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 55.05pt;" valign="top" width="73">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: -5.4pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 5; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #EFD3D2; border-left: none; border: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; height: 23.3pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; mso-border-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 257.4pt;" valign="top" width="343">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 1; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: red; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 20.0pt;">Ücret Tarifesi</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 20.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 23.3pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background: #DFA7A6; border-top: none; border: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; height: 23.3pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 127; mso-border-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 55.05pt;" width="73">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: center; text-indent: -26.7pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">50 Adet<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #DFA7A6; border-bottom: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.3pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 127; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-bottom-themetint: 191; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-right-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 257.4pt;" valign="top" width="343">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 20.0pt;">50 Türk Lirası<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 23.3pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="background: #EFD3D2; border-top: none; border: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; height: 23.3pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 55.05pt;" width="73">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">100 Adet<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #EFD3D2; border-bottom: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.3pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-bottom-themetint: 191; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-right-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 257.4pt;" valign="top" width="343">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 20.0pt;">70 Türk Lirası<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 23.3pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="background: #DFA7A6; border-top: none; border: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; height: 23.3pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 127; mso-border-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 55.05pt;" width="73">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">250 Adet<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #DFA7A6; border-bottom: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.3pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 127; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-bottom-themetint: 191; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-right-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 257.4pt;" valign="top" width="343">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 20.0pt;">110 Türk Lirası<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 23.3pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="background: #EFD3D2; border-top: none; border: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; height: 23.3pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 55.05pt;" width="73">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">100 Adet<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<td style="background: #EFD3D2; border-bottom: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.3pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-bottom-themetint: 191; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-right-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 257.4pt;" valign="top" width="343">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 20.0pt;">150 Türk Lirası<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 103.65pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="background: #DFA7A6; border-top: none; border: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; height: 103.65pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 127; mso-border-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 55.05pt;" width="73">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Not: <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<td style="background: #DFA7A6; border-bottom: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 103.65pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 127; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-bottom-themetint: 191; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-right-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 257.4pt;" valign="top" width="343">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64;">
<u><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Baskı Özellikleri<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Baskı Türü : Ekonomik
Matbaa<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Kağıt Adı : 350
gr. Mat Kuşe<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ebat (cm) : 16,8x5,2
cm<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ön Renk : Ön
Renkli<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Arka Renk : Arka
Renkli<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Selefon : Parlak
Selefonlu<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Kesim
: Düz Kesim<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Kargo Teslim : 4
İş Günü</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 20.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 25.1pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background: #EFD3D2; border-top: none; border: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; height: 25.1pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 55.05pt;" width="73">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
Not1:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #EFD3D2; border-bottom: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 25.1pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-bottom-themetint: 191; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-right-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CF7B79 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 257.4pt;" valign="top" width="343">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 7.05pt; mso-element-left: 59.15pt; mso-element-top: 25.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
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<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt;">Özel
Tasarımlarda ekstra 50 Türk Lirası tasarım ücreti alınır.</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</tbody></table>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-39618314943514212552017-11-30T08:45:00.001-08:002017-11-30T08:51:12.290-08:00“Türki” Kavramının “Türk” Kavramı ile İlişkisi ve Yeniden Tanımlanması (Yrd.Doç.Dr. Gökçe Yükselen PELER)<div class="post-header" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Droid Sans"; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iZ4w9d2VD78/WiA263-G1DI/AAAAAAAAAhQ/pJSMW7QKFncRbk1lOumuu3jGhfOUhjaHQCLcBGAs/s1600/538457430.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="254" data-original-width="454" height="358" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iZ4w9d2VD78/WiA263-G1DI/AAAAAAAAAhQ/pJSMW7QKFncRbk1lOumuu3jGhfOUhjaHQCLcBGAs/s640/538457430.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #444444; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; padding: 0cm;">Daha 11. Yüzyıl’da sınırları Kaşgarlı
Mahmud tarafından açık bir şekilde ortaya konulmuş olmasına rağmen, “Türk”
kavramının neleri kapsayıp neleri kapsamadığı yaklaşık olarak iki asırdır
tartışma konusudur. Bu iki asırlık süreç sonucunda “Türk” kavramının henüz
tebellür etmediğini söylemek yanlış olmayacaktır. Şüphesiz bu kavramın bu kadar
bulanmasında Osmanlı devrinde gerek Osmanlı vatandaşlarının kimlik
algılamasının gerekse Avrupalıların öteki olarak “Türk” kavramını tanımlamaları
ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. İmparatorluk sınırları içerisinde milliyetçilik
akımlarının etkili bir şekilde hissedilmesine kadar olan süreçte Araplar
dışındaki Osmanlı Müslümanları “Türk” olarak tanımlanmış ve bu Müslümanlar da
kendilerini büyük oranda “Türk” olarak algılamışlardır<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ftnref1"></a><a href="http://bilimdili.com/toplum/dil/turki-kavraminin-turk-kavrami-ile-iliskisi-yeniden-tanimlanmasi-yrd-doc-dr-gokce-yukselen-peler/#_ftn1"><span style="color: #fc6400;">[1]</span></a>.
Bu yüzden de günümüzde çok miktarda Türk kanı barındıran ancak Slavca konuşan
Boşnaklar Türklüğe büyük bir muhabbet besledikleri gibi Hristiyan milletler ve
bilhassa Sırplar tarafından Türk olarak görülmektedirler. Öte taraftan belki
Boşnaklardan daha fazla Türk kanı taşıyan Bulgarlar ve Macarlar, bu Türk
tanımının ve algısının dışında olmuştur. Ayrıca Fransızcada <i>Grand Turc</i> ‘Büyük
Türk’ kavramının “Osmanlı Türkü”, <i>Petit Turc</i> ‘Küçük Türk’
kavramının ise “diğer Müslümanlar” anlamına geldiği unutulmamalıdır. Bu kavram
kargaşasının bir uzantısı olarak cumhuriyetin ilanından sonra biri hukuki olan
biri de Türkolojik olan iki “Türk” tanımlaması ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunlara bir de
halkın “dini dinime dil dilime uyan” şeklindeki algısı da eklenince kargaşanın
boyutu artmıştır.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "Glegoo","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #444444; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; padding: 0cm;">Hukuki tanımlamaya göre Türkiye
Cumhuriyeti vatandaşları “Türk” olarak tanımlanmıştır. Ancak bu tanımlamanın
halk vicdanında tam anlamıyla hiçbir zaman karşılık bulmadığını belirtmekte
fayda var. Elbette bu durum çeşitli sebeplerin bir soncudur. Her şeyden önce
yeni kurulan devlet sınırları içerisinde “Türk” olarak tanımlanan ahalinin azımsanamayacak
bir kısmı muhacir olarak Rumeli’nden ve Kafkasya’dan gelmişti ve bu insanların
bir kısmının (Arnavutlar, Boşnaklar, Gürcüler, Çerkezler vs.) Rumeli’nde ve
Kafkasya’da artık “Türk” olarak tanımlanmayan kalabalık uzantıları hâlâ
mevcuttu. Hatta Arnavutluk ve Gürcistan örneklerinde olduğu gibi “titüler”
devletleri de mevcuttu. Diğer taraftan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti sınırları içerisinde
ev dili ve bazıları tarafından anadili olarak Türkçe konuşulmayan bazı
topluluklar bu hukuki sıfatı kabullenmekte zorlandılar veya asla
kabullenmediler. Bu ret üzerine bina edilen birtakım siyasi yapılanmalar ve
terör faaliyetleri neticesinde, toplumun hukuki “Türk” tanımlaması ile bir
sorunu olmayan kesimlerde reddiyeci kesimlere karşı bir tepki ve önyargının
oluşmuştur. Bu hukuki tanımlamanın halk vicdanında bir makes bulamamasının bir
diğer mühim sebebi şüphesiz yeni cumhuriyet sınırları dışında kalan ırken ve
lisanen Türk olan büyük topluluklardır. Bu toplulukların bir kısım fertleri ile
daha evvel sonradan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti sınırları içerisinde kalacak topraklara
göç eden toplulukların fertleri ile doğrudan akrabalık bağları bulunmakta idi.
Bu akrabaların bir kısmı hukuken “Türk” olurken bir kısmı “Yunanistan
Müslümanı”, “Bulgaristan Müslümanı” veyahut Kıbrıslı Müslüman” olmuşlardı.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "Glegoo","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #444444; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; padding: 0cm;">Türkolojik olarak “Türk” tanımı aşağı
yukarı Kaşgarlı’nın 11. Yüzyıl’daki Türk tanımı ile örtüşmüştür. Günümüzde
Türkçenin herhangi bir lehçe veya ağzını konuşan ya da geçmişte Türkçenin
herhangi bir lehçe veya ağzını konuştuğu bilinen veya tahmin edilen herkes bu
tanıma göre “Türk” olarak tanımlanmıştır. Yani geçmişte Hunlar,
Göktürkler, Uygurlar, Karahanlılar, Gazneliler, Altınordu vs. Selçuklular ve
Osmanlılar gibi Türk idiler. Günümüzde ise Kazaklar, Kırgızlar, Özbekler,
Uygurlar, tatarlar, Başkurtlar, Yakutlar, Çuvaşlar vs. Türk’türler. Yani
kabataslak olarak Türkolojik tanıma göre “Türk” kavramı “Türkçe konuşanlar”
şeklinde açıklanabilir. Daha önce de zikredildiği gibi aslında Kaşgarlı’nın 11.
Yüzyıl’da ortaya koyduğu “Türk” kavramı ile son derece uyumlu olan bu
Türkolojik tanım, günümüzde kavramın anlamı ile ilgili olarak var olan anlam
kargaşasına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Her şeyden önce, hukuki “Türk” tanımlaması
ile kısmen örtüşmemektedir. Türkolojik tanım, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti sınırları
içerisinde hukuken “Türk” olarak tanımlanan bazı toplulukları kapsamazken,
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti sınırları dışındaki hukuken “Türk” olmayan mesela,
Kazakları, Kırgızları, Azerbaycanlıları vs. kapsamaktadır. Bu duruma rağmen,
zaman zaman, Türkolojik çalışmaların resmî ideolojinin etkisinde kalarak
Türkolojik “Türk” tanımlamasına girmeyen bazı halkların Türk olduğunu
ispatlanmak için kullanıldığını ifade etmek de gerekir.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "Glegoo","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #444444; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; padding: 0cm;">Bazı Batı dillerinde ve Rusçada Türkiye
Türkleri (aslında belki de Osmanlı Türkleri) ile diğer Türkleri birbirinden
ayırt etmek üzere aynı kökten gelen iki farklı terim kullanılmaktadır. Rusçada
Türkiye Türkleri için “турецкий”<i>turetskiy</i> tabiri kullanılırken
diğer Türkler için “тюркский” <i>tyurkskiy</i> tabiri
kullanılmaktadır. İngilizcede ise bu kavramlar sırasıyla “Turkish” ve “Turkic”
şeklinde karşılanmaktadır. Aslında Türkiye Türkleri dışındaki Türkler için
kullanılan terimin kökeni irdelendiğinde bu ayırımın anlamsızlığı ortaya
çıkmaktadır. Zira bu terim, kendilerini “Türk” olarak tanımlayan “Göktürklerden
inen” anlamında kullanılmaktadır. “Türk” kelimesinin de ilk kez Göktürkler
tarafından kullanıldığı ve onlardan sonra Türkçe konuşan bütün halkların ortak
adı hâline geldiği düşünüldüğünde iki terimle yaratılmaya çalışılan ayırımın
suni olduğu ve sadece bilimlik endişe taşımadığı intibaını güçlendirmektedir.
Nitekim başlarda İngilizcede bu terim çok yoğun bir şekilde kullanılmazken
yetmişli yılların ikinci yarısından itibaren, yani Sovyetler Birliği zayıflama
sinyalleri vermeye başladıktan sonra, yoğun bir şekilde kullanılmaya
başlanmasının tek açıklaması siyasi sebepler olabilir. Böyle bir ayırımın
Almanca başta olmak üzere birçok Batı dilinde hâlâ bulunmadığını belirtmek,
terimin suniliğini ve yeniliğini ortaya koymak açısından önem arz etmektedir.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "Glegoo","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #444444; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; padding: 0cm;">Bu suniliğe karşın, terim Türkiye
Türkçesinde de “Türki” şeklinde yer edinmiştir. Kelime daha önceden bazı Türk
lehçelerine “Türkiy” veya “Türki” şeklinde yerleşmiştir. Bu Türk lehçelerindeki
kullanım resmî ideolojinin bir gereği olarak Rusçadan tercüme olarak
dayatılmıştır. Türkiye Türkçesindeki “Türki”nin yerleşmesinde Türk
lehçelerindeki kullanımdan mülhem mi olduğu yoksa İngilizceden mi tercüme
olduğu bilinmemekle birlikte, Türkiye’de resmî olarak hiçbir zaman
kabullenilmemesine rağmen, bazı aydınlar ve basın-yayın organları tarafından
kullanılması sebebiyle dile yerleşmiştir. Kelimenin sonundaki “-i” sesinin
“nispet i’si” olarak bilinen eke ve kelimenin “Türkçe” anlamındaki “Türki”
kelimesi ile ayniyet derecesinde benzeşmesi terimin yerleşmesinde kolaylık
sağlamıştır. Türklük bilimciler tarafından umumiyetle kabul görmeyen bu kelime,
kullanıcıları tarafından “Türk’e ait” olarak açıklanmaktadır. Kelime bu
manasıyla zaten “Türkî > türkü (Türk’e ait şarkı)” kelimesinde Türkçede
mevcuttur. Bu açıklama bile kelimenin gereksizliğini ortaya koymaktadır
aslında. Zira Türk’e ait olan bir topluluk “Türk” olur zaten.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "Glegoo","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #444444; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; padding: 0cm;">Bütün gereksizliğine rağmen, yukarıda da
belirtildiği üzere bu kelime artık Türkçeye yerleşmiştir. Bu durumda yarattığı
kavram kargaşasını ortadan kaldırmak gerekmektedir. Bu da kelimeye kargaşaya
sebep olmayacak belirgin bir anlam yüklemekle mümkün olur. Böyle bir girişim,
anlam ve kavram kargaşası yaratan, yani Türkçeyi yaralayan bir kelimeyi
terimleştirerek Türkçeye güç katacaktır. Kelimenin sonundaki “–i” sesi “turşu
< turşî (ekşi gibi)”, “turuncu < turuncî (turunç gibi)” kelimelerinde
olduğu gibi yorumlanırsa ortaya “Türk gibi” yani “Türkümsü” gibi bir anlam
ortaya çıkmaktadır. Böyle bir anlamın en az Türkiye Türkleri kadar Göktürklerle
bağlantılı olan, yani en az Türkiye Türkleri kadar “Türk” olan diğer Türk
kavimleri için kullanılamayacağı açıktır. Bu kelime, kültürleri Türk kültürünün
etkisi altında gelişmiş veya yaşam tarzları, kültürleri Türklerinkine çok
benzeyen halkları tasnif etmek için kullanılabilir pekâlâ. Günümüzde bütün
Avrasya coğrafyasında, hatta Afrika ve Amerika’da, böyle halklar mevcuttur ve
bu halkları tasnif edecek bir terim yoktur. Böyle bir anlamlandırma Türkçeye
önemli bir sosyokültürel terim kazandıracağı gibi büyük bir boşluğu da
dolduracaktır.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "Glegoo","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #444444; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; padding: 0cm;">“Türki” kelimesi, “Türk’e benzeyen”
şeklinde kavramlaştırıldığı takdirde, bütün Balkan halklarını, Türk olmayan
Kafkasyalıları, Türk olmayan Sibiryalıları, Türklerle iç içe yaşayan İrani
halkları, Pakistanlıları vs. ortak hususiyetlere binaen tasnif etmeyi mümkün
kılacaktır. Bütün bu zikredilen halklar, gerek yaşam tarzları gerekse
kültürlerinin bazı yönleri bakımından, az veya çok, şu veya bu Türk halkı ile
benzeşmektedirler ve bu durumu tanımlayacak bir kavram günümüzde mevcut değildir.
Bu sayılan halkların durumuna söz konusu bağlamda kısaca bakmakta fayda var.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "Glegoo","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #444444; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; padding: 0cm;">Çeşitli Balkan halkları, Türklere
yakınlıkları veya Türk idaresinde kalmış oldukları sürenin uzunluğuna koşut
olarak kültürel olarak Türklere benzemişlerdir. Bu birlikteliği ve hâkimiyeti
sadece Osmanlı dönemi ile ilgili olarak düşünmek, konuyu hatalı tahlil etmeye
sebep olacaktır. Hun devrinden itibaren Karadeniz’in kuzeyinden gelen pek çok
Türk halkı Balkanları hâkimiyeti altına almış veya oraya yerleşmiştir. Beş
asırdan fazla süren Osmanlı hâkimiyeti ise çok uzun bir zaman dilimine yayılan
bir önceki süreci pekiştirmiş ve bugünkü durumu ortaya çıkarmıştır. Arnavutlar,
Boşnaklar, Pomaklar, Goralılar, Torbejler vs. gibi halklar konuştukları diller
hariç her bakımdan Türkiye Türkleri ile ortak bir kültür ve yaşam tarzına
sahiptirler. Bu halkların bazıları tarihî süreçte Türklüğe yaklaşırken bazıları
Türklükten uzaklaşmışlardır. Yani her hâlükârda ortak yaşamın bir sonucunda
ortaya çıkmışlardır. Bugünkü ortak noktaları Türk gibi yaşamaktır. Balkanların
diğer halkları da dile ilaveten din bakımından da Türkiye Türklerinden
ayrılmakla birlikte, giyim kuşamları, mutfak kültürleri, dünyaya bakışları yani
yaşam tarzları bakımından Türkiye Türklerine benzemektedirler. Bu durumda Balkanlarda
“Türkilik” aşamalı bir sosyolojik gerçek olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "Glegoo","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #444444; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; padding: 0cm;">Kafkasya’da büyüklü küçüklü birçok halk,
Türkçe dışında diller konuşmalarına rağmen, yaşam tarzı ve kültürleri
bakımından Türklere oldukça benzemektedirler. Örnek olarak Kafkas halklarının
en kalabalıklarından olan Gürcüler ele alınabilir. Türkiye’de yaşayan
Gürcülerin büyük çoğunluğunun Türkleşme süreci tamamlanmış, tamamlanmayalar ise
dilleri dışında, yani sosyolojik olarak Türk hâline gelmiştir. Bu durum
Türkiye’deki diğer Kafkas halkları için de geçerlidir. Sınırın Gürcistan
tarafında daha ilginç bir durum ortaya çıkmıştır. Batum bölgesinde, Müslüman
Türklerle Müslüman Gürcüler kaynaşarak çoğunlukla Gürcüce konuşan ama onun
dışında her yönden Türklere benzeyen bir topluluğu ortaya çıkarmışlardır.
İçerisinde Türk unsurlar da bulunduğu için kısaca “Müslüman Gürcüler” olarak
nitelendirilemeyecek bu halk, umumiyetle Gürcüce konuşmaları ve içerisindeki
Gürcü unsurlar sebebiyle de Türk olarak nitelendirilememektedir. Günümüzde, sosyolojik
olarak bu halk, dil kaybı sebebiyle Türklükten uzaklaşan unsurlarla din
değiştirip kültürel etki altında kalarak Türklüğe yaklaşan unsurların
kaynaşmasından meydana gelen “Türki” bir topluluktur. Gürcülerin esas kitlesi
de, gerek Kıpçaklar başta olmak üzere içlerinde eriyen birçok Türk boyu
sebebiyle olsun, gerekse Azerbaycanlılarla yüzyıllar boyunca sürdürdükleri
ortakyaşar durum sebebiyle olsun, Türk kültüründen oldukça fazla etkilenen bir
halktır. Yani onlar da “Türki”dir. Türkiye Türkleri ile Gürcüler arasındakine
benzer bir durum Azerbaycanlılar ile Dağıstan halkları arasında da mevcuttur.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "Glegoo","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #444444; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; padding: 0cm;">Sibirya’da Türk halkları ile
Paleo-Sibiryalılar, Yeniseyliler, Samoyetler, Moğollar ve Tunguzlar arasında da
Balkanlar ve Kafkasya ile koşut bir durum mevcuttur. Bütün Sibirya halkları
konuştukları dil haricinde ortak bir yaşam tarzına sahiptirler. Burada etki
altında kalanın Türk halkları olabileceği ihtimali akla gelebilir. Ancak hem
tarihî bilgiler hem de sosyolengüistik gerçekler bu ihtimali ortadan kaldırmaktadır.
Bilinen tarih içerisinde bölge hep Türk devletlerinin hâkimiyeti altında
olmuştur. Yani Sibirya’da Ruslar gelene kadar hâkim kültür Türk kültürü
olmuştur. Sahadan derlenen dil verileri de bunu doğrular niteliktedir. Geçmişte
Samoyetçe konuştuğu bilinen bazı halklar, bilinen tarih içerisinde Hakaslar ve
Tuvalılar arasında Türkçe konuşur hâle gelmişledir. Bazı Nganasan Samoyetleri
ve Tunguzlar, Yakutların etkisiyle Türkçe konuşmaya başlamışlar ve günümüzdeki
Dolgan Türklerini meydana getirmişlerdir. Yakut kültürü bölgede o kadar
etkilidir ki Yakutyan adını alan birtakım Ruslar dilleri ve dinleri dışındaki
her şeyi bırakarak Yakut hayat tarzını benimsemişlerdir. İşte zikredilen bütün
bu halklar ve benzerleri sosyolojik olarak “Türki” olmuşlardır.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "Glegoo","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #444444; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; padding: 0cm;">Şüphesiz bu örneklerin sayısını artırmak
mümkündür ancak son olarak Pakistanlılara değinilecektir. Pakistanlılar,
Bangladeşliler ve diğer Hint Müslümanları ile birlikte, Türklerle Hintlilerin
uzun bir teması neticesinde ortaya çıkmıştır. Balkanlardaki duruma benzer bir
şekilde, Akhunlar başta olmak üzere Hint Altkıtasının kuzey bölgelerine
yüzyıllarca birçok Türk boyu göç etmiş veya orayı hâkimiyeti altına almıştır.
Bu süreç üzerine Gaznelilerle başlayıp Delhi Türk Sultanlığı ve Babürlü Devleti
ile devam eden fasılalarla da olsa neredeyse bin yıl süren bir Türk-İslam
hâkimiyeti olmuş ve bunların sonucunda ortaya Hint Müslümanları çıkmıştır.
Güney bölgelerinde Arap Denizi üzerinden gelen Arap tüccarların etkisi de
olmakla birlikte bilhassa kuzey ve orta kesimlerde ortaya çıkan Müslüman halk
doğrudan doğruya Türk kültürünün etkisi altında gelişmiştir. Bu sebeple
Pakistanlılar ve Bangladeşliler başta olmak üzere Hint Müslümanlarını da
“Türki” sınıfına dâhil etmek gerekir.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "Glegoo","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #444444; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; padding: 0cm;">Görüleceği üzere bütün Türk coğrafyasında
ve çevresinde, gerek kültürel etki altında kalıp Türklüğe yaklaşma suretinde
olsun, gerekse kültürel etki altında kalıp dil kaybı başta olmak üzere
Türklükten uzaklaşmak suretinde olsun, Türklere benzeyen, Türkler gibi yaşayan
halklar ortaya çıkmıştır ve bu hakları tasnif etmek için “Türki” kelimesi çok
güzel bir terim olabilir. Yalnız burada unutulmaması gereken bir durum var.
Kimlik ve milliyet gibi konular sosyolojik olgular olmaları sebebiyle ferdî
kabule dayalıdırlar. Yani “Türki” olarak tasnif edilecek gruplar içerisinde
kendilerini “Türk” kabul eden fertler her zaman olabilir. Yine sosyolojik bir
süreç olarak toplumların değişimi devam ettiğinden, günümüzde “Türki” olan bazı
topluluklar Türkleşebilecekleri gibi tamamen Türklük dairesi dışına da çıkabilirler.
Mesela Yunanistan’da yaşayan Pomakların çok büyük kısmı kendilerini Türk
addederken Bulgaristan’dakiler içerisinde kendilerini Müslüman Slav
addedenlerin oranı çok daha fazladır. Güzel bir örneği de Bulgar milleti teşkil
etmektedir. Geçmişte Türk oldukları kesin olarak bilinen Bulgarlar, Slavlarla
karışmaları sonucunda Türklükten uzaklaşmışlar ancak uzun Osmanlı hâkimiyetinde
yeniden kültürel olarak Türklüğe yaklaşarak “Türki” olmuşlardır.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "Glegoo","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #444444; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; padding: 0cm;">Sonuç olarak, hangi yolla girmiş olursa
olsun, Türkçede günümüzde bir “Türki” kelimesi mevcuttur. Günümüzdeki anlamı
itibarıyla bir kavram kargaşasına sebep olduğu gibi, Türklük bilimciler başta
olmak üzere, aydınların ve bilim adamlarının büyük bir çoğunluğu tarafından
doğru bulunmayıp hoş karşılanmamaktadır. Diğer taraftan, Avrasya coğrafyasında
kültürleri ve hayat tarzlarının çeşitli yönleriyle Türklere benzeyen birçok
halk mevcuttur ve bu halkları ortak bir şekilde tasnif edecek bir terim
günümüzde mevcut değil. “Türki” kelimesi terim olarak bu manada tebellür ettirildiği
takdirde, nahoş bir durum ortadan kaldırılacağı gibi, Türkçe önemli bir boşluğu
dolduracak sosyokültürel bir terim kazanacaktır. Kelimenin kavram alanı da
böyle bir anlamlandırmaya müsaittir.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "Glegoo","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ftn1"></a><a href="http://bilimdili.com/toplum/dil/turki-kavraminin-turk-kavrami-ile-iliskisi-yeniden-tanimlanmasi-yrd-doc-dr-gokce-yukselen-peler/#_ftnref1"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #fc6400; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; padding: 0cm;">[1]</span></a><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #444444; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; padding: 0cm;"> “Türk olmak” deyiminin yüzyıllarca Avrupa’da
“Müslüman olmak” anlamında kullanıldığı unutulmamalıdır. Arnavutlar
arasında “Türklüğün şartı beş” şeklindeki ifadeler yahut yine bir Arnavut’un
Türkçe diye Kuran’dan ayetler okuması bu meyanda sayılabilecek
ilginçliklerdendir.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "Glegoo","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-58001721673087006832017-11-27T11:26:00.000-08:002017-11-27T11:26:18.228-08:00Allah - Tanrı Tartışması (Prof. Dr. Ahmet Bican Ercilasun)<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4zffebMV7hk/WhxmmQNFbWI/AAAAAAAAAg0/LGIP4aLGHCMs79RdEacmMU_xjf-n6sSJgCLcBGAs/s1600/dua-gok-tanri.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="487" data-original-width="752" height="414" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4zffebMV7hk/WhxmmQNFbWI/AAAAAAAAAg0/LGIP4aLGHCMs79RdEacmMU_xjf-n6sSJgCLcBGAs/s640/dua-gok-tanri.png" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Allah kelimesi Müslümanlıktan önce var mıydı? </span></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kışlalardaki yemek duasında gelenekleşmiş olarak söylenen “Tanrı’mıza hamd olsun!” yerine “Allah’ımıza hamd olsun!” cümlesinin getirilmesi, yani Tanrı sözünün kışlalardaki yemek duasından kaldırılması “Allah yerine Tanrı kullanılabilir mi?” sorusunu yeniden gündeme getirdi.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Önce Allah kelimesine bakalım.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Allah kelimesi, Müslümanlıktan önce de vardı. Bunun en açık delili, peygamberimizin babasının adının Abdullah olmasıdır. Bilindiği gibi Abdullah, “Allah’ın kulu” demektir. Ancak Hz. Muhammed’in babası Abdullah, Müslüman değildi; daha peygamberimiz doğmadan vefat etmişti.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Son dönem İslam bilginlerinden Bekir Topaloğlu da, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi’ne yazdığı Allah maddesinde kelimenin Müslümanlıktan önce var olduğunu belirtmiştir:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">“İslâm öncesi Araplar’ı bazı dualarında, deyim, atasözü ve özellikle şiirlerinde Allah kelimesini oldukça fazla kullanmışlardır.” (C. 2, s. 473).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Öyleyse Abdullah adının içinde bulunan ve Müslümanlık ortaya çıkmadan önce de Araplarda kullanılan “Allah” kelimesinin anlamı nedir?</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Yine Bekir Topaloğlu, Allah kelimesinin, “İslâm öncesi Arap dili ve edebiyatında ‘ilâh, tanrı’ anlamında kullanılmış” olduğunu söyler ve 30 civarında etimoloji görüşü arasında, kelimenin “Arapça asıllı ilâh lâfzından türemiş olduğu kanaatı”nın ağır bastığını da ekler (C. 2, s. 471).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Topaloğlu, putperest Kureyşlilerin Allah sözünü kullandıklarını Kur’an’dan da tanıklar. İslam öncesi Araplarının “muhtelif kabilelere ait olmak üzere sayısı yüzlerle ifade edilen putların üstünde bir yüce tanrının bulunduğu inancını taşıdıkları da anlaşılmaktadır.” dedikten sonra Topaloğlu, Kur’an’ın da bunu haber verdiğine, ayrıca bu putperest Arapların Allah adına yemin ettiklerine, sıkıntılı ve tehlikeli zamanlarda Allah’a sığındıklarına dair ayetlerin numaralarını verir (C. 2, s. 473).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Onun gösterdiği ayetlerden ikisine Hüseyin Atay’ın mealinden bakalım:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ankebût suresinin (29), 61. ayetinden:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">“Andolsun ki onlara: ‘Gökleri ve yeri yaratan, güneşi ve ayı buyruğu altında tutan kimdir?’ diye sorsan şüphesiz ‘Allah’tır’ derler.”</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Nahl suresinin (16), 38. ayetinden:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">“Ölen kimseyi Allah’ın diriltemeyeceği üzerine bütün güçleriyle Allah’a yemin ettiler.”</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Son olarak Allah kelimesinin “ilah” lafzından nasıl türediğine dair etimolojik görüşü<a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;">[1]</a> de yine Bekir Topaloğlu’ndan aktaralım:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">“İlâh kelimesinden türemiş olup başına harf-i ta’rif getirilmiş, bir taraftan el-ilâh şeklinde dildeki yerini almışken diğer taraftan kullanım sırasında dile kolaylık sağlamak maksadıyla asıl kelimenin hemzesi kaldırılmış, lâmlar birleştirilmiş (idgam) ve azamet ifade eden kalın bir ses verilerek Allah tarzında okunmuştur.” (C. 2, s. 471).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Kutadgu Bilig’de ve Hüsrev ü Şîrîn’de besmele</span></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Eski Türklerde, “Allah mı kullanalım, Tanrı mı kullanalım?” diye bir sorun olmamıştır. Hatta Allah yerine başka kelimeler de herhangi bir sorun olmadan, rahatça kullanılmıştır.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bilindiği üzere İslami Türk edebiyatının en eski edebî eseri, 1069 yılında Yusuf Has Hâcib tarafından yazılmış bulunan Kutadgu Bilig’dir. Satuk Buğra Hanın Müslüman oluşundan (946) 123 yıl sonra yazılmıştır. Elbette aynı yıl bütün Türkler Müslüman olmadı. Ancak Satuk Buğra Hanın Müslüman olmasıyla Türkler arasında İslamiyet kısa zamanda yayıldı. Özellikle 960’larda, 970’lerde milyonlarca Türk Müslüman oldu. Demek ki Kutadgu Bilig’in yazılış tarihini kabataslak olarak “Türklerin Müslümanlığa girmesinden yüz yıl kadar sonra” şeklinde ifade edebiliriz.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">İşte bu eserin ilk bölümünün başlığı: Teŋri<a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;">[2]</a> azze ve celle ögdisin ayur (Aziz ve celil [yüce] Tanrı’nın övgüsünü söyler).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Eserin ilk iki beyti de şöyle:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Bayat atı birle sözüg başladım</em></span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Törütgen, igidgen, keçürgen idim</em></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Tanrı adı ile söze başladım,</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Yaratan, besleyen, bağışlayan rabbim (sahibim).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Üküş ögdi birle tümen mi</em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">ŋ senâ<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Ugan bir bayatka, a</em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">ŋar yok fenâ</em></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Pek çok övgü ve on binlerce senâ (olsun)</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kâdir (ve) bir (olan) Tanrı’ya. Ona yoktur fenâ (fanilik)<a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;">[3]</a>.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Görüldüğü üzere Kutadgu Bilig’in başlangıç bölümünde Allah sözü için hem -bugünkü Tanrı’nın eski söylenişi olan- Teŋri, hem de Bayat kelimeleri kullanılmıştır. Aslında ilk beyit besmelenin neredeyse bire bir çevirisidir. <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Bayat atı birle</em> = Bismillâh. <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">İgidgen, keçürgen</em> = rahman, rahîm.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bir “bismillâh” çevirisi de 1341 yılından, Kutub adlı şairin Hüsrev ü Şîrîn mesnevisinden:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">İdi atı birle başla sözüŋni<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Kim ol bar kıldı yokdın bu özüŋni</em></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Allah adı ile başla sözünü</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ki O var etti yoktan seni.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Ulug Teŋri kim ajunnı yarattı<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Tutup bik yirni köklerni töretti<a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">[4]</span></a></em></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ulu Tanrı ki dünyayı yarattı,</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Yeri sıkı tutup gökleri türetti.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Görüldüğü üzere 14. yüzyıl Altınordu şairi Kutub, Allah yerine<em style="box-sizing: border-box;"> idi </em>kelimesini kullanmıştır. Gerçi <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">idi</em> “sahip” demektir ve çok defa <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">rab</em> yerine kullanılmaktadır. Ancak burada “bismillâh” karşılığı olduğu açıktır. İkinci beyitte ise Allah yerine açık bir şekilde Tanrı kullanılmıştır.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Dîvânu Lugâti’t-Türk’te Allah ve Tanrı</span></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">İki metinden örnek verdim. Birkaç metinden daha vereceğim. Ama önce Türkçenin bilinen en eski sözlüğü olan ve Kutadgu Bilig gibi, Türklerin Müslüman olmasından aşağı yukarı yüz yıl sonra, 1072-1077’de yazılan Dîvânu Lugâti’t-Türk’teki Teŋri maddesine bakalım:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">“Teŋri yüce ve aziz Allah.”</em></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">“Atasözü: <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Toyın tapugsak Teŋri sewinçsiz.</em> Kâfirlerin din adamı Yüce Allah’a ibadet eder; ancak Allah sübhânehu ve taalâ onun işinden razı değildir. Bu, karşı tarafın iyi karşılayacağını uman; fakat karşı tarafın hoşlanmadığı bir işi yapan için söylenir.”</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">“Şiir:</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Tün kün tapun Teŋrike boynamagıl”</em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Korkup aŋar eymenü oynamagıl.”</em></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">“Diyor ki: Gece gündüz yüce Tanrı’ya ibadet et ve isyan etme! Ondan ürk ve kork; ona karşı hayâ ve korku içinde ol ve oynama.” (Ercilasun – Akkoyunlu 2014: 501).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Görüldüğü gibi 1070’li yıllarda Kâşgarlı Mahmud, Teŋri (Tanrı) sözünün Arapçadaki karşılığını doğrudan doğruya “yüce ve aziz Allah” diye vermektedir. El yazmasında verilen Arapça karşılık aynen şöyle “huvallahu azze ve celle”. (Kâşgarlı Mahmud -tıpkıbasım- 1990: 608).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kâşgarlı Mahmud’un “Allah” anlamındaki Teŋri için iki de örnek verdiği görülmektedir. Biri atasözü, biri de şiir. Bu demektir ki 100 yıl içinde, Satuk Buğra Handan önce, özellikle Abbasi hizmetine girip Müslüman olan Türkleri de hesaba katarsak bir iki yüzyıl içinde Allah anlamındaki Teŋri sözü, Türklerin halkiyat ve edebiyatına da girmiştir. “Toyın”, Kâşgarlı’nın da belirttiği gibi “kâfirlerin din adamı” anlamında bir kelimedir.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kâşgarlı Mahmud Teŋri sözüne yukarıdaki anlamı verip örnekleri de sıraladıktan sonra şöyle devam eder:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">“Kâfirler -yüce Tanrı onları yok etsin- göğe teŋri derler. Aynı şekilde gözlerine büyük görünen büyük dağ, ağaç gibi şeylere de teŋri adını verirler ve bu gibi şeylere secde ederler.”</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Henüz Müslüman olmamış Türklerin (Kâşgarlı onlara kâfir diyor) göğe ve büyük şeylere teŋri dediklerini bile bile aynı kelimeye “yüce ve aziz Allah” anlamını vermekte Kâşgarlı bir beis görmemiştir. Zaten başka türlü de yapamazdı; çünkü verdiği örneklerde de görüldüğü üzere kelime, Müslüman Türklerin dilinde “Allah” anlamında kullanılmaktaydı.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bir kelimenin hem kâfirlerin tanrısı, hem de Müslümanların Tanrı’sı olması tuhaf değil mi, diye düşünülebilir. Ama Topaloğlu’nun, Kur’an ayetlerine dayanarak kaydettiği üzere, peygamberimizin zamanında da Allah kelimesi hem kâfirlerin tanrısı, hem Müslümanların Tanrı’sı için kullanılıyordu. Dil biliminde bu olaya “çok anlamlılık” denir. Herhangi bir sözlüğe bakan herkes çok anlamlılığı hemen fark edebilir. Birçok kelimenin birden fazla anlamı vardır.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Doğu ve Kuzey Türkçesine ait başka eserlerde Tanrı </span></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kâşgarlı Mahmud’a bir örnek de biz ekleyelim. Ama ondan aşağı yukarı elli yıl sonra yazılmış bir eserden. Nevayi’nin bir evliya tezkiresi olan “Nesâimü’l-Mahabbe…” adlı eserinde evliya olduğu yazılan Edib Ahmed Yüknekî’nin Atebetü’l-Hakâyık’ından:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">“<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Ugan hükmi birle kelür kelgen iş</em>” (Arat 1951: 76).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Reşid Rahmeti Arat bu mısraa şu anlamı vermiştir:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">“Her gelen iş kadir (Tanrı) hükmü ile gelir” (Arat 1951: 98).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Arat’ın Tanrı sözünü ayraç içine almasının bir sebebi var. Çünkü eserin el yazmasının nüshalarından birinde ugan sözünün altına teŋri yazılmıştır.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Daha açık bir örnek, aynı devirde, yani 11. veya 12. yüzyılda yazılmış ilk Kur’an tercümelerinde vardır. Bu tercümelerde Türkçe anlamlar satır altında verildiği için tereddüde hiç yer bırakmaz. En eski satır altı Kur’an tercümelerinin en güzellerinden biri, İstanbul’da Türk İslam Eserleri Müzesi’ndedir ve 73 numarada kayıtlıdır. Maalesef bu eserin tıpkıbasımı da, ilmî bir yayını da henüz yapılmamıştır. Ama ben yerini söyledim, meraklısı gidip oraya bakabilir. Aramaya gerek yok. Hemen Fâtiha suresinin ilk ayetine bakınca şu görülecektir: Arap harfleriyle el-hamdu lillâhi rabbi’l-âlemîn. İlk kelimenin altında yine Arap harfleriyle Türkçesi: <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">ögdi.</em> Yani “övgü”. İkinci kelimenin (lillâhi’nin) altında <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Teŋrike</em>. Yani Tanrı’ya(dır). Rabbi’l-âlemîn kelimelerinin altında ise <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">âlemler idisi.</em> Yani “âlemlerin sahibi”.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">İlk satır altı tercümede böyle olduğu gibi sonraki tercümelerin birçoğunda da bu böyledir.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">1313 yılında yazılmış manzum bir dinî eser var: Mu’înü’l-Mürîd. Yani “mürid’in yardımcısı”. Ebulgazi Bahadır Hana göre bütün Türkmenler bu kitaba göre amel ederlermiş. Bu eserde daha çok Allah kelimesi geçer. Fakat Teŋri sözü de Allah yerine rahatlıkla kullanılmıştır:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Yıgakdın yıgıl tut idi emrini<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Yawuz ol keçürse esiz ömrini<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Hicâbsız seniŋ ma’siyet kılmakıŋ<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Delîl bilmemiş-sen çın-ok Teŋrini<a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">[5]</span></a></em></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Yasaktan sakın, tut Rab emrini,</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kötüdür geçirirse(n) faydasız ömrünü.</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Utanmadan senin günah işlemen(in sebebi)</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kılavuz bilmemiş (olmandır) gerçek Tanrı’yı.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">14. yüzyılda yazılmış bir başka dinî eserden de sadece bir örnek alalım. Bir örnek diyorum, çünkü bu eserde Taŋrı kelimesi yüzden fazla geçiyor (Ata 1998: 402-403) ve birçoğunda da ayet ve hadislerdeki Allah kelimesinin karşılığı olarak. Nehcü’l-Ferâdîs (Cennetlerin Açık Yolu) adlı bu hacimli eserden aşağıda verdiğim örnek hicret sırasında Hz. Ebûbekir ile Hz. Muhammed’in konuşmalarını aktarıyor. Peygamberimize düşman oku değmesin diye Hazreti Ebûbekir onun dört yanında siper oluyormuş. Peygamberimiz şöyle diyor: “Lâ tahzen innellahe ma’anâ.” Eser, bu sözü verdikten sonra Türkçe karşılığını da yazıyor: “Yâ Ebâ Bekr, hîç korkmagıl kim Taŋrı Ta’âlâ bizniŋ birle turur.” (Tıpkıbasım 1956: 20/12). Anlaşılıyor ama biz yine de cevabı bugünün Türkçesine aktaralım: “Ey Ebûbekir, hiç korkma; çünkü yüce Tanrı bizimledir.”</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">1250-1518 arasında Mısır’da bir Türk devleti vardı. Arapça kaynaklarda adı ed-devletü’t-Türkiyye idi, yani Türk Devleti. İşte bu devletin ahalisinden olan Araplara Türkçe öğretmek için birçok gramer ve sözlük yazıldı. Bunlardan biri de 14. yüzyılda yazılmış bulunan Kitâb-ı Mecmû-ı Tercümân-ı Türkî ve Acemî ve Mugalî’dir. İşte bu eserde de Arapça Allah sübhânehu ve teâlâ yazıyor ve Türkçe karşılığı Teŋri olarak veriliyor (Toparlı – Çögenli – Yanık 2000: 2).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Mevlid’de Allah ve Tanrı</span></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Artık Anadolu’daki Oğuz Türklerine de gelebiliriz. Örnek çok ama biz önce, en bilinen Mevlid’e bakalım. Süleyman Çelebi’nin 1409’da Bursa’da yazdığı Vesîletü’n-Necât adlı mevlide. İlk beyit herkesin ezberinde olmalı:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Allah adın zikr idelüm evvelâ </em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Vâcib oldur cümle işde her kula</em> (Ateş 1954: 92).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anlamını bildiğimizi sanıyoruz ama ben yine de <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">oldur, cümle, işde</em> sözlerinin farklı anlaşılabileceğini düşünerek beyti bugünkü Türkçeye aktarayım:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Allah adını zikredelim evvela,</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Vacip odur, bütün iş(ler)de her kula.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Yukarıda Kutadgu Bilig’den ve Hüsrev ü Şîrîn’den verdiğim örneklere tekrar bakarsak, eserlerin başlangıcında bir gelenek oluştuğunu görürüz: Esere besmele ile başlamanın gerekliliği. Türkistan’dan Anadolu’ya uzanan bir gelenek. İlk ikisinde Türkçe kökenli kelimeler vardı, burada Allah.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Süleyman Çelebi Allah kelimesini kullanıyor ama Tanrı kelimesini de kullanıyor:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Her kim ana irdi irdi Tanrı’ya </em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Tanrı dîdârını gördi bî-riyâ</em> (Ateş 1954: 100)</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Her kim (ki) ona (peygambere) ulaştı, ulaştı Tanrı’ya,</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Tanrı’nın yüzünü gördü riyasız olarak.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Kim ki dinlerse bu sözi aşk ile </em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Lâcerem Tanrı ana rahmet kıla</em> (Ateş 1954: 104)</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kim ki dinlerse bu sözü aşk ile</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Şüphesiz Tanrı ona rahmet kılar.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Anadolu’nun başka eserlerinde ve Dede Korkut’ta Allah ve Tanrı</span></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anadolu’da da satır altı Kur’an tercümeleri var. Bunlardan biri Muhammed bin Hamza’nın 15. yüzyıl başlarındaki tercümesi. Muhammed bin Hamza büyük bir ihtimalle ilk Osmanlı şeyhülislamı olan Muhammed bin Hamza el-Fenârî, yani Molla Fenârî’dir. Fâtiha suresinin ilk ayetinde orada da “lillâhi”nin altında <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Taŋrı-nuŋdur</em>yazar. Ahmet Topaloğlu’nun hazırladığı eserin sözlüğünden Tanrı kelimesinin daha birçok kullanılışını görmek mümkündür (Topaloğlu 1978: 556-557).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">15. yüzyıl ortalarında yaşamış , tefsir ve ahlaka dair eserler yazmış bir Osmanlı bilgini var: Ebulfazl Mûsâ bin Hacı Hüseyin İznikî. Sa’lebî’nin ünlü Kısas-ı Enbiyâ’sını Türkçeye çevirmiş. İşte bu eserde de Taŋrı birçok defa geçiyor. Çeşitli örnekler için Nesrin Bayraktar’ın hazırladığı eserin dizinine bakılabilir. Biz sadece bir örnek verelim:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">“<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Resûl alehi’s-selâm buyurdu ki şol Taŋrı hakkı çün ki benüm cânum anuŋ kudreti</em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">elindedür</em>…” (Bayraktar 2008: 23).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dede Korkut’ta Allah ve Tanrı sözleri hemen hemen aynı sıklıkta geçer. Bütün örnekleri görmek isteyenler, Muharrem Ergin’in hazırladığı dizinden iki kelimeye de bakıp gösterilen sayfalardan metindeki örnekleri bulabilirler. Biz birkaç örnek verelim:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">“<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Allah Allah dimeyinçe işler oŋmaz, kâdir Taŋrı virmeyinçe er bayımaz</em>.” (Ergin 1989: 73)</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">“Devletsüz şerrinden Allah saklasun ḫanum sizi… Azup gelen kazayı Taŋrı savsun ḫanum hey.”</em> (Ergin 1989: 74, 75)</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Yazılup düzilüp gökden indi Taŋrı ilmi Kur’an görklü… Alçak yirde yapılupdur Taŋrı ivi Mekke görklü (güzel)” (Ergin 1989: 75)</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Yücelerden yücesin yüce Taŋrı / Kimse bilmez niçesin görklü Taŋrı</em>…/ <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Aziz Allah ḫocam maŋa</em> <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">meded”</em> (Ergin 1989: 224).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Son Dönem sözlüklerinde Allah ve Tanrı</span></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Biraz da yakın dönemlere gelelim ve iki sözlüğe bakalım. Şemseddin Sami’nin 1900 yılında yazdığı ünlü sözlüğümüz Kamûs-ı Türki’de bakalım Allah kelimesinin karşılığında ne yazıyor:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">“Allah sz. (ism-i müzekker = eril ad)<a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;">[6]</a>, Ar. (Arapça) [el = harf-i ta’rif – ilâh = mâbud]: Hâlik-i kâinat olan vücûd-ı mutlak, Tanrı, Rab, Mevlâ, Hudâ, Îzid.” (Ş. Sami 1317: 158).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Görüldüğü üzere Şemseddin Sami, Tanrı sözünü bire bir Allah’ın karşılığı olarak vermiş. Peki bugün unutulmuş olan Îzid ne acaba? Ona da aynı sözlükten bakalım:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Îzid s. (isim), fa. (Farsça): Asıl Zerdüştîlerin sünâiyyetini (ikili tanrı sistemini) teşkil eden iki unsurdan hayır ve nur (ışık) mürebbîsinin ismi olup, İranîler ba’del-İslâm (İslam’dan sonra) Hak Teâlâ hazretlerine tahsis etmişlerdir (Ş. Sami 1317: 240).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Demek ki yalnız Türkler yapmamışlar; İranlılar da eski tanrılarının adını Müslüman olduktan sonra Allah için kullanmışlar.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Şemseddin Sami’den bir de Tanrı kelimesine bakalım:</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">“Tanrı (te’den sonra elif yok) yâhud tanrı (elif ile) veyâ tanrı (tı-elif ile) ve gl (galat = yanlış) tağrı. s. (İsim): [Semâ ve şafak demek olan tan’dan]: İlâh, Mevlâ, Hudâ, tk (Türkî-i kadîm = Eski Türkçe) Ugan<a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;">[7]</a>, Çalap: Tanrı’nın kulu // Tanrı’nın günü = bütün gün (Ş. Sami 1317: 429).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Allah kelimesinin karşılığı olarak Tanrı’yı da gösteren Şemseddin Sami burada karşılık olarak Allah sözünü göstermemiş ama aynı kavram için kullanılan Mevlâ, Hudâ kelimelerini vermiş. Ayrıca <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Tanrı’nın kulu</em> örneğinde de Allah anlamı açıktır.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Biraz daha yakına, 1927 yılına gelelim. Cumhuriyetten dört yıl sonra fakat harf inkılabından bir yıl önce yazılmış bir sözlüğe bakalım. M. Bahaeddin’in Yeni Türkçe Lugat’ine.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Allah a. (Arapça), s. (isim): Yerle göğü yaradan Mevlâ, Tanrı, Rab, Hudâ, Îzid (M. Bahâ 1927: 77).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Tanrı s. (isim) veyâ tanrı (elif ile), tanrı (tı-elif ile): Allah, Hudâ.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Tanımlık terimi ve konu açısından önemi</span></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Sanırım bu kadar kaynak ve örnek yeter. Ancak dil bilimi açısından önemli bir noktanın üzerinde durmam gerekir. Harf-i tarif meselesi. Batı dillerinde çeşitli söyleyiş ve yazılışlarıyla artikel. Yeni Türkçede tanımlık.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Nedir tanımlık? Bir ismi belirli hâle getiren gramer ögesine tanımlık diyoruz. Arapçada el-/al-. Kitâbun, “herhangi bir kitap”, el-kitâb ise “belirli bir kitap” demek. Yani el-kitâb denildiği zaman, konuşanlar hangi kitaptan bahsedildiğini biliyorlar.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Tanımlık ögesi bütün dillerde bulunmaz. Arapçada <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">el-/al-,</em> İngilizcede <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">the</em>, Fransızcada <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">le/la,</em> Almancada <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">das/der/die</em>… belirlilik bildiren tanımlıklardır. Türkçede ve Farsçada ise tanımlık yoktur.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bir dilde tanımlığın bulunup bulunmaması konumuz açısından önemlidir. Tanımlık bulunan dillerde tanımlık ögesini kullandığınız zaman belirli bir ilahı kastetmiş olursunuz. Mesela İngilizcede <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">The God</em> denince, Fransızcada <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Le Dieu</em> denince “Allah” demek olur<a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;">[8]</a>. Nitekim Arapçada da Allah sözünün, tanımlık eki olan<em style="box-sizing: border-box;"> el</em>ögesiyle<em style="box-sizing: border-box;"> ilâh</em> kelimesinden geldiği Topaloğlu ve Şemseddin Sami tarafından ifade edilmiştir.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Tanımlık olmayan dillerde ise ilah mı Allah mı kastedildiği bağlamdan anlaşılır. Söz gelişi “Yüce Tanrı bu milleti korusun!” denildiği zaman bu cümlede Allah’ın kastedildiği açıktır. Maamafih Türkçede iki durumda tanımlık ögesi de vardır. İsim tamlamalarında ve kelime, cümlenin nesnesi olduğu zaman.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Gramerde belirtili nesne denilen nesne türünde kelimenin aldığı ek bir tür tanımlıktır. “Kitab-ı okudum.” cümlesinde konuşanlarca bilinen bir kitaptan bahsedilmektedir. Dolayısıyla kelimenin sonundaki -ı, bir tür tanımlıktır. “Kitap okudum.” denirse “herhangi bir kitap” anlaşılır. “Bugün Tanrı’yı çok düşündüm.” deyince de burada kastımızın Allah olduğu açıktır.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Gramerde belirtili isim tamlaması denilen kelime grubunda da ilk kelimenin aldığı ek bir tür tanımlıktır. “Kapı-nın kolu” denildiği zaman belli bir kapı kastedilmiş olur. “Kapı kolu” ifadesinde ise belli bir kapı söz konusu değildir.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ancak belirttiğim gibi, nesne ve tamlama dışında, tanımlık ögesine sahip olmayan Türkçede Allah’ın kastedildiği bağlamdan anlaşılır. Yazıda ise büyük harf kullanılır.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Azerbaycan Türkçesinde Allah</span></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Son olarak bazı okuyuculara “fesübhânallah” dedirtecek bir sürprizle incelemeyi bitirelim.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bugünkü Azerbaycan Türkçesinde Allah kelimesinin “ilah” anlamı da vardır (Altaylı 1994: 35). Azerbaycan Türkçesiyle yazılmış herhangi bir metinde “eski Yunan Allahları” gibi bir ifadeyle her zaman karşılaşılabilir.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Sonuç</span></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Türkler, Müslüman oldukları tarihten bugüne kadar Allah sözünü de Tanrı sözünü de sorunsuz bir şekilde kullanmışlardır. Sözün gelişine ve üsluba göre Allah da diyoruz, Tanrı da diyoruz. Bazı deyimler ise bu iki kelimeyi paylaşmışlardır. Bir kısım deyimler Tanrı ile, bir kısım deyimler Allah ile yapılmıştır. Mesela <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Allah misafiri</em>demiyoruz, <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Tanrı misafiri</em> diyoruz. Şemseddin Sami’nin verdiği örnekte olduğu gibi “bütün gün” anlamında <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Tanrı’nın günü</em> diyoruz. Buna karşılık bir şeye şaştığımız zaman <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Tanrı Tanrı</em> demiyoruz, <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Allah Allah</em> diyoruz. Bir de <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Allahu a’lem</em> (<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">bi’s-savâb</em>) deyimi var. Asıl anlamı “(en doğrusunu) Allah bilir” olan bu ibare, deyim olarak “kim bilir” anlamına geliyor. Daha çok Orta Anadolu’da yaygın olan <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">ellaam / ellaham</em> deyimi de Allahu a’lem’den gelir.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Deyimler ve diğer kalıplaşmış ifadeler, kalıplaşmış oldukları için değiştirilmezler. “Tanrı’mıza hamd olsun, Tanrı Türk’ü korusun!” gibi ibareler de kalıplaşmış ve gelenekleşmiş söz birlikleridir. Yukarıdan beri sıraladığım örnekler ve dil bilimi verilerine göre bunların değiştirilmesi doğru değildir.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Yazan: Prof. Dr. Ahmet Bican Ercilasun</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">KAYNAKLAR</span></span></div>
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misak.millidusunce.com</div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Altaylı, Seyfettin (1994), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Azerbaycan Türkçesi Sözlüğü,</em> İstanbul, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Arat, Reşid Rahmeti (1947), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Kutadgu Bilig I Metin</em>, İstanbul, Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Arat, Reşid Rahmeti (1951), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Edib Ahmed b. Mahmud Yükneki – Atebetü’l-Hakayık,</em>İstanbul, Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Arat, Reşid Rahmeti (1974), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Yusuf Has Hâcib – Kutadgu Bilig II Çeviri</em> (İkinci Baskı), Ankara, Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ata, Aysu (1998), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Nehcü’l-Ferâdîs – Uştma</em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">ḫlarnı</em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">ŋ Açuk Yolı – Cennetlerin Açık Yolu III Dizin-Sözlük,</em> Ankara, Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Atay, Hüseyin (Şubat 1995), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Kur’ân-ı Kerîm ve Türkçe anlamı (Meâl),</em> Ankara, S/E/K Yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ateş, Ahmed (1954), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Süleyman Çelebi – Vesîletü’n-Necât – Mevlid,</em> Ankara, Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bayraktar, Nesrin (2008), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Ebû’l-Fazl Mûsâ bin Hacı Hüseyn İznikî – Kasasü’l-Enbiyâ Tercümesi (Metin-Dizin),</em> Ankara, Ebabil yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ercilasun, Ahmet B. – Akkoyunlu, Ziyat (2014), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Kâşgarlı Mahmud – Dîvânu Lugâti’t-Türk – Giriş-Metin-</em> <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Çeviri-Notlar-Dizin,</em> Ankara, Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ergin, Muharrem (1989), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Dede Korkut Kitabı I Giriş-Metin-Faksimile,</em> Ankara, Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları (ilk baskı: 1958).</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ergin, Muharrem (1963), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Dede Korkut Kitabı II İndeks-Gramer,</em> Ankara, Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Hacıeminoğlu, Necmettin (1968), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Kutb’un Hüsrev ü Şirin’i ve Dil Hususiyetleri,</em>İstanbul, İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kâşgarlı Mahmud (1990), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Dİvânü Lûgati’t-Türk – Tıpkıbasım/Facsimile</em>, Ankara, Kültür Bakanlığı Yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">M. Bahâeddin (1927), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Yeni Türkçe Lugat,</em> İstanbul.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Nehcü’l-Feradis I Tıpkıbasım</em> (1956), Ankara, Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Şemseddin Sami (1317), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Kâmûs-ı Türkî,</em> Dersaâdet (İstanbul), İkdam neşriyatı.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Topaloğlu, Ahmet (1978), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Muhammed bin Hamza – XV. Yüzyıl Başlarında Yapılmış Kur’an Tercümesi –</em> <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">İkinci Cilt (Sözlük),</em> İstanbul, Kültür Bakanlığı yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Topaloğlu, Bekir (1989), “Allah”, <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi,</em> Cilt 02, İstanbul, TDV Yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Toparlı, Recep – Argunşah, Mustafa ( 2008), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Mu’înü’l-Mürîd,</em> Ankara, Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Toparlı, Recep – Çögenli, M. Sadi – Yanık, Nevzat H. (2000), <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Kitâb-ı Mecmû-ı Tercümân-ı Türkî ve</em> <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Acemî ve Mugalî,</em> Ankara, Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;">[1]</a> Diğer etimolojik görüşler arasında bu kanaatin ağır bastığını, Topaloğlu’nun da ifade ettiğini yukarıda belirtmiştik.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;">[2]</a> Buradaki n, Anadolu’nun birçok yerinde, <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">gönül, deniz, geldiniz</em> gibi kelimeler söylenirken çıkarılan geniz-damak sesidir.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;">[3]</a> Okunuş ve anlamlandırmada Arat yayınından yararlandım, fakat bazı değişiklikler de yaptım.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;">[4]</a> Metin kısmı Hacıeminoğlu 1968: 181’den. Aktarma bana ait.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;">[5]</a> Metin, Toparlı – Argunşah yayınından, transkripsiyon işaretlerinden arındırılarak alınmıştır. Aktarma bana aittir.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;">[6]</a> Ayraç içindekiler benim açıklamalarımdır.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;">[7]</a> Yanlışlıkla urgan yazılmış.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://misak.millidusunce.com/allah-tanri/#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;">[8]</a> Gerçi bu dillerde de bu kelimeler için artikel kullanılmaz, ilk harfin büyük yazılması yeterlidir.</span></div>
Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-81084993097500928972017-06-22T04:14:00.000-07:002017-06-22T08:31:03.833-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - Z<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">zapping</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. zapping</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
geçgeç<br />
Seyredilecek uygun bir program aramak amacıyla televizyon kanallarını tarama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">zeplin</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Zeppelin</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
hava gemisi<br />
Havada yolcu taşımaya yarayan, sert gövdeye sahip, gazla yükselen ve
pervanelerle hareket eden araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">zoolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. zoologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
hayvan bilimci<br />
Hayvan bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">zooloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. zoologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
hayvan bilimi<br />
Biyolojinin, hayvanların yapı, görev, davranış ve sınıflandırmaları,
yeryüzündeki dağılışlarıyla uğraşan bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">zum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. zoom</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
optik kaydırma<br />
Alıcının değişir odaklı merceğinin yakından uzağa veya uzaktan yakına doğru
odaklanmasıyla elde edilen sonuç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-84671449764981396462017-06-22T04:12:00.002-07:002017-06-22T08:30:53.762-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - V<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">vajina</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>döl yolu<br />
Döl yatağının ağzından dışarıya doğru uzanan yol.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">vakum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. vacuum</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>basıncı düşürülmüş<br />
Basıncı en az düzeye indirilmiş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">valf</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. valve</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
vana<br />
Boru içindeki bir akışkanın akışını durdurmaya veya serbest bırakmaya yarayan
alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">valör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. valeur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. değer, 2. geçerlik, 3. <i>dil b.</i> anlam<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir şeyin para ile ölçülebilen karşılığı, kıymet, paha. <b>2. </b>Yürürlükte
olma, değerini sürdürme durumu. <b>3. </b>Bir kelimeden, bir sözden,
bir davranış veya olgudan anlaşılan şey, bunların hatırlattığı düşünce veya
nesne.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">valüasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. valuation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
değerleme<br />
Değer biçme, bir malın değerini belirleme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">vantrilok</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ventrilogue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
karnından konuşan<br />
Başkası söylüyormuş gibi konuşma becerisi olan (kimse).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">vantuz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ventouse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çekmen<br />
Deri üzerine yapıştırılarak çekip emmeye yarayan şişe vb. alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">vasektomi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. vasectomie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kısırlaştırma<br />
Kısırlaştırmak işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">vejetaryen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. végétarien</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
etyemez<br />
Genellikle et ve et türevlerini yemeyen kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">vejetasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. végétation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>tıp </i>ur, 2. <i>bit. b. </i>bitki örtüsü<br />
<b>1. </b>Hücrelerin aşırı çoğalmasıyla insan, hayvan veya bitki
dokularında oluşan ve büyüme eğilimi gösteren yumru. <b>2. </b>Bir
bölgede yetişen bitkilerin tümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">veksilloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. vexillologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bayrak bilimi<br />
Bayrak, sancak, flama vb. simgelerin ölçüsü, biçimi, cinsi ve kullanımı ile
ilgili kuralları koyan bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">velur</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. velours</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kadife<br />
Yüzeyi belirli uzunlukta bırakılmış ham madde lifleriyle kaplı, parlak, yumuşak
kumaş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>anat. </i>toplardamar<br />
Kanın, vücudun her yanından kalbe gitmesine yarayan damar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">versiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. version</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>tic. </i>ve<i> bl. </i>sürüm, 2. yorum<br />
<b>1. </b><i>tic. </i>Bir konuyla ilgili değişik metinlerden her
biri, 2 <i>bl. </i>Değişik biçim. <b>3. </b>Bir ürünün, bir
modelin, bir sanat eserinin farklı bir açıdan ele alınarak yeniden oluşturulmuş
biçimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">vibrasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. vibration</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>titreşim<br />
Küçük ve hızlı salınım.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">vidanjör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. vidangeur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
boşaltıcı<br />
Foseptik kuyularındaki pis suları çekmeye yarayan makine.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">viraj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. virage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dönemeç<br />
Bir yolun yön değiştirdiği yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">virman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. virement</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tic.</i> para aktarımı<br />
Banka hesabındaki fonların belli bir miktarının başka bir hesaba aktarılması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">viyadük</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. viaduc</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
köprü yol<br />
Vadi veya ırmak üstünden demir yolu veya kara yolunun geçişini sağlayan,
ayaklar üzerine oturtulmuş yüksek ve uzun köprü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">vizör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. viseur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bakaç<br />
Kamera, fotoğraf makinesi ve dürbünde bulunan, görüntüyü tam sınırlarıyla
kesmeden veya taşırmadan alabilmeyi sağlayan düzenek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">vizyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. vision</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>sin. </i>ve<i> TV </i>gösterim, 2 ileri görüş, 3.
ülkü, 4. görünüm, 5. sağgörü<br />
<b>1. </b>Sinema salonlarında filmin gösterilmeye başlaması. <b>2. </b>Daha
sonra olabilecekleri düşünme işi. <b>3. </b>İnsanı duyular dünyasının
üstüne yükselten ve hiçbir zaman tam olarak gerçekleştirilemeyecek olan,
yalnızca erişilmesi istenen amaç olarak kalan kılavuz ilke. <b>4. </b>Bir
şeyin dıştan bakıldığında görünen biçimi, görünme durumu. <b>5. </b>Gerçekleri
yanılmadan görebilme yeteneği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">vokabüler</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. vocabulaire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>söz varlığı<br />
Bir dildeki sözlerin bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>db. </i>ünlü<br />
Ses yolunda bir engele çarpmadan çıkabilen ses.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">voleybol</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. volleyball</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>uçan top<br />
Altışar kişilik iki takım arasında, bir alan ortasında gerilmiş olan ağ
üzerinden topun karşılıklı olarak elle oynanması oyunu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">volkan</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. volcan</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>jeol. </i>yanardağ<br />
Magmanın yer içinden yüzeye çıktığı veya geçmişte çıkmış olduğu, genellikle
koni biçiminde, tepesinde bir püskürme ağzı bulunan dağ.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">volontarizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. volontarisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>ve<i> ruh b. </i>istenççilik<br />
Akla ve bilime değil de iradeye üstünlük tanıyan, ruhsal olayların ve bilgi
sürecinin temelinde iradeyi gören bilim dışı öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>fiz. </i>gerilim<br />
Bir iletkenin uçları arasındaki gizil güç farkı, potansiyel farkı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">volüm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. volume</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ses düzeyi, ses<br />
Müzikte sesin alçaklığı veya yüksekliği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">vualet</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. vualet</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
örtü<br />
Örtmek için kullanılan şey.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-15081117722001788462017-06-22T04:11:00.002-07:002017-06-22T08:30:44.364-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - Ü<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">üniter</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. unitaire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
merkeziyetçi<br />
Merkeziyetçilik yanlısı olan (kimse) veya merkeziyetçiliğe uygun (iş, yönetim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">üniversal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. universal</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
evrensel<br />
Bütün insanlığı ilgilendiren.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ürtiker</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. urticaire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>kurdeşen<br />
Ciltte çeşitli sebeplerle oluşan kaşıntılı döküntü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ütopik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. utopique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
hayalî<br />
Hayal niteliğinde veya hayal ürünü olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ütopist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. utopiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
hayalci<br />
Bir şeyi gerçekleşmiş gibi kabul edip zihninde tasarlayan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-45604958200456379422017-06-22T04:10:00.001-07:002017-06-22T08:30:34.471-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - U<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ultrason</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ultrason</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>yansılanım<br />
İnsan kulağının alamayacağı nitelikte olan yüksek frekanslı ses titreşimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ultraviyole</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ultraviolet</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>mor ötesi<br />
Gözle görülmeyen, dalga boyları yaklaşık 4000 angströmle 200 angström arasında
olan, mor ışının ötesinde yer alan, yapay olarak da elde edilip tıpta
kullanılan bir ışınım.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">undercover</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. undercover</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gizli<br />
Görünmez, belli olmaz bir durumda olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">underground</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. underground</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yeraltı<br />
Gizli ve yasa dışı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">urbanizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. urbanisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
şehircilik<br />
Şehirlerin kurulmasında, düzenlenmesinde, güzelleştirilmesinde kullanılacak,
uygulanacak yöntemleri, şehirlerle ilgili toplumsal, ekonomik vb. sorunları
konu edinen bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">uskur</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. screw</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
pervane<br />
Döndüğünde bir mekanizmayı işleten bir eksene dikey olarak bağlanmış, iki veya
ikiden çok kanattan yapılmış alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-24062038043015980702017-06-22T04:09:00.000-07:002017-06-22T08:30:23.998-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - T<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-6g_mK7TNC6Q/WUvD8VSJMOI/AAAAAAAAAes/-_XkNI1-AF8u4KkLuekzO3g8RIFxug2IQCEwYBhgL/s1600/T.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="301" data-original-width="480" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-6g_mK7TNC6Q/WUvD8VSJMOI/AAAAAAAAAes/-_XkNI1-AF8u4KkLuekzO3g8RIFxug2IQCEwYBhgL/s1600/T.png" /></a></div>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tabildot</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. table dhôte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
seçmesiz yemek<br />
Lokanta ve otellerde belirli bir para karşılığında verilen birkaç kap yemek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tabloid</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. tabloid</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
küçük gazete<br />
Siyasi ve sosyal meseleleri tek bir haberle veren bir tür gazete.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">taç</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. touch</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>yan<br />
Futbol veya hentbolda, topun, alanın yan çizgileri dışına çıkması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">takigraf</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. tachygraphe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>hızölçer<br />
Motorlu araçlarda hız ölçüm aygıtı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">taksi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. taxie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>göçüm<br />
Bazı kimyasal maddelerin veya ışık, ısı, elektrik vb. güçlerin etkisiyle
protoplazmanın yanaşma veya uzaklaşma biçiminde olan yer değiştirmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tandans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. tendance</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
eğilim<br />
Bir şeyi sevmeye, istemeye veya yapmaya içten yönelme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tansiyometre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. tensiomètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tek. </i>gerilimölçer<br />
Buhar, ayrışma, yüzey vb.ne ilişkin gerilimleri ölçen alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tansiyometri</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. tensiométrie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gerilim ölçümü<br />
<b>1. </b>Sıvılardaki yüzey gerilimlerini belirleme işi. <b>2. </b>Mekanik
gerilim niceliğini, birtakım ölçü araçlarından yararlanarak belirleme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">taşizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. tachisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
lekecilik<br />
Doğa biçimlerini değil, boya biçimlerini değerlendiren ve boya vuruşundan doğan
görüntünün, insanın iç coşkusunu anlatmaya yeter olduğunu savunan soyut resim
anlayışı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">teenage</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. teenage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ergenlik<br />
Cinsel organların fizyolojik gelişmesiyle başlayan, büluğa ermişlikle
yetişkinlik arasındaki dönem.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">teenager</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. teenager</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ergen<br />
Döl verebilecek duruma gelmiş olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">teist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. théiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>din b. </i>tanrıcı<br />
Evreni yaratan ve yöneten, vahiy yoluyla insanlara buyruklar veren bir
Tanrı'nın varlığına inanan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">teizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. théisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>din b. </i>tanrıcılık<br />
Evreni yaratan ve yöneten, vahiy yoluyla insanlara buyruklar veren bir
Tanrı'nın varlığına inanma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tekst</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. texte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
metin<br />
Basılı veya el yazması parça.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tekstil</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. textile</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. dokuma, 2. dokumacılık<br />
<b>1. </b>Dokumak işi. <b>2. </b>Dokumacının yaptığı iş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">telekinezi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. télékinésie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>uza devim<br />
Fiziksel etkili medyumların gerçekleştirdiği öne sürülen olaylardan biri olan,
nesnelerin dokunulmaksızın hareket edişi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">telekomünikasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
télécommunication</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
uz iletişim<br />
Haber, yazı, resim, sembol veya her çeşit bilginin tel, radyo, optik vb.
elektromanyetik sistemlerle iletilmesi, bunların yayımı veya alınması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">teleoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. téléologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
erek bilimi<br />
<b>1. </b>Evreni ereklerle araçlar arasında bir ilişkiler dizgesi olarak
gören öğreti. <b>2. </b>Yalnızca insan hareketlerinin değil, tarih ve
tabiat olaylarının ve bütünün olduğu gibi tek tek olayların da ereklerle
belirlenmiş ve yönetilmiş olduğunu kabul eden öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">telepati</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. télépathie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>uza duyum<br />
Birinin düşündüklerini veya uzakta geçen bir olayı hiçbir bağlantı olmadan
algılama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">teleskop</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. télescope</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>gözlemci, ırakgörür<br />
Sonsuzdaki bir nesnenin gerçek görüntüsünü, içbükey bir aynadan yapılmış
merceğinin odak düzleminde veren ve gök bilimiyle ilgili gözlemlerde kullanılan
optik aygıt.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tenis</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. tennis</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>alan topu<br />
Ağla ortasından ikiye bölünen bir alanda tek veya çift oyuncuların raketle
karşılıklı vurdukları, çeldikleri topu, belli kurallara göre, karşılanamayacak
biçimde birbirlerinin alanına düşürerek sayı kazanmaları esasına dayanan oyun.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">teokrasi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. théocratie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>din erki<br />
Siyasi iktidarın, Tanrı'nın temsilcileri olduklarına inanılan din adamlarının
elinde bulunduğu toplumsal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">teolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. théologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tanrı bilimci<br />
Tanrı bilimiyle uğraşan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">teoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. théologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tanrı bilimi<br />
Allah'ın varlığı ve nitelikleriyle ilgili konuları ele alan bir bilim kolu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">teori</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. théorie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kuram<br />
Sistemli bir biçimde düzenlenmiş birçok olayı açıklayan ve bir bilime temel
olan kurallar, yasalar bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">teorik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. théorique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kuramsal<br />
Kuramla ilgili, kuram durumunda bulunan, kuram niteliğinde olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">teorisyen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. théoricien</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kuramcı<br />
Kuram ortaya koyan kimse, kurama bağlı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">terapi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. thérapie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>tedavi<br />
Çeşitli yöntemlerle hastalığı iyi etme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>tıp </i>tedavici<br />
Tedavi eden kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">termik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. thermique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>ısıl<br />
Isı ile, sıcaklıkla ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">terminoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. terminologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
terimler dizgesi<br />
Bir sanat kolunda, bilim dallarında veya teknik alanlarda özel olarak
kullanılan terimlerin tümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">termograf</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. thermographe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>sıcaklıkyayar<br />
Bir cismin ısı değişikliklerini, yaydığı kızıl ötesi ışınları kaydeden cihaz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">termometre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. thermomètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>sıcaklıkölçer<br />
Havanın sıcaklığını veya vücudun ısısını ölçmeye, göstermeye yarayan araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">termosfer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. thermosphère</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>ısı yuvarı<br />
Sıcaklığın gittikçe yükseldiği 100-300 kilometre yükseklikler arasındaki hava
yuvarı katmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">termostat</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. thermostat</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>ısıdenetir<br />
Bir yer veya nesnenin ısısını kendiliğinden düzenleyen, aynı derecede kalmasını
sağlayan cihaz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">termoterapi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. thermothérapie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>ısı tedavisi<br />
Hastalığın iyileştirilmesi için herhangi bir biçimde ısı uygulamasıyla yapılan
tedavi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">terör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. terreur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yıldırı<br />
Yıldırma, cana kıyma ve malı yakıp yıkma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">terörist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. terroriste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yıldırıcı<br />
Bir siyasi davayı zorla kabul ettirmek için karşı tarafa korku salacak, cana ve
mala kıyacak davranışlarda bulunan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">terörizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. terrorisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yıldırıcılık<br />
Bir siyasi davayı zorla kabul ettirmek için karşı tarafa korku salacak, cana ve
mala kıyacak davranışlarda bulunma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tersane</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. tersana</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gemilik<br />
Gemi yapılan yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tersiyer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. tertiaire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>üçüncül<br />
Organik bir birleşiğin formülünde öbür üç karbon atomuna bağlı olan (karbon
atomu).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">testis</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>er bezi<br />
Erkeklik hormonunu oluşturan erkek cinsiyet bezi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">think-tank</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. think-tank</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
beyin takımı<br />
Bir kurum veya kuruluşun yönetiminde etkin rol oynayan kimseler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">timing</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. timing</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
zamanlama<br />
Zamanlamak işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tiner</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. thinner</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
inceltici<br />
Boyaların yoğunluğunu azaltmak, sulandırmak amacıyla kullanılan kimyasal
birleşimlerin genel adı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tiraj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. tirage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
baskı sayısı<br />
Gazete, kitap, dergi vb.nin bir defada basıldığı sayı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tirbuşon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. tire-bouchon</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
burgu<br />
Tıpa çekmeye yarayan, ucu sivri ve helis biçiminde demir alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tire</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. tiret</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. kısa çizgi, 2. uzun çizgi<br />
<b>1. </b>Satır sonuna sığmayan kelimeleri, hecelere bölerken kullanılan
noktalama işaretinin adı. <b>2. </b>Karşılıklı konuşmada, konuşanın
değiştiğini göstermek için kullanılan noktalama işaretinin adı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">titr</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. titre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
san<br />
Bir kimsenin işi, mesleği veya toplum içindeki durumu ile ilgili olarak
kullanılan ad.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tolerans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. tolérence</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
hoşgörü<br />
Her şeyi anlayışla karşılayarak olabildiği kadar hoş görme durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tolkşov</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. talk show</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<İ>TV söz gösterisi<br />
Toplumun ilgisini çeken, çeşitli konuların ele alındığı, karşılıklı şaka ve
takılmalarla süslenen program.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tonmayster</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Tonmeister</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ses yönetmeni<br />
Radyo ve televizyon yayınlarında ses düzenini sağlamakla görevli kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">topless</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. topless</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
üstsüz<br />
Belden üst kısmında giysi olmayan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">toponimi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. toponymie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yer adı bilimi<br />
Yer adlarını inceleme konusu edinen dil bilimi dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">toreador</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. toréadore</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
boğa güreşçisi<br />
Boğa güreşi yapan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">torero</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İsp. torero</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
boğa güreşçisi<br />
Boğa güreşi yapan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">total</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. total</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bütünsel<br />
Bütün niteliğinde olan, bütünle ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">trade center</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. trade center</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ticaret merkezi<br />
Çeşitli ürünlerin ve malların pazarlandığı, ticari ilişkilerin kurulduğu yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tradisyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. tradition</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>gelenek<br />
Bir toplumda, bir toplulukta eskiden kalmış olmaları dolayısıyla saygın tutulup
kuşaktan kuşağa iletilen, yaptırım gücü olan kültürel kalıntılar,
alışkanlıklar, bilgi, töre ve davranışlar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tradisyonel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. traditionel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
geleneksel<br />
Geleneğe dayanan, gelenekle ilgili olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">trafo</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Trafo</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>dönüştürücü<br />
Aynı frekansta fakat yoğunluğu, gerilimi genellikle farklı olan bir veya birçok
değişik akım dizgesini, değişik bir akım dizgesine dönüştüren elektromanyetik
indükleçli duruk araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">traksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. traction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>çekim<br />
Herhangi bir cismin, başka bir cismi kendine doğru çekme gücü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">trankilizan</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. tranquillisant</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yatıştırıcı<br />
Ağrıyı, sızıyı gideren (ilaç).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">transandantal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. transcendantal</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>deneyüstü<br />
Deneyle kazanılması imkânsız, akılla ilgili olan bilgi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">transandantalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
transcendantalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>deneyüstücülük<br />
<b>1. </b>İnsan bilgisinin niteliğini ve ilkelerini akıl yoluyla çözmek
amacıyla deney alanının ötesine gitmeye çalışan anlayış.<b>2. </b>Ahlakta
belli bir gizemciliği savunan, Tanrı, doğa ve insanı kaynaştırmaya çalışan
Amerikan felsefe okulu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">transfer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. transfert</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. taşıma, 2. <i>ekon. </i>aktarma, 3. <i>sp. </i>alma<br />
<b>1. </b>Taşımak işi. <b>2. </b>Bir kimsenin herhangi bir
hakkını bir başkasına geçirmesini sağlayan iş. <b>3. </b>Bir iş
adamının veya profesyonel sporcunun para karşılığı başka bir işe veya kulübe
geçmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">transfigürasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
transfiguration</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
biçim değişimi<br />
Şekil ve görünüşü değiştirme işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">transformasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. transformation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>dönüşüm<br />
Bilinçaltına itilmiş bir duygu veya isteğin, karşıtı görünümünde veya başka bir
biçimde bilince yükselmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">transformatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. transformateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>dönüştürücü<br />
Aynı frekansta fakat yoğunluğu, gerilimi genellikle farklı olan bir veya birçok
değişik akım dizgesini, değişik bir akım dizgesine dönüştüren elektromanyetik
indükleçli duruk araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">transformizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. transformisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>dönüşümcülük<br />
Yaşayan türlerin yalın biçimlerden karmaşık biçimlere doğru evrimle gelişerek
ortaya çıktığını öne süren öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">transfüzyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. transfusion</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>kan aktarımı<br />
Hasta veya yaralıya, kendi veya uygun bir kan grubundan damar yoluyla kan
verme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">transkripsiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. transcription</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>dil b. </i>çeviri yazı<br />
Bir yazıyı bütün ses inceliklerini belirterek başka bir alfabeye çevirme yolu,
yazı çevirimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">transliterasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
translitération</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>dil b. </i>harf çevirisi<br />
Yabancı yazıların, okunuşları dikkate alınmadan harf harf aktarılması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">transparan</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. transparent</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
saydam<br />
İçinden ışığın geçmesine ve arkasındaki şeylerin görülmesine engel olmayan
(cisim), şeffaf.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">transplantasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
transplantation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>tıp </i>organ nakli, 2. <i>bit. b. </i>bitki nakli<br />
<b>1. </b>İşlevini yitirmiş bir organın yerine sağlam bir organı koyma,
organ aktarımı. <b>2. </b>Bitkiyi bir yerden alıp başka bir yere
dikme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">transporter</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. transporter</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yükçeker<br />
Yükleri bir noktadan başka bir noktaya götürmekte kullanılan araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">travers</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. traverse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tabanlık<br />
Üzerine rayların yerleştirildiği, yere enine konulmuş demir veya ağaç
parçaların her biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">travma</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. trauma</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1<i>. ruh b. </i>sarsıntı. 2. <i>tıp </i>örselenme.<br />
Canlı üzerinde beden ve ruh açısından önemli ve etkili yaralanma belirtileri
bırakan durum, sadme. <b>2. </b><i>tıp </i>Bir doku veya organın
yapısını, biçimini bozan ve dıştan mekanik bir tepki sonucu oluşan yerel yara.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">travmatoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. traumatologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sarsıntı bilimi<br />
Cerrahinin yara ve bereleri tedavi eden bölümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">trekking</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. trekking</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
doğa yürüyüşü<br />
Belli kurallar ve grup anlayışı içinde doğada yapılan uzun yürüyüşler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">trend</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. trend</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
eğilim<br />
Bir şeyi sevmeye, istemeye veya yapmaya içten yönelme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tretuvar</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. trottoir</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yaya kaldırımı<br />
Sokaklarda, caddelerde yürümek için yapılmış yüksekçe yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">triboloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. tribology</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sürtünme bilimi<br />
Sürtünme olaylarını inceleyen bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tribün</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. tribune</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sekilik<br />
Spor salonu, stadyum, hipodrom vb. yarışma ve gösteri yapılan yerlerde
seyircilerin oturduğu koltuklu veya basamaklı bölüm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">triloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. trilogie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ed.</i> üçleme<br />
Bir yazarın, konu ve fikrî yapı olarak birbirini izleyen üç eseri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">trio</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. trio</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>müz. </i>üçlü<br />
<b>1. </b>Üç ses veya çalgı için düzenlenmiş müzik parçası. <b>2. </b>Bu
parçayı çalan üç kişilik müzik topluluğu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tripleks</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. triplex</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
üç katlı<br />
Üç katı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">triportör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. triporteur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
üçteker<br />
Eşya taşımak için bir kasası bulunan, çoğu kez motorlu, üç tekerlekli küçük
taşıt.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">trok</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. troc</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
değişim<br />
Para aracılığı olmaksızın, bir nesnenin dolaysız olarak bir başka nesne ile
değiştirilmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tropika</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. tropica</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>coğ. </i>ve<i> gök b. </i>dönence, 2. <i>coğ.</i> tropikal
kuşak<br />
<b>1. </b>Yerküre üzerinde, güneş ışınlarının yılda iki kez dik açı ile
geldiği, sıcak kuşağın kuzey ve güney sınırlarını oluşturan ve Ekvator'un 23°
27' kuzey ve güneyinden geçtiği varsayılan iki çemberden her biri. <b>2. </b>İki
tropika arasında bulunan sıcak kuşak.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tropizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. tropisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>yönelim<br />
Bitki, hayvan vb. canlı varlıkların, ışık, ısı, besin gibi türlü uyarıcı
sebeplerin etkisi altında, bu uyarıcılara doğru veya tersine yer değiştirmeleri
olayı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">troyka</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Rus.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
üçlü<br />
Üç parçadan oluşan, kendinde herhangi bir şeyden üç tane bulunan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tubeless</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. tubeless</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
içsiz<br />
İç lastiği olmayan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tüberküloz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. tuberculose</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>verem<br />
Herhangi bir organa ve en çok akciğerlere yerleşen Koh basilinin yol açtığı
ateşli ve bulaşıcı bir hastalık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>tıp </i>ur<br />
Hücrelerin aşırı çoğalmasıyla insan, hayvan veya bitki dokularında oluşan ve
büyüme eğilimi gösteren yumru.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">türbülans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. turbulence</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>burgaç<br />
Beklenen hızından farklı bir biçimde ve beklenmeyen yönlerden gelen şiddetli
hava akımı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Türkoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. turcologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
Türklük bilimi<br />
Türk dili, tarihi, edebiyatı ve halk bilimi araştırmalarını konu edinen bilim
dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-21238849370623789842017-06-22T04:05:00.002-07:002017-06-22T08:30:13.754-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - Ş<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ruRTRPtmG7U/WUvD9jbYsDI/AAAAAAAAAes/vhFmH75ghW8sXWqOTIprb6ycqjz6rh6KACEwYBhgL/s1600/%25C5%259E.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="301" data-original-width="480" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ruRTRPtmG7U/WUvD9jbYsDI/AAAAAAAAAes/vhFmH75ghW8sXWqOTIprb6ycqjz6rh6KACEwYBhgL/s1600/%25C5%259E.png" /></a></div>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">şarj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. charge</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>yükleme<br />
Bir yere, bir nesneye elektrik yükü biriktirme, doldurma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">şilep</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Schlepp</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>den. </i>yük gemisi<br />
Yük taşımak için yapılan özel gemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">şilt</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. shield</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ergilik<br />
Üzerine genellikle bir kurum veya kuruluşun adı, işareti kazınmış veya basılmış
olan ve armağan olarak bir kimse veya takıma verilen levha.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">şimiotaksi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. chimiotaxie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>kimya göçümü<br />
Bir hücreli varlıklarda, kimyasal maddelerin etkisi altında yanaşma veya
uzaklaşma biçiminde görülen yer değiştirme durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">şimiotropizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. chimiotropisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bit. b. </i>kimya doğrulumu<br />
Kimyasal maddelerin etkisi ile bitkilerde görülen, maddeye doğru veya ters yöne
yönelme durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">şnorkel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Schnorchel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>den. </i>solukluk<br />
Başı su altında tutarak yüzmeyi sağlayan soluk alma borusu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">şoför</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. chauffeur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sürücü<br />
Karada kullanılan motorlu araçları sürüp yöneten kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">şov</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. show</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gösteri<br />
Genellikle şarkı, dans vb. türlerin yer aldığı eğlence.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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gösteri adamı<br />
Şov yapan kimse, gösterici.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">şvester</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Schwester</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. hemşire, 2. kız kardeş<br />
<b>1. </b>Doktor tarafından acil durumlar dışında yazılı olarak verilen
tedavileri uygulamak, hastanın bakımını düzenlemek, denetlemek ve
değerlendirmekle görevli ve yetkili sağlık çalışanı. <b>2. </b>Bir
kimsenin bayan kardeşi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-57835957326055101362017-06-22T04:04:00.002-07:002017-06-22T08:30:04.062-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - S<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sabotaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sabotage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
baltalama<br />
Bilinçli ve kasıtlı olarak bir işi veya bir durumu bozarak zarara yol açan
harekette bulunma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sabote</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. saboté</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
baltalama<br />
Bilinçli ve kasıtlı olarak bir işi veya bir durumu bozarak zarara yol açan
harekette bulunma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sadist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sadique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>elezer<br />
<b>1. </b>Başkalarına acı çektirerek cinsel doyum sağlayan (kimse). <b>2. </b>Başkalarına
acı çektirmekten zevk duyan (kimse).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sadizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sadisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>elezerlik<br />
Başkalarına acı çektirme yoluyla cinsel doyum sağlama biçiminde kendini
gösteren bir tür sapıklık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">salamanje</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. salle à manger</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yemek odası<br />
Yemek yenilen oda.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">salvo</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. salvo</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ask. </i>yaylım ateş<br />
Genellikle topla yapılan ateş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sanitasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sanitation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>sağlıklama<br />
Halk sağlığını korumak ve hastalıkları önlemek için tasarlanan önlemler ve
bunların uygulanması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sansasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sensation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dalgalanma<br />
Pek çok kimsede bir anda yaratılan güçlü heyecan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sansasyonel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sensationnel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çarpıcı<br />
Etkili, dikkat çeken.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sansüalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sensualisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>duyumculuk<br />
Her bilginin temelinde duyumların bulunduğu ileri sürülen öğretilerin genel
adı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sansür</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. censure</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sıkı denetim<br />
<b>1. </b>Her türlü yayının, sinema ve tiyatro eserinin hükûmetçe önceden
denetlenmesi işi. <b>2. </b>Her türlü yayının, sinema ve tiyatro
eserinin yayınının ve gösterilmesinin izne bağlı olması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">santra</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. centre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>1. orta yuvarlak, 2. başlama vuruşu<br />
<b>1. </b>Futbol, basketbol vb. oyunların sahasında ortada bulunan ve
başlama vuruşu veya atışının yapıldığı noktanın merkez olduğu alan, santra
yuvarlağı. <b>2. </b>Futbolda oyuna ilk başlamada veya her golden
sonra topu orta yuvarlağın merkezinde yeniden oyuna sokmak için yapılan vuruş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">santrfor</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng.
centre-forward</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>orta uç oyuncusu<br />
Futbolda ileri uçta, hücum hattının ortasında oynayan oyuncu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">santrifüj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. centrifuge</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>merkezkaç<br />
Merkezden uzaklaşan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">saprofit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. saprophyte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>çürükçül<br />
Doğal olarak hayvan ve bitki kalıntılarının üzerinde yaşayan ve onların
çürümesine yol açan (bitki ve organizmalar).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">satir</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. satire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ed. </i>yergi<br />
Bir kimseyi, bir toplumu, bir düşünceyi, bir nesneyi, bir göreneği yermek için
yazılmış yazı veya söylenmiş söz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">science-fiction</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng.
science-fiction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bilim kurgu<br />
Çağdaş bilim verileriyle düş gücünden oluşan (film, roman vb.).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">scoreboard</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. scoreboard</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sayı göstergesi<br />
Sayıları veya sayı durumunu gösteren levha.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">seans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. séance</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. oturum, 2. <i>sin. </i>ve<i> tiy. </i>gösterim<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir işin yapılmasına ayrılan çalışma süresi. <b>2. </b>Sinema,
tiyatro, konser vb. sanat dallarında verilen gösterilerden her biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">seksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. section</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bölüm<br />
Bir kuruluşun yönetim birimlerinden her biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">seksolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sexologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
cinsellik bilimci<br />
Cinsellik bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">seksoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sexologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
cinsellik bilimi<br />
Cinsellikle ilgili sorunların incelendiği bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">seksüel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sexuel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
cinsel<br />
Cinsiyetle ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sekunder</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. sekundär</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ikincil<br />
Sırada önem bakımından ikinci derecede olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sekülarist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. secularist</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>dünyacı<br />
Dünyacılık yanlısı kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sekülarizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. secularism</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>dünyacılık<br />
Bireysel katılımı önemli gören, dinin devletten ayrı ve özerk olmasını savunan
öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">seleksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sélection</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. seçme, 2. <i>biy. </i>ayıklanma<br />
<b>1. </b>Seçmek işi <b>2. </b>Yaşayan varlıklarda ortamın
şartlarına en iyi uyan türlerin veya bireylerin üreyip kalması, uyamayanların
yok olması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">self-determinasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng.
self-determination</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
öz belirtim<br />
Kendini yönetme hakkını belirleme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">self-servis</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. self-service</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
seçal<br />
Kafeterya, lokanta, büyük mağaza vb. yerlerde yemeği alma, parayı kasaya ödeme
gibi bazı hizmetlerin alıcı tarafından yerine getirilmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">semantik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sémantique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. anlam bilimi, 2. anlam bilimsel<br />
<b>1. </b>Dili anlam açısından inceleyen bilim dalı. <b>2. </b>Anlam
bilimi ile ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sembol</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. symbole</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
simge<br />
Duyularla ifade edilemeyen bir şeyi belirten somut nesne veya işaret.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sembolik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. symbolique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
simgesel<br />
Simge ile ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sembolist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. symboliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
simgeci<br />
Simgecilik yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sembolizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. symbolisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ed. </i>simgecilik<br />
Sanat eserinin değerini, gerçeğin olduğu gibi aktarılmasında değil, duygu ve
düşüncelerin, işaret ve biçimlerin uygunluk içinde düzenlenişinde gören, ayrıca
kelimelerin müzik ve simge değerine dayanılarak en anlatılmaz duygu
inceliklerinin bile sezdirilebileceğini savunan edebiyat ve sanat akımı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">semiyoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sémiologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gösterge bilimi<br />
İletişim amacıyla kullanılan her türlü gösterge dizgesinin yapısını, işleyişini
inceleyen bilim, im bilimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">semiyotik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sémiotique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gösterge bilimi<br />
İletişim amacıyla kullanılan her türlü gösterge dizgesinin yapısını, işleyişini
inceleyen bilim, im bilimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sempati</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sympathie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sıcakkanlılık<br />
Bir insanın bir başkasına karşı doğal ve içgüdüsel olarak bir eğilim, sevgi ve
yakınlık duyması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sempatik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sympathique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sıcakkanlı<br />
Sevimli, cana yakın.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sempatizan</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sympathisant</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
duygudaş<br />
Üyesi olmadığı hâlde bir partinin, bir kuruluşun görüşlerini benimseyen veya
bir görüşü, bir öğretiyi, bir akımı tutan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sempozyum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. symposium</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bilgi şöleni<br />
Belli bir konuda çeşitli konuşmacıların katılımıyla düzenlenen bilimsel
toplantı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">semptom</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. symptôme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>belirti<br />
Vücuttaki işlevsel bir bozukluğun veya hastalığın belirlenmesine yarayan
işaret.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sendrom</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. syndrome</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>tıp </i>belirge, 2. sıkıntı<br />
<b>1. </b>Birlikte bulunduklarında belli bir hastalığı işaret eden belirti
ve bulgular bütünü. <b>2. </b>Sorun, mesele.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">senkron</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. synchrone</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
eş zaman<br />
Aynı zaman içinde hareket eden.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>db. </i>eş zamanlılık<br />
Belli bir evrede görülen dil bilimi olgularının, olaylarının özelliği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">senkronik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. synchronique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
eş zamanlı<br />
Başlamalarıyla bitmeleri arasında geçen zaman eşit olan (olaylar).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">senkronizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
synchronisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sin. </i>ve<i> TV </i>eşleme<br />
Görüntü ve ses kuşakları arasındaki bağ.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">senkronizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. synchronisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>eş zamanlılık<br />
Belli bir evrede görülen dil bilimi olgularının, olaylarının özelliği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sensör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. sensor</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
duyarga<br />
Önceden belirlenmiş ışığı veya nesneyi algılayıp gerekli hareketi başlatan
aygıt.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sentagma</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. syntagme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>dizim<br />
Söz zincirinde birbirini izleyen ve belli bir birim oluşturan ögeler birleşimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sentaks</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. syntaxe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>söz dizimi<br />
Bir cümleyi oluşturan kelime türlerinin arasındaki ilişkileri inceleyen ve
sınıflamalar yapan dil bilgisi kolu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sentaktik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. syntactique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>söz dizimsel<br />
Söz dizimi ile ilgili olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sentetik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. synthétique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bileşimli<br />
Doğadaki örneklerine benzetilerek insan eliyle yapılmış veya üretilmiş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">septik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sceptique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>kuşkucu<br />
Açık bir biçimde kanıtlanmamış her şeyden kuşkuya düşen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">septisemi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. septicémie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>kan zehirlenmesi<br />
Kanda hastalık yapan bir bakteri bulunmasından ileri gelen her türlü hastalık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">septisizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. scepticisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>kuşkuculuk<br />
Özellikle doğa ötesi konularda olumlu veya olumsuz yargıda bulunmaktan çekinme
temeline dayanan öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">seremoni</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cérémonie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tören<br />
Anma, kutlama, nişan, evlenme, ölüm gibi sebeplerle yapılan toplantı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">serigrafi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sérigraphie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ipek baskı<br />
Bir lastik silindir ile uygun bir malzemenin şablon maskeye bastırılarak
görüntünün bir yüzey üzerine geçirilmesi işlemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sertifikasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. certification</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
onaylama<br />
Onaylamak işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">server</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. server</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bl. </i>sunucu<br />
Bir ağda diğer kullanıcılar tarafından erişilen kaynakları barındıran
bilgisayar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sezon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. saison</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
mevsim<br />
<b>1. </b>Yılın, güneşten ısı, ışık alma süresi ve dolayısıyla iklim
şartları bakımından farklılık gösteren dört bölümünden her biri. <b>2. </b>Herhangi
bir şeyin etkinlik dönemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">shower screen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. shower screen</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
duş kabini<br />
Duş veya banyo küvetinin etrafına takılan, suyun dışarıya sıçramasını önleyen,
buharın içeride kalmasını sağlayan, alüminyum veya plastikten yapılmış
çerçevelerine cam, mika vb. plastik malzeme yerleştirilmiş, ön panelleri bir
ray üzerinde hareket edebilen bir tür kabin, banyo kabini.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sibernetik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cybernétique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
güdüm bilimi<br />
Canlılarda ve makinelerde kontrol, iletişim ve işleyişi inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">siesta</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İsp. siesta</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
öğle uykusu<br />
Genellikle öğle yemeğinden sonraki kısa süreli uyku.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sifilis</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. syphilis</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>frengi<br />
Genellikle cinsel birleşmelerle bulaşan, tedavi edilmediğinde inme, körlük,
delilik vb. sonuçlara kadar varan, döle de geçerek vücutça ve akılca sakat bir
soyun yetişmesine yol açan bir hastalık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">silüet</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. silhouette</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. karaltı, 2. gölge<br />
<b>1. </b>Uzaklık ve karanlık sebebiyle kim veya ne olduğu seçilemeyen,
belli belirsiz, koyu renkli biçim. <b>2. </b>Ne olduğu anlaşılamayan
karaltı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">simetri</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. symétrie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>mat. </i>bakışım<br />
Eksen olarak alınan bir doğrudan, benzer noktaları karşılıklı olarak aynı
uzaklıkta bulunan iki benzer parçanın birbirine göre olan durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">simetrik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. symétrique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>mat. </i>bakışımlı<br />
Bakışımı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">simultane</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. simultané</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
anında<br />
Aynı anda, o anda yapılan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">simülasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. simulation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. benzetim, 2. öğrence<br />
<b>1. </b>Taklit etme, benzerini yapma. <b>2. </b>Öğrenmek
amacıyla benzerini yapma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">simülatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. simulateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
öğrencelik<br />
Gerçeğe uygun yapay öğrenme aygıtı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sinerji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. synergie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. artı güç, 2. görevdaşlık<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir sonuca katkısı olabilecek birkaç etkenin belirli bir
etkileşim sonucunda elde ettiği ortak güç. <b>2. </b>Bir görevin
yerine getirilmesi için birkaç organın birlikte çalışması durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sinestezi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. synésthésie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>duyum ikiliği<br />
Bir duyunun başka nitelikte bir duyum uyandırması, bir sesin aynı zamanda bir
renk duygusu vermesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">single</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. single</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tekli<br />
Bir sanatçının tek eserini seslendirdiği kaset.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sinonim</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. synonyme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>eş anlamlı<br />
Anlamları aynı veya birbirine çok yakın olan (kelimeler), anlamdaş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sinyal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. signal</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çevir sesi<br />
Telefon numarasının aranmaya hazır olduğunu belirten ince ve monoton ses.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sirkülasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. circulation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>ekon. </i>dolanım, 2. <i>anat. </i>ve<i> ekon. </i>dolaşım<br />
<b>1. </b><i>ekon. </i>Alışveriş ve hizmet karşılığının ödenmesini
sağlamak üzere paranın el değiştirmesi. <b>2. </b><i>anat.</i> Kan
dolaşımı. <b>3. </b><i>ekon. </i>Para ve para yerine geçen bono,
senet vb.nin geçerli olması, sürümde bulunması. <b>4. </b><i>ekon. </i>Mal
veya paranın elden ele dolaşması, dolanım.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sirküler</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. circulaire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. genelge, 2. duyurum<br />
<b>1. </b>Yasa ve yönetmeliklerin uygulanmasında yol göstermek, herhangi
bir konuda aydınlatmak, dikkat çekmek üzere ilgililere gönderilen yazı. <b>2. </b>Duyurma
işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>meteor. </i>saçak bulut<br />
İnce, tüy gibi saçaklı görünüşü olan buz parçalarından oluşmuş beyaz bulut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sismolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sismologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
deprem bilimci<br />
Deprem bilimiyle uğraşan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sismoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sismologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
deprem bilimi<br />
Depremleri, yer sarsıntılarını inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sitoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cytologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
hücre bilimi<br />
Biyolojinin, hücrenin yapısı, görevi, çoğalması ve hayatıyla ilgili dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ski</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. ski</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>kayak<br />
Kar, su veya çim üzerinde kaymak için ayağa takılan araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">skor</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. score</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>1. sonuç, 2. sayı<br />
<b>1. </b>Sürmekte olan veya biten bir yarışmanın veya spor
karşılaşmasının sayı bakımından durumu. <b>2. </b>Bir spor
karşılaşmasında taraflardan her birinin başarı derecesini gösteren nicelik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">slayt</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. slide</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
saydam<br />
<b>1. </b>Üzerindeki resim ve şekilleri beyaz bir zemin üzerine yansıtmak
amacıyla tepegöze konan şeffaf, ışığı geçiren kâğıt veya madde. <b>2. </b>Sayısal
ortamda hazırlanmış, yansıtım aygıtında kullanılmaya özgü pozitif görüntü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">slip</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. slip</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tic. </i>ödeme belgesi<br />
Kredi kartı ile satın alınan mal veya hizmet karşılığında bankanın yetki
verdiği iş yeri tarafından düzenlenen, satın alanca imzalanan, ödeme taahhüdünü
gösteren belge.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">snack-bar</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. snack-bar</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
atıştırma yeri<br />
Müzik dinlenilen ve ayaküstü yemek yenilen eğlence yeri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sneak preview</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. sneak preview</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sin. </i>ön izleme<br />
Yeni çekilmiş bir filmin gösterime girmeden önce az sayıda seçilmiş bir grup
tarafından izlenmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">snobizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. snobisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
züppelik<br />
Züppeye yakışır davranış.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">snop</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. snob</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
züppe<br />
Seçkin görünmek için, bazı çevrelerdeki düşünceleri benimseyen, hayranlık duyan
ve onlar gibi davranmaya özenen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sofist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sophiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>bilgici<br />
Sofizmden yana olan (kimse, düşünce vb.).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sofistike</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sophistiqué</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. yapmacık<i>, </i>2. karmaşık, 3.<i> fel. </i>yanıltıcı, 4. <i>tekno. </i>karmaşık<br />
<b>1. </b>İçten olmayan (tavır, davranış, duygu). <b>2. </b>Anlaşılması
güç olan (durum). <b>3. </b>Yanıltma özelliği olan. <b>4. </b>Üstün
teknolojisi olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sofizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sophisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>bilgicilik<br />
Antik Yunan felsefesinde eleştiri akımı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">software</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. software</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yazılım<br />
Bir bilgisayarda donanıma hayat veren ve bilgi işlemde kullanılan programlar,
yordamlar, programlama dilleri ve belgelemelerin tümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">solaryum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. solarium</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
güneşletici<br />
Yapay yolla bronzlaşmayı sağlayan aygıt.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">solidarist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. solidariste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>dayanışmacı<br />
Dayanışmacılıktan yana olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">solidarizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. solidarisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>dayanışmacılık<br />
Bir topluluğun bütün bireyleri arasında bir dayanışma bulunmasını toplu durumda
yaşamanın gereklerinden sayan ve bireycilikle ortaklaşacılık arasında yer alan
öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">solipsizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. solipsisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>tekbencilik<br />
Yalnız ben varım, benden başka her şey yalnızca benim tasarımımdır diyen, öznel
beni bilinç içerikleriyle birlikte tek gerçek, tek var olarak kabul eden görüş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">somnambulizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. somnambulisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
uyurgezerlik<br />
Uyurgezer olma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sorti</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sortie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ask. </i>çıkış<br />
Uçağın bir havaalanından başka bir havaalanına gitme süreci.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>top. b. </i>toplumcu<br />
Toplumculuktan yana olan kimse veya görüş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sosyalizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. socialisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>eğt. </i>ve<i> ruh b. </i>toplumsallaştırma<br />
Bazı imkânlardan, kuruluşlardan toplumun yararlanmasını sağlama, toplum
hizmetine koyma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sosyalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. socialisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>toplumculuk<br />
Toplumsal refahı devlet inisiyatifinin getireceğini savunan, işçilerin yönetime
katılmalarına ağırlık veren, hür teşebbüsü devletin ve sendikaların baskısı
altında tutmaya çalışan, telkin ve propagandalarını eğitim, tarım ve vergi
reformları üzerinde yoğunlaştıran siyasi öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sosyolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sociologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
toplum bilimci<br />
Toplum bilimi bilgini.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sosyoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sociologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
toplum bilimi<br />
Toplumun oluşum, işleyiş ve gelişim yasalarını inceleyen bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sömestir</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. semestre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>eğt. </i>yarıyıl<br />
Bir öğretim yılının ayrıldığı iki dönemden her biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">spektroskop</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. spectroscope</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>tayfölçer<br />
Işın tayflarını incelemeye yarayan alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">spektrum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. spectrum</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çeşitlilik<br />
Çeşidi çok olma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">spekülasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. spéculation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>tic. </i>vurgunculuk, 2. saptırma, 3. <i>fel. </i>kurgu<br />
<b>1. </b>İleride meydana gelebilecek fiyat dalgalanmalarından
yararlanarak haksız kazanç sağlama. <b>2. </b>Saptırmak işi. <b>3. </b>Uygulamaya
geçmeyen yalnız bilmek ve açıklamak amacını güden düşünce, kuramsal araştırma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">spekülatif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. spéculatif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>fel. </i>kurgusal, 2. <i>tic. </i>saptırıcı<br />
<b>1. </b>Kurgu ile ilgili. <b>2. </b>İleride doğabilecek fiyat
dalgalanmalarından yararlanarak gelir sağlama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">spekülatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. spéculateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tic. </i>vurguncu<br />
Para dalgalanmalarından yararlanarak kolay yoldan kazanç elde eden.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sperm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sperme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fizy. </i>meni<br />
Erkeklerin cinsel organından salgılanan madde, er suyu, bel, atmık, dikel.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sperma</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. sperme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fizy. </i>meni<br />
Erkeklerin cinsel organından salgılanan madde, er suyu, bel, atmık, dikel.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">spesifik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. spécifique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
özellikli<br />
Bir türün, bir olayın karakteristik yönünü veren.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">spesiyal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. spécial</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
özel<br />
<b>1. </b>Yalnız bir kişiye, bir şeye ait veya ilişkin olan. <b>2. </b>Benzerlerinden
ayrılmasını sağlayan bir özelliği olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">spesiyalist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. spécialiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
uzman<br />
Belli bir bilim dalında lisansüstü öğrenim derecesine sahip kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">spesiyalite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. spécialité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
özellik<br />
Bir şeyin benzerlerinden veya başka şeylerden ayrılmasını sağlayan nitelik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">spiritüalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. spiritualisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>tinselcilik<br />
Bütün gerçekliğin özünün ruh olduğunu, her gerçek olanın manevi olduğunu ve
maddi olanın yalnızca manevi gerçekliğin bir görünüşü olduğunu veya salt bir
tasarım olduğunu ileri süren fizik ötesi öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">spiritüel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. spirituel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>tinsel<br />
Maddeyle ilgisi olmayan, manevi olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sponsor</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. sponsor</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
destekleyici<br />
Bilim, sanat, kültür veya spor alanlarında yapılacak herhangi bir etkinliğin
maddi yönünü üstlenen kimse veya kurum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">spontane</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. spontané</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. anlık, 2. <i>fiz. </i>kendiliğinden<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir anda oluşan, gelişen. <b>2. </b>İradesiz olarak
gerçekleşen (hareket).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">spontaneizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. spontanéisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>kendiliğindenlik<br />
Dıştan bir belirleme ile değil, kendi kendine gerçekleşen etkinlik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">spot</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. spot</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. tanıtımcık, 2. <i>ekon. </i>peşin, 3. ışıntı<br />
<b>1. </b>Kısa, çarpıcı, akılda kalıcı tanıtım sözü. <b>2. </b>Toptancıdan
bir malı çok miktarda veresiye aldıktan sonra piyasada değerinden daha aşağıya
peşin olarak satma. <b>3. </b>Belli bir alana verilen çok güçlü ışık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">squash</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. squash</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>duvar topu<br />
Özel bir odada tek başına veya iki kişiyle oynanan, topu bir raketle duvardaki
belirli bölgeye atıp dönüşte çizgilerle belirlenmiş oyun alanına düşürme
esasına dayanan bir oyun.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stabil</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stable</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. dayanıklı, sağlam, 2. dengeli, 3. düz, 4. oturmuş, 5. kararlı, değişmez<br />
<b>1. </b>Dayanabilen. <b>2. </b>Dengesi olan. <b>3. </b>Kıvrımlı
olmayan, doğru. <b>4. </b>Oturmuş. <b>5. </b>Kararında
direnen, kararını değiştirmeyen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stabilizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stabilisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>istikrar<br />
Ödemeler dengesinde, istihdamda düzen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stabilizatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stabilisateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dengeleyici<br />
Otomobillerde eğikliği veya yaylanma genliğini azaltmak için şasi ve
tekerleklere yerleştirilen düzen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stabilize</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stabilisé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
istikrarlı<br />
Tutum ve davranışlarında uyum olan (kimse).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stagflasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stagflation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>durgun şişkinlik<br />
Ekonomideki durgunluk ve enflasyonun aynı anda yaşanması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stalagmit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stalagmite</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>min. </i>dikit<br />
Mağaralarda tavandan damlayan kireçli suların katılaşmasıyla tabandan yukarıya
doğru oluşan kalker birikintisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stalaktit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stalactite</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>min. </i>sarkıt<br />
Mağaraların tavanında aşağıya doğru oluşan, genellikle koni biçiminde kalker
birikintisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stand-by</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. stand-by</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
destek<br />
Kredi işlemlerinde her an sarf edilebilecek kredi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">standart</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. standard</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ölçünlü<br />
<b>1. </b>Belirli ölçülere, yasaya, kullanıma uygun olan. <b>2. </b>Örnek
veya temel olarak alınabilen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stant</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. stand</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sergilik<br />
İş yerlerinde, fuarlarda vb. yerlerde malların alıcılara gösterilmek üzere özel
olarak hazırlanmış bölüm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">star</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. star</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yıldız<br />
Sinema, tiyatro veya müzikhol sanatçısı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">start</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. start</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>çıkış, başlama<br />
<b>1. </b>Çıkmak işi. <b>2. </b>Başlamak işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">statik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. statique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>duruk<br />
Hareket etmeyen nesnelerin üzerindeki kuvvet dengeleri ile uğraşan bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stator</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stator</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>duruk<br />
Dalgalı akımlı elektrik motor veya üreteçlerinde hareketsiz bölüm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">statüko</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sürer durum<br />
Yürürlükte bulunan antlaşmalara göre olması gereken veya süregelen durum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">step</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. step</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>hatalı yürüme<br />
Basketbolda bir oyuncunun top elindeyken yerde zıplatmadan bir adımdan fazla
yürümesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">step</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. steppe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ.</i> bozkır<br />
Kurakçıl otsu bitkilerden oluşan, sıcak ve ılıman iklimlerdeki ağaçsız doğal
alan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">step by step</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. step by step</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
adım adım<br />
Yavaş bir biçimde.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stepne</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. spare tiredan</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yedek lastik<br />
Otomobillerde gerektiğinde kullanılmak üzere genellikle bagajda bulundurulan
janta takılı lastik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">steril</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stérile</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>tıp </i>arınık, 2. <i>biy. </i>kısır<br />
<b>1. </b>Her çeşit mikroptan arınmış. <b>2. </b>İçinde hiçbir
üreme olayı geçmeyen (canlı hücre, çekirdek vb.).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sterilizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stérilisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
arınıklık<br />
Cansız yüzeylerdeki yaralı ve zararlı mikroorganizmaların kimyasal madde, ısı,
ışın gibi etkenler kullanılarak tamamen yok edilmesi işlemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sterilize</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stérilisé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>tıp </i>arınık, 2. <i>biy.</i> kısırlaştırılmış<br />
<b>1. </b>Her çeşit mikroptan arınmış. <b>2. </b>Kısır duruma
getirilmiş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sticker</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. sticker</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çıkartma<br />
Özel olarak hazırlanıp bir yere yapıştırılan zamklı desen, resim veya yazı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stil</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. style</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ed. </i>üslup, biçem<br />
Sanatçının görüş, duyuş, anlayış ve anlatıştaki özelliği veya bir türün, bir
çağın kendine özgü anlatış biçimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stilist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. styliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
giyimçizer<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir modaevinde yeni ürünlerin oluşumunu ve yaratılmasını
sağlayan kimse. <b>2. </b>Giyim eşyası alanında uzmanlaşmış moda
desinatörü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stilistik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stylistique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
anlatım bilimi<br />
Üslup yöntemlerini ve türlerini inceleyen edebî araştırma ve dil bilimi dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stilizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stylisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
biçemleme<br />
Biçemlemek işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stok</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. stock</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. yığılım, 2. <i>ekon. </i>ve<i> tic. </i>yığımlık<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir satış yerinde satışa hazır bulundurulan malların tümü. <b>2. </b>Bir
gereksinimi karşılayacak maddeden çok miktarda yığma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stopaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stoppage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tic. </i>ön kesinti<br />
Ücretlerde, serbest meslek gelirlerinde ve sonraki yıllara devredilen taahhüt
işlerinde ödemeler sırasında bu ödemelerin belirli bir kısmı ödemeyi yapanlarca
tutulduktan sonra kişiler adına vergi dairelerine yatırılan miktar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stoper</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. stopper</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>kesici<br />
Futbolda savunmanın önünde görev yapan ve topu kesip dağıtan oyuncu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">strateji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stratégie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
izlem<br />
Önceden belirlenen bir amaca ulaşmak için tutulan yol.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stratejik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stratégique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. izlemsel, 2. önemli<br />
<b>1. </b>İzlem ile ilgili. <b>2. </b>Politik, ekonomik,
psikolojik ve askerî açıdan önemi olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stratejist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stratégiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
izlemci<br />
İzlem oluşturan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stratosfer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. stratosphére</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>kat yuvarı<br />
Yer atmosferinin 10-60 kilometre yükseklikleri arasında kalan katmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stratus</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>meteor. </i>katman bulut<br />
Gri renkli, sise benzeyen fakat yere kadar inmeyen bulut tabakası.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stres</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. stress</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ruhsal gerilim<br />
Ameliyat şoku, soğuk, coşku vb. etkenlerin organizmada oluşturduğu
bozuklukların tümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">stretching</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. stretching</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>gergevşet<br />
Birbirine yaklaşık bükülü vücut bölümlerini, gerici kasların çalışmasıyla
birbirinden iyice uzaklaştırma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">strüktür</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. structure</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>yapı<br />
Bütünün bir araya getirilişinde uyulan dizge.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">strüktüralist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. structuraliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yapısalcı<br />
Yapısalcılık görüşü ve yöntemini benimseyen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">strüktüralizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. structuralisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yapısalcılık<br />
Bilimin her dalında yapıdan yola çıkarak sonuçlara ulaşma yöntemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">strüktürel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. structurel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yapısal<br />
Yapı ile, yapılış ile, kuruluş ile ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">suare</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. soirée</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gece gösterimi<br />
Gece yapılan sinema veya tiyatro gösterisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">subasman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. soubassement</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>mim. </i>oturmalık<br />
Sağlam bir taban oluşturmak için temel ile birlikte belli bir yüksekliğe
ulaşmış yapının oturduğu bölüm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">subjektif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. subjectif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
öznel<br />
Özneye ilişkin olan, öznede oluşan, nesnelerin gerçeğine değil, bireyin düşünce
ve duygularına dayanan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">subjektivist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. subjectiviste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>öznelci<br />
Öznelcilik yanlısı, öznelciliği benimseyen ve savunan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">subjektivite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. subjectivité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>öznellik<br />
Öznel olma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">subjektivizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. subjectivisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>öznelcilik<br />
Bütün bilgilerin özneye ilişkin ve değer yargılarının bireysel, öznel olduğunu
ileri süren öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">subra</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sous-bras</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
koltukluk<br />
Giysinin terden lekelenmemesi için koltuk altına içten dikilen parça.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sübvanse</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. subvenirden</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
para ile desteklenmiş<br />
Para yardımı yapmak, desteklemek anlamındaki <b>sübvanse etmek</b> birleşik
fiilinde geçer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sübvansiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. subvention</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>destekleme<br />
Devletçe yapılan para yardımı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">süje</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. sujet</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. konu, 2. <i>db. </i>özne<br />
<b>1. </b>Konuşmada, yazıda, eserde ele alınan düşünce, olay veya durum. <b>2. </b>Bir
cümlede bildirilen işi yapan, yüklemin bildirdiği durumu üzerine alan kimse
veya şey.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">süpermarket</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. supermarket</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
büyük mağaza<br />
Her türlü tüketim malının, özellikle yiyecek maddelerinin ve mutfak
gereçlerinin seçilip satın alınabildiği büyük satış yeri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sürnatüralist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. surnaturaliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
doğaüstücü<br />
Doğaüstücülük yanlısı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sürnatüralizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. surnaturalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
doğaüstücülük<br />
Doğa yasalarıyla açıklanamayan olayların ve gerçeklerin varlığına inanmak
gerektiğini ileri süren öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sürpriz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. surprise</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
şaşırtı<br />
Beklenmeyen ve insanı şaşırtarak sevindiren veya üzen olay, beklenmedik durum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sürrealist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. surréaliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gerçeküstücü<br />
<b>1. </b>Gerçeküstücülükten yana olan. <b>2. </b>Gerçeküstücülükle
ilgili olan (görüş, eser vb.).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sürrealite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. surréalité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gerçeküstü<br />
Gerçeği aşan, gerçeğin üstündeki gerçek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sürrealizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. surréalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gerçeküstücülük<br />
Aklın, geleneklerin, alışkanlıkların denetiminden uzak bilinçaltı gerçeklerini
yansıtan yani bilinen gerçekle bağını kesip kendince bir gerçek yaratmak
amacını güden edebiyat ve sanat akımı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">süspansiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. suspension</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>asıltı<br />
Çözünemeyen madde parçacıklarının dibe çökmeden bir sıvı ortamda kalmış durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-66434320548913355492017-06-22T03:58:00.002-07:002017-06-22T08:29:48.174-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - R<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">radikal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. radical</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. kökten, 2. köktenci<br />
<b>1. </b>Yüzeyde kalmayıp derine inen, asıl konuyu da içine alan. <b>2. </b>Köktencilikten
yana olan, köktencilik yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">radikalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. radicalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>ve <i>top. b. </i>köktencilik<br />
<b>1. </b><i>fel.</i> Ele alınan konunun temel nedenlerine, köklerine
kadar inen düşünce biçimi. <b>2. </b><i>top. b. </i>Kurulu
düzenin temellerine yönelik toplumsal ve ekonomik değiştirmelerden yana olan
tutum veya öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">radyasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. radiation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>ışınım<br />
<b>1. </b>Işın veya tanecik yayımı. <b>2. </b>Uzayda yayılan bir
dalgayı oluşturan ögelerin bütünü. <b>3. </b>Bir enerjinin ışık
demeti durumunda yayılması. <b>4. </b>Isının, bir kaynaktan ışın ve
dalga hareketi yoluyla yayılması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">radyoaktif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. radioactif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>ışınetkin<br />
Işın etkinliği olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">radyoaktivite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. radioactivité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>ışınetkinlik<br />
Alfa, beta veya gama ışınlarını yayma özelliği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">radyolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. radiologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ışın bilimci<br />
Işın bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">radyoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. radiologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ışın bilimi<br />
Işık, elektrik ve ısı ışınlarının uygulama alanlarını inceleyen bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>fiz. </i>ışınölçer<br />
Işınların enerjiye dönüşmesini gösteren araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">radyotelefon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. radiotéléphone</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
telsiz telefon<br />
Elektromanyetik dalgalar yardımıyla çalışan telefon.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">radyotelgraf</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
radiotélégraphe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
telsiz telgraf<br />
Elektromanyetik dalgalar yardımıyla çalışan telgraf düzeni.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">radyoterapi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. radiothérapie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>ve<i> tıp </i>ışın tedavisi<br />
X ışınlarının biyolojik etkisine dayanan tedavi yöntemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rafinaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. raffinage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
arıtım<br />
Petrol, yağ vb. maddeleri arıtma işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rafineri</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. raffinerie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
arıtımevi<br />
Şeker, petrol vb. maddelerin arıtıldığı yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rafting</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. rafting</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>sal yarışı<br />
Özel botlarla debisi yüksek ırmaklarda yapılan bir tür spor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">raket</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. raquette</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>vuraç<br />
Masa tenisi, tenis vb. oyunlarda topa vurmak için kullanılan, oval tahta bir
kasnağa gerilmiş bir ağla veya lastikle kaplanmış saplı araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rambursman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. remboursement</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tic. </i>geri ödeme<br />
Alınan bir borcun ödenmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">randıman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. rendement</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
verim<br />
Çalıştırılan, işletilen, bakılan bir şeyin verdiği sonuç veya bu sonucun
niceliği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rant</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. rente</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>getirim<br />
Bir mal veya paranın, belirli bir süre içinde emek verilmeksizin sağladığı
gelir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rantabilite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. rentabilité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>verimlilik<br />
Yatırılmış sermayenin, bir kuruluşun veya bir yatırımın gelir sağlayabilme
olanağı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rantiye</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. rentier</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
getirimci<br />
<b>1. </b>Getirim sağlayan şey. <b>2. </b>Bankada bulunan
paranın faiziyle veya sahibi bulunduğu hisse senedi vb. değerli evrakın
geliriyle yaşayan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rasist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. raciste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ırkçı<br />
Irkçılık yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rasizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. racisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>ırkçılık<br />
İnsanların toplumsal özelliklerini biyolojik, ırksal özelliklerine indirgeyerek
bir ırkın başka ırklara üstün olduğunu öne süren öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rasyo</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. ratio</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
oran<br />
Büyüklük, nicelik, derece bakımından iki şey arasında veya parça ile bütün
arasında bulunan bağıntı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rasyonalist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. rationaliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>akılcı<br />
Akılcılıktan yana olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rasyonalite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. rationalité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>ussallık<br />
Akla dayalı olanın niteliği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rasyonalizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
rationalisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ussallaştırma<br />
Herhangi bir işi veya davranışı akla uygun kılma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rasyonalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. rationalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>ve<i> top. b. </i>akılcılık<br />
<b>1. </b><i>fel.</i> Akla dayanan, doğruluğun ölçütünü duyularda
değil, düşünmede ve tümdengelimli çıkarmalarda bulan öğretilerin genel adı. <b>2. </b><i>top.
b.</i> Akla ve akıl yolu ile varılan yargıya inanma, akla aykırı veya akıl
dışı hiçbir şeyi tanımama davranışı ve tutumu. <b>3. </b><i>top. b.</i> Bilginin
evrensellik ve zorunluluğunun deneyden ve deneye dayanan genellemeden değil,
yalnızca akıldan çıkartılabileceğini savunan öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rating</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. rating</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
değerlendirme<br />
İletişim organlarında izlenme oranı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rayba</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Reiber</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
pürüzalır<br />
Bir borunun ağzına biçim vermek, genişletmek veya çapaklarını, pürüzlerini
almak için kullanılan, çevresinde kesici yüzü bulunan alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">reaksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réaction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. tepki, 2. <i>kim. </i>tepkime<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir cismin kendini iten veya sıkıştıran başka bir cisme
gösterdiği karşı etki, aksülamel. <b>2. </b>Birbirini etkileyen
maddeler arasında ortaya çıkan durum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">reaktif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réactif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>ayıraç<br />
Maddeleri kimyasal birleşime veya ayrışıma uğratarak niteliklerini belirlemede
kullanılan bileşikler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">realist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réaliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gerçekçi<br />
<b>1. </b>Gerçeği gören ve ona göre davranan veya gerçeğe uygun olarak
yapılan. <b>2. </b>Gerçekçilik yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">realite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réalité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gerçeklik<br />
Gerçek olan, var olan şeylerin tümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">realizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réalisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gerçekleştirme<br />
Gerçekleştirmek işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">realizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>gerçekçilik<br />
Bilinçten bağımsız bir gerçekliğin var olduğunu benimseyen görüş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">reasürans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réassurance</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ikili sigorta<br />
Bir sigorta ortaklığının sigorta ettiği paranın bir bölümünü, olabilecek zarara
karşı, başka bir ortaklığa yeniden sigorta ettirmesi işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">redresör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. redresseur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>doğrultmaç<br />
İki yönlü bir dalgalı akımı, bir yönlü doğru akıma çevirmeye yarayan aygıt.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">redüksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. reduction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>ve<i> mat. </i>indirgeme<br />
İndirgemek işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">reel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gerçek<br />
Bir durum, bir nesne veya bir nitelik olarak var olan, varlığı inkâr
edilemeyen, olgu durumunda olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">reenkarnasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réincarnation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ruh göçü<br />
Ruhun bir bedenden başka bir bedene geçerek varlığını sürdürdüğü inancı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">referandum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. référendum</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>huk. </i>halk oylaması<br />
Halkın türlü siyasi ve toplumsal sorunlar karşısında olumlu veya olumsuz
görüşünü belirlemek için başvurulan oylama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">referans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. référence</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. tavsiye mektubu, 2. kaynak, 3. tavsiye<br />
<b>1. </b>Birinin işe uygun olduğunu, işe alınmasını bildirmek amacıyla
yazılmış mektup. <b>2. </b>Araştırma ve incelemede yararlanılan
belge. <b>3. </b>Bir şeyin, bir kimsenin iyi, işe yarar olduğunu
ilgili kişiye söyleme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">refleks</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réflexe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>ve<i> ruh b. </i>tepke<br />
<b>1. </b><i>biy.</i> Dıştan gelen bir uyarım sonucu doğan hareket,
salgı gibi iç tepkilere yol açan irade dışı sinir etkinliği. <b>2. </b><i>ruh
b. </i>Dıştan gelen bir uyarım sonucunda doğan ve hareket, salgı vb.
tepkilere yol açan samimiyetsiz sinir etkinliği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">reflektör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réflecteur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yansıtıcı<br />
Işık, ses, görüntü vb.ni geri göndermek, yansımasını sağlamak amacıyla
kullanılan araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">reform</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réforme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
düzeltme<br />
Daha iyi duruma getirmek için yapılan değişiklik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">reformist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réformiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
düzeltmeci<br />
Düzeltmecilik yanlısı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">refüj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. refuge</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
orta kaldırım<br />
Taşıt trafiğinin yoğun olduğu yollarda yayaların karşıdan karşıya daha kolay
geçmesi için yolun ortasında düzenlenmiş kaldırım.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">regülasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. régulation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. ayarlama, 2. düzenleme<br />
Düzene koyma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">regülatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. régulateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>fiz. </i>düzenleyici, 2. ayarlayıcı<br />
<b>1. </b><i>fiz. </i>Bir makinenin görevini istenilen ölçüde tutup
ayarlayabilen araç. <b>2. </b>Ayar veya düzen veren şey.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rehabilitasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réhabilitation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>ve<i> tıp </i>iyileştirme<br />
<b>1. </b><i>ekon. </i>İflas hâlindeki işletmeyi iyi yönetimle kâra
geçirme. <b>2. </b><i>tıp </i>Bir kimsenin iş yapmaya engel olan
sakatlığını, yetersizliğini gidermek veya bozuk olan ruhsal durumunu düzeltmek
amacıyla uygulanan tedavi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rejisör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. régisseur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sin. </i>ve<i> tiy. </i>yönetmen<br />
Tiyatro ve sinema oyunlarında oyuncuların rollerini dağıtıp oyunu düzenleyen,
metin, yorum, dekor, müzik vb. ögeler arasında birlik sağlamaya çalışan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rekonstrüksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. reconstruction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yeniden kurma<br />
<b>1. </b>Sit alanlarında yıkılmış binaların aslına uygun olarak yeniden
yapılması. <b>2. </b>Yeniden tasarlayarak biçimlendirme. <b>3. </b><i>dil
b.</i> Bir sözün ilk biçiminin nasıl olabileceğini dil kurallarına göre
kurgulama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rektum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>göden<br />
Kalın bağırsağın son bölümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">remiks</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. remix</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>müz. </i>ve<i> sin. </i>bindirim<br />
<b>1. </b><i>müz. </i>Melodiye sadık kalınarak bir parçanın yeniden
değişik ritimlerde çalınması. <b>2. </b><i>sin. </i>İlk çekimin
son görüntülerinin yavaş yavaş silikleştirilmesi, ikinci çekimin ilk
görüntülerinin gittikçe güçlendirilmesinden sonra belli bir noktada iki çekimin
görüntülerinin üst üste gelmesi ve en sonunda ikinci çekimin görüntülerinin
belirginleşmesi tekniği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">reorganizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réorganisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yeniden düzenleme<br />
Yeniden düzen verme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">repertuvar</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. répertoire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>müz. </i>dağarcık, 2. birikim<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir müzik topluluğunun veya sanatçının hazırlamış olduğu
parçalar. <b>2. </b>Bilim veya sanat alanında sahip olunan bilgi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">reprodüksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. reproduction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çoğaltma<br />
<b>1. </b>Aslına uygun olarak yapılan taklit. <b>2. </b>Bir
sanat eserinin kopyası veya taklidi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">resepsiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réception</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. kabul yeri, 2. kabul töreni<br />
<b>1. </b>Otel vb. bir kuruluşta müşterilerle ilgilenen bölüm. <b>2. </b>Resmî
konukları ağırlama töreni.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">reseptör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. récepteur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>almaç<br />
Bir elektrik akımını alıp başka bir kuvvete çeviren cihaz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">resesif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. récessif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>çekinik<br />
Birkaç kuşak sonra ortaya çıkan ve o zamana kadar aradaki döllerde gizli kalan
(soya çekim nitelikleri).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">resesyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. recéssion</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>durgunluk<br />
Alışverişin azlığı vb. nedenlerle piyasanın durgun olması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">resolüsyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. résolution</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>çözünürlük<br />
Bir maddenin başka bir madde içinde çözünme özelliği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">restitüsyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. restitution</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yeniden tasarımlama<br />
Bir tasarımı yeniden gözden geçirme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">restorasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. restauration</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>mim. </i>yenileme<br />
Eski bir yapıda yıkılmış, bozulmuş olan bölümleri aslına uygun bir biçimde
onarma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">retina</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat.</i> ağ tabaka<br />
Göz yuvarlarının iç yüzeyinde görme sinirinin yayılması ile beliren, ışığa
duyarlı, ağımsı bölüm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">retrospektif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. rétrospective</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dünden bugüne<br />
Sanatçının özellikle ilk dönemlerinde meydana getirdiği eserlerinden oluşmuş
(sergi).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">revalüasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. révaluation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>değer katma<br />
Bir paranın değerini altına ve dövize göre yeniden ayarlama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">revize</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. révisé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
düzeltilmiş, yenilenmiş<br />
Düzeltmek, yenilemek anlamındaki <b>revize etmek</b> birleşik
fiilinde geçer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rezervasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. réservation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ayırtma<br />
Otel, gazino, lokanta vb. yerlerle uçak, tren, otobüs gibi taşıtlarda yer
ayırma işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rezidans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. résidence</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
saray konut<br />
Kendine ait güvenliği bulunan, içinde yaşayanlara özel hizmetler sunulan, her
türlü ihtiyacın karşılandığı özel konut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rezistans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. résistance</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>direnç<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir nesnenin elektrik akımına karşı dayanma özelliği. <b>2. </b>Bir
çevrime istenilen değerde ek direnç katmak için kullanılan düzen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rezonans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. résonance</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>titreşim<br />
Küçük ve hızlı salınım.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ritim</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. rythme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>müz. </i>dizem<br />
Bir dizede, bir notada vurgu, uzunluk veya ses özelliklerinin, durakların
düzenli bir biçimde tekrarlanmasından doğan ses uygunluğu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ritmik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. rythmique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dizemli<br />
Düzenli aralıklarla tekrarlanan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ritüel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. rituel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ayin<br />
Dinî tören.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">roaming</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. roaming</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dolaşım ortaklığı<br />
Müşterilerine yurt dışında da hizmet verebilmek için cep telefonu firmalarının
başka ülkelerin iletişim firmalarıyla kurduğu iş birliği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rodaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. rodage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
alıştırma<br />
Bir araç motorundan tam verim elde edilebilmesi için ilk dönemlerinde yüksek
devirde düşük hızda çalıştırılması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rotasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. rotation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yer değiştirme<br />
Bir birimde çalışan görevlilerin düzenli bir biçimde başka birimlere geçmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rotor</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. rotor</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>döneç<br />
Dalgalı akımlı elektrik motor veya dinamolarında hareketli bölüm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rölatif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. relatif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>göreceli<br />
Varlığı başka bir şeyin varlığına bağlı bulunan, mutlak olmayan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rölativist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. relativist</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>göreci<br />
Bağıntıcılık yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rölativite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. relativité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>görelik<br />
Eşyayı, kavramları veya tasarımları birlik, bağlılık, birliktelik vb.
durumlarda toplayan görünüş veya nitelik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rölativizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. relativisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>görecelik<br />
Bağıntılılık öğretisi, özellikle bilginin bağıntılı olduğunu ileri süren her
türlü felsefe öğretisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rölyef</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. relief</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kabartma<br />
Kil, alçı, taş vb. işlenebilir gereçleri girintili çıkıntılı yüzeyler durumunda
biçimlendirerek yapılan eser.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rötar</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. retard</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gecikme<br />
Gecikmek işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">röyalti</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. royalty</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>huk. </i>telif hakkı<br />
Bir fikir veya sanat eserini yaratan kişinin, bu eserden doğan haklarının
hepsi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-73268781012585999402017-06-22T03:54:00.003-07:002017-06-22T08:29:37.735-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - P<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">paganizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. paganisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>çok tanrıcılık<br />
Birçok tanrının varlığı düşüncesini benimseyen inanç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pakt</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pacte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
antlaşma<br />
İki veya daha çok devletin saldırmazlık, savaşta iş birliği vb. konularda
kararlaştırdıkları ilkelere uygun davranmayı kabul etmeleri durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">paleontoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. paléontologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
taşıl bilimi<br />
Taşıllara dayanarak jeolojik devirlerde yeryüzünde yaşamış varlıkları, yerin
geçmişini inceleyen bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">palyatif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. palliatif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. geçici, 2. <i>tıp</i> geçiştirici<br />
<b>1. </b>Kısa ve belli bir süre için olan. <b>2. </b>Tedavi
edici etkisi olmayan, ağrı ve sızıları geçici olarak azaltan, dindiren (ilaç
vb.).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pandül</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pendule</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>sarkaç<br />
Durağan bir nokta çevresinde ağırlığının etkisiyle salınım yapan hareketli katı
cisim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">panel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. panel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
açık oturum<br />
Seçilmiş bir konuşmacı grubu tarafından güncel, siyasal, sosyal ve bilimsel
konuların veya sorunların herkesin izleyebileceği bir biçimde açık olarak
tartışıldığı toplantı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">panik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. panique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ürkü<br />
Ani dehşet duygusu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">panorama</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. panorama</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
genel görünüm<br />
Bir yerin, bir olayın dıştan görünümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">panoramik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. panoramique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
genel görünümlü<br />
Dıştan görünüşlü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">panteist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. panthéiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>tüm tanrıcı<br />
Tüm tanrıcılık yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">panteizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. panthéisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>tüm tanrıcılık<br />
Tanrı ile evreni bir kılan, her şeyi tanrı olarak gören öğretilerin genel adı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Panturanizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pantouranisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
Turancılık<br />
Osmanlı Devleti'nin son yıllarında ortaya çıkmış olan, Osmanlılık ve İslamcılık
akımları karşısında bütün Türklerin tek vatanda ve tek bayrak altında
birleştirilmesini amaçlayan akım.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Pantürkizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. panturkisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
Türkçülük<br />
Osmanlı Devleti'nin son yıllarında ortaya çıkan, Osmanlılık ve İslamcılık
akımları karşısında bütün Türklerin tek vatanda ve tek bayrak altında
birleştirilmesini amaçlayan akım.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">paradigma</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. paradigme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. değerler dizisi, 2. örnek, 3.<i> db. </i>dizi<br />
<b>1. </b>Belirli bir alanda çalışan bilim adamlarının paylaştığı ortak
değerler ve anlayışlar dizisi. <b>2. </b>Durum ve niteliği
benimsenmeye değer kimse veya şey. <b>3. </b>Aynı söz dizimsel bağlam
içinde birbirinin yerini alabilecek olan ve güçlü bir karşıtlık bağlantısı kuran
ögelerin oluşturduğu bütün.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">paradoks</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. paradoxe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. aykırı düşünce, 2. çelişki<br />
<b>1. </b>Kökleşmiş inanışlara aykırı olarak ileri sürülen düşünce. <b>2. </b>Söylenilen
sözlerin, yapılan davranışların birbirini tutmaması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">parafazi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. paraphasie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>söz karışıklığı<br />
Bir kelimenin yerine bir başkasını kullanma biçiminde görülen konuşma
bozukluğu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">paralel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. parallèlle</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>mat. </i>koşut<br />
Aynı düzlem içinde ikişer ikişer bulunan ve kesişmeyen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">paralelizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. parallélisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>koşutçuluk<br />
Kişide, ruhsal ve bedensel olaylar arasında koşutluk bulunduğunu ileri süren
öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">paralizi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. paralysie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>inme<br />
Vücudun bir bölümünde hareket ve hissetmenin kalkması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">parametre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. paramètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>mat. </i>değişken<br />
Cebirde bir denklemin katsayılarına giren değişken nicelik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">parankima</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. parenchyme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>özek doku<br />
Selüloz çeperleri kalınlaşmış, odunlaşmamış olan, değişik görevler yapan
hücrelerin oluşturduğu doku.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">parapent</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. parapante</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>yamaç paraşütü<br />
Rüzgârın yardımıyla yüksek tepe veya yar başlarından boşluğa uçurulmak üzere
yapılan paraşüt.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">paratoner</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. paratonnerre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yıldırımsavar<br />
Yıldırımların zararını önlemekte kullanılan, ucunda bakır veya platin bulunan,
5-10 metre uzunluğunda demir çubuk ve bununla toprak veya kuyu arasında çekilen
bakır telden oluşan koruma aracı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">parazit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. parasite</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>asalak<br />
Bir canlıda sürekli veya geçici yaşayarak ona zarar veren başka canlı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">parazitoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. parasitologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
asalak bilimi<br />
Asalakların yapısını, yaşayışını, konakçıyla ilişkisini ve yaptığı
hastalıklarla bu hastalıklara karşı girişilecek savaşı konu alan bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">part-time</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. part-time</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yarım gün<br />
Belirli veya alışılmış çalışma saatlerinin yarısı olan süre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">partenogenez</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. parthénogenése</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>döllenmesiz üreme<br />
Döllenmemiş yumurtanın gelişmesiyle oluşan üreme biçimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">partikül</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. particule</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>parçacık<br />
Elektron, proton, nötron gibi atomu oluşturan parçaların her biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">partisip</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. participe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>sıfat-fiil<br />
Fiilden -en, -r , -ecek vb. eklerle türetilmiş ad ve sıfat görevinde kullanılan
kelimeler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">partner</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. partner</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. eş, 2. ortak<br />
<b>1. </b>İkişer kişilik gruplarla oynanan oyunlarda, ortak oynayan iki
kişiden her birinin öbürüne göre durumu. <b>2. </b>Birlikte iş yapan,
ortaklaşa yararlarla birbirlerine bağlı kimselerden her biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pasifikasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pacification</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
etkisizleştirme<br />
Etkisizleştirmek işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pasivize</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. passivisé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
etkisizleştirilmiş<br />
Etkisiz duruma getirilmiş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pasör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. passeur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>pasçı<br />
Voleybolda öbür oyuncuların vurması için topu, ağın üzerine yükselten oyuncu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pastoral</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pastoral</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ed. </i>çobanlama<br />
Kır yaşantısını ve özellikle çobanların aşk ve yaşayışlarını anlatan edebiyat
türü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">patchwork</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. patchwork</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kırkyama<br />
Kumaş artıklarını birleştirerek örtü, yorgan yüzü vb.ni yapma işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">patent</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. patente</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
buluş belgesi<br />
Bir buluşun veya o buluşun kullanma hakkının bir kimseye ait olduğunu gösteren
belge.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">paternalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. paternalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>babacılık<br />
Devletin türlü sınıflar üzerinde babalık ederek bu sınıflar arasında denge
kurmaya çalışması işlemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">patetik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pathétique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dokunaklı<br />
Etkili, insanın içine işleyen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">patriarkal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. patriarcal</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>ataerkil<br />
Soyda, temel olarak babayı alan ve ailede çocukları baba soyuna mal eden
(topluluk).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pedagog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pédagogue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
eğitimci<br />
Eğitim işiyle uğraşan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pedagoji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pédagogie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
eğitim bilimi<br />
<b>1. </b>Öğretim ve eğitimi kurallara bağlayan bilim kolu. <b>2. </b>Öğretmenlik
sanatı, uygulaması veya mesleği için gerekli bilgi ve becerileri kazandıran
bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pedagojik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pédagogique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
eğitimsel<br />
Eğitimle ilgili, eğitsel.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pedofil</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. pedophile</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sübyancı<br />
Ergenlik çağına girmemiş çocuklara karşı cinsel ilgi duyan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pedofili</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. pedophilia</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sübyancılık<br />
Sübyancı olma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pedolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pédologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. çocuk bilimci, 2. toprak bilimci<br />
<b>1. </b>Çocuk bilimi uzmanı. <b>2. </b>Toprak bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pedoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pédologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. çocuk bilimi, 2. toprak bilimi<br />
<b>1. </b>Konu olarak çocuğu alan ve onu her bakımdan inceleyerek
özelliklerini belirten bilim. <b>2. </b>Toprakların fiziksel,
kimyasal, biyolojik vb. özelliklerini inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pedometre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pédomètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>adımsayar<br />
Yürüme sırasında gerçek sonuçlara varabilmek için geçilen yerin uzunluğunu
anlayabilmek amacıyla ayağa veya bele takılan alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">peeling</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. peeling</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
soyum<br />
Üst derinin özel işlemlerle soyulması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">penaltı</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. penalty</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>ceza atışı<br />
Futbol ve hentbolda ceza alanı içinde yapılan kural dışı bir hareket sebebiyle
yalnız kalecinin koruduğu kaleye ortadan ve tam karşıdan yapılan atış.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">peneplen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pénéplaine</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>yontuk düz<br />
Erozyon etkisiyle oluşmuş, yumuşak engebeli yeryüzü parçası.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">penis</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>erkeklik organı<br />
Erkeğin çiftleşme organı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pentür</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. peinture</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
boyama<br />
Boyamak işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">perfeksiyonist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. perfectioniste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
mükemmeliyetçi, yetkinci<br />
Herhangi bir alanda mükemmel olma yolunda aşırı çaba sarf eden kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">perfeksiyonizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. perfectionisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
mükemmeliyetçilik, yetkincilik<br />
Herhangi bir alanda mükemmel olma yolunda aşırı çaba sarf etme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">performans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. performance</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
başarım<br />
<b>1. </b>Kişinin yapabileceği en iyi derece. <b>2. </b>Herhangi
bir eseri, oyunu, işi vb.ni ortaya koyarken gösterilen başarı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pergola</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. pergola</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gölgelik<br />
Kazıkların ve belli kalınlıktaki dikmelerin üzerine bindirilmiş bir tür demir
veya ahşap çardak.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">periferi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. périphérie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. kıyı, 2. çevre<br />
<b>1. </b>Kenar. <b>2. </b>Bir şeyin yakını, dolayı, etraf.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">peripatetizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. péripatétisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>Aristotelesçilik<br />
Yunan filozoflarından derslerini öğrencileriyle birlikte gezinerek veren
Aristoteles'in felsefesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">periton</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. péritone</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>karın zarı<br />
Karın boşluğunun içini, bu boşluğun içinde bulunan bağırsakları, öbür organları
kaplayan ve tutan zar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">peritonit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. péritonite</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>karın zarı yangısı<br />
Karın zarının çabuk ilerleyen veya kronik iltihabı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">periyodik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. périodique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
süreli<br />
Belirli aralıklarla yapılan, çıkan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">periyot</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. période</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. dönem, 2. <i>fiz. </i>devir<br />
<b>1. </b>Belli özellikleri olan zaman parçası. <b>2. </b>Bir
hareket, birbirinin aynı olan ve eşit zamanlarda yapılan başka hareketlerden
oluştuğunda hareketlerin her biri veya bunların yapılması için geçen her zaman
aralığı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">perküsyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. percussion</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>müz. </i>vurmalı sazlar<br />
Davul, zil, timbal, tef gibi vurularak çalınan çalgılar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">persona non grata</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
istenmeyen kişi<br />
Bulunduğu ülkenin yasa ve düzenlemelerine uymadığı durumda ilgili devletçe
çalışması istenmeyen diplomat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">perspektif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. perspective</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. görünge, 2. bakış açısı<br />
<b>1. </b>Eşya ve nesnelerin uzaktan görünüşü. <b>2. </b>Bir
olay, konu veya düşünce incelenirken izlenen belirli yön.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">peruk</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. perruque</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
takma saç<br />
Farklı görüntüye sahip olmak için değişik renk ve boyda yapılarak başa takılan
saç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">peruka</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. parrucca</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
takma saç<br />
Farklı görüntüye sahip olmak için değişik renk ve boyda yapılarak başa takılan
saç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">perukar</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. parrucchiere</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
berber<br />
<b>1. </b>Saç ve sakalın kesilmesi, taranması ve yapılması işiyle uğraşan
veya bunu meslek edinen kimse. <b>2. </b>Bu işin yapıldığı dükkân.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pesimist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pesimiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>kötümser<br />
Her şeyi kötü yanıyla ele alan, hep en kötüyü bekleyen, kötüye yorumlayan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pesimizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pessimisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>kötümserlik<br />
Her şeyi en kötü yanından ele alan, her durumu karanlık gören ve hep en kötüyü
bekleyen dünya görüşü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">petrografi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pétrographie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
taş bilimi<br />
Taşların yapısını inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. pig</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dökme demir<br />
İçinde % 2'den % 6'ya kadar karbon bulunan bir demir karbon alaşımı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. peak</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>değer bakımından yükselme<br />
İktisadi çevrimdeki genişlemenin en üst noktaya ulaşması, genişlemeden tekrar
daralmaya geçişi gösteren dönüş noktası.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pinpon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. ping-pong</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>masa tenisi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pipe-line</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. pipe-line</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
boru hattı<br />
<b>1. </b>Doğal gaz arıtma ünitesinden alınan gazın, bir veya daha fazla
dağıtım veya tüketim merkezine taşınması amacıyla tesis edilen boru şebekesi. <b>2. </b>Petrolü,
çıktığı yerden başka yere akıtan boru tesisatı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pirogravür</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pyrogravure</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dağlama resim<br />
Tahta üzerine kızgın demirle yapılan bir tür resim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pirosfer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pyrosphère</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>jeol. </i>ateş küre<br />
Erimiş hâlde olduğu sanılan yer çekirdeği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pitoresk</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pittoresque</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
resimsi<br />
Durumu ve görünüşü resim konusu olmaya değer (görünüş).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">plaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. plage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kumsal<br />
Denize, göle vb. yerlere girilebilen genellikle kumluk alan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">plaket</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. plaquette</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
onurluk<br />
Bir başarıyı veya durumu ödüllendirmek amacıyla verilen türlü biçimlerde levha.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">planet</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. planète</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>gezegen<br />
Güneş çevresinde dolanan, ondan aldıkları ışığı yansıtan gök cisimlerinin ortak
adı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">planetaryum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. planétarium</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>gökevi<br />
Gök olaylarını yıldızların, güneş, ay ve gezegenlerin konumlarını,
hareketlerini küresel bir kubbenin iç yüzeyinde, çeşitli araçlarla gösteren
yapı, yıldızlık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">plasenta</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. placenta</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>döl eşi<br />
Memelilerde ana ile dölüt arasında kan alıp verme işini sağlayan organ.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">plasman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. placement</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>yatırım<br />
Parayı, gelir getirici, taşınır veya taşınmaz bir mala yatırma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">play-off</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. play-off</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>üst küme<br />
İçinde bulunulan lig maçlarının bir üst ligi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">playback</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. playback</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
söylemseme<br />
Söylemsemek işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">playmaker</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. playmaker</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>oyun kurucu<br />
Karşılaşmada oyuna yön veren oyuncu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">plaza</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İsp. plaza</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
iş merkezi<br />
<b>1. </b>Birçok satış merkezinin bir arada bulunduğu yer. <b>2. </b>Belli
bir ürünün bütün çeşitleriyle sergilendiği ve satışının yapıldığı yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pleistosen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pléistocène</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>jeol. </i>Buzul Çağı<br />
Dördüncü Çağın, yeryüzünün bugünkünden daha büyük bölgelerinin buzullarla
örtülü bulunduğu dönemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">plevra</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. pleura</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>akciğer zarı<br />
Göğüs boşluğunun içini ve bu boşluğun içinde bulunan akciğerin dışını kaplayan
ince zar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">plonjon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. plongeon</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>dalış<br />
Topu yakalamak amacıyla savunmadaki bir oyuncunun yatay olarak sıçraması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">plüralist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pluraliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>top. b. </i>çoğulcu, 2. <i>fel. </i>çokçu<br />
<b>1. </b>Çoğulculukla ilgili olan (kimse veya görüş). <b>2. </b>Çokçuluk
öğretisini benimseyen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">plüralizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pluralisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>top. b. </i>çoğulculuk, 2. <i>fel.</i> çokçuluk<br />
<b>1. </b>Çeşitli eğilimlerin, düşüncelerin, yönetimde etkisini kabul eden
siyasi yöntem. <b>2. </b>Gerçekçiliğin açıklanmasında birden çok
ilkenin temelde bulunduğunu kabul eden öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">plütokrasi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ploutocratie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>varsıl erki<br />
Zenginler iktidarı, zenginlerin yönetimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">plüviyometre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pluviomètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yağışölçer<br />
Belirli bir zamanda, belirli bir yere düşen yağış miktarını ölçmeye yarayan
alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">polarizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. polarisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>1. kutuplanma, 2. polarma<br />
<b>1. </b>Kutuplanmak işi. <b>2. </b>Doğrudan doğruya kendi
kaynağından çıkan bir ışığın, yansıdıktan veya kırıldıktan sonra gösterdiği
özelliklerin tümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">polemik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. polémique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. söz dalaşı, 2. <i>ed. </i>kalem kavgası<br />
<b>1. </b>Karşılıklı söz söyleme, sözle saldırma. <b>2. </b>Siyaset,
bilim, edebiyat vb. alanlarda yapılan karşılıklı sözlü tartışma. <b>3. </b><i>ed.</i> Yazılarıyla
birbirine sataşma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">polen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pollen</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bit. b. </i>çiçek tozu<br />
Çiçekli bitkilerde erkek organın başçığında bulunan döl hücresi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">poliandri</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. polyandrie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>çok kocalılık<br />
Bir kadının yasalara uygun olarak aynı zamanda iki veya daha çok sayıda erkekle
evli olabildiği evlilik biçimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">polifoni</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. polyphonie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>müz. </i>çok seslilik<br />
İki veya daha çok sesin müzik kurallarına uygun biçimde porte üzerine yazılarak
düzenlenmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">polifonik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. polyphonique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>müz. </i>çok sesli<br />
<b>1. </b>Çok seslilikle ilgili. <b>2. </b>Birçok değişik sesin
bir araya gelmesiyle yapılan (müzik).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">poligam</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. polygame</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>çok eşli<br />
Aynı zamanda birçok kadınla evli olan (erkek) veya birçok erkekle evli olan
(kadın).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">poligami</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. polygamie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>çok eşlilik<br />
Karı veya kocadan herhangi birinin birden çok sayıda olmasının toplumsal olarak
onaylandığı evlilik biçimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">poligon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. polygone</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. atış yeri, 2. <i>mat. </i>çokgen<br />
<b>1. </b>Ateşli silahlarla atış alıştırmaları yapılan yer. <b>2. </b>Açı
oluşturacak biçimde dörtten çok kenardan oluşan kapalı şekil.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">polijini</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. polygynie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>çok karılılık<br />
Bir erkeğin yasalara uygun olarak aynı zamanda iki veya daha çok sayıda kadınla
evli olabildiği evlilik biçimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">politeist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. polythéiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>çok tanrıcı<br />
Çok tanrıcılık yanlısı (kimse).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">politeizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. polythéisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>çok tanrıcılık<br />
Birçok tanrının varlığı düşüncesini benimseyen inanç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">popülarite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. popularité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tutulma<br />
Halk tarafından sevilme, ünlü olma, iyi tanınma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">popülasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. population</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. varlık, 2. nüfus<br />
<b>1. </b>Canlı varlıkların sayısal yoğunluğu veya dağılımı. <b>2. </b>Bir
ülkede, bir bölgede, bir evde belirli bir anda yaşayanların oluşturduğu toplam
sayı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">popüler</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. populaire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
herkesçe tanınan<br />
Herkes tarafından bilinen, ünlü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">popülist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. populiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
halk yardakçısı<br />
Halkın hoşuna gidecek davranışlarda bulunarak kendine avantaj sağlayan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">popülizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. populisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
halk yardakçılığı<br />
Halkın hoşuna gidecek davranışlarda bulunarak kendine avantaj sağlama işi,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">porfir</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. porphyre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>min. </i>kayaç<br />
Yer kabuğunun yapı gereci olan bir veya birkaç mineralden oluşan kütle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">portör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. portör</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>taşıyıcı<br />
Kendisi hastalığa yakalanmaksızın o hastalığın sebebi olan mikrobu taşıyan
kimse veya hayvan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">post-it</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. post-it</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
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Post-it tescilli marka adından<br />
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Pusulacık<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">postmatüre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. postmaturé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>geçdoğan<br />
Normal zamanından sonra doğan (bebek).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">postulat</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. postulat</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>man. </i>ve<i> mat. </i>ön doğru<br />
<b>1. </b><i>man.</i> Bir bilimin kuruluşunda temel görevi görmekle
birlikte belikten daha az olma ve tanımlanmayan ilkel gerçek. <b>2. </b><i>mat.</i> İspatsız
kabul edilen önerme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">poşet</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pochette</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
torba<br />
Genellikle plastikten veya kâğıttan yapılmış, içine öteberi koymaya yarayan,
çeşitli büyüklükte olabilen taşıma gereci.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">potansiyel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. potentiel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. gizil, 2. <i>fiz. </i>gizil güç<br />
<b>1. </b>Gizli kalmış, henüz varlığı ortaya çıkmamış olan. <b>2. </b>Bir
iletkenin herhangi iki noktası arasında bir elektrik akımının ortaya çıkmasına
yol açan güç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">potpuri</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pot-pourri</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>müz. </i>karmaca<br />
Sevilen müzik eserlerinden seçilmiş bölümlerin arka arkaya seslendirilmesiyle
oluşan müzik parçası.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pozisyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. position</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. konum, 2. durum<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir kimsenin veya bir şeyin bir yerdeki durumu veya duruş
biçimi. <b>2. </b>Bir şeyin içinde bulunduğu koşulların hepsi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pozitif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. positif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. olumlu , 2. <i>mat. </i>artı<br />
<b>1. </b>Gözetilen amaca veya beklenilene uygun, yararlı. <b>2. </b>Sıfırdan
büyük, önünde artı işareti bulunan (sayı).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pozitivist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. positiviste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>olgucu<br />
Olguculukla ilgili olan, olguculuk yanlısı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pozitivizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. positivisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>olguculuk<br />
Araştırmalarını olgulara, deneylere, gerçeklere dayayan, fizik ötesi
açıklamaları kuramsal olarak olanaksız ve yararsız gören Auguste Comte'un
açtığı felsefe çığırı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pragmatik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pragmatique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>yararcı<br />
Yarar peşinde koşan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pragmatizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pragmatisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>yararcılık<br />
Doğruluğu ve gerçekliği tek yanlı olarak yalnızca hareketlerin sonuçları ve
başarıları ile değerlendiren öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pratisyen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. praticien</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
düz hekim<br />
Mesleğinde uzmanlık belgesi almamış olan (kimse).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prefabrik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. préfabriqué</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kurma<br />
Parçaları önceden hazırlanıp birleştirilerek oluşturulan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prehistorya</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tarih öncesi<br />
Yazının bulunmasından önceki insan topluluklarının evrimini inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prematüre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. prématuré</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>erkendoğan, günsüz<br />
Zamanından önce doğan (bebek).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prensip</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. principe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>man. </i>ilke<br />
Temel düşünce, temel inanç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pres</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. presse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>baskı<br />
Top oyunlarında karşı takım oyuncusunun hareketini ve sonuç almasını engellemek
amacıyla uygulanan yakın savunma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prese</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pressé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sıkıştırılmış<br />
Bir alet yardımıyla birbirine yaklaştırılarak sıkı duruma getirilmiş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">presesyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. précession</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>devinme olayı<br />
Yerin dönme ekseninin tutulum düzleminin normali çevresinde bir koni çizecek
biçimde çok yavaş olarak dönmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prestij</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. prestige</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
saygınlık<br />
Saygı görme, değerli, güvenilir olma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prezantasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. présentation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tanıtma<br />
Tanıtmak işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prezante</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. présenté</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tanıtılmış<br />
Tanınması sağlanmış.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prezervatif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. préservatif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kaput<br />
Cinsel ilişkilerle geçebilecek hastalıklardan korunmak veya kadının gebe
kalmasını önlemek için erkeklerin kullandığı ince, saydam bir çeşit kılıf.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">primat</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. primate</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>hay. b. </i>maymun<br />
Dört ayaklı, iki ayağı üzerinde de yürüyebilen, ormanda toplu olarak yaşayan,
kuyruklu hayvan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prime time</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. prime time</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
altın saatler<br />
Televizyonun en çok izlendiği saatler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">primitif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. primitif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>ilkel<br />
Zaman bakımından en eski olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">primitivizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. primitivisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>ilkelcilik<br />
<b>1. </b>Avrupa sanatının çağımıza kadar geçirdiği gelişmelerden habersiz
görünen, ilkel ulusların sağlam, kaba, saf, yalın biçimli sanatını benimseyen
görüş. <b>2. </b>İlkellik özlemini ileri süren düşünce akımlarının
genel adı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">print</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. print</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. baskı, 2. <i>bl. </i>çıktı<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir eserin basılış biçimi veya durumu. <b>2. </b>Bilgisayarda
yazılan bir metnin kâğıda dökülmüş biçimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">printer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. printer</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bl. </i>yazıcı<br />
Bilgisayarda hazırlanan metnin yazılı sayfa hâlinde dökümünü veren araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">probabilizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. probabilisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>olasıcılık<br />
Bilginin ancak olasılık değeri olduğunu, kesin doğrunun bilinemeyeceğini,
bilginin yalnız olasılığa erişebileceğini ileri süren teoriye dayalı kuşkucu
öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">problematik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. problématique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sorunsal<br />
Doğru olma ihtimali bulunmakla birlikte, şüphe uyandıran, kesin olmayan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prodüksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. production</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sin. ve TV </i>yapım<br />
Bir filmin çevrilmesi veya bir radyo, televizyon programının hazırlanması için
gerekli çalışmaların tümü ve bu çalışmaların ürünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prodüktivite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. productivité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
üretkenlik<br />
Verilen emeğe ve yapılan masrafa oranla üretilen miktar, ürün verme gücü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prodüktör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. producteur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>sin. </i>ve<i> TV </i>yapımcı, 2. <i>tic. </i>üretici<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir filmin çevrilişiyle ilgili bütün yönetim işlerini üzerine
alan, sermayesini veren kimse. <b>2. </b>Üretimle uğraşan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">profil</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. profil</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. yan, 2. <i>mat.</i> yanay<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir şeyin ön, arka, alt ve üst dışında kalan bölümü. <b>2. </b>Bir
cismin düşey kesiti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">program</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. programme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. izlence, 2. <i>eğt. </i>yetişek<br />
<b>1. </b>Belirli şartlara ve düzene göre yapılması öngörülen işlemlerin
bütünü. <b>2. </b>Yapılacak bir işin bölümlerini, bölümlerin sırasını
ve zamanını gösteren tasarı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">projeksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. projection</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>fiz. </i>iz düşümü, 2. <i>sin. </i>ve<i> TV</i> gösterim<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir film veya belgenin ışık kaynağından çıkan ışınlarla ekran
veya perde üzerinde görüntüsünün oluşturulma işi. <b>2. </b>Görüntülerin
gösterici yardımıyla bir yüzeye yansıtılması işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">projektör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. projecteur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. ışıldak, 2. yansıtım aygıtı<br />
<b>1. </b>Karanlıkta bir hedefi aydınlatmak için kullanılan dar, uzun bir
ışın demeti çıkaran ışık kaynağı. <b>2. </b>Bir film veya belgenin
ışık kaynağından çıkan ışınlarla ekran veya perde üzerinde görüntüsünü
oluşturulan alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">proletarya</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. prolétariat</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
emekçi sınıfı<br />
Emeğini sermayeciye satarak geçimini sağlayanların oluşturduğu toplum kesimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">proleter</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. prolétaire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
emekçi<br />
Geçimini, emeğini sermayeciye satarak sağlayan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. prologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ön deyiş<br />
Bir eserde asıl konu olarak ele alınan olaylardan önce, geçmiş birtakım başka
olguları anlatan ilk bölüm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">promosyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. promotion</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
özendirme<br />
Bir malı geniş kitlelere tanıtmak ve o malın sürümünü sağlamak amacıyla yapılan
çalışmalar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">promönat</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. promenade</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gezinti yeri<br />
Yürüyüş yapmak, dolaşmak ve hava almak amacıyla ayrılmış yol veya bölge.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">propaganda</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. propaganda</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yaymaca<br />
Bir öğreti, düşünce veya inancı başkalarına tanıtmak, benimsetmek ve yaymak
amacıyla söz, yazı vb. yollarla gerçekleştirilen çalışma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">propagandist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. propagandiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tanıtıcı<br />
Piyasaya yeni çıkarılmış ilaç, kitap vb. şeyleri tanıtan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prosedür</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. procédure</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. işlem, 2. yöntem<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir amaca ulaşmak için tutulan yol ve yöntem. <b>2. </b>Bir
amaca erişmek için izlenen, tutulan yol, usul, sistem.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">proses</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. process</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
süreç<br />
Aralarında birlik olan veya belli bir düzen veya zaman içinde tekrarlanan,
ilerleyen, gelişen olay ve hareketler dizisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prospektüs</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. prospectus</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tanıtmalık<br />
İlaçların bileşimi, yan etkileri vb. ile nasıl kullanılacağını anlatan
bilgileri içeren tanıtma yazısı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">protez</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. prothèse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>tıp </i>takma, 2. <i>db. </i>ön ses türemesi<br />
<b>1. </b>Eksik bir organın yerini tutmak, bir organın sakatlığını örtmek
amacıyla yapılan (organ veya parça). <b>2. </b>Aslında kelimede
bulunmayan bir ünlü veya ünsüzün ön seste belirmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prototip</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. prototype</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. ilk örnek, 2. model<br />
<b>1. </b>Örneklik eden biçim veya nesne. <b>2. </b>Tasarlanan
ürünün tanıtım veya deneme amacıyla üretilen ilk örneği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">providansiyalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
providentialisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>kayracılık<br />
Evrendeki bütün olayları tanrısal sebebe dayandıran, insanların ancak Tanrı
kayrasıyla, bağışıyla kurtulabileceğini ileri süren öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">provokasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. provocation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kışkırtma<br />
Herhangi bir kişiye, gruba, kuruluşa veya devlete karşı girişilen ve onları
sonradan ağır sonuçlar verecek bir karşı eylemde bulunmaya zorlayan, önceden
tasarlanmış girişim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">provokatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. provocateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kışkırtmacı<br />
Kışkırtma işini yapan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">provoke</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. provoqué</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kışkırtılmış<br />
Kötü bir iş yapması için harekete geçirilmiş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prömiyer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. première</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tiy. </i>ilk gösteri<br />
Sahneye konulan oyunun ilk temsili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">psikanaliz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. psychanalyse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh. b. </i>ruhsal çözümleme<br />
Freud'un geliştirdiği, insanın uyumlu veya uyumsuz davranışlarının kaynağı
sayılan, bilinçaltı çatışma ve güdüleri araştırıp bilince çıkararak davranış
sorunlarını çözme yöntemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">psikolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. psychologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ruh bilimci<br />
Ruh bilimi ile uğraşan uzman.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">psikoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. psychologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ruh bilimi<br />
Duyum, heyecan, düşünme vb. olguları ve bunların yasalarını inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">psikolojik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. psychologique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. ruh bilimsel, 2. ruhsal<br />
<b>1. </b>Ruh bilimi ile ilgili olan. <b>2. </b>Ruhla ilgili
olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">psikolojizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. psychologisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ruh bilimcilik<br />
Ruh bilimiyle uğraşma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">psikometri</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. psychométrie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>ruh ölçümü<br />
Ruhsal süreçlerin ölçülmesinde kullanılan, araçları ve yöntemleri gerektiren
bir ruh bilimi dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">psikopat</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. psychopathe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
akıl hastası<br />
Akıl hastalığına tutulmuş kişi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">psikopati</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. psychopathie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
akıl hastalığı<br />
Düşünme, anlama, kavrama, karar verme, önlem alma vb. yeteneklerdeki eksiklik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">psişik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. psychique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>ruhsal<br />
<b>1. </b>Ruhla ilgili olan. <b>2. </b>Ruh bilimi ile ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pusula</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. bussola</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yön belirteci<br />
Üzerinde kuzey güney doğrultusunu gösteren bir mıknatıs iğnesi bulunan ve yön
tespit etmek için kullanılan kadranlı araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">puzzle</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. puzzle</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yapboz<br />
Kesilmiş resim parçacıklarını birbirine uygun duruma getirerek resmi yeniden
oluşturmaya dayanan bir tür çocuk oyunu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pülverizatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. pulvérisateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
püskürteç<br />
Sıvıları ve toz durumundaki maddeleri gaz veya toz durumunda saçmaya, atmaya
yarayan tulumba veya körük biçimindeki aygıt, püskürme makinesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pünez</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. punaise</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
raptiye<br />
Düz, geniş başlı, kısa bir çivi görünüşünde, kâğıt veya karton vb. şeyleri bir
yere tutturmak için kullanılan araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pürist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. puriste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>dil b. </i>özleştirmeci<br />
Özleştirmecilik yanlısı olan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">pürizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. purisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>dil b. </i>özleştirmecilik<br />
Bir dili yabancı ögelerden arıtarak arı, katışıksız bir duruma getirmeyi ve
kendi imkânlarıyla geliştirmeyi amaçlayan çalışma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-18325997470394562252017-06-22T03:48:00.003-07:002017-06-22T08:29:25.598-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - Ö<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-oD-RORWkwVA/WUvD9OHFFrI/AAAAAAAAAes/1s-y2MuBb34fL8H0b1jlGlzECgurlUArACEwYBhgL/s1600/%25C3%2596.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="301" data-original-width="480" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-oD-RORWkwVA/WUvD9OHFFrI/AAAAAAAAAes/1s-y2MuBb34fL8H0b1jlGlzECgurlUArACEwYBhgL/s1600/%25C3%2596.png" /></a></div>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ötanazi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. euthanasie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ölme hakkı<br />
İyileşme olasılığı olmayan hastaların veya yaşamını kendi başına sürdüremeyecek
ölçüde sakat olan kimselerin yaşamını sona erdirme hakkı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-64594582053694348512017-06-22T03:48:00.000-07:002017-06-22T08:29:10.040-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - O<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">obelisk</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. obélisque</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dikili taş<br />
Önemli bir olayın durumu veya bir zaferin anısı için dikilmiş tek parça yüksek
taş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">obje</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. objet</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>nesne<br />
Öznenin dışında kalan her konu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">objektif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. objectif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>nesnel<br />
Bireyin kişisel görüşünden bağımsız olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">objektivist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. objectiviste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>nesnelci<br />
Nesnelcilik yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">objektivite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. objectivité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
nesnellik<br />
Nesnel olma veya nesnelerin gerçeğine dayanma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">objektivizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. objectivisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>nesnelcilik<br />
Öznenin değil nesnenin gerçekliğine dayanan bilgileri arayan akıl yolu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">observatuvar</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. observatoire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>gözlemevi<br />
Gök gözlemleri yapan, gök cisimlerini ve olaylarını inceleyen yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">obsesif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. obsessive</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>takıntılı<br />
Takıntısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">obsesyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. obsession</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>takıntı<br />
Bir şeye hastalık derecesinde düşkünlük.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">obstrüksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. obstruction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
engelleme<br />
Siyasi kuruluşlar vb.nde tartışma yöntemlerinin bütün imkânlarından
yararlanılarak kanunların tartışılmasını ve oylanmasını düzenli bir biçimde
önlemek, geciktirmek amacıyla yapılan girişimler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">oditoryum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. auditorium</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
etkinlik merkezi<br />
Konserlere, konferanslara elverişli dinleme salonu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">odyovizüel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. audio-visuel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
görsel-işitsel<br />
Görme ve işitme duyularıyla ilgili olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ofans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. offence</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>atak<br />
Gol atmak veya sayı kazanmak amacıyla yapılan akın.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ofansif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. offensive</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>atağa dayalı<br />
Hücum esas alarak kurulan (oyun düzeni).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">off-line</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. off-line</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bl. </i>çevrim dışı<br />
Bilgisayar sisteminde sunucuya bağlı ve çalışır durumda olmama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">off-road</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. off-road</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>arazi yarışı<br />
Her türlü arazi koşulunda özel motorlu araçlarla yapılan yarış.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">off-shore</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. off-shore</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>kıyı bankacılığı<br />
Bir ülkede vergi mevzuatı, kambiyo sınırlamaları dışında faaliyetini sürdüren
bankacılık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ofset</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. offset</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
düz baskı<br />
Basım işlerinde kâğıt, plastik film vb. malzemelerin ön veya üst yüzeyine
yapılan baskı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">oftalmolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ophtalmologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
göz bilimci<br />
Göz bilimiyle uğraşan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">oftalmoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ophtalmologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
göz bilimi<br />
Gözün yapısının, çalışmasının ve hastalıklarının incelendiği hekimlik dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">okazyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. occasion</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. fırsat, 2. kelepir<br />
<b>1. </b>Herhangi bir şey için en uygun zaman, uygun durum veya şart. <b>2. </b>Değerinden
çok aşağı bir fiyatla alınan veya alınabilecek olan şey.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">oksidasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. oxydation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. paslanma, 2. paslandırma<br />
<b>1. </b>Paslanmak işi. <b>2. </b>Paslandırmak işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">okside</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. oxydé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
paslanmış, paslandırılmış<br />
Paslandırmak anlamındaki <b>okside etmek</b>, paslanmak anlamındaki <b>okside
olmak</b> birleşik fiillerinde geçer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">okültizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. occultisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gizlicilik<br />
Özellikle ruhlar dünyasıyla ve evrenin bilinmeyen güçleriyle ilgili bilgi
dünyasına dayalı çeşitli kuramlar, uygulamalar ve ayinler için kullanılan genel
ad.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">oligarşi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. oligarchie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>takım erki<br />
Siyasal gücün birkaç kişilik bir grubun elinde toplandığı yönetim,
aristokrasinin daralmış biçimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">oligopol</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. oligopoly</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>azel<br />
Sunumun birkaç satıcı tarafından yapıldığı ve bu az sayıdaki satıcının
birbirlerinin üretim kararlarından etkilendiği piyasa türü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">oligopson</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. oligopsony</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>az alıcı<br />
Çok sayıda satıcıya karşılık sınırlı sayıda alıcının bulunduğu, dolayısıyla her
alıcının satın alacağı miktar ve satıcıya ödeyeceği fiyatın, rakip alıcıların
miktar ve fiyatlarını etkileyebileceği piyasa türü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ombudsman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. ombudsman</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>huk. </i>kamu denetçisi<br />
Parlamento tarafından görevlendirilen, vatandaşları resmî makamların keyfî ve
yasa dışı davranışlarına karşı korumakla görevli kişi veya kurum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">on-line</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. on-line</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bl. </i>çevrim içi<br />
Bilgisayar sisteminde sunucuya bağlı ve çalışır durumda olma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">onomatope</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. onomatopée</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>yansıma<br />
Doğa seslerine benzer seslerle yapılan kelime.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">onomatopeik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. onomatopéique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>yansımalı<br />
Tabiat seslerini andıran seslerle yapılmış (kelime).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ontogenez</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ontogénèse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>birey oluş<br />
Yumurtanın döllenmesinden bireyin yetkin duruma gelmesine kadar geçirdiği
gelişim evrelerinin bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ontoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ontologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
varlık bilimi<br />
Konu olarak eski Yunan felsefesinden beri ele alınan ve Aristoteles'in ilk
felsefe, adını verdiği, var olanların özü üzerine bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">operasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. opération</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. dizi eylem, 2. <i>ask. </i>harekât, 3. <i>tıp </i>ameliyat<br />
<b>1. </b>Elde edilecek sonuç için alınan önlem ve yürütülen işlemlerin
bütünü. <b>2. </b>Belli bir amaç gözetilerek bir askerî birliğe
yaptırılan manevra, çarpışma, çevirme, kovalama vb. işler. <b>3. </b>Hasta
üzerinde tedavi amacıyla uygulanan kesme ve dikme işlemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">operatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. opérateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. cerrah, 2. <i>bl. </i>işletmen<br />
<b>1. </b>Ameliyat yapan uzman hekim. <b>2. </b>Bilgisayar vb.
teknik aletleri işleten kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">oportünist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. opportuniste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
fırsatçı<br />
Duruma göre davranan, içinde bulunduğu şartları değerlendirmeyi bilen kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">oportünizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. opportunisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
fırsatçılık<br />
Güç durumlarda, davranışlarını ahlak kuralları veya düzenli bir düşünceden çok,
çıkarlarına uyacak biçimde ayarlamayı amaçlayan tutum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">opsiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. option</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. bekletme süresi<i>, </i>2. <i>ekon. </i>ek gün<i>, </i>3. <i>tic. </i>ek
süre<br />
<b>1. </b>Vapur, uçak vb.nde önceden ödeme yapmadan belli bir tarih için
yer ayırtma. <b>2. </b>Bankacılıkta borç senetlerinin, bankalara
ödenmesi için vade tarihinden başlayarak tanınan iki gün. <b>3. </b>Bir
alışverişin karara bağlanması için genellikle satıcının alıcıya tanıdığı süre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">opsiyonel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. optionel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
isteğe bağlı<br />
İsteğe bağlı anlamında kullanılan bir söz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">optimal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. optimal</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>ve<i> mat. </i>en uygun<br />
En iyi, en uygun, en yüksek anlamlarında kullanılan bir söz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">optimist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. optimiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
iyimser<br />
Genellikle her düşünce ve işi iyi olarak değerlendiren.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">optimizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. optimisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>mat. </i>en uygun duruma getirme<br />
Mümkün olan en iyi duruma getirme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">optimizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. optimisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>iyimserlik<br />
<b>1. </b>Genellikle her düşünce ve işi iyi olarak değerlendiren bir tutum
veya kişilik özelliği. <b>2. </b>Her şeyi en iyi yanından gören, her
durumda iyi bir çıkış yolu uman dünya görüşü. <b>3. </b>İnsanlığın
ilerlemesine, bütün durum ve şartların iyiye gideceğine inanan öğretilerin
genel adı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">optimum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. optimum</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
uygun değer<br />
Bir amaca ulaşabilmek için bir değişkenin alabileceği en elverişli, en iyi
durum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ordövr</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hors-doeuvre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yemekaltı<br />
Yemekten önce sofraya getirilen soğuk yiyecekler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">organizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. organisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
düzenleme<br />
Düzenlemek işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">organizatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. organisateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
düzenleyici<br />
Herhangi bir işi, kuruluşu gerçekleştirip düzenli sonuç alınmasını üstlenen
kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">organize</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. organisé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. düzenli, örgütlü, 2. düzenleme<br />
<b>1. </b>Düzeni olan, <b>2. </b>Örgütlenmiş olan, <b>3. </b>Düzenlemek
işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">orijinal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. original</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
özgün<br />
Yalnız kendine özgü bir nitelik taşıyan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">orijinalite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. originalité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
özgünlük<br />
Özgün olma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ornitolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ornithologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kuş bilimci<br />
Kuş bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ornitoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ornithologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kuş bilimi<br />
Kuşları inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ornitorenk</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ornithorynque</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>hay. b. </i>gagalı memeli<br />
Tek deliklilerin gagalı memeliler familyasından, vücudu yumuşak tüylerle kaplı,
eti yenen, Avustralya ve Tasmanya ırmaklarında yaşayan bir memeli türü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">orografya</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Yun.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dağ bilimi<br />
Yeryüzü biçimlerini genellikle de dağların özelliklerini ve dış görünüşlerini
inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">orojeni</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. orogénie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>jeol. </i>dağ oluşu<br />
Yer kabuğunun belli yerlerinde kıvrılma, kırılma ve yükselme olayları sonucu
dağların oluşunu inceleyen bilim kolu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">oryantalist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. orientaliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
Doğu bilimci<br />
Doğu bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">oryantalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. orientalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
Doğu bilimi<br />
Avrupa'ya göre doğuda yer alan ulusların dillerini, tarihlerini, kültür ve
törelerini inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">oryantasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. orientation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. yönlendirme, 2. uyumlanma , 3. eğitme<br />
<b>1. </b>Yönlendirmek işi. <b>2. </b>Uyumlanmak işi. <b>3. </b>Eğitmek
işi, terbiye etme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">oryantiring</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. orienteering</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yönbul<br />
Her türlü arazide harita ve pusula yardımıyla katılımcıların denetim
noktalarını bulmaya çalıştıkları bir doğa sporu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">osteolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ostéologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kemik bilimci<br />
Kemik bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">osteoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ostéologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kemik bilimi<br />
Anatominin kemiklerle ilgili bölümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">oşinografi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. oceonography</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
deniz bilimi<br />
Okyanus ve denizlerin fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik özellikleri üzerine
deneysel araştırmalar yapan bilim kolu, ana deniz bilimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">otizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. autisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>içe yöneliklik<br />
Gerçeklerden kaçarak hayalî olaylara bağlılığı geliştirme ve düşünceleri,
genellikle dileklerin yönetmesine bırakma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">otoban</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Autobahn</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
otoyol<br />
Hızlı bir trafik akımı sağlamak amacıyla yapılan, çok şeritli, çift yönlü geniş
yol.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">otobiyografi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. autobiographie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ed. </i>öz yaşam öyküsü<br />
Bir kişinin kendi yaşam öyküsü üzerine yazdığı yazı veya eser.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">otobiyografik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
autobiographique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
öz yaşam öyküsüne dayalı<br />
Bir kişinin kendi yaşam öyküsü üzerine yazdığı esere dayalı olarak yapılmış.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">otodidakt</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. autodidacte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
öz öğrenimli<br />
Bir okula gitmeden kendi kendini yetiştiren.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">otojestiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. autogestion</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
öz yönetim<br />
Öğretim kuruluşlarında, öğrencilerin yönetmeliklere ve okul kurallarına göre
söz ve karar sahibi olmaları ilkesine dayanan yönetim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">otokontrol</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. autocontrôle</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>öz denetim<br />
Daha önemli bir amaca ulaşabilmek için kişinin tepkilerini, davranışlarını veya
başka amaca yönelme eğilimini denetleyip kısıtlaması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">otokritik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. autocritique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
öz eleştiri<br />
Bir kişinin kendi davranışları üzerine yönelttiği yargı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">otokton</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. autochtone</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yerli<br />
Bir yerin ilk sakini olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">otolit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. otolite</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>işitme taşı<br />
Omurgalılarda ve bazı omurgasızlarda denge organı olan, iç kulakta bulunan
kalker parçacıkları.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">otomasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. automation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
özişler<br />
Endüstride, yönetimde ve bilimsel işlerde insan aracılığı olmadan işlerin
otomatik olarak yapılması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">otonom</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. autonome</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
özerk<br />
Bir üst organa bağlı olmakla beraber ayrı bir yasayla kendini yönetme yetkisi
olan (kuruluş, devlet vb.).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">otonomi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. autonomie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
özerklik<br />
Bir topluluğun, bir kuruluşun ayrı bir yasaya bağlı olarak kendi kendini
yönetme hakkı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">otorizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. autorisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yetkilendirim<br />
Yetkilendirme işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">otosist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. autocyste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>işitme kesesi<br />
Suda yaşayan bazı omurgasız hayvanlardan, işitme taşını içinde bulunduran
akışkan sıvılı organ.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ototrof</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. autotrophe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>özbeslenen<br />
Besinini bağımsız olarak sağlayan, inorganik azot, azotlu madde ve CO2'den
protein ve karbonhidratların sentezini yapabilen (bitki).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ototrofi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. autotrophie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>öz beslenme<br />
Besinini bağımsız olarak sağlama, inorganik azot, azotlu maddeler ve
karbonhidratların sentezini yapabilme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">outlet center</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. outlet center</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
indirim merkezi<br />
Mağazaların seri sonu mallarını ucuz olarak sattığı alışveriş yeri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">overnight</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. overnight</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>gecelik<br />
Bir gece içinde olan, gerçekleşen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ozmoz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. osmose</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>geçişme<br />
Yarı geçirgen bir çeperin iki yanına yerleştirilmiş, derişikliği farklı iki
sıvıdan oluşan yer değiştirme olayı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ozokerit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ozokérite</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>jeol. </i>yer mumu<br />
Petrol ve terebentin içinde eriyen, doğal hidrokarbonlardan oluşan bir tür mum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ozonometre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ozonomètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>ozonölçer<br />
Atmosferdeki ozon niceliğini tespit etmeye yarayan alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ozonosfer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ozonosphère</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>ozon yuvarı<br />
Atmosferin 15-40 kilometre arasında bulunan tabakası.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-31446703549440574472017-06-22T03:44:00.002-07:002017-06-22T08:28:54.897-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - N<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">narkotik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. narcotique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
uyuşturucu<br />
Uyuşturma özelliği olan, uyuşturan (madde).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">narsisizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. narcissisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>özseverlik<br />
Kişinin kendi bedensel ve ruhsal benliğine karşı duyduğu hayranlık ve bağlılık,
narsistlik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">narsist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. narcissist</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>özsever<br />
Kendi benliğine bağlanan, hayran olan (kimse).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nasyonalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nationalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
milliyetçilik<br />
Maddi ve manevi açılardan millet ve ülkesinin çıkarlarını her şeyin üstünde
tutma anlayışı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nativizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nativisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>doğuştancılık<br />
Herhangi bir canlı türünün yapısal ve görevsel gelişiminde yaşantı, öğrenme vb.
edinilmiş faktörlere değil, kalıtımla ilgili olanlara ağırlık ve öncelik veren
görüş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">natür</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nature</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
doğa<br />
Kendi kuralları çerçevesinde sürekli gelişen, değişen canlı ve cansız
varlıkların hepsi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">natüralizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. naturalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>doğalcılık<br />
Gerçeğin yalnız doğa ile açıklanması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">natürel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. naturel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
doğal<br />
Doğada rastlandığı gibi, doğaya uygun olan, doğa güçlerine, kurallarına uyan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">natürizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. naturisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>doğacılık<br />
Toplumsal kuruşların ve yaşayış biçiminin doğaya dönük olmasını amaç edinen
öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">natürmort</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nature morte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ölüdoğa<br />
Konusu, cansız varlıklar veya nesneler olan resim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">navigasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. navigation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>den. </i>yolbul<br />
Yol ve belirlenen yeri bulma işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">navigatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. navigateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yolbil<br />
Taşıtlarda belirlenen noktaya ulaşmak için yön bulmayı sağlayan aygıt.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nazal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nasal</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>genizsil<br />
Genizde oluşan (ses).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nebülöz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nébuleuse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>bulutsu<br />
Uzayda gaz ve toz bulutu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">negatif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. négatif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. olumsuz, 2. <i>mat. </i>eksi<br />
<b>1. </b>Yapıcı ve yararlı olmayan, hiçbir sonuca ulaşmayan, gözetilen
amaca veya beklenilene uygun olmayan. <b>2. </b>Sıfırdan küçük,
önünde eksi işareti bulunan (sayı).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nekrofil</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. necrophile</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ölü sevici<br />
Ölü seven, ölü ile cinsel ilişkide bulunan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nekrofili</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. necrophilie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ölü sevicilik<br />
Ölü sevici olma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">neolojizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. néologisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>türenti<br />
Söz türetmecilik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">neoplatonizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. néoplatonisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>yeni Platonculuk<br />
İskenderiye'de milattan sonra III. yüzyılda ortaya çıkan ve VII. yüzyıla kadar
okullarda okutulan felsefe öğretisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">network</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. network</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bilgisayar ağı<br />
Aynı bilgi kaynaklarını paylaşan çok sayıda iletişim hatlarıyla birbirine bağlı
bilgisayar şebekesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nevrasteni</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. neurasthénie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>sinir argınlığı<br />
Baş ağrıları, sindirim güçlükleri vb. fiziksel rahatsızlıklar ve ruhsal
görevlerde gevşeme ve bitkinlik biçiminde görülen, sinirsel güçlerin
zayıflamasından doğan nevroz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nevropat</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. névropathe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>sinir hastası<br />
Sinir hastalığına tutulmuş olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">new wave</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. new wave</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yeni dalga<br />
Herhangi bir ülkede belirli bir dönemde birdenbire ortaya çıkan genç
yönetmenler topluluğu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nickname</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. nickname</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
takma ad<br />
Kendi adından başka eğreti alınan ad.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nihilist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nihiliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>yokçu<br />
Nihilizm yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nihilizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nihilisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>yokçuluk<br />
Her türlü gerçek varlığı inkâr eden aşırı bireycilik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nimbus</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>meteor. </i>kara bulut<br />
Koyu esmer renkte büyük yağmur bulutu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">no-frost</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. no-frost</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
karlanmaz<br />
Dondurucu bölümünde karlanma ve buzlanma olmayan buzdolabı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nod</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. nod</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>tıp </i>yumru, 2. <i>bl. </i>düğüm<br />
<b>1. </b>Genellikle derinin içine gömülü, yuvarlak ve sert oluşum. <b>2. </b>Bilgisayar
ağında başka birimlerle iletişim kurma yeteneği olan yazıcı, sunucu, bilgisayar
vb. birim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nodül</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. nodule</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>düğümcük<br />
Ufak düğüm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nomanklatür</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
adlar dizgesi<br />
Belli bir alan için bağlayıcı olan adlandırmaların bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nominal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nominal</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. saymaca, 2. <i>ekon. </i>yazılı<br />
<b>1. </b>Gerçekte öyle olmadığı hâlde öyleymiş gibi kabul edilen,
itibari. <b>2. </b>Geçerli olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nominal price</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. nominal price</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yazılı fiyat<br />
Hisse senedi, tahvil vb. için üzerinde belirtilmiş fiyat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nominal value</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. nominal value</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yazılı değer<br />
Hisse senedi, tahvil vb. için üzerinde belirtilmiş değer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nominalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nominalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>adcılık<br />
Kavramların gerçek varlıklar olduğunu kabul eden, kavram gerçekliğine karşıt
olarak tümel kavramların yalnızca nesnelerin adları olduğunu ileri süren görüş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nominatif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nominatif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>yalın durum<br />
Ad soyundan sözün taşıdığı kavramı ek almadan bildiren durum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">non-stop</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. non-stop</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
duraksız<br />
Otobüs mola vermeden, duraklarda durmadan (gitmek).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">norm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. norme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>ve<i> top. b. </i>düzgü<br />
Yargılama ve değerlendirmenin kendisine göre yapıldığı ölçüt, uyulması gereken
kural.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">normatif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. normatif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>fel. </i>ve<i> top. b. </i>düzgüsel, 2. düzgüsüz<br />
<b>1. </b>Kurallarla, yasalarla ilgili olan, kural, yasa koyan. <b>2. </b>Düzgüye
uymayan, düzgüsü olmayan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nostalji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nostalgie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gündedün, geçmişseverlik<br />
Geçmişte kalan güzelliklere olan özlem duygusu ve bu duygunun baskın bir duruma
gelmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nosyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. notion</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>kavram<br />
Nesnelerin veya olayların ortak özelliklerini kapsayan ve bir ortak ad altında
toplayan genel tasarım.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">notebook</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. notebook</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dizüstü<br />
Bilgisayarın her türlü donanımı ile küçültülerek taşınabilir duruma getirilmiş
biçimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nöroşirürji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. neurochirurgie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>beyin cerrahisi<br />
Hastanelerde beyin konusunda ameliyat yapabilen bölüm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nöroşirürjiyen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
neurochirurgien</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>beyin cerrahı<br />
Beyin konusunda uzmanlık yapmış cerrah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nötr</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. neutre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. etkisiz, 2. <i>kim. </i>yansız<br />
<b>1. </b>Etkisi olmayan. <b>2. </b>Turnusol gibi bir ayıraç
karşısında, asit ve alkali tepkisi göstermeyen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nötralizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. neutralisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz.</i> ve<i> kim. </i>yansızlaştırma<br />
Asit veya alkali niteliğini yok etme, etkisiz hâle getirme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nötralize</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. neutralize</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yansızlaştırılmış<br />
Yansızlaştırılmak anlamında nötralize etmek birleşik fiilinde geçer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nötralizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. neutralisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>ve<i> kim. </i>yansızlık<br />
Asit veya alkali niteliği yok olma, etkisiz hâle gelme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">numerik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nemérique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sayısal<br />
Sayı ile ilgili, sayıya dayanan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nü</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nu</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. çıplak, 2. çıplak resim<br />
<b>1. </b>Soyunmuş durumda olan vücudun resmi. <b>2. </b>Resim
sanatında çıplak insanı konu alan bir resim türü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nüans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nuance</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. ayırtı, 2. ince ayrım<br />
<b>1. </b>Aynı cinsten olan şeyler arasındaki ince fark. <b>2. </b>En
küçük ayrıntı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nütasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. nutation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>üğrüm<br />
Çoğunlukla ayın neden olduğu, yerin dönme ekseninin yaptığı koni hareketindeki
dönemsel salınım.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-65666403340211053632017-06-22T03:23:00.002-07:002017-06-22T08:28:41.814-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar- M<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">maç</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. match</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>karşılaşma<br />
İki sporcu veya iki takım arasında, karşılıklı olarak kazanmak amacıyla yapılan
yarışma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">majüskül</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. majuscule</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>büyük harf<br />
Özel adlarla cümle başları gibi yerlerde kullanılan ve büyük yazılan harf.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">makro</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. macro</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
geniş, büyük<br />
<b>1. </b>Alanı büyük olan. <b>2. </b>Kapsamı büyük, dar
sınırlar içinde kalmayan, yaygın. <b>3. </b>Boyutları, benzerlerinden
daha fazla olan (somut nesne).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">makroekonomi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. macroéconomie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>bütüncü ekonomi<br />
Belli bir dönemdeki ekonomik etkinlik düzeyini belirleyen ve ekonomik
büyüklükler arasındaki ilişkileri açıklayan ekonomi dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">maksimal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. maximale</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
en çok, en büyük, en yüksek<br />
En çok, en büyük, en yüksek anlamlarında kullanılır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">maksimum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. maximum</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
en çok, en büyük, en yüksek<br />
Değişebilen bir niceliğin varabileceği en yüksek olan (sınır).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">malarya</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. malaria</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>sıtma<br />
Anofel türü sivrisineğin sokmasıyla insandan insana bulaşan, titreme, ateş ve
ter nöbetleriyle kendini gösteren bir hastalık, ısıtma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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alışveriş merkezi<br />
Birçok şirketin, firmanın veya mağazanın bir arada bulunduğu alışveriş yeri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">management</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. management</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
işletme, işletmecilik, yönetim, yöneticilik<br />
Bir kuruluşu verimli bir duruma getirip kazanç sağlama yöntemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">manifesto</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. manifesto</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bildiri<br />
Resmî bir makam, kurum veya resmî olmayan bir örgüt, topluluk tarafından
herhangi bir durumu ilgililere duyurmak için yazılan yazı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">manipülasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. manipulation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yönlendirme<br />
İnsanları kendi bilgileri dışında veya istemedikleri hâlde etkileme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">manipülatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. manipulateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yönlendirici<br />
İnsanları kendi bilgileri dışında veya istemedikleri hâlde bilinçli ve amaçlı
olarak etkileyen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">manivela</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. manovella</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kaldıraç<br />
Az bir kuvvet ile büyük bir yükü kaldırmaya yarayan, bir dayanma noktası
üzerinde hareket edebilen, inip kalkabilen sert çubuk.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">manometre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. manomètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>basıölçer<br />
Buharın veya herhangi bir gazın bulunduğu kabın iç yüzeyine yaptığı basıncı
belirleyen alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mantalite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mentalité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
anlayış<br />
Bir toplum veya topluluktaki bireylerde görüş ve inanış etmenlerinin etkisiyle
beliren düşünme yolu, düşünüş biçimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">manuel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. manuel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. el kitabı, 2. elle.<br />
<b>1. </b>Herkesin kolaylıkla yararlanması için herhangi bir konuda,
pratik amaçlarla hazırlanan kitap. <b>2. </b>Elle yapılan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">marina</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. marina</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>den. </i>yat limanı<br />
Küçük teknelerin ve yatların barınabilmeleri için özel bir mendirekle çevrilen
veya bir liman içinde ayrılan deniz alanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">marj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. marge</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>pay<br />
Ticari bir işlemde zarar tehlikesine karşı ayrılan para.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">marjinal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. marginal</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. aykırı, 2. <i>mat. </i>son birim<br />
<b>1. </b>Toplumda görüş ve yaşayış biçimiyle uçlarda bulunan
(kimse). <b>2. </b>En sonda yer alan birim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">markaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. marquage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>tutma<br />
Bazı takım oyunlarında ayakla veya vücutla karşı takım oyuncusunun hareketine
engel olma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">marke</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. marqué</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
işaretlenmiş, belirtilmiş<br />
Takım oyunlarında karşı takımdaki bir oyuncuyu yakından izlemek, tutmak,
gölgelemek, markaja almak anlamındaki <b>marke etmek </b>birleşik
fiilinde geçer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">market maker</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. market maker</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>piyasa kurucu<br />
Piyasa oluşturan, alışveriş ortamını sağlayan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">marketing</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. marketing</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tic. </i>pazarlama<br />
Bir ürünün, bir malın, bir hizmetin satışını geliştirmek amacıyla tanıtmayı,
paketlemeyi, satış elemanlarının yetişmesini, piyasa gereksinimlerini
belirlemeyi ve karşılamayı içeren etkinliklerin bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">marşandiz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. marchandise</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yük treni<br />
Yük taşımada kullanılan tren, yük katarı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">maskot</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mascotte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
uğurluk<br />
Uğur sayılan kimse, hayvan veya nesne.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">maskulen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. masculin</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
erkeksi<br />
Erkeği andıran, erkeğe benzeyen, erkek gibi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">master</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. master</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yüksek lisans<br />
Lisans diplomasıyla doktora arasındaki akademik derece.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">matador</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. matador</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
boğa güreşçisi<br />
Boğa güreşi yapan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">materyal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. matériel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gereç<br />
Belirli bir işi yapmak için kullanılması gereken maddeler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">materyalist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. matérialiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>maddeci<br />
Maddecilikten yana olan (kimse veya görüş).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">materyalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. matérialisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>maddecilik<br />
Dünyada, yalnızca maddenin varlığını kabul eden, Tanrı, ruh vb. manevi
kavramları ret ve inkâr eden felsefi görüş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">matine</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. matinée</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gündüz gösterimi<br />
Tiyatro, sinema, konser salonu vb.nde yapılan gösteri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">matriarkal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. matriarcal</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>anaerkil<br />
Ana erki temeline dayanan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mazoşist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. masochiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>özezer<br />
Cinsel zevk almak için kendisine eziyet edilmesi gereken, eziyet çekerek cinsel
zevk alan sapık kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mazoşizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. masochisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>özezerlik<br />
Fiziksel acı veya aşağılatıcı davranışlarla doyuma ulaşma biçiminde beliren
cinsel sapkınlık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">meditasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. méditation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>dalınç<br />
<b>1. </b>Kendinden geçercesine sessiz bir coşkuya dalma. <b>2. </b>Günlük
hayatın sıkıntılarından sıyrılmak amacıyla bağdaş kurarak sessiz ve hareketsiz
bir biçimde düşüncelerden uzaklaşma, kendini dinleme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">medya</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. media</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. iletişim ortamı, 2. iletişim araçları<br />
<b>1. </b>Bildirişim, haberleşme veya komünikasyon imkânlarının sağlandığı
ortam. <b>2. </b>Toplumda sözlü veya yazılı haber alma imkânını
sağlayan teknik araçlar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mega</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Yun.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
büyük, dev, devasa, çok büyük<br />
Boyutları, benzerlerinden daha fazla olan (somut nesne).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">megalomani</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mégalomani</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>büyüklük hastalığı<br />
Kendini olduğundan daha büyük ve önemli görme, gösterme hastalığı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">megapol</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. megapolis</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
büyükşehir<br />
Merkezî idarenin vali yönetimindeki şehirlerinden nüfus ve ticaret bakımından
belli bir büyüklükte olanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">megastar</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. megastar</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
başyıldız<br />
Sinema, tiyatro veya müzikhol sanatçılarının en önde geleni.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">megastore</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. megastore</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
büyük mağaza<br />
Her türlü tüketim malının, özellikle yiyecek maddelerinin ve mutfak
gereçlerinin seçilip satın alınabildiği büyük satış yeri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mekanizma</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. meccanismo</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
düzenek<br />
Belli bir sonuca ulaşmak için karmaşık bir biçimde düzenlenmiş organ veya
parçalar birleşimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">melodi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mélodie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>müz. </i>ezgi<br />
<b>1. </b>Belli bir kurallara göre düzenlenmiş, kulağa hoş gelen ses
dizisi. <b>2. </b>Bir müzik parçasında baştan sona kadar belirli
yerlerde tekrarlanan ses dizisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">melodik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mélodique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ezgili<br />
Ezgisi olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">menajer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. manager</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yönetici<br />
Yönetme gücünü elinde bulunduran kişi, yöneten kişi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>tıp </i>yaş dönümü<br />
Kadınlarda gebe kalma ve doğurma yeteneğinin sona ermesi, âdetten kesilme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mentor</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mentor</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yönder<br />
Herhangi bir iş yerinde farklı görevlerde çalışarak deneyim kazanmış olan,
danışan kişinin hedefine ulaşmasını sağlayacak yolu bulmasına yardımcı kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">menü</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. menu</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yemek listesi<br />
Yemek yenilecek yerlerde mevcut yemekleri gösteren liste.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">meridyen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. méridien</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>boylam<br />
Yeryüzündeki herhangi bir noktanın meridyen çemberiyle başlangıç olarak alınan
Greenwich gözlemevinin meridyen çemberi arasındaki açı değeri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">meristem</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. méristème</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bit. b. </i>sürgen doku<br />
Bitkilerde kök ve sapların gelişebilecek durumda olan uç bölümlerindeki, çok
yüzlü, kolay üreyebilir hücrelerden oluşan bir doku türü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mesaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. message</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ileti<br />
Yazı veya sözle verilen, gönderilen bilgi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">metafizik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. métaphysique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>doğa ötesi<br />
Duyularımızla algılayamadığımız varlıkların sebeplerini ve temellerini
araştıran felsefe.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">metafor</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. métaphore</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ed. </i>mecaz<br />
Bir kelimeyi veya kavramı kabul edilenin dışında başka anlamlara gelecek
biçimde kullanma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">metalürji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. métallurgie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
metal bilimi<br />
Genellikle elementleri, özellikle metalleri saf olarak elde eden ve bunların
işleme tekniğini belirleyen kimya endüstrisi kolu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">metamorfizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. métamorphisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>jeol. </i>başkalaşım<br />
Bir kütlenin fiziki ve kimyasal özelliklerinin değişmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">metamorfoz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. métamorphose</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>başkalaşma<br />
Embriyo evresinden ergin olana değin bir hayvanın geçirdiği biçim ve yapı
değişimleri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">metapsişik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. métapsychique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>ruh ötesi<br />
Ruhlarla ilişki kurma, gelecekten haber verme gibi ruh biliminin kapsamına
girmeyen ve onun dışında incelenen olayları kapsayan (alan).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">metastaz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. métastase</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>yayılma<br />
Organizmanın herhangi bir noktasında bulunan bir hastalığın organizmanın başka
bir yerine sıçraması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>db. </i>göçüşme<br />
Bir kelime içinde birbirini izleyen iki ünsüzün yer değiştirmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>gök b. </i>gök taşı<br />
Gezegenlerin arasında hareket eden, tümüyle gaz durumuna geçmeden yeryüzüne
ulaşan katı cisim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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hava tahmincisi<br />
Havanın gelecek gün veya hafta içindeki durumunu birtakım verilere dayanıp
yaklaşık olarak ortaya koyan ve bunu haber kanallarına ileten kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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hava bilgisi<br />
Hava koşullarında meydana gelen değişmeleri, iklim türlerini araştırıp hava
durumu tahminlerinde bulunan bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">metodik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. méthodique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. yöntemli, 2. düzenli<br />
<b>1. </b>Belli bir yönteme dayanılarak yapılan, metotlu. <b>2. </b>Sistemli,
nizamlı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">metodoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. méthodologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yöntem bilimi<br />
Özellikle felsefe ve bilim alanında yöntem araştırmak ve yeni yöntemler
yaratmak için ilkeler geliştiren bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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yöntem bilimsel<br />
Yöntem bilimle ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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yöntem<br />
Bilimde belli bir sonuca erişmek için bir plana göre izlenen yol.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">metrdotel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. maître d'hôtel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
şef garson<br />
Garsonların başı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">metrik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. métrique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>mat.</i> ölçümlü<br />
Metre veya metreyi temel olarak alan ölçülerle ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">metropol</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. métropole</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ana kent<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir ülkenin veya bir bölgenin, çevresindeki yerleşim yerlerine
ekonomik ve toplumsal yönlerden hâkim olan ve genellikle ülkenin başka
ülkelerle olan her türlü ilişkisinin sağlandığı en önemli kenti. <b>2. </b>Bir
ülkede büyük kentlerden herhangi biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">metroseksüel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. metrosexual</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bakımlı erkek<br />
Görünüşe, giyimine kuşamına özen gösteren erkek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mezoderm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mésoderme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>orta deri<br />
Dış deri ve iç deri arasındaki hücre katmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mezosfer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mésosphère</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>orta yuvar<br />
Yer hava yuvarında kat yuvarının üzerinde, sıcaklığın azaldığı yaklaşık 60-80
kilometre arasındaki katman.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mezoterm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mésotherme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bit. b. </i>ılıkçıl<br />
Ortalama 15 °C sıcaklıkta yaşayan bitki.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">midi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. midi</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
orta<br />
<b>1. </b>Ne uzun ne kısa. <b>2. </b>Ne büyük ne küçük.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">migren</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. migraine</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>yarım baş ağrısı<br />
Kusma, mide bulantısı ile görülen, sempatik sinir sistemi dengesinin bozulmasından
ileri gelen baş ağrısı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mikoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mycologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
mantar bilimi<br />
Mantarların yapılarını, yaşayışlarını ve yol açtıkları hastalıkları inceleyen
bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mikro</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. micro</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
küçük, dar<br />
<b>1. </b>Boyutları, benzerlerininkinden daha ufak olan. <b>2. </b>Genişliği
az veya yetersiz olan, ensiz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mikrokredi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. micro + crédit</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon.</i> işçelik<br />
Küçük ölçekli iş kurmak için kullanılan kredi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mikser</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. mixer</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>tek. </i>çırpıcı, 2. <i>tek. </i>karmaç<br />
<b>1. </b>Pişirmeden önce malzemeyi çırpan, karıştıran elektrikli
alet. <b>2. </b>Pişirmeden önce malzemeyi çırpan, karıştıran
elektrikli alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">milenyum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. millenium</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
binyıl<br />
Bin yılı içine alan zaman dilimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">minerolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. minéralogue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
mineral bilimci<br />
Mineral bilimi ile uğraşan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mineroloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. minéralogie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
mineral bilimi<br />
Mineral ve billurlarla, onların fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerini inceleyen
bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">minimal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. minimal</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
en az, en küçük, en düşük<br />
En az, en küçük, en düşük anlamlarında kullanılır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">minimum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. minimum</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
en az, en küçük<br />
Değişken bir niceliğin inebileceği en alt olan (sınır).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">minüskül</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. miniscule</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>küçük harf<br />
Büyük harfin küçük yazılan türü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mistik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mystique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>fel. </i>gizemci, 2. gizemsel<br />
<b>1. </b>Gizemcilik yanlısı olan, ilahiyat veya gizemsel yaşamla
uğraşan. <b>2. </b>Gizemle ilgili, gizeme ilişkin.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">misyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mission</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. görev, 2. amaç<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir kimseye veya bir kurula verilen özel amaçlı görev. <b>2. </b>Bir
kimseye veya bir kurula verilen özel amaçlı görev.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">miyokart</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. myocarde</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>kalp kası<br />
Kalbin ana duvarını çeviren ve düzenli hareket edebilen kas örgüsü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mizanpaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mise en page</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sayfalama<br />
Sayfalamak işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mizansen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mise en scène</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>tiy. </i>düzentileme, 2. düzenti<br />
<b>1. </b>Yönetmenin oyuncuları oyuna uygun bir uyum içine sokması için
yaptığı hazırlık, çalışma. <b>2. </b>Bir şeyi, bir durumu olduğundan
değişik göstermek amacıyla hazırlanan düzen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mobilize</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mobilisé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
hareketli<br />
Hareketi olan, yer değiştirebilen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">modelaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. modelage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
oylumlama<br />
Kil, bal mumu gibi kolayca biçimlendirilebilen maddeleri, yapılacak heykellere
model hazırlamak üzere hacimli olarak biçimlendirme, taslak yapma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">modem</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mo(dulateur) dem(odulateur)</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bl. </i>çevirge<br />
Bilgisayar verilerini telefon hattı vb. iletişim hatları üzerinden gönderen
elektronik araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">modern</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. moderne</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çağdaş<br />
Bulunulan çağın anlayışına, şartlarına uygun olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">modernizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. modernisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çağdaşlaşma<br />
Çağdaşlaşmak işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">modernizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. modernisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çağdaşlık<br />
Çağdaş olma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">modifikasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. modification</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>değişke<br />
Her canlıda dış etkilerle ortaya çıkabilen, kalıtımla ilgili olmayan değişiklik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">modül</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. module</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
parça<br />
Birkaçı bir araya geldiğinde bir bütünü oluşturan şeylerin her biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">modüler</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. modulaire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
parçalı<br />
Mobilyacılıkta, parçalara ayrılarak yeniden başka biçimlerde oluşturulabilen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">monarşi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. monarchie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>tek erklik<br />
Siyasi otoritenin genellikle miras yolu ile bir kişinin üzerinde toplandığı
devlet düzeni veya rejim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">monarşist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. monarchiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>tek erkçi<br />
Monarşizme ilişkin, bu rejimi benimseyen ve savunan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">monarşizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. monarchisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>tek erkçilik<br />
Monarşi yanlılarının siyasi öğretisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">monist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. monist</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>tekçi<br />
Tekçilik taraflısı olan, tekçilikle ilgisi olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">monitör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. moniteur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>ve<i> tek. </i>göstergeç<br />
<b>1. </b><i>fiz. </i>Işının yeğinlik düzeyini algılayıp ölçen
alet. <b>2. </b><i>fiz. </i>Ses dalgası iletiminde, iletimi
bozmadan ve kesmeden niteliğini denetleyen alet. <b>3. </b><i>tek. </i>Televizyon,
bilgisayar vb.nde görüntü ile sesin niteliğini eşleme, görüntü seçimini
gerçekleştirme, görüntüyü yayımlama gibi işlerin denetlenmesinde kullanılan
alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">monizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. monisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>tekçilik<br />
<b>1. </b>Gerçekliğin temeli olarak yalnızca tek bir ilkeyi benimseyen
dünya görüşü. <b>2. </b>Gerçekliğin herhangi bir organ gibi bölünmez
bir bütün olduğuna ve bağımsız parçaları bulunmadığına inanan öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">monoblok</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. monobloc</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tekgövde<br />
Parçalara ayrılmayan, bütün olarak bulunan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">monogam</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. monogame</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tek eşli<br />
Eşi bir tek olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">monogami</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. monogamie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>tek eşlilik<br />
Kadının veya erkeğin karşı cinsten yalnız bir kişiyle evlenebilmesini
onaylayan, birden çok kadınla veya erkekle evlenmeyi yasaklayan evlilik biçimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">monopol</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. monopole</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tekel<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir malın yapımının yalnızca bir kuruluşun elinde bulunduğu
durum. <b>2. </b>Devletin herhangi bir üretim alanını elinde tutması,
satışı tek elden yönetmesi ve fiyata hâkim olması durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">monoteist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. monothéiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>tek tanrıcı<br />
Tek tanrıcılığa inanan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">monoteizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. monothéisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>tek tanrıcılık<br />
İnsanın, doğada ve toplumda, ilk veya değişmez sebebi araştırmasına yol açan
tarihsel şartların etkisiyle her şeye gücü yeten bir tek tanrı düşüncesine
varması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">monoton</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. monotone</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tekdüze<br />
Değişmeksizin, düzenli, aynı biçimde tekrarlanan, sürüp giden.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">montaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. montage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sin. </i>ve<i> TV </i>kurgu<br />
Bir filmin değişik süre ve yerlerde çekilen bölümlerini, bir anlam ve uyum
bütünlüğü sağlayarak birleştirme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">moralist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. moraliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>ahlakçı<br />
Her şeyi ahlak açısından değerlendiren.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">moralizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. moralisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>ahlakçılık<br />
Ahlakı bir araç değil, bir amaç sayan öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">moratoryum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. moratorium</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>erteletim<br />
Çok bunalımlı dönemlerde bir ülkede, bölgede, bir bölüm veya tüm borçlardaki
ödeme zorunluluğunun geri bırakılması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">moren</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. moraine</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>min. </i>buzul taş<br />
Buzulların taşıyıp biriktirdikleri, üzerleri çok kez parıltılı veya çizikli
taşlar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">morfem</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. morphème</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>biçim birimi<br />
Kelimelere dil bilgisi bakımından biçim veren, çoğu ek durumunda olan öge.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">morfoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. morphologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>db. </i>yapı bilgisi, 2. yapı bilimi<br />
<b>1. </b>Kelimelerin yapısını, türeme yollarını ve çekim biçimlerini
içeren bilgi. <b>2. </b>Bitkilerde ve canlılarda organların
yapılarını, biçimlerini, biçimleriyle görevleri arasındaki ilgiyi inceleyen
bilim kolu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mortgage</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. mortgage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tic. </i>tutulu satış > tutsat<br />
Bir taşınmazın ipotek edilmek suretiyle uzun vadeli krediyle satın alınması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">morto</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. morto</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ölü<br />
Hayatı sona ermiş olan, artık yaşamıyor olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">motivasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. motivation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. isteklendirme, 2. güdüleme<br />
<b>1. </b>İsteklendirmek işi. <b>2. </b>Güdülemek işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">motive</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. motivé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
isteklendirilmiş, güdülenmiş<br />
İsteklendirmek, güdülemek anlamındaki <b>motive etmek</b>, isteklenmek,
güdülenmek anlamındaki <b>motive olmak</b> birleşik fiillerinde
geçer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">motto</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. motto</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
özdeyiş, slogan<br />
Bir düşünceyi, bir duyguyu, bir ilkeyi kısa ve kesin bir biçimde anlatan,
genellikle kim tarafından söylendiği bilinen özlü söz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mouse</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. mouse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bl. </i>fare<br />
Düz bir yüzey üzerinde yuvarlanan bir top aracılığıyla imlecin hareketini
sağlayan elektronik araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mukoza</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>sümük doku<br />
Üzerinde çok sayıda ince memecik ve salgı bezi delikleri bulunan, iç organları
kaplayan koruyucu doku.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">multimedya</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. multimedia</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bl. </i>çoklu ortam<br />
Bilgisayarda metin, grafik, ses ve canlandırma ögelerini birleştirerek sunan
ortam.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">multivizyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. multivision</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çoklu gösterim<br />
Görsel veya işitsel iletişim araçlarını bir arada kullanarak herhangi bir
konuyu daha yönlü tanıtma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mutasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mutation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>değişinim<br />
Doğada ve toplumda nitelikle ilgili değişmelerin yavaş yavaş değil, birdenbire
olması, bir şeyin ortam ve şartlarını bulduğunda birdenbire nitelik
değiştirmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mutasyonist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mutationiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>değişinimci<br />
Değişinimcilik yanlısı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">mutasyonizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. mutationisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>ve<i> top. b. </i>değişinimcilik<br />
<b>1. </b><i>biy.</i> Canlı bir varlıktaki soya çekimin, genlerin
bazı özel durumlarının yitirilmesi, yeniden oluşması veya değişmesi yüzünden
aniden değişebileceğini ve bu değişmenin, türlerin oluşmasında ana yol olduğunu
ileri süren kuram. <b>2. </b><i>top. b.</i> Doğa ve toplumdaki
değişmelerin değişinim biçiminde olduğunu savunan düşünce akımı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">müzikolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. musicologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
müzik bilimci<br />
Müzik bilimi alanında araştırmalar yapan bilgin veya uzman.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">müzikoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. musicologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
müzik bilimi<br />
Müzik konularını, bilimsel yöntemlerle inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-71762339126212995742017-06-22T03:17:00.002-07:002017-06-22T08:28:27.577-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - L<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-G3aXUhlKuK0/WUvD5spHzLI/AAAAAAAAAes/BIZcvEV50sMYnxH4P55-KeXGaU47Bv-YQCEwYBhgL/s1600/L.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="301" data-original-width="480" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-G3aXUhlKuK0/WUvD5spHzLI/AAAAAAAAAes/BIZcvEV50sMYnxH4P55-KeXGaU47Bv-YQCEwYBhgL/s1600/L.png" /></a></div>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lagün</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lagune</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>deniz kulağı<br />
Açık denizden bir kum setiyle ayrılan veya kıyı dilinin gelişmesiyle göl
biçimini alan sığ koy veya körfez.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">laktoz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lactose</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>süt şekeri<br />
Sütte bulunan, sütün buharlaşmasıyla kristal durumunda toplanan şeker, süt
şekeri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lanse</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lancé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
önceleme<br />
Öncelemek işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lansman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lancement</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tanıtım<br />
Tanıtma işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">laptop</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. laptop</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dizüstü<br />
Bilgisayarın her türlü donanımı ile küçültülerek taşınabilir duruma getirilmiş
biçimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">larva</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>hay. b. </i>kurtçuk<br />
Bazı hayvanların, özellikle böceklerin yumurtadan çıktıktan sonra, krizalit
veya ergin karakterlerini kazanmadan önceki evresi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">leasing</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. leasing</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>kiralama<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir taşınır veya taşınmazın kullanım hakkının belli bir süre
için ve belli bir kira karşılığında kiracıya verilmesi. <b>2. </b>Anlaşmaya
göre kira süresinin bitiminde mülkiyetin kiracıda bırakılabilmesi durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">legal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. légal</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>huk. </i>yasal<br />
Anlaşmaya göre kira süresinin bitiminde mülkiyetin kiracıda bırakılabilmesi
durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lejitimist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. légitimiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
meşrutiyetçi<br />
Meşrutiyet yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">leksikograf</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lexicographe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sözlük bilimci<br />
Sözlük bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">leksikografi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lexicographie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sözlük bilgisi<br />
Sözlük bilimine ilişkin bilgiler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">leksikolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lexicologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sözlük bilimci<br />
Sözlük bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">leksikoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lexicologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sözlük bilimi<br />
Sözlük yazma ve hazırlama işiyle uğraşan bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lektör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lecteur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
okutman<br />
Üniversitede yabancı dil, Türkçe ve inkılap tarihi gibi ortak, zorunlu dersleri
öğretmek için görevlendirilen, uygulamalı çalışmaları yöneten öğretim elemanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lengüistik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. linguistique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dil bilimi<br />
Dil bilimiyle uğraşan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lepra</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Yun.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>cüzzam<br />
Hansen basilinin sebep olduğu, sinir sistemi ve deri başta olmak üzere birçok
sistem ve organı etkileyebilen bulaşıcı bir hastalık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">levülöz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lévulose</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>meyve şekeri<br />
Balda ve birçok meyvede bulunan bir tür şeker.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lezbiyen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lesbienne</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sevici<br />
Kendi cinsinden kimselerle cinsel ilişkide bulunan kadın.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lezbiyenizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lesbianisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sevicilik<br />
Sevici olma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lezyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lésion</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>doku bozukluğu<br />
Yara, darbe, iltihap, ur vb. sebeplerle bir organda ortaya çıkan bozukluk,
yıpranma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">liberalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. libéralisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>ekon. </i>serbestlik, 2. <i>ekon. </i>ve<i> fel.</i> erkincilik<br />
<b>1. </b>İthalatı serbest bırakma, ithalata konulmuş miktar
sınırlamalarını kaldırma. <b>2. </b><i>ekon. </i>Bireyin
özgürlüğünü ve ekonomik güçler arasında hür yarışmayı savunan, bireyler,
sınıflar ve uluslararasındaki ekonomik ilişkilere devletin karışmamasını
isteyen öğreti. <b>3. </b><i>fel.</i> Herkese vicdan, inanç,
düşünce özgürlüğü tanınmasının gerekli olduğunu savunan, hür düşünüşe bağlı
dünya görüşü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">liberasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. libération</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>serbestlik<br />
İthalatı serbest bırakma, ithalata konulmuş miktar sınırlamalarını kaldırma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">libero</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. libero</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>son adam<br />
Futbolda savunmanın gerisinde görev yapan, önündeki savunma oyuncularını
kontrol eden, yöneten, yardımcı ve serbest hareket edebilen savunma oyuncusu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">liet</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Lied</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>müz. </i>şarkı<br />
Ezgi, müzik parçası, melodi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lifting</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. lifting</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gerdirme<br />
Gerdirmek işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">light</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. light</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yeğni<br />
Ağır olmayan, hafif.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">likidasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. liquidation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tic. </i>tasfiye<br />
Bir ticaret kuruluşunun batması, kapanması vb. sebepler üzerine hesapların
kesilmesi, alacaklılara, ortada kalan mal ve paradan paylarına düşen miktarın
verilmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">likidite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. liquidité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tic. </i>akışkanlık<br />
<b>1. </b>Para ve ticaretle ilgili işlemlerde kullanılabilecek durumda
olan satın alma gücü. <b>2. </b>Kolaylıkla paraya çevrilebilme
özelliği fazla olan varlıklar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">likit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. liquide</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>fiz. </i>sıvı, 2. <i>ekon. </i>nakit<br />
<b>1. </b>Bulunduğu kabın biçimini alabilen ve üstü yatay bir düzlem
durumuna gelebilen akışkan cisim. <b>2. </b>Kullanılması hemen mümkün
olan para.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">limit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. limite</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sınır<br />
Bir şeyin nicelik bakımından inebileceği veya çıkabileceği en alt ve en üst
sınır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">limitet</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. limited</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sınırlı<br />
Sınırlanmış, belirlenmiş, belirli.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">limnoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. limnologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
göl bilimi<br />
Göllerde araştırma yapan bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">link</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. link</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bl. </i>ilişim<br />
İletişimi sağlayan dizgenin, teknik ağın birliği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lipom</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lipome</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>yağ uru<br />
Yağ dokusunun, bulunduğu yerde büyümesiyle oluşan zararsız ur.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lipostructure</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. lipostructure</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yağ ekletme<br />
Yağ aldırma işlemi sırasında alınan yağların yüzün belli bölgelerine
yedirilmesi yoluyla yüze genç bir görünüm kazandırılması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">liposuction</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. liposuction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yağ aldırma<br />
Vücuda şekil vermek amacıyla fazla yağların belli yöntemlerle alınması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">liste</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. lista</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dizelge<br />
Alt alta yazılmış şeylerin bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">literatür</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. littérature</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. edebiyat, 2. kaynak<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir bilim kolunun türlü konuları üzerine yazılmış yazı ve
eserlerin hepsi. <b>2. </b>Herhangi bir bilim dalında yazılmış olan
yazı veya eserlerin bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">litografya</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Yun.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
taş basması<br />
Herhangi bir bilim dalında yazılmış olan yazı veya eserlerin bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">litoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lithologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
taş bilimi<br />
Taşların yapısını inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">litosfer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lithosphère</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>jeol. </i>taş yuvarı<br />
Yer kabuğunu oluşturan ve yer yuvarlağının merkez çekirdeği çevresinde bulunan
katı yuvar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">loader</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. loader</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bl. </i>yükler<br />
Bilgisayara yükleme yapmak için kullanılan özel bir program.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lobi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. lobby</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>mim. </i>dalan<br />
Bir yapının kapısından içeri girildiğinde görülen ilk boşluk.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">logo</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. logo</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
imlek<br />
Bir kurum veya kuruluşun kendine seçtiği, bazı ticaret eşyası üzerine konulan,
o eşyayı üreten veya satanı tanıtan resim, harf vb. özel işaret.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">logos</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Yun.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>dil b. </i>ve<i> fel. </i>deyi<br />
<b>1. </b><i>dil b.</i> Dil, söz, işaret, mimik vb. anlatım
araçlarının bütünü. <b>2. </b><i>fel. </i>Hristiyan felsefesinde
Tanrı kelamını insanlara ulaştıran oğul.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lojik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. logique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>mantık<br />
Düşüncenin ve düşüncenin varlık biçimlerinin, ögelerinin, türlerinin,
olanaklarının, yasalarının ve düşünce bağlamlarının bilimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lojistik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. logistique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>ask. </i>geri hizmet, 2. <i>man.</i> modern mantık<br />
<b>1. </b>Askerlik mesleğinin savaşta veya askerî harekâtta, yol,
haberleşme, sağlık, yiyecek, içecek, silah sağlama vb. çok yönlü hizmetleri en
akılcı, etkili ve seri bir biçimde plan ve programa bağlayıp uygulayan
hizmetler bütünü. <b>2. </b>Kavramları kelimelerle değil göstergelerle
göstererek işlem yapan, matematiğe dayalı mantık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lokal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. local</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. yöresel, 2. dernekevi, 3. <i>tıp </i>yerel<br />
<b>1. </b>Belli bir yöre ile ilgili. <b>2. </b>Bir dernek veya
kuruluşun üyelerinin buluşmaları için ayrılmış yer. <b>3. </b>Sınırlı
bir yerle ilgili olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lokalize</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. localisé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sınırlandırılmış, belirlenmiş<br />
Yerini ve niteliğini belirlemek, sınırlamak anlamındaki <b>lokalize
etmek</b>, yeri ve niteliği belirlenmek, sınırlanmak anlamındaki <b>lokalize
olmak</b> birleşik fiillerinde geçer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lokatif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. locatif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>bulunma durumu<br />
Ad soylu bir sözün taşıdığı kavramda bulunuş bildiren, <i>-da / -de, - ta
/ -te</i> ekleri ile kurulan durum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lokavt</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. lock-out</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
iş bıraktırımı<br />
İşverenin işçileri topluca işten uzaklaştırma veya işten çıkarma kararı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">long-play</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. long-play</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>müz. </i>uzunçalar<br />
<b>1. </b>Üzerine seslerin düşük devirle kaydedildiği büyük boyutlu plak. <b>2. </b>Bir
sanatçının eserlerinin bir bölümünün yer aldığı kaset, albüm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lot</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. lot</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>tutam<br />
Bankacılıkta kullanılan, borsada kota alabilmek için gerekli asgari şirket
sermayesi veya pay.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lökosit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. leucocyte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>akyuvar<br />
Kan, lenf vb. vücut sıvılarında bulunan çekirdekli, yuvarlak hücre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lösemi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. luecémie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>kan kanseri<br />
Kanda akyuvarların olağanüstü çoğalmasıyla beliren bir hastalık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lüksmetre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. luxmètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>aydınlıkölçer<br />
Birim zamanda bir yüzeyin birim alanına düşen ışık enerjisini ölçmekte
kullanılan aygıt.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lümpen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Lumpen</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. ayaktakımı, 2. sınıfsız<br />
<b>1. </b>Görgüsüzlükleri veya bilgisizlikleri dolayısıyla toplum içinde
aşağı durumda olan kişiler. <b>2. </b>Toplum içinde belli bir sınıfa
girmeyen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-32695018969143867352017-06-22T03:15:00.000-07:002017-06-22T08:28:14.158-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - K<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dZz62fDISHQ/WUvD5kBh1II/AAAAAAAAAes/zzVUV2jW7Tsab9rpAXLQsyDrkRGG6xYJACEwYBhgL/s1600/K.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="301" data-original-width="480" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dZz62fDISHQ/WUvD5kBh1II/AAAAAAAAAes/zzVUV2jW7Tsab9rpAXLQsyDrkRGG6xYJACEwYBhgL/s1600/K.png" /></a></div>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kakofoni</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cacophonie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ed. </i>ses uyumsuzluğu<br />
Bazı sözlerde, söz öbeklerinde, boğumlanma yerleri aynı veya birbirine yakın
seslerin tekrarlanması sonucu söyleyişin güçlüğe uğraması, kulağı rahatsız
etmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kalibraj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. calibrage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ayarlama<br />
Ayarlamak işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kalibrasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. calibration</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. ölçümleme, 2. ölçülüleme<br />
Bir ölçü aletinin veya ölçme sisteminin gösterdiği değerler ile ölçülenin
bilinen değerleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belli koşullar altında inceleme işlemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kalifikasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. qualification</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
niteliklilik<br />
Nitelikli olma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kalifiye</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. qualifié</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
nitelikli<br />
Bir şeyi yapabilme niteliğini ve ustalığını kazanmış olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kaligrafi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. calligraphie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
güzel yazı sanatı<br />
Harflere güzel biçimler vererek yazma sanatı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kalitatif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. qualitatif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
nitel<br />
Nitelik bakımından, nitelikle ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kalite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. qualité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
nitelik<br />
Bir şeyin iyi veya kötü olma özelliği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kalker</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. calcaire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>min. </i>kireç taşı<br />
Kireç ocağında işlenerek kireç elde edilen, kalsiyum karbon tuzundan bileşik
kayaç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kalomel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. calomel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>tatlı sülümen<br />
Cıva birleşimlerinden, hekimlikte kullanılan zehirli bir madde.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kalorimetre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. calorimètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>ısıölçer<br />
Cisimlerin ısınma ısısını ölçmeye yarayan alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kalorimetri</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. calorimétrie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>ısı ölçümü<br />
Çeşitli olaylar sırasında açığa çıkan, ısı miktarının ölçülmesini konu alan
fizik dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kameraman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cameraman</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sin. </i>ve<i> TV </i>çekimci<br />
Alıcıyı doğrudan doğruya çalıştıran ve yöneten, alıcı hareketlerini
gerçekleştiren, görüntülerin filme alınmasını sağlayan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kampüs</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. campus</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yerleşke<br />
Bir üniversitenin genellikle kent dışında derslik, öğrenci yurdu gibi her türlü
yapı ve etkinlik alanlarıyla toplu bir biçimde bulunduğu yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kamuflaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. camouflage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gizleme<br />
Gizlemek işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kamufle</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. camouflé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gizlenmiş<br />
Saklanmış, görünmeyecek, belli olmayacak bir yere veya bir duruma geçmiş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kanalize</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. canalisé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yönlendirilmiş<br />
Yönlendirmek, bir düzene koymak anlamındaki <b>kanalize etmek</b>, yönlenmek,
bir düzene konulmak anlamındaki <b>kanalize olmak</b> birleşik
fiillerinde geçer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kandela</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. candela</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>mum<br />
Işık şiddeti birimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kanseroloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cancérologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kanser bilimi<br />
Kanseri ve ona yol açan hastalıkları inceleyen tıp dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kantitatif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. quantitatif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
nicel<br />
Nicelik bakımından, nicelikle ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kantite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. quantité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
nicelik<br />
Bir şeyin sayılabilen, ölçülebilen veya azalıp çoğalabilen durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kaos</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. chaos</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kargaşa<br />
Kalabalık, düzensizlik vb.nin yol açtığı karışıklık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kapital</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. capital</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tic. </i>sermaye<br />
Bir ticaret işinin kurulması, yürütülmesi için gereken anapara ve paraya
çevrilebilir malların tamamı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kapitalist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. capitaliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>anamalcı<br />
<b>1. </b>Üretim araçlarını özel mülkiyetinde bulunduran kimse. <b>2. </b>Anamalcılık
düzenini benimsemiş kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kapitalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. capitalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>anamalcılık<br />
Anamala dayanan ve kâr amacı güden üretim düzeni.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kapora</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. caparra</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>huk. </i>güvenmelik<br />
Sözleşme yapılırken, taraflardan birinin diğerine işten caymayacağını belirtmek
amacıyla önceden verdiği güvence parası.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kapüşon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. capuchon</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
başlık<br />
Üst giysilerinin yakalarına takılı başlık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">karizma</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. charisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
etkileyicilik<br />
Bir kimsenin kişiliği etrafında oluştuğu kabul edilen ve niteliği kolay
açıklanamayan, hayranlık uyandıran etkileyici güç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">karizmatik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. charismatique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
etkileyici<br />
Etkileyebilecek özellikte olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">karnivor</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. carnassier</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>hay. b. </i>etobur<br />
Dişleri et yiyecek biçimde olan, omurgalı, memeli (hayvan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kartograf</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cartographe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>haritacı<br />
Harita yapan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kartografi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cartographie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
haritacılık<br />
Harita ve bu haritalarda kullanılan işaretlerin özelliklerini araştıran,
haritanın tasarım, basım ve kullanım yöntemlerini geliştirmeye yönelik
araştırmalar yapan bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kartografya</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Yun.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
haritacılık<br />
Harita ve bu haritalarda kullanılan işaretlerin özelliklerini araştıran,
haritanın tasarım, basım ve kullanım yöntemlerini geliştirmeye yönelik
araştırmalar yapan bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">katabolizma</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. catabolisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>yadımlama<br />
Canlı protoplazmayı yapan büyük ve karmaşık yapılı moleküllerin enerji
çıkararak yanması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>din b. </i>başkilise<br />
Piskoposluk makamı olan büyük kilise.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kategori</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. catégorie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>ve<i> man. </i>ulam<br />
Nesnel gerçekliğin ve bilginin en genel ve temel özelliklerini, ilişkilerini
yansıtan temel kavramların her biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">katyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>artın<br />
Bir çözeltinin elektrolizi sırasında katotta toplanan iyon.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kemoterapi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. chimiothérapie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>kimyasal tedavi<br />
Hastalıkların kimyasal maddelerle tedavi edilmesi yöntemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kibernetik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Yun.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
güdüm bilimi<br />
Canlılarda ve makinelerde kontrol, iletişim ve işleyişi inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kinestezi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. kinesthésie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fizy. </i>devin duyumu<br />
Devinmekten ve özellikle kasların kasılmasından canlının edindiği duyum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">klasik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. classique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kökleşik<br />
Alışılmış olan, yenilik getirmeyen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">klasör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. classeur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sıralaç<br />
Yazılı kâğıtları düzenli ve sıralı bir biçimde korumak için kullanılan mukavva
veya plastikten telli kap.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">klimatolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. climatologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
iklim bilimci<br />
İklim bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">klimatoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. climatologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
iklim bilimi<br />
İklimleri inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">klinometre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. clinomètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
eğimölçer<br />
Bir yüzey, düzlem, yol veya cihazın yatay düzleme oranla eğimini ölçen araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">klip</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. clip</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
görümsetme<br />
Genellikle televizyonda gösterilmek üzere hazırlanan, bir müzik parçasını
görüntü eşliğinde veren film.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">klon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. clone</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>kopya<br />
Aynı canlıdan eşeysiz olarak üreyen canlı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">klostrofobi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. claustrophobie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>kapalı yer korkusu<br />
Dar ve kapalı yerlerde duyulan kaygı veya korku.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">koç</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. coach</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>çalıştırıcı<br />
Bir spor dalında, sporcuyu eğiten, yetiştiren ve çalıştıran kişi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kod</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. kode</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. harf, 2. şifre<br />
<b>1. </b>Dildeki bir sesi gösteren ve alfabeyi oluşturan işaretlerden her
biri. <b>2. </b>Gizli haberleşmeye yarayan işaretlerin tümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kodifikasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. codification</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>huk. </i>düzenleme<br />
Yayımlanan mevzuatın derlenip toplanması ve mevzuatta yapılan değişikliklerin
ilgili ana mevzuata işlenmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kognitif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cognitif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bilişsel<br />
Bilişle ilgili, zekânın işleyişiyle ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kokpit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. cockpit</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
pilot kabini<br />
Uçakların ön tarafında pilot ile uçuş teknisyeninin bulunduğu, uçağın
yönetildiği özel bölüm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kolaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. collage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kesyap<br />
Kumaş, tahta vb. malzemelerle yapılan, kâğıt veya kartona yapıştırılan resim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">koledok</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cholédoque</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>öd kanalı<br />
Karaciğer ve öd kesesi kanallarının birleşmesinden oluşan, safrayı bağırsağa
veren kanal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">koleksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. collection</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
derlem<br />
Öğrenme, yarar sağlama veya zevk amacıyla bir araya getirilmiş ve özelliklerine
göre sınıflara ayrılmış nesnelerin bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kolektivist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. collectiviste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>ortaklaşacı<br />
Ortaklaşacılık yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kolektivizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. collectivisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>ortaklaşacılık<br />
Üretim araçlarından kişisel sahipliği kaldırıp ortak kullanmayı ve toplum
içinde her türlü harekette ortak davranışı savunan öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kolektör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. collecteur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>toplaç<br />
Elektrik dinamolarında, hareketli bölümün üzerindeki iletken devrelerde oluşan
akımı toplayıp tek bir devreye veren araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kolokyum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
konuşu<br />
Bilimsel bir sorunu incelemek veya siyasi, ekonomik, diplomatik sorunları
tartışmak için yapılan akademik toplantı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kolonyalist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. colonialiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sömürgeci<br />
Sömürgesi olan, sömürge elde etmek amacında olan kimse veya ülke.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kolonyalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. colonialisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sömürgecilik<br />
Genellikle bir devletin başka ulusları, devletleri, toplulukları, siyasal ve
ekonomik egemenliği altına alarak yayılması veya yayılmayı istemesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kolorimetre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. colorimètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>renkölçer<br />
Bir sıvının renk derecesini ölçmeye yarayan araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kolorimetri</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. colorimétrie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>renk ölçme<br />
Sıvı, dağıtıcı yüzey, canlı vb.nin renklilik derecesini ölçme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kombinasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. combination</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. birleştirme, 2. tertip<br />
<b>1. </b>Birleştirmek işi. <b>2. </b>Düzenleniş, sıralanış
biçimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kombine</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. combiné</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
toplu<br />
Bir arada, bütün.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kombinezon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. combinaison</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
düzenleme<br />
Bir işi başarıya ulaştırmak için alınan önlemler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">komite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. comité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
alt kurul<br />
<b>1. </b>Belli bir konuyu ele almak amacıyla bir kurul içinden birkaç
kişi seçilerek oluşturulan kurul. <b>2. </b>Meclis veya herhangi bir
kurultayda bazı konuları inceleyerek varılan sonuçları tartışılmak için genel
kurula getirmekle görevli, milletvekilleri arasından oluşturulan yardımcı
kurul.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kompetan</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. compétent</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
uzman<br />
Belli bir işte, belli bir konuda bilgi, görüş ve becerisi çok olan (kimse).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kompetitif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. compétitif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
rekabetçi<br />
Rekabet yanlısı olan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">komplikasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. complication</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>karmaşıklık<br />
<b>1. </b>Hastalık sırasında ortaya çıkan ve hastalığın temel
özellikleriyle ilişkili olmayan her türlü olumsuz sağlık olayı veya süreci. <b>2. </b>İlaçların
doğurabileceği yan etki.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">komplike</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. complique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
karmaşık<br />
Ögelerinin veya gerekli işlemlerin sayısının çokluğu, çeşitliliği yüzünden
anlaşılması, yapılması güç olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">komplo</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. complot</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
düzen<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir kimseye, bir kuruluşa karşı toplu olarak alınan gizli karar. <b>2. </b>Topluca
ve gizlice yürütülen herhangi bir plan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kompozitör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. compositeur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>müz. </i>besteci<br />
Beste yapan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">komünikasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. communication</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tek. </i>iletişim<br />
Telefon, telgraf, televizyon, radyo vb. araçlardan yararlanarak yürütülen bilgi
alışverişi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">komütatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. commutateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>anahtar<br />
İstenilen yere veya aygıta, isteğe göre elektrik akımının geçmesini sağlamak
için kullanılan düzen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kondansatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. condensateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>yoğunlaç<br />
İçinde akımsız elektrik yükü biriktirilen cihaz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konfigürasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. configuration</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bl. </i>yapılandırma<br />
Bilgisayar sisteminin özellikle fiziksel birimlerini gösterme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konfirmasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. confirmation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
doğrulama, geçerleme, onaylama<br />
<b>1. </b>Doğrulamak işi. <b>2. </b>Geçerlemek işi. <b>3. </b>Onaylamak
işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konfirme</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. confirmé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
doğrulanmış, geçerlenmiş, onaylanmış<br />
Doğrulamak, geçerlemek, onaylamak anlamındaki <b>konfirme etmek</b> birleşik
fiilinde geçer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konformist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. conformiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>uymacı<br />
Uymacılık yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konformizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. conformisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>uymacılık<br />
Yürürlükteki kurum, ölçüt veya şartlara, kesin olmayan katı kalıplara,
eleştirici bir değerlendirme yapmaksızın uyma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konglomera</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. conglomérat</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>jeol. </i>yığışım<br />
Molozların çimento durumuna dönüşmesiyle oluşan kütle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kongre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. congrès</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kurultay<br />
Bir kuruluşun, gündemindeki sorunları, temel konuları konuşmak ve yeni kurullar
seçmek üzere belli sürelerle veya gerektikçe yaptığı genel toplantı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konjonktivit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. conjonctivite</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>göz zarı yangısı<br />
Kornea hariç göz kapaklarının iç yüzü ile göz küresinin ön yüzünü örten zarda
oluşan iltihap.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konjonktür</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. conjoncture</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
geçerli durum<br />
Bir ülkenin ekonomik hayatının yükselme ve alçalma yönünde gösterdiği inişli
çıkışlı, dalgalı hareketlerinin bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>fiz. </i>ve<i> mat. </i>içbükey<br />
Yüzeyi düzgün ve pürüzsüz çukur biçiminde olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konkordato</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. concordato</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>ve<i> huk. </i>anlaşmalı iflas<br />
Batık durumunda alacaklıların, alacaklarını belli bir plana göre almaları için
aralarında yaptıkları sözleşme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konkre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. concret</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
somut<br />
Varlığı duyularla algılanabilen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konsantrasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. concentration</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>kim. </i>derişim, 2. <i>ruh b. </i>dikkat toplaşımı<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir ortamda bulunan belirli bir maddenin kütle veya hacminin
içinde bulunduğu ortamın kütle veya hacmine oranı. <b>2. </b>Dikkatin
sürekli olarak bir nesne veya konunun belirli bir yönü üzerinde toplanması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konsantre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. concentré</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. yoğunlaştırılmış, yoğun, 2. <i>kim. </i>derişik<br />
<b>1. </b>Dolu, sıkı, sıkışık, çok. <b>2. </b>Derişmiş olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konsensüs</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. consensus</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
uzlaşma<br />
Uzlaşmak durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konsept</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. concept</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>fel. </i>kavram, 2. anlayış, görüş, 3. tarz, 4. düzen<br />
<b>1. </b>Nesnelerin veya olayların ortak özelliklerini kapsayan ve bir
ortak ad altında toplayan genel tasarım. <b>2. </b>Benzerlerinden
ayıran özellik. <b>3. </b>Güzel sanatlarda üslup. <b>4. </b>Soyut
ve somut nesnelerin bir sıraya, bir hedefe, bir amaca göre sıralanması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konseptüalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. conceptualisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>kavramcılık<br />
Kavramın, onu bildiren sözden farklı bir varlık olduğunu ve gerçeğin zihinde
bulunmadığını ileri süren öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konservatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. conservateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tutucu<br />
Mevcut toplumsal düzeni, düşünceleri ve kurumları değiştirmeden olduğu gibi
korumak isteyen (kimse).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konsinye</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. consigne</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
satasıya<br />
Bir satıcının, başka bir satıcı, dağıtıcı veya komisyoncuyla mallarının ederini
satıldıktan sonra almak üzere yaptığı satış.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konsolidasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. consolidation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>süreletme<br />
Kısa vadeli bir devlet borcu yerine uzun vadeli bir borç oluşturulması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konson</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. conson</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>ünsüz<br />
Ses yolunda bir engele çarparak çıkan ses, sessiz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konsonant</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Konsonant</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>ünsüz<br />
Ses yolunda bir engele çarparak çıkan ses, sessiz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konsorsiyum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. consortium</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>şirketler birliği<br />
<b>1. </b>Uluslararası kuruluşların ve bazı hükûmetlerin iktisadi ve mali
yardımları yürütmek üzere oluşturdukları geçici yardım kurulu. <b>2. </b>Köprü,
yol, baraj vb. büyük projelerin gerçekleştirilebilmesi için birden fazla
şirketin geçici olarak bir araya gelmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konstrüksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. construction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yapı, yapım<br />
<b>1. </b>Yapılmakta olan konut, yol, köprü vb. <b>2. </b>Yapma
işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konstrüktif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. constructive</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yapısal<br />
Yapı ile, yapılış ile, kuruluş ile ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konstrüktivizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
constructivisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kurmacılık<br />
Resim ve heykelde, eseri geometrik ögeleri ile kurmayı temel alan anlayış.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kontekst</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. contexte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>dil b. </i>bağlam, 2. <i>db. </i>çevre<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir dil birimini çevreleyen, ondan önce veya sonra gelen, birçok
durumda söz konusu birimi etkileyen, onun anlamını, değerini belirleyen birim
veya birimler bütünü. <b>2. </b>Bir birimden önce veya sonra gelen
aynı türden birimlerin tümü, bunların oluşturduğu küçük grup.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konteyner</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. container</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
taşımalık<br />
Çeşitli eşyaları taşımak için uluslararası standartlara göre tahtadan veya
metalden yapılmış büyük kasa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kontraksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. contraction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>dil b. </i>büzüşme<br />
Birleşik kelimelerin oluşturulmasında iki ayrı hecedeki ünlünün tek hecede
toplanması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kontrast</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. contraste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. karşıt, 2. karşıtlık<br />
<b>1. </b>Nitelik ve durumları birbirine büsbütün aykırı olan. <b>2. </b>Karşıt
olma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kontrat</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. contrat</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>huk. </i>sözleşme<br />
Hukuki sonuç doğurmak amacıyla iki veya daha çok kişinin, kuruluşun karşılıklı
ve birbirine uygun irade beyanlarıyla gerçekleşen işlem.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kontratak</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. contre-attaque</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>karşı akın<br />
Hukuki sonuç doğurmak amacıyla iki veya daha çok kişinin, kuruluşun karşılıklı
ve birbirine uygun irade beyanlarıyla gerçekleşen işlem.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kontrolör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. contrôleur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
denetçi<br />
Denetlemeyle görevli kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konvansiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. convention</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
anlaşma<br />
Devletler arası siyasal, ekonomik, kültürel vb. alanlarda yapılan uzlaşma ve bu
uzlaşmanın tespit edildiği belge.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>fiz. </i>ve<i> mat. </i>dışbükey<br />
Yüzeyi tümsek, çıkık ve şişkin olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konveksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. convection</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>ve<i> kim. </i>ısı yayımı<br />
Hareket eden nesnelerle belli nicelikte ısının taşınması olayı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konvektör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. convecteur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>ısıyayar<br />
Bir akışkanda ısıyı her tarafa eşit olarak yaymaya yarayan alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">konvertibilite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. convertibilité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>çevrilgenlik<br />
Paranın serbestçe dövize çevrilebilirliği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>ekon. </i>çevrilgen<br />
Serbestçe dövize çevrilebilen (para).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">koordinasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. coordination</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
eş güdüm<br />
Belli bir amaca ulaşmak için türlü işler arasında bağlantı, ilişki, düzen ve
uyum sağlama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">koordinatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. coordinateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
eş güdümcü<br />
Türlü işler arasında düzen ve uyum sağlayan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">koordine</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. coordonné</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
eş güdümlü<br />
Aralarında eş güdüm bulunan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">korelasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. corrélation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>ve<i> jeol. </i>bağıntı<br />
<b>1. </b><i>biy. </i>Organizmanın değişik yapı, özellik ve
olaylarında görülen karşılıklı ilgi. <b>2. </b><i>jeol. </i>İki
ayrı veri grubu arasında bulunan ilişki derecesinin ölçümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">korida</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İsp. corrida</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
boğa güreşi<br />
Genellikle İspanya ve Meksika'da, özel olarak yetiştirilmiş boğayı yenmek
amacıyla yapılan gösteri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kornea</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>saydam tabaka<br />
Gözün ön bölümünde bulunan, ışığı geçiren küresel zar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">korner</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. corner</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>köşe atışı<br />
Futbol, hentbol ve su topunda bir oyuncu, topu kendi kale çizgisi dışına
çıkardığında karşı taraf lehine kale çizgisi ile yan çizgisinin kesiştiği
noktadan verilen serbest vuruş hakkı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">korona</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. corona</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>Güneş tacı<br />
Güneş atmosferinin yoğunluğu çok düşük ve çok sıcak en dış katmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kortej</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cortège</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
alay<br />
Bayram, cenaze vb. törenlerde sıralı olarak giden insan topluluğu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kotasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cotation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
geçer değer<br />
Bir malın veya hisse senedinin borsadaki değeri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kozmogoni</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cosmogonie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>evren doğumu<br />
Evrenin oluşumu, kökeni, doğuşu ve yaradılışı ile ilgili kuram.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kozmoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cosmologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
uzay bilimi<br />
Uzayı yöneten genel yasalar bilimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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uzay bilimsel<br />
Uzay bilimi ile ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kozmonot</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Rus.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>uzay adamı<br />
Uzay gemisini uzayda yöneten kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>gök b. </i>evren<br />
Gök varlıklarının bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kramp</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. crampe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>kasınç<br />
Bir veya birkaç kasın irade dışı, ağrılı ve geçici olarak kasılması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">krater</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cratère</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>jeol. </i>yanardağ ağzı<br />
Yanardağın tepesinde, yamacında veya eteğinde arka arkaya patlamalar ve
püskürtmelerle oluşmuş koni biçiminde delik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kreasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. création</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yaratım<br />
Özel yetenekle ortaya konulan eser veya nesne.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kreatif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. creative</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yaratıcı<br />
<b>1. </b>Yaratma yeteneği olan. <b>2. </b>Zekâ, düşünce ve
hayal gücünden yararlanarak görülmeyen yeni bir şey ortaya koyan, yapan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kreatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. créateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yaratımcı<br />
Özel yetenekle bir nesne veya eser ortaya koyan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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güvenilirlik<br />
Alınan borcun geri ödenebileceğine dair güvence.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kreditör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. créditeur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
krediaçan<br />
Sağladığı bir kredi, mal veya hizmet karşılığında bir para ödenmesini veya bir
yükümlülüğün yerine getirilmesini istemeye hakkı olan taraf.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">krematoryum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. crématorium</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yakmalık<br />
Ölülerin yakıldığı yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kreş</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. crèche</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çocuk yuvası<br />
Küçük çocukların sabah bırakılıp akşam alındıkları bakımevi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kriminoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. criminologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
suç bilimi<br />
Toplumsal bir olgu olarak suç ve suçluluğu inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kripto</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. crypto</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
saklı yazı<br />
Gizlilik taşıyan belge.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kriter</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. critère</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ölçüt<br />
Bir yargıya varmak veya değer vermek için başvurulan ilke.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kritik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. critique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. ciddi, 2.<i> ed. </i>eleştiri, 3. nazik<br />
<b>1. </b>Tehlikeli, endişe veren. <b>2. </b>Bir edebiyat veya
sanat eserini her yönüyle değerlendirerek anlaşılmasını sağlamak amacıyla
yazılan yazı türü. <b>3. </b>Gerekli önlemler alınmadığında daha kötü
olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kritisizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. criticisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>eleştiricilik<br />
Kant'ın akıl ve bilginin sınırını ve imkânlarını tespit etmek için özellikle
dogmacılığın ve şüpheciliğin karşısına koyduğu felsefe yöntemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kromosfer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. chromosphère</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>renk yuvarı<br />
Güneş'in ışık yuvarını saran, yaklaşık 10.000 kilometre kalınlığındaki atmosfer
katmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kronograf</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. chronographe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
süreyazar<br />
Belirli bir işin kısa süresini çizerek belirleyen araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kronoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. chronologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. zaman bilimi, 2. zaman dizini<br />
<b>1. </b>Tarihsel olayların zamanını inceleme bilimi; <b>2. </b>Gözlemlere
dayanarak zaman ölçeğini belirleyen, tutulmaları, gezegenlerle ilgili önemli
olayları, yıldızların yerlerini zaman sırasına göre veren bilim. <b>3. </b>Tarihsel
olayların zaman bakımından sırası.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kronolojik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. chronologique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
zaman bilimsel<br />
Zaman bilimi ile ilgili olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kronometre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. choronomètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
süreölçer<br />
Belirli bir işin, işlemin, yarışmanın veya teknik alanda belli bir işin kısa
süresini ölçmek amacıyla kullanılan alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ksiloloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. xylologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
odun bilimi<br />
Odunun yapısını, fiziksel, mekanik ve kimyasal özelliklerini inceleyen bilim
dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>müz. </i>dörtlü<br />
Dört kişiden oluşan müzik topluluğu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>müz. </i>beşli<br />
Beş ses veya beş müzik aracı için yazılan müzik eseri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kupür</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. coupure</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kesik<br />
Gazete, dergi vb.nden kesilmiş yazı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kur</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cours</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
düzey<br />
Bir kursun basamaklarından her biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kuvöz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. couveuse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yaşanak<br />
Özellikle erken veya yeni doğmuş bebeklerin, zarar verebilecek dış etkenlerden
korunması amacıyla içine yerleştirildiği, belirli sıcaklığın ve nemin özel
olarak oluşturulduğu araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kümülasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cumulation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kümelenme<br />
Yığılma, biriktirme, toplanma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kümülatif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cumulatif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kümeli<br />
Birikmiş, katılmış.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kümülüs</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cumulus</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
küme bulut<br />
Üst bölümleri bembeyaz ve küme durumunda, tabanı da çoğu kez yatay ve esmer
bulut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-57127018576667104302017-06-22T03:09:00.002-07:002017-06-22T08:27:58.490-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - J<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jakoben</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. jacobin</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tepeden inmeci<br />
Tepeden inme taraftarı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jakobenizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. jacobinisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tepeden inmecilik<br />
Egemen güçlerin, toplumun çıkarına birtakım görüşleri, uygulamaları topluma
benimsetmesine dayanan akım.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jakuzi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. jacuzzi</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sağlık havuzu<br />
İçindeki suyun birtakım düzeneklerle titreştirildiği özel havuz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jaluzi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. jalousie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
şerit perde<br />
İçeriden görülmeksizin dışarıyı görmeyi sağlayan, şerit biçiminde metal veya
plastik levhalardan yapılmış bir tür pencere kapama düzeni.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jam-session</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. jam-session</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
toplu caz<br />
Caz müzisyenlerinin bir araya gelerek müzik yapmaları.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">janjan</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. changeant</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yanardöner<br />
Kıpırdadıkça çeşitli renklerde parlayan (kumaş, deri vb.).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">janr</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. genre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. tarz, 2. <i>biy. </i>tür<br />
<b>1. </b>Özel oluş veya davranış biçimi, üslup. <b>2. </b>Ortak
özellikleri olan bireylerin tamamı, cinslerin ayrıldığı bölüm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jargon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. jargon</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
argo<br />
Kullanılan ortak dilden ayrı olarak aynı meslek veya topluluktaki insanların
kullandığı özel dil veya söz dağarcığı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jenerasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. génération</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>kuşak<br />
Yaklaşık yirmi beş, otuz yıllık yaş kümelerini oluşturan bireyler öbeği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jeneratör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. générateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>üreteç<br />
Herhangi bir mekanik enerjiyi elektrik akımına çeviren aygıt.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jenerik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. générique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sin. </i>ve<i> TV </i>tanıtma yazısı<br />
Bir filmde emeği geçen yapımcı, yönetmen, oyuncu vb.nin adlarını, filmin
yapımıyla ilgili bilgileri içine alan, filmin başında veya sonunda bulunan
liste.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jenosit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. génnocide</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>soykırım<br />
Bir insan topluluğunu ulusal, dinsel vb. sebeplerle yok etme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jeodezi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. géodésie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>jeol. </i>yer ölçümü<br />
Yerin boyutlarını ve biçimini konu olarak inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jeolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. géologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yer bilimci<br />
Yer bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jeoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. géologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yer bilimi<br />
Yer yuvarlağının yapısını, birleşimini, evrimini inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jeolojik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. géologique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yer bilimsel<br />
Yer bilimle ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jeomorfolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. géomorphologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yüzey bilimci<br />
Yüzey bilimi ile uğraşan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jeomorfoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. géomorphologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yüzey bilimi<br />
Yeryüzü engebelerini ve aşınma ile ilgili gelişimleri inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jeosantrik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. géocentrique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yermerkezci<br />
Yerin gözlem noktası olarak alınan merkeziyle ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jeosantrizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. géocentrisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yermerkezcilik<br />
Yer yuvarlığını evrenin merkezi sayanların görüşü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jeotropizma</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. géotropisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bit. b. </i>yere yönelim<br />
Bitkilerde kök ve sapların, yer çekimi etkisi ile belli bir doğrultu almaları
özelliği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jet ski</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. jet ski</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
su kızağı<br />
Bu araçla yapılan spor dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jinekoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. gynécologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>kadın hastalıkları<br />
Kadın cinsel organlarını ve bunlarla ilgili hastalıkları inceleyen bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jips</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. gypse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>min. </i>alçı taşı<br />
Toprak içinde katman olarak bulunan ve pişirilip toz durumuna getirilerek alçı
yapmaya yarayan hidratlı kalsiyum sülfat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jogging</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. jogging</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>doğa yürüyüşü<br />
Belli kurallar ve grup anlayışı içinde doğada yapılan uzun yürüyüşler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">joy-stick</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. joy-stick</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kumanda kolu<br />
Genellikle bilgisayar oyunlarında oyunu yönetebilmek için kullanılan özel bir
araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">just in time</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. just in time</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gerektiğinde üretim<br />
İhtiyaç duyulan yerde ve zamanda üretim yapma tekniği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jüpon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. jupon</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
iç etek<br />
Kadınların giysi altına giydikleri etek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">jüri</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. jury</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. seçiciler kurulu, 2. <i>huk. </i>hakem heyeti<br />
<b>1. </b>Yarışma, sınav vb. etkinliklerde başarılı, üstün olanları seçmek
amacıyla oluşturulmuş geçici kurul. <b>2. </b>Bazı ülkelerde
yurttaşlardan seçilmiş ve mahkemede yargı görevini yapan geçici kurul.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-40644376309958397422017-06-22T03:07:00.002-07:002017-06-22T08:27:43.223-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - İ<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Y6nfkAPoka4/WUvD9ck1hJI/AAAAAAAAAes/OQBNuv75_GwdnIKJfVaE96okQCqwWzMewCEwYBhgL/s1600/%25C4%25B0.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="301" data-original-width="480" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Y6nfkAPoka4/WUvD9ck1hJI/AAAAAAAAAes/OQBNuv75_GwdnIKJfVaE96okQCqwWzMewCEwYBhgL/s1600/%25C4%25B0.png" /></a></div>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ice-tea</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. ice-tea</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
buzlu çay<br />
Soğuk olarak ikram edilen bir tür çay.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ide</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. idée</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
düşünce<br />
Uzay ve zamanın ötesinde, öznenin dışında, kendiliğinden var olan, duyularla
değil, yalnızca ruhen algılanabilen asıl gerçeklik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">idea</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Yun.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
düşünce<br />
Uzay ve zamanın ötesinde, öznenin dışında, kendiliğinden var olan, duyularla
değil, yalnızca ruhen algılanabilen asıl gerçeklik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ideal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. idéal</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>ülkü<br />
Gerçekte olmayıp yalnız düşüncede tasarım biçiminde var olan, yalnızca düşünce
ile kavranabilen şey.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">idealist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. idéaliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ülkücü<br />
Bir ülküye çıkar gütmeden bağlı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">idealizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. idéalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ülkücülük<br />
Bir ülküyle belirlenmiş olan, bu ülküye çıkar gütmeden bağlı kalan yaşama
biçimi ve dünya görüşü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">idefiks</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. idée fixe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>saplantı<br />
Kişinin, etkisinden kendini kurtaramadığı yersiz saçma düşünce.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">identik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. identique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>mat. </i>özdeş<br />
Kendinde özdeşlik bulunan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">idiopati</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. idiopathie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>kapan duygu<br />
Yalnız başına ilerleyen, belli bir sebebi bulunmayan, öbür hastalıklı durumlara
bağlı olmayan hastalık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">illegal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. illégal</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>huk. </i>yasa dışı<br />
Yasalara, yasa kurallarına uymayan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">illüstrasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. illustration</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
resimleme<br />
<b>1. </b>Resimlerle süsleme. <b>2. </b>Kitap içindeki bir
yazıyı açıklayan veya süsleyen resim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">illüzyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. illusion</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. göz bağı, 2. <i>ruh b. </i>yanılsama<br />
<b>1. </b>El çabukluğu ve ustalıkla gerçekte olmayan bir şeyi oluyor gibi
gösterme işi. <b>2. </b>Var olan nesne veya canlıyı yanlış, ayrımlı
veya değişik olarak algılama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">illüzyonist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. illusionniste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
göz bağcı<br />
Göz bağı yapan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">illüzyonizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. illusionnisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
göz bağcılık<br />
Göz bağcının yaptığı iş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">imaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. image</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>imge<br />
<b>1. </b>Duyu organlarının dıştan algıladığı bir nesnenin bilince
yansıyan benzeri. <b>2. </b>Duyularla algılanan, bir uyaran söz
konusu olmaksızın bilinçte beliren nesne ve olaylar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">imitasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. imitation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
taklit<br />
Benzetilerek yapılmış şey.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">immoral</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. immoral</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>töretanımaz<br />
Daha üstün saydığı bir töre adına geçerli töreyi tanımayan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">immoralizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. immoralisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>töretanımazlık<br />
Toplumca benimsenmiş töre ile ilgili değerleri değiştirmek isteyen öğretilerin
genel adı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">immünoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. immunologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bağışıklık bilimi<br />
Bağışıklık olaylarının ortaya çıkma şartlarını, gelişimini, alınabilecek
önlemleri ve yapılabilecek tedaviyi inceleyen tıp dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">implant</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. implant</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>doku ekimi<br />
Vücuda herhangi bir işlevi yerine getirmesi için doku yerleştirme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">in-line skate</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. in-line skate</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>kaykaç<br />
Özel olarak yapılmış ayakkabıların altına yerleştirilmiş krampona benzeyen bir
dizi tekerlekle kayılarak yapılan bir spor dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">indeks</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. index</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. dizin, 2. <i>ekon. </i>gösterge<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir kitabın veya derginin kişi, konu, yer adı vb. bakımından
içindekileri yer numarasıyla belirten ve eserin arkasında yer alan alfabetik
liste. <b>2. </b>Bir gelişimi gösteren nicelikler veya değerler
arasındaki ilişki.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">indeterminist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. indéterministe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>belirlenmezci<br />
Belirlenmezcilik yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">indeterminizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. indéterminisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>belirlenmezcilik<br />
<b>1. </b>Nedensellik yasasına bağlı olmayan, bir sebebe bağlanmayan olay
ve durumların da bulunduğunu öne süren görüş. <b>2. </b>İnsan
iradesinin hiçbir şarta bağlı olmadığını, içinde bulunduğu şartlarla
belirlenmediğini, insanın özgür iradesinin nedensellik yasasına bağlı
olmadığını savunan görüş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">indikatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. indicateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>gösterge<br />
Bir aracın işlemesiyle ilgili bazı ölçümlerin sonucunu kendiliğinden gösteren
araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">individüalist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. individualiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>ve<i> top. b. </i>bireyci<br />
Bireycilikten yana olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">individüalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. individualisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>ve<i> top. b. </i>bireycilik<br />
Bireylerin yararlarını toplumsal yararlardan daha üstün veya daha önemli sayan
öğreti, tutum veya politikaların genel adı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">inkübatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. incubateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kuluçkalık<br />
Küçük işletmeleri büyümelerine zemin hazırlamak amacıyla altyapı hizmetleri
yanında danışmanlık ve çeşitli destek hizmetleri sağlamak üzere genellikle
üniversiteler veya kamu araştırma kuruluşlarınca oluşturulmuş birimler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">inovasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. innovation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yenileşim<br />
Değişen koşullara uyabilmek için toplumsal, kültürel ve yönetimsel ortamlarda
yeni yöntemlerin kullanılmaya başlanması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">inovatif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. innovative</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yenileşimci<br />
Değişen koşullara uyabilmek için toplumsal, kültürel ve yönetimsel ortamlarda
yeni yöntemleri kullanmaya başlayan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">instant coffee</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. instant
coffee</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
hazır kahve<br />
Granül hâline getirilen kahveye sıcak su veya süt eklenerek hazırlanan içecek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">interaktif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. interactive</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
etkileşimli<br />
Etkileşimi olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">interferometre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. interféromètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
girişimölçer<br />
Işık girişim saçaklarını uzaktan ölçmeye yarayan araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">interferometri</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
interférométrie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>girişim ölçme<br />
İki veya daha fazla dalga hareketini ölçme işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">intern</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. intern</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ön hekim<br />
Staj yapmak üzere hastanelerde çalışan tıp fakültelerinin altıncı sınıf
öğrencileri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">İnternet</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. international
networkten</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bl. </i>Genel Ağ<br />
Bilgisayar ağlarının birbirine bağlanması sonucu ortaya çıkan, herhangi bir
sınırlaması ve yöneticisi olmayan uluslararası bilgi iletişim ağı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">internship</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. internship</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ön hekimlik<br />
Ön hekim olma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">intertextuality</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng.
intertextuality</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ed. </i>metinler arasılık<br />
Bütüncül bir yapıya kavuşturulması amacıyla bir edebî metnin dokusuna hem
edebiyat alanından hem de başka alanlardan metin parçalarının katılması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">intranet</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. intranet</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yerel ağ<br />
Bilgisayar ağlarının birbirine bağlanması sonucu ortaya çıkan, sınırlaması ve
yöneticisi olan sadece kurum veya iş yeri içinde kullanılan bilgi iletişim ağı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ipotek</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hypothèque</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tic. </i>tutu<br />
Bir borcun ödeneceğine teminat olarak ödenince geri alınmak şartıyla borçlunun
alacaklıya verdiği değerli şey.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">irrasyonalist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. irrationaliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>us dışıcı<br />
Us dışıcılık yanlısı olan (kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">irrasyonalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. irrationalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>us dışıcılık<br />
Yaşamda ve bilgilerde us dışı ögelere tek yanlı olarak ağırlık veren, sezgi,
sevgi, duygu ve içgüdüleri bilginin kaynağı sayan görüş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">irrasyonel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. irrationnel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>us dışı<br />
Aklın alamayacağı, aklın dışında kalan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">irrealist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. irréaliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gerçek dışı<br />
Gerçeğin dışında olan, gerçek olmayan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">irredantist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. irrédentiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kurtarımcı<br />
Dil, gelenek, görenek ve çeşitli kültür değerleri bakımından bir birlik
gösterdiği hâlde ana yurt dışında kalmış halkın yaşadığı toprakları ana yurt
sınırları içine almak isteyen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">irredantizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. irrédentisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kurtarımcılık<br />
Dil, gelenek, görenek ve çeşitli kültür değerleri bakımından bir birlik
gösterdiği hâlde ana yurt dışında kalmış halkın yaşadığı toprakları ana yurt
sınırları içine almak düşüncesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">iskonto</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. sconto</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tic. </i>1. indirim, 2. kırdırma<br />
<b>1. </b>Fiyatta yapılan değer düşürümü. <b>2. </b>Süresi
dolmamış bir senedin, faiz ve komisyonu düşürülerek karşılığından eksiğine
alınması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">istatistik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. statistique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. sayımlama, 2. sayım bilimi<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir sonuç çıkarmak için verileri yöntemli bir biçimde toplayıp
sayı olarak belirtme işi. <b>2. </b>İlkelerini olasılık kuramlarından
alarak eldeki verileri grafik ve sayı biçiminde değerlendirmeye dayandıran
matematiğin uygulamalı dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">istimbot</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. steamboat</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>den. </i>çatana<br />
Filika büyüklüğünde, islimle işleyen deniz teknesi, küçük vapur.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">italik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. italique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
eğik yazı<br />
Üstten sağa doğru eğik olan basım harfi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">izobar</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. isobare</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>eş basınç<br />
Hava basınçları eşit olan yeryüzü noktalarını birleştirdiği varsayılan eğri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">izohips</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. isohypse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>eş yükselti<br />
Yükseklikleri birbirine eşit olan yerler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">izolasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. isolation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>yalıtım<br />
<b>1. </b>Elektrik akımının olumsuz etkilerini önlemek için iletkeni
kauçuk, lastik, porselen vb. ile kaplama. <b>2. </b>Elektrik, ses ve
ısı akımını engelleme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">izolatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. isolateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>yalıtkan<br />
Elektrik iletkenliği sıfır veya çok zayıf olan (cisim veya madde).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">izole</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. isolé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yalıtılmış, tecrit edilmiş<br />
<b>1. </b>Elektrik ve ısı akımı engellenmiş. <b>2. </b>Herkesten
veya her şeyden ayrılmış.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">izometri</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. isométrie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>geom. </i>eş ölçüm<br />
Noktalar arasındaki uzaklığı olduğu gibi koruyan noktasal dönüşüm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">izomorf</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. isomorphe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>eş biçim<br />
Başka bir şeyin biçim veya yapı bakımından aynısı olan şey.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">izomorfik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. isomorphique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>eş biçimli<br />
Biçim, yapı bakımından birbirinin benzeri veya aynısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">izomorfizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. isomorphisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>hay. b.</i>, <i>kim. </i>ve <i>mat. </i>eş biçimlilik<br />
<b>1. </b><i>hay. b.</i> Organizmada çeşitli soylardan ileri gelen
benzerlik. <b>2. </b><i>kim. </i>Benzer yapıda olan maddeler
arasındaki billurlaşma benzerliği. <b>3. </b><i>mat. </i>İki
matematik kümesi arasında benzerlik bağıntısı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">izoterm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. isotherme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>eş sıcak<br />
Sıcaklığı eşit olan (yeryüzü noktası).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-30783984574075655392017-06-22T02:41:00.003-07:002017-06-22T08:27:29.225-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - H<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hacker</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. hacker</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bl. </i>bilgisayar korsanı<br />
Bilgisayar ve haberleşme teknolojileri konusundaki bilgisini gizli verilere
ulaşmak, ağlar üzerinde yasal olmayan zarar verici işler yapmak için kullanan
kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">half-time</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. half-time</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>devre arası<br />
<b>1. </b>Futbol, basketbol vb.nde karşılaşma sırasında dinlenme süresi. <b>2. </b>Ligin
birinci döneminin bitiminde verilen dinlenme süresi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">halüsinasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hallucination</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>sanrı<br />
Uyanık bir kişinin, kendi dışında var sandığı ancak gerçekte olmayan olguları
algılaması, yaşaması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">handikap</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. handicap</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
engel<br />
Bir şeyin gerçekleşmesini önleyen sebep.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">handling</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. handling</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yer hizmetleri<br />
Havaalanında yolculara uçuş öncesi verilen hizmet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">handout</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. handout</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
el notu<br />
Bilimsel toplantılarda dinleyicilere bildiriyle ilgili dağıtılan kısa notlar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hands free</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. hands free</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dokunmasız<br />
Dokunmadan, ele alınmadan kullanılabilen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">haploloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. haplologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>orta hece düşmesi<br />
Orta hecede bulunan vurgusuz ünlünün bazı durumlarda düşmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">happy hour</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. happy hour</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
indirim saatleri<br />
Mağaza veya barlarda günün değişik saatlerinde yapılan indirim anları.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hat trick</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. hat trick</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>üçleme<br />
Bir oyuncunun aynı karşılaşmada üç sayı yapması durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">haute-couture</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. haute-couture</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
özel dikiş<br />
Genellikle bir tane dikilen ve özel kesimlere sahip giysi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">haymatlos</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. heimatlos</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>huk. </i>vatansız<br />
Vatanı olmayan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hedging</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. hedging</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>koruma<br />
Bankacılık alanında, bir malda veya bir menkulde gelecekte ortaya çıkacak fiyat
değişikliklerine karşı korunmak amacıyla vadeli bir sözleşme yapılması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hedonist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hédoniste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon.</i> ve<i> fel. </i>hazcı<br />
Hazcılığı benimseyen ve savunan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hedonizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hédonisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>ve<i> fel. </i>hazcılık<br />
<b>1. </b><i>fel. </i>Zevki, insan hayatının tek değer ve amacı
sayan, haz veren her şeyin iyi olduğunu kabul eden öğreti. <b>2. </b><i>ekon.</i> Ekonomik
etkinliğin, hazzın en yüksek derecesine varacak biçimde geliştirilmesi
öğretisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">heliport</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. heliport</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
helikopter pisti<br />
Helikopterin iniş kalkış yaptığı özel alan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">helmintolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. helminthologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kurt bilimci<br />
Kurt bilimi ile uğraşan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">helmintoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. helminthologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kurt bilimi<br />
Solucanların yapılarını, yaşayışlarını ve yaptıkları hastalıklarla, bu
hastalıklara karşı mücadeleyi anlatan asalak bilimi dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hematit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hématite</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>min. </i>kan taşı<br />
Kırmızı veya esmer renkte olan doğal demir oksidinden oluşan, yaralardan akan
kanı durdurmak için kullanılan bir mineral.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hematolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hématologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kan bilimci<br />
Kan bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hematoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hématologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kan bilimi<br />
Kan ve kan hücrelerini oluşturan yapılarla bu yapıların hastalıklarını ve
tedavilerini konu alan bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hentbol</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. handball</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>el topu<br />
Yedi veya on birer kişilik iki takım arasında yalnızca elle oynanan, topu karşı
takımın kalesine atmaya dayanan oyun.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hepatit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hépatite</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>sarılık<br />
Derinin, dokuların ve organizmadaki sıvıların sarı bir renk almasıyla beliren
hastalık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">herbivor</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. herbivore</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>hay. b. </i>otobur<br />
Otla beslenen (hayvan).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hermetik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hermetique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yalıtımlı<br />
Hava, ısı, ses vb.ni geçirmeyen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">heterojen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hétérogène</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>ayrışık<br />
Birbirlerine çok fazla benzer özellikler taşımayan parça veya birimlerden
oluşan bütün veya topluluk.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">heterotrof</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hétérotrophe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>dışbeslenen<br />
Besinini organik maddelerden sağlayan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">heterotrofi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hétérotrophie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>dış beslenme<br />
Besinini organik maddelerden sağlama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hidrofil</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hydrophile</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. sucul, 2. <i>hay. b. </i>su böceği<br />
<b>1. </b>Suyu çeken. <b>2. </b>Kın kanatlılardan, küçük su
birikintilerinde yaşayan, 18 milimetre uzunluğunda kahverengi bir böcek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hidrofobi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hydrophobie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>su korkusu<br />
Sudan korkma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hidrofor</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hydrophore</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
subasar<br />
Basınç uygulayarak suyu binanın üst katlarına çıkaran düzenek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hidrografi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hydrographie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
su bilgisi<br />
Bir bölgedeki bütün yer altı ve yer üstü sularına ait bilgi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hidrolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hydrologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
su bilimci<br />
Su bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hidroloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hydrologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
su bilimi<br />
Suların mekanik, fizik, kimya ve biyoloji bakımından özelliklerini inceleyen
bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hidrometre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hydromètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
suölçer<br />
Su vb. akışkanlara ilişkin derinliği ve ağırlığı, basıncı ölçmeye yarayan alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hidrosfer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hydrosphère</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>su yuvarı<br />
Denizlerin yeryüzünde oluşturduğu yuvar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">high-tech</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. high-tech</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yüksek teknoloji<br />
Yüksek düzeyde uygulanan teknoloji.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">higrofil</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hygrophile</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bit. b. </i>nemcil<br />
Nemden ve nemli yerden hoşlanan (bitki).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">higrometre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hygromètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
nemölçer<br />
Havanın nem derecesini ölçmeye yarayan alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">higroskop</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hygroscop</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
nemçeker<br />
Havadaki nemin niceliğini ölçüp gösteren alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">higroskopik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hygroscopique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
nemçeker<br />
Havadaki nemi emme özelliği olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">higrostat</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hygrostat</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>nemdenetir<br />
Bir yerdeki nemlilik derecesini durağan durumda bulunduran alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">higrotropizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hygrotropisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>neme yönelim<br />
Canlıların zorunlu olarak havanın nemine göre yönelmesi ve yer değiştirmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hijyen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hygiène</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. sağlık bilgisi, 2. sağlıklı, 3. temiz<br />
<b>1. </b>Sağlığın, hastalanmadan önce korunması ile ilgili bilimsel
incelemelerle uğraşan tıp dalı. <b>2. </b>Sağlık kurallarına uygun
olan. <b>3. </b>Kirli, lekeli, pis, bulaşık olmayan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hijyenik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hygiénique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. sağlıklı, 2. temiz<br />
<b>1. </b>Sağlık kurallarına uygun olan. <b>2. </b>Kirli,
lekeli, pis, bulaşık olmayan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hilozoizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hylozoïsme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>canlı özdekçilik<br />
Evrenin temeli olarak düşünülen maddenin canlı olduğunu savunan öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hinterlant</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Hinterland</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>coğ. </i>iç bölge, 2. arkabahçe<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir limanı ithalat ve ihracat etkinlikleri bakımından besleyen,
ona çeşitli ulaşım yollarıyla bağlı, dar veya geniş bölge. <b>2. </b>Bir
bölgeyi çevreleyen ve onunla ekonomik ve toplumsal etkileşim içinde bulunan
bölge.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hipoderm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hypoderme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>ve<i> bit. b. </i>alt deri<br />
<b>1. </b><i>anat. </i>Üst derinin altında bulunan ikinci tabaka. <b>2. </b><i>bit.
b.</i> Bazı gövde ve yaprakların üst derilerinin altında bulunan, çoğu kez
hücre zarları kalınlaşmış özel doku.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hipopotam</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hippopotame</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>hay. b. </i>su aygırı<br />
Çift parmaklılardan, Afrika ırmakları boyunca yaşayan, çok iri yapılı ve geniş
ağızlı memeli hayvan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hiposantır</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hypocentre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>deprem ocağı<br />
Deprem dalgalarının başladığı nokta.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hipotetik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hypothétique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
varsayımsal<br />
Bir varsayıma dayanan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hipotez</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hypothèse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
varsayım<br />
Deneylerle henüz yeter derecede doğrulanmamış ancak doğrulanacağı umulan teorik
düşünce.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">histolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. histologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
doku bilimci<br />
Doku bilimiyle uğraşan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">histoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. histologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
doku bilimi<br />
Canlılardaki dokuların oluşum, evrim ve birleşimini inceleyen bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. hit</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
liste başı<br />
En çok beğenilen, en çok tutulan kitap, şarkı vb.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hiyeroglif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. hiéroglyphe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tar. </i>resim yazı<br />
Eski çağlarda, bazı uygar uluslarca kullanılan, nesnelerin yalınlaştırılmış
resimlerine dayanan yazı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hobi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. hobby</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
uğraşı<br />
Görev ve meslek dışında severek yapılan, dinlendirici, oyalayıcı uğraş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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sofa<br />
Evlerde oda kapılarının açıldığı genişçe yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">holding</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. holding</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tic. </i>ana ortaklık<br />
Birçok ortaklığın pay senetlerini elinde bulundurarak onları denetimi altında
tutan yatırım ortaklığı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">homojen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. homogène</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bağdaşık<br />
Birbirlerine benzer karakterlere veya yapıya sahip parça veya birimlerden
oluşan (bütün veya topluluk.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>db. </i>sesteş<br />
Söylenişleri aynı, anlam ve kökleri ayrı olan (kelimeler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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eş cinsel<br />
Kendi cinsinden kimselerle cinsel ilişkide bulunan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hukşat</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. hook shot</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>çengel atış<br />
Basketbolda çembere yan durarak tek elle baş üzerinden geçirilerek atılan şut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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gülmece<br />
Eğlendirme, güldürme ve bir kimsenin davranışına incitmeden takılma amacını
güden ince alay.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>fel. </i>insancıl<br />
İnsancılık yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>fel. </i>insancıllık<br />
Eski Yunan ve Latin kültürünü en yüksek kültür örneği olarak alan ve Orta Çağın
skolastik düşünüşüne karşı XIV. yüzyılda doğan felsefe, bilim ve sanat görüşü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hümanizma</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. humanisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>insancıllık<br />
Eski Yunan ve Latin kültürünü en yüksek kültür örneği olarak alan ve Orta Çağın
skolastik düşünüşüne karşı XIV. yüzyılda doğan felsefe, bilim ve sanat görüşü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-33009935986490348862017-06-22T02:38:00.002-07:002017-06-22T08:27:12.892-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - G<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">gag</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. gag</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sin. </i>ve<i> tiy. </i>gülüt<br />
Skeç, revü, eğlence gösterisi vb.ne eklenen beklenmedik gülünç sözler veya
durumlar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">gala</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. gala</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ön gösterim<br />
Bir temsilin ilk oynanışı veya bir filmin ilk gösterimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">galaksi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. galaxie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>gök ada<br />
Milyarlarca yıldızdan, yıldız kümelerinden, bulutsu ve gaz bulutlarından
oluşmuş, Samanyolu gibi bağımsız uzay adası.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">gambot</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. gun-boat</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ask. </i>topçeker<br />
Ağır top taşıyan küçük savaş gemisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">garanti</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. garantie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
güvence<br />
Bir antlaşmada taraflardan birinin sorumluluğu üzerine alması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">garantör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. guarantor</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
güvenceci<br />
Güvence veren ve bunun gerçekleşmesini gözeten ve denetleyen (kimse, kuruluş
veya devlet).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">gardırop</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. gadre-robe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
giysi dolabı<br />
Giysilerin düzenli bir biçimde saklanmasını ve kullanmak istendiğinde kolay
ulaşılmasını sağlayacak biçimde yapılmış dolap.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">gastroenterolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
gastro-entérologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sindirim bilimci<br />
Sindirim sistemi hastalıkları hekimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">gastroenteroloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
gastro-entérologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sindirim bilimi<br />
Tıbbın sindirim organları hastalıklarını inceleyen dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">gayzer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. geyser</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>jeol. </i>kaynaç<br />
Volkan bölgelerinde, belli aralıklarla su ve buhar fışkırtan sıcak kaynak.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">gayzerit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. geysérite</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>min. </i>kaynaç taşı<br />
Volkan bölgelerinde oluşan silisli çökelti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">genetik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Genetik</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kalıtım bilimi<br />
Bitki, hayvan ve insan genlerinin yapısını, görevini ve bir dölden diğerine
nasıl aktarıldığını inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">genitif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. génitif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>tamlayan durumu<br />
Ad görevindeki sözün taşıdığı kavramı başka bir kavrama <b>-ın / -in / -un
/ -ün, -nın / -nin / -nun / -nün</b> ekiyle bağlayan durum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">genotip</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. génotype</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
soy yapısı<br />
Bir canlının genlerinin bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">geriatri</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. gériatrie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yaşlılık bilimi<br />
Yaşlılık ve yaşlanmaya bağlı tüm klinik, biyolojik ve sosyolojik tıbbi
sorunlarla ilgilenen bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">gerundium</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Gerundium</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>zarf-fiil<br />
Zarf olarak kullanılan fiil soyundan kelime.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">gidon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. guidon</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yönelteç<br />
Bisikletin ön tekerlek maşası üstüne bağlanmış, iki elle kullanılan yön
değiştirme aracı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">glasnost</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Rus.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
açıklık politikası<br />
Siyasette açık, şeffaf olma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">glasyolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. glaciologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
buzul bilimci<br />
Buzul bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">glasyoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. glaciologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
buzul bilimi<br />
Fiziki coğrafyanın buzulları ve yeryüzündeki işlevlerini konu alan bölümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">glasyolojist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. glaciologiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
buzul bilimci<br />
Buzul bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">global</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. global</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. küresel, 2. toptan<br />
<b>1. </b>Dünya ölçüsünde geniş bir bakış açısıyla benimsenen. <b>2. </b>Toplu
bir biçimde olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">glokom</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. glaucome</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>karasu<br />
Çoğunlukla gözün iç basıncının çoğalmasıyla kendini gösteren, körlüğe sebep
olabilen bir göz hastalığı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">graben</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Graben</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>çöküntü hendeği<br />
Yer kabuğunun birbirine paralel olarak uzanan kırıkları veya basamaklı kırık
dizileri arasındaki çökmüş bölümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">grafik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. graphique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çizge<br />
Bir olayın çeşitli durumlarını göstermeye veya birkaç şey arasında
karşılaştırma yapmaya yarayan çizgilerden oluşmuş biçim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">grafoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. graphologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. yazı bilgisi, 2. yazı bilimi<br />
<b>1. </b>El yazısından, yazanın karakter ve duygularını anlamayı amaç
edinen inceleme yöntemi. <b>2. </b>El yazısından hareketle o kişinin
karakterini ve kimliğini çıkarmayı amaç edinen bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">gramer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. grammaire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dil bilgisi<br />
Bir dilin ses, biçim ve cümle yapısını inceleyip kurallarını tespit eden bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">gravimetre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. gravimètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çekimölçer<br />
Yer yer değişen yer çekiminin tam ve gerçek değerini dikey olarak belirlemeye
yarayan araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">grosmarket</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Alm. Grossmarket</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
büyük mağaza<br />
Her türlü tüketim malının, özellikle yiyecek maddelerinin ve mutfak
gereçlerinin seçilip satın alınabildiği büyük satış yeri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">guard</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. guard</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>oyun kurucu<br />
Karşılaşmada oyuna yön veren oyuncu, eksen oyuncu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">gurme</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. gourmet</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tatbilir<br />
<b>1. </b>Yiyecek ve içecek konusunda uzmanlık ölçüsünde bilgisi bulunan,
tadına bakan ve lezzetini değerlendiren (kimse). <b>2. </b>Malzemesinden
pişiriliş veya yapılış yöntemine kadar özenle hazırlanmış yiyecek veya
içecekten anlayan (kimse).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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beğeni<br />
Herhangi bir konuda güzeli çirkinden ayırma yetisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">gut</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. goutte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>damla hastalığı<br />
Organizmadaki ürik asidin atılmayarak vücudun bazı yerlerinde, özellikle ayak
başparmağında, topuk ve eklem yerlerinde birikmesinden ileri gelen, ağrı ve
şişlerle ortaya çıkan hastalık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-26776997408062356292017-06-22T02:36:00.001-07:002017-06-22T08:26:55.179-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - F<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YzrfIFb9Tkk/WUvD43ahhjI/AAAAAAAAAes/UV68SvtzfwECrMksEwBlImBfz-uSHzfFQCEwYBhgL/s1600/F.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="301" data-original-width="480" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YzrfIFb9Tkk/WUvD43ahhjI/AAAAAAAAAes/UV68SvtzfwECrMksEwBlImBfz-uSHzfFQCEwYBhgL/s1600/F.png" /></a></div>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fabl</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fable</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ed. </i>öykünce<br />
Kahramanları çoklukla hayvanlardan seçilen, sonunda ders verme amacı güden,
genellikle manzum hikâye.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fabrika</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. fabricca</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
üretimevi<br />
İşlenmemiş veya yarı işlenmiş maddelerin makine, araç vb. ile işlenerek
tüketime hazır duruma getirildiği sanayi kuruluşu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fabrikasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fabrication</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sıra işi<br />
Değeri fazla olmayan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">factor</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. factor</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>alacaklandırıcı<br />
Vadeli satış yapan firmaların her türlü mal ve hizmet satışından doğan
haklarını devralan finansal kuruluş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">factoring</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. factoring</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>alacaklandırma<br />
Alacaklandırmak işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fagosit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phagocyte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>yutar hücre<br />
Organik veya inorganik cisimcikleri içine alıp sindirebilen kan hücresi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fagositoz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phagocytose</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>hücre yutarlığı<br />
Vücuda giren mikropların yutar hücreler tarafından yutulup yok edilmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fair play</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. fair play</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>dürüst oyun<br />
Kurallara ve karşılıklı hoşgörüye bağlı kalınarak oynanan oyun.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">faks</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fax</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
belgegeçer<br />
Yazılı, bilgi ve belgelerin telefon sistemi vasıtasıyla bir yerden bir yere
iletilmesini anında sağlayan araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">faksimile</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fac-similé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tıpkıbasım<br />
Bir yazı, desen, tablo vb.nin fotoğrafından kalıp çıkarılarak yapılan aynı
basımı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">faktitif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. factitif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>ettirgen fiil<br />
Geçişli veya geçişsiz fiil kök veya gövdelerine -er-, -ir-, -tir-, -t-
eklerinden birinin veya ikisinin üst üste getirilmesiyle kurulan ve taşıdığı
kavram bir nesneye aktarılabilen çatılı fiil.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">faktör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. facteur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
etmen<br />
Birlikte veya ayrı ayrı etkisini gösteren ve belli bir sonuca götüren
güçlerden, şartlardan, ögelerden her biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fakül</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. facule</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>benek<br />
Güneş lekeleri yöresinde görülen, parlak taneciklerden ve parlak damarlardan
oluşmuş bölüm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">falez</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. falaise</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>yalı yar<br />
Yüksek kıyılarda dalga aşındırmasıyla oluşan ve aşınma sürdükçe karanın içine
doğru gerileyen yar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fallus</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>erkeklik organı<br />
Erkeğin çiftleşme organı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fanatik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fanatique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bağnaz<br />
Bir düşünceye, bir inanışa aşırı ölçüde bağlanıp ondan başka bir düşünce ve
inanışı kabul etmeyen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fanatizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fanatisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bağnazlık<br />
Bir kimseye veya bir şeye aşırı düşkünlük ve tutkuyla bağlılık, bağnazca
davranış.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">farbala</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. falbala</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
fırfır<br />
Giysi, perde vb.nin kenarlarına dikilen kırmalı veya büzgülü süs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fars</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. farce</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tiy. </i>güldürü<br />
İlkel, yalın güldürme ögelerinden yararlanan, bazen inanırlığın sınırını aşan,
güldürmeyi amaç edinen sahne eseri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fason</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. façon</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kesim<br />
Terzinin belli bir ölçü ve örneğe göre kumaşa biçim verme işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fast break</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. fast break</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>hızlı hücum<br />
Takım sporlarında karşı tarafın toparlanmasına fırsat vermeden, paslaşarak
yapılan hücum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fast food</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. fast food</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
hazır yemek<br />
Kısa sürede hazırlanan ve yemek için az zaman harcanan hafif yiyecek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fatalist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fataliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>yazgıcı<br />
Yazgıcılık yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fatalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fatalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>yazgıcılık<br />
Her şeyin, alın yazısına göre önceden belirlenmiş olduğuna, insanın bu önceden
belirlenmiş olan alın yazısını değiştiremeyeceğine inanan dünya görüşü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fauna</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>hay. b. </i>direy<br />
Belli bir bölgede yaşayan hayvanların tümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">feminen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. féminin</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kadınsı<br />
Kadınsı özelliklere fazlasıyla sahip olan (kadın).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fenoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phénologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
belirti bilimi<br />
Bitkilerin yıl içinde büyüme ve gelişmelerinde görülen değişikliklerle iklim
olayları arasında ilgi kurarak bundan sonuç çıkaran bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fenomen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phénomène</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. olay, 2. <i>fel. </i>görüngü<br />
<b>1. </b>Önemli tarihsel olgu. <b>2. </b>Duyularla
algılanabilen her şey.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fenomenizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phénoménisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>görüngücülük<br />
Gerçek olanın yalnızca görüngüler olduğunu öne süren görüş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fenomenoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phénomenologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
görüngü bilimi<br />
Algılanan görüngeler öğretisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">feodalite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. féodalité</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tar. </i>derebeylik<br />
Orta Çağda özellikle Batı Avrupa'da toprağı ve üzerinde yaşayan köylüleri tek
bir kimsenin malı sayan siyasal düzen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">feribot</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. ferryboat</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
arabalı vapur<br />
Kara yolu ve demir yolu araçları ile yolcuları bir kıyıdan öbür kıyıya
geçirmeye yarayan gemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fermantasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fermentation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>mayalanma<br />
Organik maddelerin bazı mikroorganizmalarca salgılanan enzimler etkisiyle
uğradığı değişiklik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fermejüp</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fermé-jup</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çıtçıt<br />
Üzerinde dikili bulundukları şeyin iki kenarını üst üste getirerek
birleştirmeye ve tutturmaya yarayan, iki parçadan yapılmış metal nesne.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>kim. </i>maya<br />
Bazı besinlerin yapımında mayalanmayı sağlamak için kullanılan madde.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fiction</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. fiction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sin. </i>ve<i> TV </i>kurgu<br />
Gerçek olmayan olay ve kahramanlardan oluşan eser.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fideizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fidéisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>din b. </i>inancılık<br />
Temel gerçeklerin akılla kavranamayacağını ancak inan yoluyla elde
edilebileceğini savunan öğretilerin genel adı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">figürasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. figuration</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
biçimleme<br />
Çeşitli maddelerin biçimsel imkânları ile birbirleri arasındaki düzen
ilişkilerini araştırma işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">figüratif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. figüratif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
betili<br />
İçinde insan, hayvan ve doğa ögeleri bulunan (resim veya heykel).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fiks menü</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fixe menu</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tek liste<br />
Yenilecek yemeklerin ne olduğu önceden belirlenip gelen müşterilere aynı
yemeklerin verildiği uygulama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fiktif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fictif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
itibari<br />
Gerçekten öyle olmadığı hâlde öyle sayılan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">filateli</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. philatélie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
pulculuk<br />
Pul derleyiciliği veya derleyenlere satma işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">filatelist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. philatéliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
pulcu<br />
Pul derleyen veya derleyenlere pul satan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">filigran</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. filigrane</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
suyolu<br />
Bazı kâğıtların dokusunda bulunan, ışığa tutulduğunda görülebilen çizgi, resim
veya yazı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">filogenez</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phylogenèse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>soy oluş<br />
Türlerin, ortaya çıktıkları zamandan bulundukları zamana kadar geçirdikleri
gelişim evrelerinin tümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">filolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. philolugue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dil bilimci<br />
Dil bilimiyle uğraşan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">filoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. philologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dil bilimi<br />
Dillerin yapısını, gelişmesini, dünyada yayılmasını ve aralarındaki ilişkileri
ses, biçim, anlam ve cümle bilgisi bakımından genel veya karşılaştırmalı olarak
inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">filtre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. filtre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
süzgeç, süzek<br />
Bir akışkandaki yabancı maddeleri süzüp ayıran alet veya aletlerden oluşan
düzenek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">final four</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. final-four</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>dörtlü final<br />
Dört takımın katılımı ile oynanan final maçları.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">finalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. finalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>erekçilik<br />
Her şeyin bir erekle belirlendiğini, bir ereğe yöneldiğini, her şeyin bir
ereklik yasasına göre olup bittiğini benimseyen görüş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">finans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. finance</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. para, mal, 2. mali işler<br />
<b>1. </b>Kazanç. <b>2. </b>Bir kimsenin, bir tüzel kişinin mülkiyeti
altında bulunan, taşınır veya taşınmaz varlıkların bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">finanse</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. financé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>akçalanmış<br />
Akçalanmak anlamındaki <b>finanse edilmek</b>, akçalamak
anlamındaki <b>finanse etmek</b> birleşik fiillerinde geçer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">finiş</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. finish</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. bitme, 2. <i>sp. </i>varış<br />
<b>1. </b>Bitmek işi. <b>2. </b>Bir yarışın son bulduğu yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">first lady</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. first lady</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
başbayan<br />
Devlet büyüklerinin eşi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">first-class</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. first-class</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
birinci sınıf<br />
Kaliteli, mükemmel, kusursuz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fistül</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fistule</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>akarca<br />
Sürekli işleyen çıban.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. fit</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. ödeşme, 2. razı olma<br />
<b>1. </b>Ödeşmek işi. <b>2. </b>Benimseme, kabul etme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fitness</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. fitness</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sağlıklı yaşam<br />
Sağlık kurallarına dikkat ederek sürdürülen hayat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fitocoğrafya</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng.
phytogeography</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>bitki coğrafyası<br />
Yeryüzünün bitki örtüsünü ve bu örtünün çevreyle ilgisini inceleyen coğrafya
bilimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fizibilite</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. feasibility</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yapılabilirlik<br />
Herhangi bir girişimin işletme ve ekonomi yönlerinden durumunu önceden tespit
etme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fizyoterapi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. physiothérapie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>fizik tedavisi<br />
Hastalıkları su, ışık, hava, elektrik vb. fiziksel ve mekanik yöntemlerle
tedavi etme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">flashback</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. flashback</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
geriye dönüş<br />
Roman, hikâye, sinema vb.nde geçmişteki bir olayı, gösterilen o anda yeniden
verme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">flaşör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. flasheur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dörtlü<br />
Taşıtlarda uyarı için dört sinyal lambasının aynı anda yanıp sönmesini sağlayan
düzen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">flora</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bit. b. </i>bitki örtüsü<br />
Bir bölgede yetişen bitkilerin tümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fobi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phobie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh. b. </i>yılgı<br />
Belirli nesneler veya durumlar karşısında duyulan olağan dışı güçlü korku.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">folk</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. folk</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
halk<br />
Aynı ülkede yaşayan, aynı kültür özelliklerine sahip olan, aynı uyruktaki insan
topluluğu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">folklor</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. folklore</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
halk bilimi<br />
Bir ülkede yaşayan halkın kültür ürünlerini, sözlü edebiyatını, geleneklerini,
törelerini, inançlarını, mutfağını, müziğini, oyunlarını, halk hekimliğini
inceleyerek bunların birbirleriyle ilişkilerini belirten, kaynak, evrim,
yayılım, değişim, etkileşim vb. sorunlarını çözmeye, sonuç, kural, kuram ve
yasaları bulmaya çalışan bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fonem</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phonème</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>ses birimi<br />
Dildeki başka seslerle kurduğu ilişki yönünden belirlenen ayırıcı özelliği
bulunan ses ögesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fonetik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phonétique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>db. </i>ses bilgisi, 2. sesçil<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir dilin seslerini boğumlanma noktaları, boğumlanma özellikleri
vb. bakımlardan inceleyen dil bilimi kolu. <b>2. </b>Sesleri bütün
özellikleri ve ayrıntılarıyla gösteren.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fonksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fonction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>işlev<br />
Bir nesne veya bir kimsenin gördüğü iş, iş görme yetisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fonksiyonalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
fonctionnalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>ve <i>top. b. </i>işlevcilik<br />
Toplumu, her bir ögesi belli bir işlev yapan karşılıklı bağlılıklar ve
etkileşmeler düzeni olarak gören, toplumu tek başına belirleyen herhangi bir
temelin bulunmadığını savunan akım.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fonksiyonel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fonctionnel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
işlevsel<br />
İşlevle ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fonolit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phonolite</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>min. </i>sesli taş<br />
Vurulduğunda çınlama sesi veren, gri veya yeşil renkli, ortoklazlı yanardağ
kayası.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fonolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phonologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ses bilimci<br />
Ses bilimi ile uğraşan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fonoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phonologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ses bilimi<br />
Sözlü dilde, anlam ayrımı oluşturan yakın ses birimlerini, dil yapısı
bakımından inceleyen dil bilimi kolu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">font</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. fount</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yazı karakteri<br />
Bilgisayarda birbiriyle uyumlu büyüklüğe ve biçime sahip, belirli bir özelliği
olan harfler dizisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">font</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fonte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dökme demir<br />
İçinde % 2'den % 6'ya kadar karbon bulunan bir demir karbon alaşımı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fork-lift</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. fork-lift</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çatal kaldıraç<br />
Önünde uzanan iki kolla özel hazırlanmış paletli yükleri kaldırıp taşıyan veya
istif eden motorlu araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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1. biçimci, 2. bürokrat<br />
<b>1. </b>Alışılmış kural, tutum, davranış veya belli biçimin dışına
çıkmayan. <b>2. </b>Devletle ilgili işlerin yürütülmesinde, kırtasiye
işlerini öne sürerek işlemleri zorlaştıran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">formalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. formalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>biçimcilik<br />
Özü, içeriği yeterince önemsemeden yalnız biçim üzerinde duran, biçime ağırlık
veren görüş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">formasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. formation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. biçimlenme, 2. <i>eğt. </i>yetişim<br />
<b>1. </b>İmlenmek işi. <b>2. </b>Öğretmen olabilmek için alınan
mesleki eğitim derslerinin bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">format</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. format</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>bl. </i>biçim, 2. <i>sin.</i>ve<i> TV </i>boyut<br />
<b>1. </b>Yazı ve simgelerin bilgisayarda kullanılmaya elverişli
çerçevesi, düzeni. <b>2. </b>Film veya fotoğrafta boyut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">formel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. formel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. biçimsel, 2. resmî<br />
<b>1. </b>Biçime dayanan, biçimle ilgili, şekle ait. <b>2. </b>Devletin
öngördüğü yöntemlere uygun olarak yapılan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">forum</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
toplu tartışma<br />
Dinleyici durumunda olanların da söz alabildikleri belli bir konu üzerinde
düzenlenmiş toplantı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">forvet</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. forward</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>1. ileri uç, 2. ileri uç oyuncusu<br />
<b>1. </b>Futbolda ileri hat. <b>2. </b>Futbolda görevi karşı
tarafa top sürmek ve gol atmak olan ileri uçtaki oyuncu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">foseptik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fosse septique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
lağım çukuru<br />
Atık suları ve pislikleri toplamak için kazılmış kapalı kuyu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fotokopi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. photocopie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tıpkıçekim<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir yazı, kitap veya biçimin fotoğraf yoluyla kopyasını çıkarma
yöntemi. <b>2. </b>Bu yöntemle elde edilen kopya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fotometre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. photomètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>ışıkölçer<br />
<b>1. </b>Işık şiddetini veya enerjisini ölçen araç. <b>2. </b>Bir
ışık kaynağının, belli uzaklıkta oluşturduğu aydınlığı ölçme işinde kullanılan
araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fotometri</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. photométrie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>ışık ölçümü<br />
Fiziğin, ışık miktarının ölçülmesini ve cisimlerin ışığı iletme, yansıtma,
dağıtma vb. özelliklerini inceleyen bölümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fotosfer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. photosphère</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>ışık yuvarı<br />
Güneş'in veya bir yıldızın görülen yüzeyi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fototaksi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phototaxie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bit. b. </i>ışığa göçüm<br />
Bir hücrelilerde birdenbire aydınlanma sonucu görülen tepkime.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fototaktizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phototactisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bit. b. </i>ışığa göçüm<br />
Bir hücrelilerde birdenbire aydınlanma sonucu görülen tepkime.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fototropizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. phototropisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bit. b. </i>ışığa doğrulum<br />
Işık etkisiyle bir bitkinin büyüme hareketi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fragman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fragment</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sin. </i>tanıtma filmi<br />
Bir sinemada bir sonraki programı veya filmi tanıtmak için filmden önce
gösterilen örnek parçalar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fraksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fraction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>1. bölüntü, bölüngü, 2. hizip<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir siyasi partinin politikasını parlamentoda, yerel
yönetimlerde, çeşitli kuruluşlarda yürütmek için teşkilatlanmış grup. <b>2. </b>Bir
siyasi partinin içinde, partinin izlemekte olduğu ana siyasi çizgiye karşı
olan, ayrı bir teşkilat merkezi bulunan ve partinin çoğunlukla aldığı kararlara
karşı savaşan parti içi grup.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">free-lance</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. free-lance</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bağımsız<br />
<b>1. </b>Davranışlarını, tutumunu, girişimlerini herhangi bir gücün
etkisinde kalmadan düzenleyebilen. <b>2. </b>Herhangi bir kuruluşa,
partiye bağlı olmayan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">free-shop</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. free-shop</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gümrüksüz mağaza<br />
Gümrük vergisi ödenmesi gerekmeyen malların satışının yapıldığı mağaza.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">frekans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fréquence</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>sıklık<br />
Ses, dalga vb.nin birim zamandaki titreşim sayısı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">frijider</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. frigidaire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
buzdolabı<br />
Yiyecek, içecek vb.ni soğuk olarak saklamaya yarayan, motorla çalışan dolap.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">frikik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. free-kick</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>serbest vuruş<br />
Bir oyuncunun kural dışı davranışta bulunması üzerine, kural dışı davranışın
yapıldığı noktadan karşı takım oyuncularının yaptığı vuruş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fruktoz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. fructose</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>meyve şekeri<br />
Balda ve birçok meyvede bulunan bir tür şeker.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fuaye</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. foyer</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dinlenmelik<br />
Bir gösteri veya toplantı binasında, temsil veya toplantı aralarında kullanılan
dinlenme yeri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fuel-oil</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. fuel-oil</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yağ yakıt<br />
Ham petrolün damıtılması sonunda elde edilen ve yakıt olarak kullanılan ürün.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">full-time</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. full-time</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tam gün<br />
Yasalara göre kabul edilmiş olan bir iş günü süresi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fundamentalist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
fondamentaliste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>kökten dinci<br />
Kökten dincilik yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fundamentalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
fondamentalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>kökten dincilik<br />
<b>1. </b>Kurulu düzenin temellerini dinî kural ve inançlar doğrultusunda
değiştirip uygulamadan yana olan tutum veya öğreti. <b>2. </b>Birinci
Dünya Savaşı yıllarında Amerika'da ortaya çıkan protestan kökenli dinî akım.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fut</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. foot</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ayak<br />
Yarım arşın veya 30,5 santimetre uzunluğundaki ölçü birimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">futbol</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. football</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>ayak topu<br />
Topu, kafa veya ayak vuruşları ile karşı kaleye sokma kuralına dayanan ve on
birer kişilik iki takım arasında oynanan top oyunu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fütürist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. futuriste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gelecekçi<br />
Gelecekçilik yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fütürizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. futurisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gelecekçilik<br />
İtalyan şairi Marinetti'nin 1909 yılında yayımladığı bildiri ile ortaya çıkan,
yeni hayatı övme, geleneksel edebî kuralları yıkma amacını güden ve Dadacılık,
gerçeküstücülük vb. akımlara öncülük etmiş olan edebiyat çığırı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fütüroloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. futurologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gelecek bilimi<br />
Küresel bir perspektif içinde geleceği öngörmeye çalışan bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-88912598393057290152017-06-22T02:12:00.001-07:002017-06-22T08:26:39.523-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - E<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">e-mail</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. e-mail</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
elektronik posta<br />
Bilgisayarlar veya bir ağ içindeki belli gönderim merkezleri arasında
elektronik bilgi iletişimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">edisyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. édition</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. bası, 2. baskı<br />
<b>1. </b>Resim klişesi, dökme harf, taş kalıp kullanarak makine yardımı
ile kâğıt, bez vb.ne yazı, resim, çıkarma işi. <b>2. </b>Bir eserin
tekrarlanarak yapılan baskı işlemlerinden her biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">editör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. éditeur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yayımcı<br />
Bir sanatçının, bir yazarın eserini yayıma hazırlayan kimse veya kuruluş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">efemine</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. eféminé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kadınsı<br />
Davranış ve kılık kıyafet bakımından kadına özenen (erkek).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">efor</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. effort</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çaba, güç<br />
Herhangi bir işi yapmak için ortaya konan güç, zorlu, sürekli çalışma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">egoist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. égoïste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bencil<br />
Yalnız kendini düşünen, kendi çıkarlarını herkesinkinden üstün tutan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">egoizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. égoïsme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bencillik<br />
Bencil olma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">egosantrizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. égocentrisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>beniçincilik<br />
Dünyada kişinin benliğini merkez sayan felsefe görüşü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">egotizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. égotisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>benlikçilik<br />
Kendi benliğinin gelişimini, bütün davranışlarının ilkesi yapan kişinin
niteliği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">egzama</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. eczéma</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>mayasıl<br />
Tende kızartı, kaşınma, sulanma, kabuk bağlama vb. doku bozukluklarıyla kendini
gösteren ve bulaşıcı olmayan bir deri hastalığı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">egzersiz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. exercice</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>alıştırma<br />
Bir beceriyi, bilgiyi kazanmak için yapılan tekrar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>fel. </i>varoluşçu<br />
Varoluşçuluk yanlısı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">egzistansiyalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
existentialisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>varoluşçuluk<br />
Varoluşun özden önce geldiğini ve özü sürekli olarak yarattığını ileri süren
öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">egzogami</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. exogamie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>dış evlilik<br />
Evlenecek kimsenin eşini kendi boy veya soyunun dışından seçmesi kuralına
dayalı evlilik biçimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">egzomorfizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. exomorphisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>jeol. </i>dış başkalaşım<br />
Magmanın sokulmasıyla, komşu kayaçların uğradığı başkalaşma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">egzotik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. exotique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yabancıl<br />
Uzak, yabancı ülkelerle ilgili, bu ülkelerden getirilmiş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">egzotizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. exotisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yabancıllık<br />
Bir eserde uzak, yabancı ülkelerle ilgili olayları, kişileri, yöresel görüşleri
yansıtma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ejektör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. éjecteur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
fışkırtıcı<br />
Belli hızla hareket eden bir akışkan yardımıyla, başka bir akışkanın
boşalmasını sağlayan alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekarte</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. écarté</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
saf dışı bırakılmış, konu dışı tutulmuş<br />
Saf dışı etmek, konu dışında tutmak anlamındaki <b>ekarte etmek</b>, saf
dışı edilmek, konu dışında tutulmak anlamındaki <b>ekarte olmak </b>birleşik
fiillerinde geçer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekinoks</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. équinoxe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>gün tün eşitliği<br />
Gece ile gündüzün eşit olması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekip</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. équipe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
takım<br />
Görev bakımından birbirini tamamlayan kimselerin topluluğu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekipman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. équipement</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
takım<br />
Bir işte veya bir yerde kullanılan eşya ve aletlerin tamamı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eklektik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. éclectique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>seçmeci<br />
Seçmecilik yanlısı olan (filozof, görüş vb.).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eklektizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. éclectisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>seçmecilik<br />
Kurulmuş olan dizgelerden değişik düşünceleri seçip alma ve kendi öğretisinde
birleştirme yöntemi ve bu yöntemle çalışan filozofların öğretisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekliptik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. écliptique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>gök b. </i>tutulum<br />
Bir yıl boyunca Güneş'in gök küresi üzerinde çizdiği çemberin sınırladığı
daire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eko</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. eco</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yankı<br />
Sesin bir yere çarpıp geri dönmesiyle duyulan ikinci ses.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekolali</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. écholalie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>yankılı konuşma<br />
Başka birinin kullandığı söz veya cümleleri anlamsız olarak yankı gibi
tekrarlama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekopraksi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. échopraxie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>yansıca<br />
Başkasının yaptığı hareket ve davranışları anlamsız olarak tekrarlama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekran</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. écran</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sin. ve TV </i>görüntülük<br />
<b>1. </b>Üzerine bir cismin ışık yoluyla görüntüsü düşürülen, saydam
olmayan düz yüzey. <b>2. </b>Beyaz perde. <b>3. </b>Televizyon
camı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eksantrik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. excentrique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>mat. </i>dış merkezli, 2. <i>top. b.</i> ayrıksı<br />
<b>1. </b>Dış merkezlikle ilgili olan. <b>2. </b>Alışılagelmiş
töre ve davranışlara aykırı olan. <b>3. </b>Başka, bambaşka, apayrı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eksaserbasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. exacerbation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>alevlenme<br />
Sessizce sürmekte olan bir hastalığın belirtilerinin artması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eksibisyonizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
exhibitionnisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>göstermecilik<br />
Cinsel organlarını gösterme biçiminde görülen ruhsal sapıklık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekskavatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. excavateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kazaratar, kazmaç<br />
Eklemli bir kol üzerinde hareket eden kepçeli bir çark veya zincirle donatılmış
kazı makinesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eksper</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. expert</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bilirkişi<br />
Belirli bir konudan iyi anlayan ve bir anlaşmazlığı çözümlemek için kendisine
başvurulan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eksperimantalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
expérimentalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>deneyselcilik<br />
Gerçek bilginin ancak deney yoluyla elde edilebileceğini, bilgilerimizin
varsayıma dayanan bir nitelik taşıdığını, gerçeğin insan yaşantısının bir ürünü
olarak düşünülmesi gerektiğini, değerler ile ahlaklılığın mutlak değil,
toplumsal olduğunu ileri süren öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eksperyans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. expérience</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
deneyim<br />
Bir kimsenin belli bir sürede veya hayat boyu edindiği bilgilerin tamamı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekspoze</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. exposé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
özet<br />
Bir yazı veya sözün anlamını daha kısa ve özlü biçimde veren yazı veya söz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekspozisyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. exposition</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sergileme<br />
Sergilemek işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekspres</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. exprès</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
özel ulak<br />
Geldiği postanede bekletilmeden özel bir araç veya görevli ile yerine
ulaştırılan (mektup, paket vb.).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekspresyonist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
expressionniste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>dışa vurumcu<br />
Dışa vurumculuk akımına bağlı olan (sanatçı).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekspresyonizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
expressionnisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>dışa vurumculuk<br />
Olayların, varlıkların gerçekten olduğu gibi değil de sanatçının iç dünyasına
göre anlatılması anlayışına dayanan sanat akımı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekstre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. extrait</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. öz, 2. <i>tic. </i>hesap özeti, 3. <i>kim.</i> özüt<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir şeyin en kuvvetli veya kıvamlı bölümü. <b>2. </b>Hesap
sahiplerinin hesabına yatan ve söz konusu hesaptan çekilen miktarların dökümünü
gösteren cetvel. <b>3. </b>Bir maddenin herhangi bir yolla elde
edilmiş olan özü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekstrem</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. extrême</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. aşırı, 2. uç, 3. sıra dışı<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir şeye gereğinden çok fazla bağlanan, önem veren. <b>2. </b>Bir
şeye gereğinden çok fazla bağlanan, önem veren. <b>3. </b>Alışılmışın
dışında olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ektoderm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ectoderme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>dış deri<br />
Sinir sistemini ve duygu organlarını oluşturan, embriyonun dış yüzünü örten
tabaka.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekü</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. écu</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
avro<br />
Avrupa Birliği'nin ortak para birimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eküri</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. écurie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ahırdaş<br />
Aynı at sahibine veya at ortaklığı bulunan kişilere ait olan, aynı koşuya
katılan atlar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ekvatoral</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. équaritoral</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>eşleksel<br />
Ekvator'la ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ekzotermik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. exothermique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>ısıveren<br />
Isı açığa çıkaran, çevresine ısı salan (birleşme, tepkime).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">elastik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. élastique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
esnek<br />
Bir dış gücün etkisi altında uzama, kısalma, eğrilme vb. biçim değişikliklerine
uğradıktan sonra, etkinin kalkmasıyla eski biçimini alabilme özelliğinde olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eleman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. élément</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
öge<br />
Birleşik bir şeyi oluşturan basit şeylerden her biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eliminasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. élimination</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
eleme<br />
Elemek işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">elimine</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. éliminé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>elenmiş<br />
Elemek anlamındaki <b>elimine etmek</b>, elenmek anlamındaki <b>elimine
olmak (</b>veya <b>edilmek) </b>birleşik fiillerinde geçer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">elips</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ellipse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>dil b. </i>eksilti<br />
Anlatımda kolaylık sağlamak üzere bir kelimedeki eklerin veya bir cümledeki
kelimelerin azaltılarak kullanılması olayı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">elit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. élite</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
seçkin<br />
Bir toplumda saygın ve etkin mevkilerde bulunan ve toplumun eğitim, ekonomi,
siyaset, askeriye, din, sanat vb. alanlarıyla ilgili etkinliklerin denetimini
elinde tutan (kişi veya grup).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">emboli</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. embolie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>damar tıkanıklığı<br />
Atardamar kanının pıhtılaşması veya yağ parçacıklarının oluşması sonucunda
meydana gelen tıkanma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">embriyo</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. embryon</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>oğulcuk<br />
Döllenmiş yumurtacığın gelişmeye başladığı andan dölüt olmasına kadar geçen
süredeki adı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">emisyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. émission</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. çıkarma<i>, </i>2. <i>ekon. </i>sürüm<br />
<b>1. </b>Çıkarmak işi. <b>2. </b>Devletçe para, senet ve tahvil
çıkarma, piyasaya sürme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">empati</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. empathie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>duygudaşlık<br />
<b>1. </b>Aynı duyguları paylaşma. <b>2. </b>Kendini duygu ve
düşüncede bir başkasının yerine koyabilme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">emperyalist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. impérialiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yayılmacı, yayılımcı<br />
Emperyalizm yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">emperyalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. impérialisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yayılmacılık, yayılımcılık<br />
Bir milletin sömürü temeline dayanarak başka bir milleti siyasi ve ekonomik
egemenliği altına alıp yayılması veya yayılmayı istemesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">empoze</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. imposé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dayatılmış<br />
Zorla kabul ettirilmiş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">empresyonist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
impressionniste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
izlenimci<br />
İzlenimcilik yanlısı olan (sanat veya sanatçı).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">empresyonizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
impressionnisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
izlenimcilik<br />
Doğayı, gerçekte olduğu gibi bütün ayrıntılarına bağlı kalarak değil, ondan
edinilen izlenimin ölçüsüne göre anlatan, doğrudan doğruya gerçeği, nesneyi
değil de onun sanatçıda uyandırdığı duyumları veren sanat akımı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">emprovizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. improvisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
doğaçlama<br />
Doğaçlamak işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">emprovize</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. improvise</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
doğaçlama<br />
Birdenbire, düşünmeden, içine doğduğu gibi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">endeks</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. index</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. dizin, 2. <i>ekon. </i>gösterge<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir kitabın veya derginin kişi, konu, yer adı vb. bakımından
içindekileri yer numarasıyla belirten ve eserin arkasında yer alan alfabetik
liste. <b>2. </b>Bir gelişimi gösteren nicelikler veya değerler
arasındaki ilişki.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">endirekt</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. indirect</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dolaylı<br />
Doğrudan doğruya olmayan, dolayısıyla olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">endoderm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. indoderme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>ve<i> bit. b. </i>iç deri<br />
<b>1. </b>Bitkilerin kök, sap ve yapraklarında kabuğun iç bölümü. <b>2. </b>Sindirim
ve solunum kanallarının iç yüzlerini ve karaciğerin, pankreasın içini örten
tabaka.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">endogami</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. endogamie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>iç evlilik<br />
Evlenecek kimsenin eşini, kendi boy veya soyu içinden seçmesi kuralına dayalı
evlilik biçimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">endokrin</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. endocrine</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>iç salgı<br />
Vücuttaki salgı bezlerinin doğrudan doğruya kana karışmak üzere çıkardıkları
salgı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">endokrinoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. endocrinologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
iç salgı bilimi<br />
İç salgı bezlerinin gelişmelerini, işlevlerini, hastalıklarını inceleyen
biyoloji ve tıp dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">endoskop</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. endoscope</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>içgörür<br />
İnsan vücudunun herhangi bir boşluğunu, muayeneyi kolaylaştırmak için
aydınlatıp görünür duruma getiren alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">endoskopi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. endoscopy</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>iç görüm<br />
İnsan vücudunda, organ veya kovuk içlerinin endoskopla muayenesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">endoskopik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. endoscopic</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
iç görümlü<br />
Endoskopi ile ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">endotermik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. endothermique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>ısıalan<br />
Oluşumu sırasında ısı alan (birleşme, tepkime).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">endüksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. induction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>tümevarım<br />
Oluşumu sırasında ısı alan (birleşme, tepkime).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">endüstri</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. industrie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sanayi<br />
Ham maddeleri işlemek, enerji kaynaklarını yaratmak için kullanılan yöntemlerin
ve araçların bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">endüstriyalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. industrialisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sanayicilik<br />
İnsanın sanayiyi tek amaç olarak benimsediği sistem.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">endüstriyel</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. industriel</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sınai<br />
Sanayi ile ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enerji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. énergie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>erke<br />
Maddede var olan ve ısı, ışık biçiminde ortaya çıkan güç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enflamasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. inflammation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>yangı<br />
Vücudun mikroplara karşı koymak için herhangi bir yerine fazla kan hücumu ile
orada şişkinlik, kırmızılık, ısı ve ağrı ile beliren irin toplaması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enflasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. inflation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>para şişkinliği<br />
Dolanımdaki para miktarıyla, malların ve satın alınabilir hizmetlerin toplamı
arasındaki açığın büyümesinden ortaya çıkan ve fiyatların toplam yükselişi,
paranın değerinin düşmesi biçiminde kendini gösteren ekonomik parasal süreç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enformatik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. informatique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bilişim<br />
İnsanoğlunun teknik, ekonomik ve toplumsal alanlardaki iletişiminde kullandığı
ve bilimin dayanağı olan bilginin özellikle elektronik makineler aracılığıyla
düzenli ve akla uygun bir biçimde işlenmesi bilimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enfraruj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. infrarouge</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>kızıl ötesi<br />
Işık tayfında kırmızı alanın ötesindeki alanda yayılmış ısı ışınlarından
oluşan, gözle görülmeyen ışınım.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enfrastrüktür</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. infrastructure</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>top. b. </i>altyapı<br />
Toplumun ekonomik yapısını oluşturan ve insan bilincinden bağımsız olarak
biçimlenen üretim ilişkilerinin hepsi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enjeksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. injection</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>iğne<br />
Vücuda bu yolla ilaç verme işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enjekte</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. injecté</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>iç itilmiş<br />
Şırınga vb. ile vücuda verilmiş (sıvı).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enjektör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. injecteur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>iğne<br />
Kas veya damar yoluyla vücuda sıvı bir ilacı basınçla vermek için kullanılan
bir tür pompa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enstantane</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. instantené</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
anlık<br />
Kısa süren, bir an içinde olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enstrüman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. instrument</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>müz. </i>çalgı, 2. <i>tic. </i>mali belge<br />
<b>1. </b>Müzik aleti, çalgı aleti. <b>2. </b>Kredi açılışını
göstermek için çıkarılan ve ikrazcı bankaya finansman yenilemesi yapmayı
sağlayan senet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enstrümantal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. instrumental</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>müz. </i>sözsüz<br />
Sözleri olmaksızın çalınan (müzik).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enstrümantalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
instrumentalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>araççılık<br />
Düşünme biçimlerinin, kuramların, mantık ve ahlak biçimlerinin yalnızca hayatın
değişik şartlarına uyma araçları olduğunu savunan dünya görüşü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">entegrasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. intégration</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. bütünleşme, 2. uyum<br />
<b>1. </b>Bütünleşmek işi. <b>2. </b>Toplumsal çevreye veya bir
duruma uyma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">entegre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. intégré</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bütünleşmiş<br />
Bütün duruma gelmiş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">entelekt</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. intellect</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ruh b. </i>anlık<br />
Anlama gücü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">entelektüalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
intellectualisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>anlıkçılık<br />
Duyu ve irade karşısında anlığın üstünlüğünü ileri süren öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enternasyonal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. international</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
uluslararası<br />
Çeşitli milletlerin arasında yapılan, milletlerin arasında çok yönlü
ilişkilerle ilgili olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enternasyonalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr.
internationalisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
uluslararasıcılık<br />
Uluslararasındaki ilişkileri benimseme, uluslararasındaki ilişkilerden yana
olma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">enterne</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. interné</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gözaltında olan<br />
Gözaltına almak anlamındaki <b>enterne etmek </b>birleşik fiilinde
geçer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">entomoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. entomologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
böcek bilimi<br />
Böceklerin yapısını, yaşayışını ve hastalık yapıcı niteliklerini inceleyen
bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">entomolojist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. entomologiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
böcek bilimci<br />
Böcek bilimi uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">envestisman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. investissement</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>yatırım<br />
Millî ekonominin veya bir ticaret kuruluşunun üretim ve hizmet gücünü artırıcı
nitelikte olan aktif değerlerine yapılan yeni eklemeler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">epiderm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. épiderme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>ve<i> bit. b. </i>üst deri<br />
<b>1. </b><i>anat. </i>Deriyi oluşturan iki tabakadan dışta olanı. <b>2. </b><i>bit.
b.</i> Yüksek bitkilerde bütün bölümleri sararak onları dış etkilerden
koruyan renksiz, saydam, bir hücreli tabaka.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">epifit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. épiphyte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bit. b. </i>üst bitken<br />
Başka bir bitkinin üzerinde biten ancak asalak olmayan (bitki).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">epigenez</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. épigénèse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>sıralı oluş<br />
Birbirini takip etme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">epigrafi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. epigraphie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yazıt bilimi<br />
Konusu, yazıtları incelemek olan tarihe yardımcı bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">epik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. épique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ed. </i>destansı<br />
Destan niteliğinde olan, destana benzer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">epikriz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. épicrise</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>hikâye<br />
<b>1. </b>Hastanın rahatsızlığı ile ilgili geçmişi. <b>2. </b>Hastalığın
teşhis ve tedavisiyle ilgili her türlü bilgi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">epilepsi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. épilepsie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>sara<br />
Zaman zaman kendini kaybederek olduğu yere düşme, vücutta şiddetli çırpınmalar
ve ağız köpürmesi ile ortaya çıkan bir sinir hastalığı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">epilog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. épilogue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ed. </i>son söz<br />
Bazı edebî eserlerde yer alan son söz niteliğindeki bölüm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">episantır</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. épicentre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>jeol. </i>deprem ortası<br />
Depremin gerçekleşmesine neden olan fay kırılmasının tam olarak gerçekleştiği
yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">epistemoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. épistémologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bilgi kuramı<br />
Bilginin temelini, bilim alanında uygulanan yöntemleri, sınır ve güvenilirlik
bakımından inceleyip araştıran felsefe dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">epizot</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. épisode</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ed. </i>dilim<br />
Değişik anlatı türü, masal, efsane, bilmece vb. bir metnin, bir eserin aslından
az çok ayrılan değişik biçimli olanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">epope</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. épopée</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ed. </i>destan<br />
Tarih öncesi tanrı, tanrıça, yarı tanrı ve kahramanlarla ilgili olağanüstü
olayları konu alan şiir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eradikasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. éradication</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yok etme<br />
Ortadan kaldırmak.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ergonomi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ergonomie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
iş bilimi<br />
İnsanın, makinenin ve çevrenin bir arada uyumlu ve verimli bir biçimde
çalışmasını inceleyen bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ergonomik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ergonomique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. kullanışlı, 2. elverişli<br />
<b>1. </b>Rahatça kullanılabilen. <b>2. </b>İşe yarayan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eristik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. éristique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>didişim<br />
Konuşma ve tartışmayı bir araç değil, bir amaç sayan felsefe yöntemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eritrosit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. érythrocyte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>alyuvar<br />
Kana al rengini veren, çekirdeksiz, yuvarlak, küçük hücre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">erozyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. érosion</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>jeol. </i>aşınma, aşınım<br />
Yer kabuğunu oluşturan kayaçların, başta akarsular olmak üzere türlü dış
etmenlerle yıpratılıp yerinden koparılarak eritilmeleri veya bir yerden başka
bir yere taşınması olayı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eskiz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. esquisse</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
taslak<br />
Bir şeyi, bir sanat veya edebiyat eserini ana çizgileriyle, türlü bölümleriyle
belirten ön çalışma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eskort</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. escorte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
koruma aracı<br />
Önemli kişileri yolculukları sırasında varacakları yere ulaştırmak ve korumakla
görevli kişilerin bulunduğu araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eskrim</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. escrime</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>kılıç oyunu<br />
Dürtücü kılıç, kesici kılıç ve delici kılıç adı verilen silahlarla yapılan
spor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">espas</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. espace</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
aralık<br />
Basımcılıkta harfler veya satırlar arasındaki açıklık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">espiyonaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. espionnage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
casusluk<br />
Casus olma durumu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">estamp</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. estampe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
oyma baskı<br />
Çinko, bakır, tahta vb. levhalara kazıma ile yapılan resimleri kâğıda basma
tekniği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">estetik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. esthétique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>güzel duyu<br />
Güzelliği ve güzelliğin insan belleğindeki ve duygularındaki etkilerini konu
olarak ele alan felsefe kolu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eşarp</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. écharpe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
baş örtüsü<br />
Kadınların saçlarını örtmek için kullandıkları örtü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">etap</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. étape</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>1. aşama, 2. adım<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir yarışın belirli uzaklığı kapsayan bölümlerinden her biri. <b>2. </b>Bir
yarışın belirli uzaklığı kapsayan bölümlerinden her biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">etik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. éthique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
töre bilimi<br />
Yarar, iyi, kötü vb. sorunları inceleyen, töre ile ilgili bir davranış yasası
geliştirilen, neyin uğrunda savaşılmaya değer, yaşama neyin anlam kazandırdığı,
hangi davranışın iyi ve hangisinin kötü olduğu gibi sorunları kendine konu
edinen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">etimolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. étymologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
köken bilimci<br />
Köken bilimi ile uğraşan dil bilimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">etimoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. étymologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
köken bilimi<br />
Bir dildeki kelimelerin kaynağını gösteren, ne zaman ortaya çıktıklarını,
nereden geldiklerini, hangi evrelerden geçtiklerini araştıran, kelimelerin hem
biçim hem anlam tarihini ele alan dil bilimi dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">etimolojik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. étymologique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
köken bilimsel<br />
Köken bilimi ile ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">etiyoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. étiologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
neden bilimi<br />
<b>1. </b>Olgulara yol açan sebeplerin bütünü. <b>2. </b>Hastalık
sebeplerini araştıran tıp dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">etnograf</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ethnographe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
budun betimci<br />
Etnografya uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">etnografya</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Yun.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
budun betimi<br />
Kavimleri karşılaştırarak inceleyen, kültür oluşumlarını araştıran bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">etnolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ethnologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ırk bilimci<br />
Irk bilimi ile uğraşan kimse, budun bilimci.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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ırk bilimi<br />
İnsanların ırklara ayrılışını, bunların nereden çıktığını, oluşumunu, yeryüzüne
yayılışını, aralarındaki niteliklerini inceleyip karşılaştıran ve sınıflayan
bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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ırk bilimsel<br />
Irk bilimi ile ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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avro<br />
Avrupa Birliği'nin ortak para birimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eurobond</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. eurobond</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>avrovil<br />
Avrupa Birliği dışındaki ülkeler tarafından çıkarılan ve tutulan avroya dayalı
borç senedi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">evdemonizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. eudémonisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>mutçuluk<br />
Hayatın anlamını mutlulukta bulan, insan davranışlarının mutluluk isteğiyle
belirlendiği görüşüne dayanan ahlak öğretisi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">evolüsyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. evolution</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
gelişme<br />
Gelişmek işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">exhibition</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. exhibition</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sergi<br />
Alıcının görmesi, seçmesi için dizilmiş şeylerin tümü ve bu nesnelerin
serildiği yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">extranet</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. extranet</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bl. </i>dış ağ<br />
Yerel ağlarla birbirine bağlı birçok bilgisayarın Genel Ağ'ı kullanarak
birbirleriyle iletişim kurduğu bilgi iletişim ağı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ezoterik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. ésotérique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>içrek<br />
Belirli bir insan topluluğunun dışında kimseye bildirilmeyen, yalnızca sınırlı,
dar bir çevreye aktarılan (her türlü bilgi, öğreti).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-13907541103479675682017-06-22T02:06:00.001-07:002017-06-22T08:25:33.810-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - D<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">daltonizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. daltonisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>renk körlüğü<br />
Bütün renkleri veya birkaç rengi, özellikle kırmızı ile yeşili birbirinden
ayırt etmeye engel olan görme bozukluğu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dancing</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. dancing</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dans salonu<br />
Dans etmek için gidilen, halka açık yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dansimetre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. densimètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>yoğunlukölçer<br />
Sıvıların özgül ağırlığını ölçen araç.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dart</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. dart</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
oklama<br />
Hedef noktaları dairesel olarak belirlenmiş nişan tahtasına küçük okların
atılmasıyla oynanan bir tür oyun.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">data</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. data</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
veri<br />
Bilgi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">datif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. datif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>yönelme durumu<br />
Ad soyundan bir sözü yönelme kavramıyla fiile veya bir edata bağlayan <b>-a
/ -e</b> ekiyle kurulan durum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">deadline</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. deadline</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
süre sonu<br />
Bir işin bitirilmesi veya borcun ödenmesi için öngörülen sürenin sona ermesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dealer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. dealer</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
satımcı<br />
Satım işini yapan (kimse).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dealing</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. dealing</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tic. </i>satım<br />
Satıcı ile alıcı arasında yapılan ve bir malın alıcıya verilmesi ve bunun
karşılığında bir fiyat, bir değer alınması yoluyla yapılan işlem.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">debi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. débit</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>akım<br />
Bir akarsuyun herhangi bir kesiminden saniyede geçen suyun hacmi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dedektör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. détecteur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
algılayıcı<br />
Gaz, mayın, radyoaktif mineral, manyetik dalga vb.ni bulmaya, tanımaya yarayan
cihaz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dedüksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. déduction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>tümdengelim<br />
Tümel bir önermeden tikel bir önermeye, yasalardan olaylara, etkenden etkiye
geçme yolu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">defans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. défense</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>savunma<br />
Bir takımın, kalesini korumak için gösterdiği çaba.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">defansif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. défensive</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>savunmalı<br />
Savunmayı esas alarak kurulan (oyun düzeni).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">deflasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. déflation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>para kısıtlaması<br />
Para şişkinliğine karşı önlem olarak paranın piyasada azalmasıyla satın alma
gücünün artması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">deflatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. déflateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>para kısıtlayıcı<br />
Para kısıtlaması işlemini yapan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">defroster</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. defroster</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
buzçözer<br />
Buzu çözen, donmayı önleyen alet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dejenerasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dégénération</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. yozlaşma, 2. soysuzlaşma, 3. <i>fiz. ve kim.</i> bozunum<br />
<b>1. </b>Yozlaşmak durumu. <b>2. </b>Soysuzlaşmak işi. <b>3. </b><i>fiz. </i>Işın
etkin bir çekirdeğin ışınım salarak değişikliğe uğraması olayı. <b>4. </b><i>kim. </i>Birleşik
bir maddenin daha yalın bileşiklere veya bileşenlere tek yönlü olarak
ayrılması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dejenere</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dégénéré</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. soysuz, 2. yoz, 3. <i>fiz. ve kim.</i> bozulmuş, 4. <i>fiz.
ve kim.</i> bozunmuş<br />
<b>1. </b>Soyunun özelliklerini yitirmiş olan (kimse, bitki vb.). <b>2. </b>Biyolojik
ve toplumsal ölçüler yönünden göze batacak kadar kötüye giden (kimse).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dekadans</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. décadence</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çöküş<br />
Devletlerin veya uygarlıkların son bulması, mahvolması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">deklarasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. déclaration</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. bildiri, 2. <i>huk. </i>mal bildirimi<br />
<b>1. </b>Resmî bir makam, kurum veya resmî olmayan bir örgüt, topluluk
tarafından herhangi bir durumu ilgililere duyurmak için yazılan yazı. <b>2. </b>Mülkiyeti
altında bulunan taşınır ve taşınmaz malların listelenerek istenen makama
sunulması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dekoder</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. decoder</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tek. </i>çözücü<br />
Elektronik alıcılar için şifre veya bilgi çözücü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dekolte</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. décolleté</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. açık giyim, 2. açık giyimli<br />
<b>1. </b>Kadın giyiminin kolları, göğsü veya sırtı açıkta bırakan biçimi. <b>2. </b>Göreneğe
aykırı derecede çıplak.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dekont</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. décompte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>hesap belgesi<br />
<b>1. </b>Bankalarda çekilen veya yatırılan para karşılığında verilen
belge. <b>2. </b>Alınmış veya ödenmiş olan tutarın dökümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dekoratör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. décorateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
iç mimar<br />
Bir yapıyı, kullanım ve estetik bakımından ele alıp insanın fiziksel ve ruhsal
özelliklerine uygun olarak tasarlayan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">demagog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. démagogue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
laf cambazı<br />
Bir kimsenin, bir grubun duygularını kamçılayarak abartılı veya gerçek dışı
sözler söyleyen kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">demagoji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. démagogie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
laf cambazlığı<br />
Bir kimsenin, bir grubun duygularını kamçılayarak abartılı veya gerçek dışı
sözler söyleyip onları kazanmaya çalışma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">demarke</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. demarké</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>sıyrılmış, boşta kalmış<br />
Rakip oyuncular tarafından tutulmaktan kurtulmuş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">demo</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. demo</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tanıtım gösterisi<br />
Bir şeyi tanıtmak amacıyla yapılan sunum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">demograf</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. démographe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
nüfus bilimci<br />
Nüfus bilimiyle uğraşan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">demografi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. démographie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
nüfus bilimi<br />
İnsan nüfusunu yapı, gelişme ve dağılım açısından inceleyen bilim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">demografik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. démographique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
nüfus bilimsel<br />
Nüfus bilimiyle ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">demonstrasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. démonstration</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tanıtım gösterisi<br />
Bir şeyi tanıtmak amacıyla yapılan sunum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">demoralizasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. démoralisation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
moral çöküntüsü<br />
Manevi dirençsizlik, ruhsal yönden direnememe, cesareti yitirme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">demoralize</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. démoralise</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
morali bozulmuş<br />
Manevi gücü azalmışi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dendroloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dendrologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ağaç bilimi<br />
Botaniğin ağaçları inceleyen dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">deontoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. déontologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ödev bilimi<br />
Bir mesleği uygularken uyulması gereken ahlaki değer ve etik kuralları
inceleyen bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">depar</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. départ</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>çıkış<br />
Verilen bir işaretle yarışa başlama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">departman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. département</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bölüm<br />
Bir okul veya üniversitenin herhangi bir bilim ve uzmanlık dalında eğitim
sağlayan birimlerinden her biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">deplase</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. deplasé</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yeri değişmiş<br />
Yerini değiştirmek anlamındaki <b>deplase etmek</b>, yeri değişmek.
anlamındaki <b>deplase olmak</b> birleşik fiillerinde geçer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">deplasman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. déplacement</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>dış saha<br />
<b>1. </b>Spor takımlarının kendi sahaları dışında oynaması durumu. <b>2. </b>Sporcuların
daha önce oynamadıkları veya rakip takımla karşılaşma yapmak üzere geldikleri
rakip takımın sahası.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">depozit</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. deposito</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>güvence akçesi<br />
Herhangi bir sorumluluk yerine getirilmediğinde karşı tarafça el konulacak olan
para.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">depozito</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İt. deposito</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>güvence akçesi<br />
Herhangi bir sorumluluk yerine getirilmediğinde karşı tarafça el konulacak olan
para.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">depresyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dépression</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>ruh b. </i>bunalım, 2. <i>ekon.</i> çöküntü<br />
<b>1. </b>Uyaranlara karşı duyarlığın, iş yapabilme gücünün, kendine
güvenin azalarak karamsarlığın, umutsuzluğun güçlenmesiyle ortaya çıkan ruhsal
bozukluk. <b>2. </b>Çoğunluğa ilişkin satın alma gücünün durması,
satış değerlerinin düşmesi, çalışma gücünün azalması vb. sebeplerle ortaya
çıkan ekonomik durum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dermatolog</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dermatologue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>cildiyeci<br />
Cilt hastalıkları uzmanı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dermatoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dermatologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>cildiye<br />
Hekimliğin deri hastalıkları ile ilgili dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">derogasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. derogation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>huk. </i>ayrıklık<br />
Genel kuraldan ayrılma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">designer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. designer</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tasarımcı<br />
Tasarım yapan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">desikatör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dessiccateur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tek. </i>kurutma kabı<br />
İçinde nemçeker bir kimyasal madde bulunan ve bazı maddeleri kurutmak veya
nemlenmelerini önlemek için kullanılan kapaklı cam kap.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">desimal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. décimal</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>mat. </i>ondalık sistem<br />
<b>1. </b>Temel birimlerin katları ve askatları, bu birimlerin ondalık
kuvvetleri olan uzunluk ve ağırlık ölçümlerinde kullanılan sistem. <b>2. </b>Tabanı
10 olan normal sayma sayılarından oluşan sistem.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">deskriptif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. descriptif</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tasvirî<br />
Tasvir niteliğinde olan, tasvirle ilgili.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">deşarj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. décharge</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>boşalma<br />
Elektrik yükünün başka bir iletkene geçişi veya sıfıra düşmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">deşifre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. déchiffré</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çözülmüş, açıklanmış<br />
Bir sözün, bir yazının ne anlatmak istediği ortaya konmuş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">detant</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. détente</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yumuşama<br />
Dünyada soğuk savaş döneminden sonra stratejik silahların geliştirilmesiyle
başlayan siyasal gerginliğin ortadan kaldırılması siyaseti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">detay</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. détail</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ayrıntı<br />
Bir bütünün önemce ikinci derecede olan ögelerinden her biri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">deterjan</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. détergent</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
arıtıcı<br />
Petrol türevlerinden elde edilen, temizleme özelliği bulunan, toz, sıvı veya
krem durumunda olabilen kimyasal madde.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">determinasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. détermination</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>belirlenim<br />
Bir kavramın anlamının, içeriğinin, yapısının veya sınırlarının tam olarak
belirlenmesi işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">determinist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. déterministe</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>belirlenimci<br />
Belirlenimcilik yanlısı olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">determinizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. déterminisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>belirlenimcilik<br />
Her olayın başka olayların gerekli ve kaçınılmaz bir sonucu olduğunu ileri
süren öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">detone</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. détoné</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>müz. </i>kusurlu<br />
Kusuru olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">devalüasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dévaluation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>değer düşürümü<br />
Paranın altın veya yabancı bir paraya göre değerinin düşürülmesi, satın alma
gücünün azalması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">devalüe</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dévalué</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>değeri düşürülmüş<br />
Değerini düşürmek anlamındaki <b>devalüe etmek</b>, değeri düşürülmek
anlamındaki <b>devalüe olmak </b>birleşik fiillerinde geçer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">developer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. developer</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yıkamaç<br />
Fotokopi makinelerinde veya fotoğraf basımı işinde kullanılan yıkama aleti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dezenformasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. désinformation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bilgi çarpıtma<br />
Kişiyi veya kurumu herhangi bir konuda bilinçli olarak gerçeği saptırarak
yanlış bilgilendirme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">diaspora</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Yun.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kopuntu<br />
<b>1. </b>Herhangi bir ulusun yurdundan ayrılmış kolu. <b>2. </b>Yahudilerin
ana yurtlarından ayrılarak yabancı ülkelerde yerleşen kolları.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">didaktik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. didactique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
öğretici<br />
Öğretme, yetiştirme ve açıklama niteliğinde olan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">difraksiyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. diffraction</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>kırınım<br />
Işık, ses ve radyoelektrik dalgalarının karşılaştığı bazı engelleri dolanarak
geçmesi olayı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">diftong</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. diphtongue</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>ikiz ünlü<br />
Çeşitli ses olayları sonunda söyleyişte yan yana gelen iki ünlü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">difüzyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. diffusion</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>geçişme<br />
Moleküllerin kinetik enerjileri sebebiyle çok yoğun bir bölgeden az yoğun bir
bölgeye hareketleri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dijital</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. digital</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sayısal<br />
Sayı ile ilgili, sayıya dayanan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dikotomi</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dichotomie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>biy. </i>ikileşim<br />
İki eşit parçaya ayrılmak üzere büyüme noktasından ikiye bölünerek dallanma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dikotomik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dichotomique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
ikileşik<br />
İkişer ikişer ayrılıp bölünen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dikte</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dictée</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yazdırım<br />
Bir başkasına o anda söyleyerek yazdırma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dilemma</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Yun.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>man. </i>ikilem<br />
İki önermesi bulunan ve her iki önermenin vargısı olan tasım.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dinamik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dynamique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. devim bilimi, 2. <i>fel.</i> devimsel, 3. canlı, etkin<br />
<b>1. </b>Mekaniğin kuvvet, hareket, enerji arasındaki ilişkilerini
inceleyen dalı. <b>2. </b>Devinimi yalnızca fizik kanunlarına bağlı
olmayan, aynı zamanda etkin bir gücü, bir amacı da içeren. <b>3. </b>Hareketli,
hayat dolu. <b>4. </b>Hareketli, işleyen, çalışan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dinamizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dynamisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>devimselcilik<br />
Beliren ve gelişen şeylerin kendiliklerinden etkin olduklarını, gelişmelerini
sağlayan gücün dışarıdan gelmeyip kendileriyle özdeş bulunduğunu ileri süren
öğreti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dinamo</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dynamo</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>fiz. </i>üreteç, 2. sürükleyici<br />
Herhangi bir mekanik enerjiyi elektrik akımına çeviren aygıt.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dinamometre</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dynamomètre</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>kuvvetölçer<br />
Kuvvetleri ölçmeye yarayan cihaz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dipfriz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. deep-freeze</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
derin dondurucu<br />
Bozulabilecek yiyecekleri niteliklerini bozmadan çok düşük ısılarda dondurarak
uzun süre saklamak için kullanılan buzdolabı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">direktif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. directive</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yönerge<br />
Herhangi bir konuda tutulacak yol için üst makamlardan alt makamlara belli bir
esasa dayanarak verilen buyruk.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">direktör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. directeur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yönetmen<br />
Bir kuruluşu yönetme yetkisi olan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">disimilasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dissimilation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>db. </i>benzeşmezlik<br />
Bir kelimede bulunan aynı veya benzeri seslerden birinin değişikliğe uğraması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">diskalifiye</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. disqualifié</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. <i>sp. </i>yarış dışı, 2. dışlanma.<br />
<b>1. </b>Kural dışı hareketleri dolayısıyla oyundan atılan. <b>2. </b>Dışarıda
tutulma, bir yere veya topluluğa alınmama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dispanser</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dispensaire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sağlık ocağı<br />
Mahalle, köy, kasaba vb. idari birimlerde vatandaşın sağlık sorunlarının
giderildiği, tedavilerinin yapıldığı devlet kuruluşu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">distribütör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. distributeur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tek. </i>dağıtıcı<br />
Motorlarda yüksek gerilimli akımı çalışma sırasına göre bujilere yayıp gönderen
aygıt.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">diyabet</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. diabète</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>şeker hastalığı<br />
Kanda glikozun artması sonucu idrarda şeker bulunması, çok su içme, çok yemek
yeme ve çok idrar yapma ile beliren hastalık.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">diyagonal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. diagonale</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>mat. </i>köşegen<br />
Bir çokgende ardışık olmayan veya birçok yüzlüde aynı düzlem üzerinde
bulunmayan iki köşe arasına çekilen çizgi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">diyakroni</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. diachronie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>dil b. </i>art zamanlılık<br />
Değişik zaman ve evrim açısından incelenen dil olaylarının özelliği.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">diyakronik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. diachronique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
art zamanlı<br />
Evrim açısından ele alınan süre içinde birbirini izleyen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">diyalekt</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dialecte</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>dil b. </i>lehçe<br />
Bir dilin tarihsel, bölgesel, siyasal sebeplerden dolayı ses, yapı ve söz
dizimi özellikleriyle ayrılan kolu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">diyalektik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dialectique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
eytişim<br />
Gerçekliği ve onun çelişmelerini incelemeye yarayan ve bu çelişmeleri aşmayı
sağlayan yolları aramayı öngören akıl yürütme yöntemi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">diyalektoloji</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dialectologie</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
lehçe bilimi<br />
Bir dilin lehçelerini inceleyen bilim dalı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">diyapozitif</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. diapositive</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
saydam<br />
Sayısal ortamda hazırlanmış, yansıtım aygıtında kullanılmaya özgü pozitif
görüntü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dizayn</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. design</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
tasarım<br />
<b>1. </b>Bir sanat eserinin, yapının veya teknik ürünün ilk taslağı. <b>2. </b>Bir
araştırma sürecinin çeşitli dönemlerinde izlenecek yol ve işlemleri tasarlayan
çerçeve.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dogma</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dogme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>inak<br />
Doğruluğu sınanmadan benimsenen, bir öğretinin veya ideolojinin temeli yapılan
sav.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dogmatik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dogmetique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>inaksal<br />
Deney bilgisini, deneye dayanan kanıtları hiçe sayarak kanılarını inanç
öğretilerinden çıkaran (düşünce biçimi).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">doktrin</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. doctrine</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
öğreti<br />
<b>1. </b>Bilimde, felsefede bir görüşü bir sistem içinde belli bir
anlayışa, düşünceye dayalı olarak oluşturan ilke ve dogmalar bütünü. <b>2. </b>Toplumda
herhangi bir alanda çığır açan bir düşünce adamının ortaya koyduğu görüşler,
ilkeler bütünü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">doküman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. document</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
belge<br />
Bir gerçeğe tanıklık eden yazı, fotoğraf, resim, film vb.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dokümantasyon</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. documentation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
belgeleme<br />
Bir çalışma için gerekli belgeleri arama ve sağlama, belgelere dayandırma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dokümanter</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. documentaire</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
belgesel<br />
Belge niteliği taşıyan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dolikosefal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dolichocéphale</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>anat. </i>uzun kafalı<br />
Başı dar, kafatasının uzunluğu genişliğinden fazla olan (kimse).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">domestik</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. domestique</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
1. evcil, 2. yerel, yerli, 3. iç, ülke içi<br />
<b>1. </b>Yerli. <b>2. </b>Belli bir yöre ile ilgili. <b>3. </b>Ülke
içi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dominant</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dominante</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
baskın<br />
Benzerleri arasında güç ve önem bakımından başta gelen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">done</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. donnée</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
veri<br />
Bir araştırmanın, bir tartışmanın, bir muhakemenin temeli olan ana öge.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">donör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. donneur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>verici<br />
Başkasına aktarılmak üzere kan, doku veya organ veren kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">doz</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dose</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>düze<br />
Bir maddenin bir birleşiğe, bir karışıma giren veya girmesi gereken belli
miktarı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dozaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dosage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>kim. </i>düzem<br />
Bir birleşiğe veya bir karışıma girecek madde miktarlarının belirtilmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dozer</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. bulldozer</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yoldüzler<br />
Tırtıllı veya lastik tekerlekli yol yapım makinesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dömifinal</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. demi-finale</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>yarı final<br />
Bir yarışmada çeyrek finale kalan sekiz takımdan dördünün elenmesiyle oluşan
grup veya aşama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dragoman</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dragoman</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çevirmen<br />
Konuşmayı bir dilden başka bir dile çeviren kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">drenaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. drainage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
akaçlama<br />
Toprakta bitkilerin yetişmesine zararlı olan fazla suların akıtılması.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dribbling</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. dribbling</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>top sürme<br />
Topu kısa aralıklarla sürükleyerek veya yere vurarak karşı tarafın kalesine
veya potasına doğru götürme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">duayen</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. doyen</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
aksakal<br />
Bir meslekte yaşça, kıdemce ileride ve yetenek bakımından üstün niteliğe sahip
olan kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dublaj</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. doublage</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sin. ve TV </i>seslendirme<br />
Sesin, çekimden sonra film üzerine geçirilmesi, kaydedilmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dublör</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. doubleur</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>sin. ve TV</i> benzer<br />
Bazı önemsiz veya tehlikeli sahnelerde asıl oyuncunun yerine çıkan, yapı ve yüz
bakımından bu oyuncuyu andıran kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span><br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dumping</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. dumping</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>düşürüm<br />
Mallarda yapılan genel ucuzluk.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span><br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">düalist</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dualiste</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>ikici<br />
İkicilik felsefesini kabul eden.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">düalizm</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. dualisme</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>fel. </i>ikicilik<br />
Birbirinden ayrı, birbirinden bağımsız, birbirine geri götürülemeyen,
birbirinin yanında veya karşısında bulunan iki ilkenin varlığını kabul eden
görüş.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-35838154305153367022017-06-22T02:01:00.004-07:002017-06-22T08:25:10.040-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - C<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-22BYDARmM1Y/WUvD4Mfny-I/AAAAAAAAAdI/BDen8w3VWvU_9l1X318103oktObwgko5QCEwYBhgL/s1600/C.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="301" data-original-width="480" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-22BYDARmM1Y/WUvD4Mfny-I/AAAAAAAAAdI/BDen8w3VWvU_9l1X318103oktObwgko5QCEwYBhgL/s1600/C.png" /></a></div>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">call center</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. call center</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çağrı merkezi<br />
Herhangi bir şirketin müşterisinin ihtiyaçlarını, beklentilerini öğrendiği,
kısa çözüm yollarını sunduğu çalışma birimi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">cash card</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. cash card</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
nakit kartı<br />
Bankalardan peşin para almak veya para çekmek için kullanılan kart.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">casting</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. casting</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
oyuncu kadrosu<br />
Televizyon ve sinema dizi ve filmlerinde oynayan oyuncuların tümü.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">catering</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. catering</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
yemek hizmeti<br />
Bir kuruluş tarafından yemeğin hazırlanması ve dağıtılması işi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">center</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. center</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
merkez<br />
Belirli bir yerin ortası.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">change</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. change</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>para değişimi<br />
Para alımı ve satımı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">charter</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. charter</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
dolmuş uçak<br />
Belirli merkezler arasında belli bir tarifeye bağlı olmaksızın sefer yapan ucuz
tarifeli uçak.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">chat</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. chat</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sanal sohbet<br />
Uluslararası iletişim ağ ortamlarını kullanarak çeşitli yazılımlar aracılığıyla
kişilerle karşılıklı olarak yazılı, sesli veya görüntülü görüşme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span><br />
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<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">check-in</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. check-in</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
giriş işlemi<br />
Otelde kalınacak odanın, uçakta oturulacak yerin belirlenmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span><br />
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<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">check-list</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. check-list</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
denetim çizelgesi<br />
Yolcu veya ürün sayısının denetlenmesi için kullanılan yolcu veya mal adının
yazılı bulunduğu liste.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">check-out</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. check-out</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
çıkış işlemi<br />
Konaklama yerlerinden ayrılırken yapılan işlem.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">check-point</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. check- point</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
denetim noktası<br />
Denetleme yapılan yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">check-up</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. check-up</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tıp </i>tam bakım<br />
Sağlık yönünden yapılan genel yoklama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">cheese cake</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. cheese cake</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
peynirli kek<br />
İnce kek dilimi üzerine krem peynir ve kremayla hazırlanıp üzeri değişik
malzemelerle süslenen bir tür tatlı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span><br />
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</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">chip card</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. chip card</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
varlık kartı<br />
Kişiyle ilgili birçok bilgiyi içinde barındıran kart.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">clearing</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. clearing</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>tic. </i>takas<br />
İki ülke arasında yapılan alışverişin karşılıklı olarak malla ödenmesi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">coffee shop</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. coffee shop</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
kahveevi<br />
Kahve içilen yer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span><br />
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<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">cohabitation</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Fr. cohabitation</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
birlikte yaşama<br />
Birlikte oturma, bir arada yaşama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">compact disc</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. compact disc</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<i>bl. </i>yoğun disk<br />
Manyetik olmayan ince bir metalden oluşmuş ve yüksek yoğunluklu ışık kaynağı
kullanarak optik tarama düzeneği ile okunan veri saklama ortamı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="background: white; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">corner</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. corner</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
bayi<br />
Belli bir kuruluşun mallarını satma izni olan işletme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">cracker</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> İng. cracker</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
sistem kırıcı<br />
Zevk için bilgisayar sistemlerine zarar veren kimse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-7084910453531549292017-06-22T02:01:00.000-07:002017-06-22T08:24:52.054-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - B<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-TRK9nq0UGp0/WUvD3zcu-SI/AAAAAAAAAdM/CT6VoR0fRVsBzBxH2jhDGZhrXP3xXgyKQCLcBGAs/s1600/B.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="301" data-original-width="480" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-TRK9nq0UGp0/WUvD3zcu-SI/AAAAAAAAAdM/CT6VoR0fRVsBzBxH2jhDGZhrXP3xXgyKQCLcBGAs/s1600/B.png" /></a></div>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">background</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. background</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
1. arka plan, 2. art alan<br />
<b>1. </b>Gerideki görünüm. <b>2. </b>Daha önceki dönemlerde
elde edilen bilgi ve deneyim.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span><br />
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">badminton</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. badminton</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>tüytop<br />
Tenise benzeyen ve bir tür tüylü topla oynanan oyun.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span><br />
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</span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bandrol</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. banderole</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
denetim pulu<br />
<b>1. </b>Paketlerin, şişelerin ağızlarına konulan şerit veya
etiket. <b>2. </b>Devletçe verginin kesildiğini gösteren etiket.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bankiz</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. banquise</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>coğ. </i>buzla<br />
Deniz suyunun donmasıyla kutup bölgelerinde oluşan buz alanı.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">banknot</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. bank-note</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
kâğıt para<br />
Devlet bankası tarafından piyasaya çıkarılan değeri kâğıt üzerinde belirtilen
para.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">banliyö</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. banlieue</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
yörekent<br />
Genellikle oturma alanı niteliğinde olan, şehir merkezinden uzakta veya
sınırlarına yakın yerlerde bulunan şehir yöresi.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">barisfer</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. barysphère</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>jeol. </i>ağır küre<br />
Yer yuvarlağının, yoğunluğu ve katılığı çok olan bölümü.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bariyer</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. barrière</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
engel<br />
Bir şeyin gerçekleşmesini önleyen sebep.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">barkod</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. barcode</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
çizgi im<br />
Malın değişik özelliklerini ve fiyatını belirten, elektronik aygıtların
okuyabileceği biçimde düzenlenmiş etiket.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">barometre</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. baromètre</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>basınçölçer<br />
Hava basıncını ölçerek yer yükseltilerini ve hava değişimlerini tespit etmek
için kullanılan alet.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">basketbol</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. basketball</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>sepet topu<br />
Beşer kişilik iki takım arasında topu 3 metre yükseklikteki karşılıklı duran ağ
geçirilmiş iki sepetten birine sokup sayı kazanmak esasına dayanan bir oyun.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bateri</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. batterie</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>müz. </i>davul<br />
Orkestrada vurmalı çalgı takımı.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">baterist</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. batteriste</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>müz. </i>davulcu<br />
Orkestrada vurmalı çalgı takımını kullanan.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">batimetre</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. bathymètre</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>den. </i>derinlikölçer<br />
Okyanusun derinliğini ölçmeye yarayan alet.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">batimetri</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. bathymétrie</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>den. </i>derinlik ölçümü<br />
Okyanus derinliğinin veya yüksekliğinin özel bir aletle belirlenmesi işlemi.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">baypas</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. by-pass</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
1. devre dışı, 2. <i>tıp </i>köprüleme<br />
<b>1. </b>Konudan uzak, ilgisiz. <b>2. </b>Vücudun bir yerinden
alınan damarı tıkanmış damarın yerine koymak suretiyle yapılan tedavi.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">baz</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. base</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
temel<br />
En önemli, belli başlı.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bearish</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. bearish</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>düşen piyasa<br />
Borsada fiyat indirilmesine neden olacak eğilim, fiyat düşürücü özellik.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bek</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. back</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>savunma oyuncusu<br />
Kalecinin önünde yer alan, kaleyi savunan oyunculardan her biri.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">benchmarking</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng.
benchmarking</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
bilgileşim<br />
Kuruluşlar, şirketler arasında bilgi satma.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bestseller</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. bestseller</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
çoksatar<br />
En çok satılan yayın.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">betoniyer</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. bétonnaière</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
betonkarar<br />
Beton yapmak üzere çimento, kum ve suyu karıştıran makine.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bibliyofil</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. bibliophile</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
kitapsever<br />
Öz ve biçim yönünden iyi nitelikli kitapları seçen, kitaba tutkuyla bağlı
(kimse).</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bibliyografi</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr.
bibliographie</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
kaynakça<br />
Belli bir konu, yer ve dönemle ilgili yayınları kapsayan veya en iyilerini
seçen eser.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bibliyografya</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Yun.</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
kaynakça<br />
Belli bir konu, yer ve dönemle ilgili yayınları kapsayan veya en iyilerini
seçen eser.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bibliyoman</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. bibliomane</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
kitap düşkünü<br />
Hastalık derecesine varan kitap sevgisi olan kimse.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bibliyomani</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. bibliomanie</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
kitap düşkünlüğü<br />
Kitap düşkünü olma durumu.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bibliyotek</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. bibliothèque</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
kitaplık<br />
Kuruluş amaç ve görevine uygun kitap, film, plak gibi her türlü düşünce ve
sanat ürününü toplayan, düzenleyen ve genel olarak ilgilenen okurlara sunan
kuruluş.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bienal</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. biennal</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
yılaşırı<br />
Bir yıl ara ile, iki yılda bir.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bigudi</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. bigoudi</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
sarmaç<br />
Kadınların saçlarını kıvırmak için kullandıkları, metal, sünger veya
plastikten, boru biçiminde küçük araç.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bilanço</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İt. bilancio</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>dengelem<br />
Bir kuruluşun, bir ticarethanenin belirli bir dönem sonundaki veya belirli bir
gündeki taşınır ve taşınmaz varlıkları ile bunları sağlamak için kullanılan öz
ve yabancı kaynakları dengeli olarak gösteren çizelge.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">billboard</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. billboard</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
duyurumluk<br />
Duyuruların üzerine yazıldığı veya yapıştırıldığı düz levha.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bilyon</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. billion</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
milyar<br />
Milyon kere binin, bin milyonun adı.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">biyogaz</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. biogaz</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
gübre gazı<br />
Hayvansal ve bitkisel atıkların oksijensiz ortamda ayrışması sonucu ortaya
çıkan gaz karışımı.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">biyografi</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. biographie</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
öz geçmiş<br />
Bir kimsenin doğumundan yaşadığı güne kadar geçirdiği belli başlı evreleri
içeren yazı.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">biyoloji</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. biologie</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
dirim bilimi<br />
Bitki ve hayvanların köken, dağılım, yapı, gelişim, büyüme ve üremelerini
inceleyen bilim dalı.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">biyolojik</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. biologique</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
dirim bilimsel<br />
Biyoloji ile ilgili.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">biyonik</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. bionique</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
dirim kurgusal<br />
Biyoloji ve elektronikle ilgili olan.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">blender</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. blender</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
karıştırıcı<br />
<b>1. </b>İki veya daha çok maddeyi birbiri içinde dağıtmaya, karıştırmaya
yarayan araçların genel adı. <b>2. </b>Çeşitli besin maddelerini
karıştırma ve çarpma işinde kullanılan araç veya alet.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bloke</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. bloqué</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
kullanılması önlenmiş, el konulmuş<br />
Kullanılması önlenmek amacıyla el konulmuş.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">blöf</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. bluff</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
kurusıkı<br />
Karşısında kişiyi yanıltarak veya yıldırarak bir işten caydırmak için söylenen
asılsız söz veya takınılan aldatıcı tavır.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">blue chips</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. blue chips</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>mavi boncuklular<br />
İşlem hacmi yüksek ve getirisi istikrarlı hisse senetleri.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">boarding card</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. boarding
card</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
uçuş kartı<br />
Yapılacak uçak yolculuğuyla ilgili uçuş saati, koltuk numarası vb. bilgilerin
bulunduğu kart.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bodyguard</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. bodyguard</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
koruma<br />
Can güvenliğinin tehlikede olduğu düşünülen bir kimseyi saldırılardan korumak
üzere görevlendirilmiş kişi.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">boks</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. boxe</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>yumruk oyunu<br />
Belirli kurallara uyularak yapılan yumruk dövüşü.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">boksör</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. boxeur</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>sp. </i>yumruk oyuncusu<br />
Boks yapan kimse.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bold</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. bold</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>bl. </i>koyu<br />
Yazı karakterinin daha belirgin olarak yazılmış biçimi.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">bolometre</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. bolomètre</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>fiz. </i>ışınımölçer<br />
Bir kaynağın bütün dalga boylarındaki toplam ışınımını ölçen araç.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">botanik</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. botanique</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
bitki bilimi<br />
Bitkileri inceleyen bilim kolu.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">branş</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. branche</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
kol<br />
Bir şeyin ayrıldığı bölümlerden her biri.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">brick game</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. brick game</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
tuğla oyunu<br />
Bilgisayarda veya cep telefonlarında oynanan, topla tuğlaları yıkma esasına
dayanan oyun.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">brifing</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. briefing</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
bilgilendirme<br />
Bir konuda özet olarak verilen bilgi veya açıklama.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">broker</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> İng. broker</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
<i>ekon. </i>borsa simsarı<br />
Müşteri ile borsa acenteleri arasında menkul değerlerin alım satımına aracılık
eden gerçek veya tüzel kişi.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">burjuva</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. bourgeois</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
kent soylu<br />
Orta sınıftan olan.</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 1pt none; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; padding: 0cm;">
</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;">burjuvazi</span></b><i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"> Fr. bourgeoisie</span></i><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; padding: 0cm;"><br />
kent soyluluk<br />
Burjuva sınıfı</span><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "droid sans" , "serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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</span><br />
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%" />
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-86821589825517061622017-06-22T02:00:00.000-07:002017-06-22T08:23:46.755-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar - A<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<h2>
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkce-karslklar.html">Harf Seç ve <span style="color: red;">Sözcük Ara</span></a></h2>
</div>
<article class="post-article" style="margin-top: 15px; outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"><div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-4398969549956075608" itemprop="articleBody" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #5e5e5e; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5em; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline; width: 678.234px;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">abaküs</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. abacus</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">mat.</i> sayı boncuğu<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Basit sayma ve hesap işleri yapmakta kullanılan, her teline onar boncuk geçirilmiş hesap aracı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aberasyon</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. aberration</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">gök b. </i>ve<i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> ruh b.</i>sapınç<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Özel bir görevin normal sonucuna ulaşmasına engel olan sapıklık. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Işık hızının sonlu olmasından dolayı bir gök cisminin görünen konumu ile gerçek konumu .arasındaki fark. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">3. </b>Bir mercek, ayna veya optik dizgenin odaklama özelliklerindeki yanlış.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ablatif</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. ablatif</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">db. </i>çıkma durumu<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Ad soylu bir sözün taşıdığı kavramda çıkış bildiren, <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">-dan / -den, - tan / -ten</i> ekleri ile kurulan durum.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">abluka</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> İt. abloco</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ask. </i>kuşatma<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir ülkenin veya bir yerin dış dünya ile olan her türlü bağlantısını kuvvet kullanarak kesme<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">abone</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. abonné</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />sürdürümcü<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir şeyi sürekli olarak kullanmak için hizmeti verenle sözleşme yapan kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">abonman</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. abonnement</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />sürdürüm<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir satıcı veya kamu kuruluşu ile alıcılar arasında yapılan anlaşma.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">absorbe</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. absorbé</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fiz. </i>soğurma<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Katı veya sıvı bir madde soğurma yoluyla bir gazı içine alma.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">abstraksiyon</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. abstraction</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>soyutlama<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir nesnenin özelliklerinden veya özellikleri arasındaki ilişkilerden herhangi birini tek başına ele alan zihinsel işlem, gerçeklikte ayrılamaz olanı düşüncede ayırma.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">abstraksiyonizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. abstractionisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>soyutçuluk<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Soyutlamalara, somut gerçeklerinkine eşit değer verme, amaç olarak soyutu alan tutum.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">abstre</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. abstrait</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>soyut<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Varlığı duyularla algılanamayan<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">absürt</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. absurde</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />saçma<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Akla uygun olmayan.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">abuli</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. aboulie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ruh b. </i>irade yitimi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Karar verme, dikkat, istekli kımıldama vb. zihin veya beden etkinliğine ilişkin işleri yapamamaktan doğan sinir yorgunluğunda görülen bir belirti.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ace</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> İng. ace</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">sp. </i>servis sayısı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Teniste rakibin karşılayamadığı, doğrudan doğruya sayı getiren servis.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">adaptasyon</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. adaptation</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />uyarlama<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Uyarlamak işi.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">adapte</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. adapté</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />uyarlanmış<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Sinema, tiyatro, radyo ve televizyonun teknik imkânlarına uygun duruma getirilmiş. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Kişi ve yer adları değiştirilerek yerli bir eser durumuna getirilmiş (yabancı eser).<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">adaptör</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. adapteur</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />uyarlayıcı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Aygıtın kullanabileceği düzeye göre elektrik akımını ayarlayan alet<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">adenit</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. adénite</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>ak kan yangısı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Lenf düğümleri iltihabı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">adisyon</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. addition</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />hesap<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Ödenecek ücretin dökümünü ve tutarını gösteren kâğıt, hesap pusulası.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">afazi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. aphasie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>söz yitimi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Ses çıkarma yeteneği kaybolmadığı hâlde istenilen sözü bulup söyleyememe hastalığı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aferist</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. affairiste</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />dalavereci<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Çıkarı için hileye başvuran kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">afiş</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. affiche</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />ası<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir şeyi duyurmak veya tanıtmak için hazırlanan, kalabalığın görebileceği yere asılmış, genellikle resimli duvar ilanı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">afişe</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. affiché</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ekon. </i>açıklanmış<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Açıklama yapılmış olan.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">afoni</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. aphonie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>ses yitimi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Ses kiri</span><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aforizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. aphorisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />özdeyiş<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir düşünceyi, bir duyguyu, bir ilkeyi kısa ve kesin bir biçimde anlatan, genellikle kim tarafından söylendiği bilinen özlü söz.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aforizma</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. aphorisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />özdeyiş<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir düşünceyi, bir duyguyu, bir ilkeyi kısa ve kesin bir biçimde anlatan, genellikle kim tarafından söylendiği bilinen özlü söz.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aforoz</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Rum.</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />toplum dışılama<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Hristiyanlıkta kilise tarafından verilen cemaatten kovma cezası. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Darılıp biriyle konuşmama, ilgiyi kesip kendinden uzaklaştırma.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aglütinasyon</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. agglutination</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">biy. </i>kümeleşim<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir hastalığa karşı aşılanmış olan veya hastalık geçirmiş bir canlının kanında bulunan maddenin, hastalığın mikroplarını küme durumuna getirme olayı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">agnosi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. agnosie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ruh b. </i>tanısızlık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Duyularda herhangi bir bozukluk olmamasına rağmen sinir sisteminin belirli bir yerindeki doku bozukluğundan ileri gelen algı kaybı veya yokluğu.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">agnostik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. agnostique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>bilinemezci<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Tanrı'nın ve evrenin nereden türediğinin bilinmediğini ve bilinemeyeceğini ileri süren öğretiyi benimseyen (kimse).<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">agnostisizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. agnosticisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>bilinemezcilik<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Tanrı'nın ve evrenin nereden türediğinin bilinmediğini ve bilinemeyeceğini ileri süren öğreti.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">agorafobi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. agoraphobie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>alan korkusu<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bazı kişilerin alan, park, sokak vb. açık alanlarda duydukları ürkeklik hastalığı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">agraf</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. agrafe</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />kopça<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir giysinin iki yanını bitiştirmeye yarayan ve metal bir halka ile bir çengelden oluşan araç.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">agrafi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Yun.</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ruh b. </i>yazma yitimi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Ellerinde, parmaklarında hiçbir sakatlık olmamasına karşın ruhsal sebeplerle yazma melekesini yitirme.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">agrandisman</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. agrandissement</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />büyültme<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Fotoğraf ve resimlere boyut kazandırma işlemi.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">agrega</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. agrégat</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />katışmaç<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Benzer olmayan maddelerden oluşmuş bütün.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">agreman</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. agrément</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />uygunluk<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir elçinin bir ülkeye atanmasından önce o ülkeden istenen uygun görme yazısı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">agresif</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. agresif</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />saldırgan<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Başkasına saldıran, yapısında saldırma özelliği olan (devlet, kimse, hayvan).<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ajanda</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. agenda</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />andaç<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Gerekli notların unutulmaması için yazıldığı takvimli defter.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ajitasyon</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. agitation</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />1. körükleme, 2. <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>çırpıntı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Körüklemek işi. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Ruhsal gerginliğin dışa vurması.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ajitatör</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. agitateur</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />körükleyici<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Körükleme işini yapan.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ajite</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. agité</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />körüklenmiş<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir kimse tarafından kötü bir iş yapması için harekete geçirilmiş.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">akreditasyon</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. accreditation</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />denklik<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Denk olma durumu.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">akreditif</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. accréditif</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />1. <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ekon. </i>güven yazısı, 2. <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ekon. </i>kredi mektubu<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Belirli bir nicelikteki para için, bir bankanın yükümlülüğü altında, üçüncü bir kişi yararına bir başka bankada veya aracısında açtırılan hesap. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Bankaların veya mali kuruluşların müşterilerine ticari işlemlerle ilgili kredi hesabı açtırmak için şubelerine veya muhabirlerine gönderdikleri yazı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">akrobasi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. acrobatie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />cambazlık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Cambazın işi veya mesleği.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">akrobat</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. acrobate</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />cambaz<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Yerde ve tel, at, bisiklet, ip vb. üzerinde dengeye dayanan, tehlikeli, heyecan verici gösteriler yapan kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">akromatopsi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. achromatopsi</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>renk körlüğü<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bütün renkleri veya birkaç rengi, özellikle kırmızı ile yeşili birbirinden ayırt etmeye engel olan görme bozukluğu.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">akronim</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> İng. acronym</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">db. </i>kısma ad<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Kısaltması yapılacak kelime veya kelimelerin ünlü ve ünsüzlerinden yararlanarak gerektiğinde bir ünlü ekleyerek akılda kalabilecek bir söz oluşturma.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aks</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. axe</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />dingil<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Tekerleklerin merkezinden geçen ve taşıtın altına enlemesine yerleştirilmiş mil.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">akselerograf</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. accélérographe</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fiz. </i>ivmeyazar<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir hareketin ivmesini çizerek belirleyen araç.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">akselerometre</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. accéléromètre</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fiz. </i>ivmeölçer<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir hareketin ivme niceliğini belirten, taşıtın hızlanmasından doğan sarsıntıları, titreşimleri gösteren araç.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aksiyom</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. axiome</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">man. </i>belit<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Kendiliğinden apaçık ve bundan dolayı öteki önermelerin ön dayanağı sayılan temel önerme.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aktivist</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. activiste</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />etkinci<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Toplumsal veya politik değişim meydana getirmek, belirli sorunlara dikkat çekmek için özel amaçlı etkinlik gerçekleştiren kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aktivite</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. activité</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />etkinlik<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir işletmenin, bir kurumun belli bir alandaki eylemi.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aktivizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. activisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>etkincilik<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Toplumsal veya politik değişim meydana getirmek, belirli sorunlara dikkat çekmek için özel amaçlı etkinlik gerçekleştirme. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>İnsan hayatı ve düşüncesinde başlıca gerçekliğin etki ve eylem olduğunu öne süren öğreti ve dünya görüşü.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aktüalite</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. actualité</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />güncellik<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Güncel olma durumu.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aktüalizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. actualisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>edimselcilik<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Geçmiş jeolojik olayların bugünkülere bakarak açıklanabileceğini ileri süren öğreti.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aktüel</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. actuel</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />1. güncel, 2. <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>edimsel<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Günün konusu olan, şimdiki, bugünkü (haber, olay vb.). <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Edim niteliğinde olan, gerçek olarak var olan.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">akustik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. acoustique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />1. yankı bilimi, 2. yankılanım<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Fizik biliminin konusu ses olan kolu. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Kapalı bir yerde seslerin dağılım biçimi.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">akut</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Alm. akut</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>iveğen<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Çabuk ilerleyen.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">akuzatif</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. accusatif</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">db. </i>belirtme durumu<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Yüklemi geçişli bir fiil olan cümlede fiilin doğrudan etkilediği, <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">-ı/ -i, -u/ -ü</i> ekini almış ad.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">akvarist</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. aquariste</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />akvaryumcu<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bilim ve sanatı kullanarak akvaryum ortamında balık vb.ni besleyen kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">alafranga</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> İt. alla franca</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Batılıca<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Frenklerin töre, âdet ve hayatına uygun, Frenklerle ilgili.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">alakart</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. à la carte</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />seçmeli yemek<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Yemek listesinden seçilen, fiyatları ayrı ayrı hesaplanan yemek.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">alaturka</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> İt. alla turca</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Doğuluca<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Eski Türk gelenek, görenek, töre ve hayatına uygun.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">albinos</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. albinos</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />akşın<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Doğuştan boya maddesi bulunmadığı için kıllarında ve gözlerinde, bazen de derisinde ak olan (hayvan veya insan).<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">alegori</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. allégorie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ed. </i>yerine<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir görüntü, bir yaşantı veya bir davranışın daha iyi kavranmasını sağlamak için göz önünde canlandırıp dile getirme.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">alegorik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. allégorique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ed. </i>yerinel<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Alegori ile ilgili.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aleksi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. alexie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>okuma yitimi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Görmede hiçbir bozukluk olmadığı hâlde okuma yetisinin yok olması.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">alfabe</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. alphabet</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">db. </i>abece<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir dilin seslerini gösteren, belirli bir sıraya göre dizilmiş belli sayıda harfin bütünü.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">alfabetik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. alphabétique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />abecesel<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Alfabe sırasına göre dizilmiş.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">alivre</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. à livrer</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ekon. </i>önceden satış<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Ürün daha tarladayken, yetiştiği zaman teslim edilmek üzere, önceden pey verilerek yapılan satış.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">alkalimetre</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. alcalimètre</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">kim. </i>alkalölçer<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Alkalilerin saflık derecesini belirtmeye yarayan cihaz.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">alkolmetre</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. alcoolmètre</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">kim. </i>alkolölçer<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Sıvılardaki alkol oranını ölçmeye yarayan cihaz. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>İçilen alkol miktarını ölçmeye yarayan araç.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">almanak</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. almanach</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />yıllık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Yılın gün, hafta, ay vb. bölümlerinden başka, bayram, yıl dönümü gibi belli günleri ve birtakım astronomi, meteoroloji, istatistik bilgilerini gösteren kitap biçiminde takvim.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">alogami</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. allogamie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">bit. b. </i>tozlaşma<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Erkek organlardaki çiçek tozunun, rüzgâr veya böceklerin aracılığıyla çiçeklerin tepeciğine konması.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">alpinist</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. alpiniste</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />dağcı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Dağa tırman</span><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">alpinizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. alpnisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />dağcılık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Dağa tırmanma sporu.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">alternatif</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. alternatif</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />1. seçenek, 2. almaşık, 3. <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fiz.</i> dalgalı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Birinin yerine seçilebilecek bir başka yol, yöntem. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Almaşlı olarak işleyen. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">3. </b>Belli dalga boylarını alabilen.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">altimetre</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. altimètre</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />yükseklikölçer<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bulunulan yerin yüksekliğini gösteren aygıt.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">amatör</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. amateur</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />özengen<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir işi para kazanmak için değil, yalnız zevki için yapan, hevesli, meraklı (kimse).<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ambargo</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. embargo</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />engelleyim<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir malın serbest sürümünü engellemek için konulan yasak.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ambiyans</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. ambiance</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />hava<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Durum, ortam, çevre.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">amblem</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. emblème</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />belirtke<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Soyut bir şeyin, bir kavramın sembolü olan varlık veya eşya.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ambulans</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. ambulance</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />cankurtaran<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Hasta veya yaralı taşımaya uygun hazırlanmış özel araç.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">amenajman</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. aménagement</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">huk. </i>düzenleyim<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Devlete ve kişilere ait ormanların, önceden hazırlanıp kabul edilmiş esaslara uygun olarak işletilmesi.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">Amerikanizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. américanisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Amerikancılık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Amerikancı olma durumu.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">amfibi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. amphibie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />1. <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">biy. </i>iki yaşamlılar, 2. yüzergezer<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Hem suyun içinde hem de karada yaşayabilen canlılar. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Karada olduğu gibi suda da kullanılabilen (araba, tank, uçak vb. araç).<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">amfibik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. amphibique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />iki yaşamlı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Hem suyun içinde hem karada yaşayabilen.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">amnezi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. amnésie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>bellek yitimi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Büyük sarsıntı, humma yüzünden belleğin bozulması veya kaybolması biçiminde beliren ruh hastalığı. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Belleğin kısa bir süre durup işlememesi<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">amniyon</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Yun.</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anat. </i>döl kesesi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />İçinde embriyo veya fetüsün bulunduğu amniyon sıvısı ile dolu boşluğu çeviren zar.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">amor</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. amour</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />aşk<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Aşırı sevgi ve bağlılık duygusu.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">amoralizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. amoralisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>töre dışıcılık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Töreyi inkâr eden öğretilerin genel adı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">amorf</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. amorphe</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fiz. </i>biçimsiz<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Kendine özgü billurlaşmış bir biçimi olmayan (madde).<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">amortisman</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. amortissement</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />yıpranma payı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Taşınmaz malların aşınmalarına karşılık olarak yıllık kârdan ayrılan belirli pay.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ampermetre</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. ampèremètre</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fiz. </i>akımölçer<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir elektrik akımının şiddetini ölçmeye yarayan aygıt.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ampirik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. empirique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />1. görgül, 2. deneysel<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Bir kurama değil yalnızca gözleme dayalı. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Deneye başvurularak yapılan, deneyle olan, deneyle ilgili.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ampirist</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. empiriste</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>deneyci<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Deneycilik yanlısı olan.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ampirizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. empirisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>deneycilik<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Bilginin gözlem, deneme veya duyular ile elde edilebileceğini ileri süren geleneksel öğreti. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Organizma ile durum veya çevre arasında bir etkileşim olarak yaşantıya önem veren, bilgiyi, simgelerle iletişimi yapılan denetimli ve yeniden düzenlenmiş yaşantı biçiminde düşünen çağdaş bir felsefe anlayışı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">amplifikatör</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. amplificateur</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fiz. </i>yükselteç<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Alçak veya yüksek frekanslı akımların yararlı etkilerini artırmaya yarayan araç.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anabolizma</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anabolisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">biy. </i>özümleme<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Özümlemek işi.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anafilaksi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anaphylaxie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fiz. </i>aşırı duyarlık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Organizmaya giren yabancı bir madde yüzünden canlı varlıklarda oluşan aşırı tepki.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anakronizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anachronisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />tarih yanılgısı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Tarihlendirmede yanılgı içinde bulunma.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">analist</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. analyste</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />çözümleyici<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Çözümleme yapan kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">analitik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. analytique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />çözümlemeli<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Çözümlemeye dayanan, çözümle ilgili.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">analiz</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. analyse</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fiz. </i>çözümleme<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir maddenin birleşimindeki yalın cisimlerin niteliğini veya niceliğini anlamak için yapılan işlem.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">analizör</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. analyseur</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />çözümler<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Analiz yapan cihaz, aygıt veya organ.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">analjezi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. analgésie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>ağrı yitimi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Sinir bozukluğu, çok ilaç alma, donma vb. sebeplerle acı duyumunun birazının veya tamamının yok olması.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">analjezik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. analgésique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>ağrı kesici<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Ağrı duyusunu ortadan kaldıran, dindiren (ilaç vb.).<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anarşi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anarchie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />kargaşa<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Kışkırtma ve karışıklık yoluyla toplumda ortaya çıkan düzen bozukluğu.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anarşik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anarchique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />kargaşalı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Kargaşa niteliğinde olan.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anarşist</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anarchiste</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />kargaşacı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Kargaşa çıkaran kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anarşizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anarchisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />kargaşacılık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Tarihsel şartlar ne olursa olsun devletin ortadan kaldırılmasına çalışan öğreti.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anartri</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anarthrie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>dil tutukluğu<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anchorman</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> İng. anchorman</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />ana haber sunucusu<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Toplanan haberleri önem derecesine göre değerlendiren ve yayımlayan yetkili sunucu.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ançüez</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anchois</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />hamsi ezmesi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Genellikle hamsi, bazen de çaça, sardalya veya tirsi balıklarından yapılan tuzlu ve yağlı ezme.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anekdot</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anecdote</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />hikâyecik<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Kısa veya özlü anlatımı olan hikâye.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anemi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anémie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>kansızlık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Kanda alyuvar sayısının ve hemoglobin miktarının azalmasından ileri gelen bir hastalık durumu.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anemik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anémique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>kansız<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Kanı az olan, çok kan kaybetmiş olan.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anemometre</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anémomètre</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />yelölçer<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Rüzgârın veya gaz durumundaki akışkanların akış hızını ölçmeye yarayan aygıt.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anemon</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anémone</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">bit. b. </i>dağ lalesi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Düğün çiçeğigillerden, mor renkli, çan biçimli tüylü çiçekleri olan otsu bir bitki.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">angaje</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. engage</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />bağlanmış<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bağlı olan.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">angajman</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. engagement</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />bağlantı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Yapılacak işle ilgili sözlü veya yazılı anlaşma.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">angarya</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Rum.</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />yüklenti<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir kimseye veya bir topluluğa zorla, ücret vermeden yaptırılan iş.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">animasyon</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. animation</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">sin. </i>ve <İ>TV canlandırma<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Tek tek resimleri veya hareketsiz cisimleri gösterim sırasında hareket duygusu verebilecek bir biçimde düzenleme ve filme aktarma işi. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Otel, tatil köyü vb. turistik yerlerde konukları eğlendirmek için çeşitli oyunlar, gösteriler yapma.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">animatör</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. animateur</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />canlandırıcı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Otel, tatil köyü vb. turistik yerlerde konukları eğlendirmek için çeşitli oyunlar, gösteriler yapan kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">animizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. animisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>canlıcılık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Olup bitenin, ruhlar alanının gizli güçleri tarafından yönetildiğine inanan ilkel anlayış.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anjirografi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. angiographie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>damar görüntüleme<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Damar içine X ışınlarını geçirmeyen bir madde verildikten sonra damarların filminin alınması.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anketör</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. enquêteur</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />anketçi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Anket yapan kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anomali</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anomalie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ruh b. </i>sapaklık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Hastalık niteliğinde olmamakla birlikte, normalden belirgin durumda sapma gösterme durumu.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anonsör</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. annonceur</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />sunucu<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Radyoda, televizyonda, bir eğlence yerinde programı sunan, açıklayan kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anot</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anode</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fiz. </i>artı uç<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Elektrikli çözümlemede, sıvıya batırılıp akımın geçmesini sağlayan iletken uçlardan artı yüklü olanı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ansambl</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. ensemble</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">müz. </i>topluluk<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Müzik eserlerini birden fazla ses veya sazla seslendirmek için oluşturulan grup.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antagonist</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. antagoniste</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />düşman<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Birinin kötülüğünü isteyen, ondan nefret eden, ona zarar vermeye çalışan kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antagonizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. antagonisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />düşmanlık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Düşmanca duygu veya davranış.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antagonizma</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. antagonisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />tezat<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Karşıtlık, karşıt olma.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antet</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. en-tête</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />başlık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Kâğıt veya zarf üstüne basılmış ad ve adres.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antidot</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. antidote</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />panzehir<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Zehrin etkisini ortadan kaldırabilme özelliği olan madde.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antidumping</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> İng. antidumping</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tic. </i>karşı düşürüm<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Ucuzluğa karşı yapılan ucuzluk.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antifriz</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> İng. antifreeze</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />dondurmaz<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />İçine katıldığı sıvının belli bir dereceye kadar donmasını önleyen kimyasal bir madde.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antikite</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. antiquité</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />1. eskilik, 2. <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tar. </i>İlk Çağ<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Eski olma durumu. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>En eski zamanlardan başlayarak Batı Roma İmparatorluğu'nun çöküş yılı olan miladi 476'ya kadar süren çağ.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antinomi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. antinomie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>çatışkı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Yasaların veya önermelerin kendi aralarında çelişikliği.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antiparazit</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. antiparasite</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>asalaksavar<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir canlıda sürekli veya geçici yaşayarak ona zarar veren başka canlıyı yok eden.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antipati</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. antipathie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />1. sevimsizlik, soğukluk, iticilik, 2. <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ruh b.</i> karşıt duygu<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Sevimsiz olma durumu. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Sevimsiz olma durumu. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">3. </b>İtici olma durumu. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">4. </b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ruh b.</i> Bazı kişilere veya varlıklara karşı duyulan ve belirli bir sebebe dayanmayan hoşnutsuzluk durumu.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antipatik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. antipathique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />sevimsiz, itici, soğuk<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Hoşa gitmeyen. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Soğuk, benimsenilmeyen, sevimsiz, sevilmeyen, beğenilmeyen. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">3. </b>Sevimsiz veya yersiz.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antoloji</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anthologie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ed. </i>seçki<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Şairlerin, yazarların, bestecilerin eserlerinden alınmış, seçme parçalardan oluşan eser.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antrakt</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. entracte</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">sin. ve tiy. </i>ara<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir oyunda, bir filmde izleme sırasında dinlenmek üzere verilen kısa süre.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antre</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. entrée</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />giriş<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir yapıda içeri geçilen yer.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antrenman</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. entraïnement</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">sp. </i>alıştırma<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Vücudun gücünü ve dayanıklılığını artırmak için yapılan uygulama, hazırlık çalışması.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antrenör</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. entraîneur</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">sp. </i>çalıştırıcı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir spor dalında, sporcuyu eğiten, yetiştiren ve çalıştıran kişi.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antropoit</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anthropoïde</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />insansı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir spor dalında, sporcuyu eğiten, yetiştiren ve çalıştıran kişi.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antropolog</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anthropologue</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />insan bilimci<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />İnsan bilimi uzmanı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antropoloji</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anthropologie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />insan bilimi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />İnsanın kökenini, evrimini, biyolojik özelliklerini, toplumsal ve kültürel yönlerini inceleyen bilim.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antropolojik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anthropologique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />insan bilimsel<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />İnsan bilimiyle ilgili.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antropomorfizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anthropomorphisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>insan biçimcilik<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />İnsanın niteliklerinin başka bir varlığa, özellikle Tanrı'ya aktarılması.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">antroposantrizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. anthropocentrisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>insanmerkezcilik<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />İnsanı evrenin merkezi sayan, bütün öbür yaratıkların insan için yaratılmış olduklarını söyleyen dinî nitelikli öğreti.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">apaş</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. apache</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />hayta<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Başıboş, bir baltaya sap olamamış.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aperitif</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. apéritif</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />ön içki<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />İştah açmak için yemekten önce içilen alkollü içki.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">apolet</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. épaulette</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ask. </i>omuzluk<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Subaylarda rütbeyi göstermek için üniformaların omuzlarına takılan işaretli parça.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aposteriori</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>sonsal<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Deneyden çıkan ve deneye bağlı olan (bilgi).<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">apostrof</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. apostrophe</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">db. </i>kesme işareti<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Özel adlara, kısaltmalara ve sayılara getirilen ekleri, iki sözün birleşmesi sırasında ortaya çıkan ses düşmesini belirtmek için kullanılan noktalama işaretinin adı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">apraksi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. apraxie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tıp </i>beceri yitimi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />İnme veya duyusal bir bozukluk olmaksızın belirli bir amaca yönelik hareketi yapamama durumu.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">apriori</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. à priori</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>önsel<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Hiçbir denemeye dayanmayan ve akıl yordamıyla bulunup ortaya konan.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aranje</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. arrangé</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">müz. </i>düzenlenmiş<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Başka sesler, çalgılar veya topluluklar tarafından söylenip çalınabilmesi için üzerinde değişiklik yapılmış (eser).<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aranjman</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. arrangement</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">müz. </i>düzenleme<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Belirli bir düzene göre bir araya getirilmiş olan nesne.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aranjör</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. arrangeur</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />düzenleyici<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Herhangi bir işi, kuruluşu gerçekleştirip düzenli sonuç alınmasını üstlenen kimse. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">müz. </i>Belirli sesler, çalgılar veya topluluklar için yazılmış bir eserin, başka sesler, çalgılar veya topluluklar tarafından söylenip çalınabilmesi için o eserde değişiklikler yapan kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">arbitraj</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. arbitrage</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">tic. </i>ara kazanç<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Hisse senedi, tahvil, yabancı para vb. değerli kâğıtları daha kârlı görülen başka kâğıtlarla değiştirme işi.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">arboretum</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Lat.</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />ağaç parkı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Örnek olabilecek çeşitli ağaçların ve bitkilerin bilimsel amaçlarla yetiştirildiği alan.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">areometre</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. aréomètre</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">kim. </i>sıvıölçer<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir sıvının özgül ağırlığını ölçmeye yarayan alet.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">argüman</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. argument</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />kanıt<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir şeyin doğruluğu, gerçekliği konusunda kanaat verici belge.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">arkeolog</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. archéologue</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />kazı bilimci<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Arkeoloji ile uğraşan kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">arkeoloji</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. archéologie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />kazı bilimi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Tarih öncesi ve eski çağlardan kalma eserleri tarih ve sanat açısından inceleyen bilim.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">arkeolojik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. archéologique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />kazı bilimsel<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Arkeoloji ile ilgili.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">arketip</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. archétype</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />kök örnek<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir nesnenin bilinen ilk ve en özgün biçimi.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">arma</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> İt. arma</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />ongun<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir devletin, bir hanedanın veya bir şehrin simgesi olarak kabul edilmiş resim, harf veya şekil.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">armada</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> İt. armata</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">den. </i>donanma<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir devletin deniz kuvvetleri.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aroma</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> İt. aroma</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />hoş koku<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bitki özlerinden veya yağlarından elde edilen koku.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aromaterapi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. aromathérapie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />koku tedavisi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Çeşitli doğal kokulu maddelerle yapılan tedavi yöntemi.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aromatik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. aromatique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />hoş kokulu<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Hoş kokusu olan.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">arşiv</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. archives</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />belgelik<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Belge ve yazıların saklandığı yer.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">arter</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. artère</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">anat. </i>atardamar<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Kalbin sağ karıncığından akciğerlere, sol karıncığından vücudun diğer bölümlerine kan taşıyan damar.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">artikülasyon</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. articulation</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">dil b. </i>boğumlanma<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Ciğerlerden gelen havanın, ağız ve burundaki çeşitli nokta ve bölgelerde engellemeye uğrayarak ses olarak çıkması.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">asamble</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. assemblée</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />kurul<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir işi yapmak, yönetmek veya bir kurum ve kuruluşu temsil etmek için görevlendirilmiş kişilerden oluşmuş topluluk.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">asenkron</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. asynchrone</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />uyumsuz<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Eş zamanlı olmayan, başlama ve bitme anları başka olan (olaylar).<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">asidimetre</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. acidimètre</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">kim. </i>asitölçer<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir asidin özelliğini, konsantrasyon derecesini ölçmeye yarayan cihaz.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">asimetri</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. asymétrie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">mat. </i>bakışımsızlık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bakışımsız olma durumu.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">asimilasyon</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. assimilation</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />1. <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">biy. </i>özümleme, 2. <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">db. </i>benzeşme<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Özümlemek işi. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Kelime içinde, yan yana düşen iki sesten birinci sesin ikincisinin etkisiyle değişmesi<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">asimptot</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. asymptote</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">mat. </i>sonuşmaz<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Sonsuza giden bir eğrinin çeşitli noktalarının gittikçe yaklaştığı başka bir eğri veya doğru.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
<hr align="center" size="2" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" width="100%" />
<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">asistan</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. assistant</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />1. yardımcı, 2. araştırma görevlisi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Yardım eden veya gerektiğinde yardım edecek olan kimse vb. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Yükseköğretim kurumlarında yapılan araştırma, inceleme ve deneylerde yardımcı olan ve yetkili organlarca verilen görevleri yapan öğretim yardımcısı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">asparagas</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> İng. asparagus</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />uydurma<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Gerçek olmayan, gerçekmiş gibi gösterilen haber.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aspiratör</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. aspirateur</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fiz. </i>emmeç<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Havadaki duman, is, koku vb. yabancı maddeleri emerek dışarı atan aygıt. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Kendisine bağlanan bir kabın içindeki gazı seyreltmeye veya sıkıştırmaya yarayan, içinden bir sıvı geçirilerek çalıştırılan araç.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">astrofizik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. astrophysique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">gök. b. </i>yıldız fiziği<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Yıldızların ışığını inceleyen, fizik yapılarını araştıran bilim kolu.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">astrolog</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. astrologue</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">gök. b. </i>yıldız falcısı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Yıldızların durum ve hareketlerinden anlam çıkararak falcılık yapan kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">astroloji</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. astrologie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">gök. b. </i>yıldız falcılığı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Yıldızların etkilerinin incelenmesi yoluyla insanların yazgısını önceden görme ve karakterlerini belirleme uğraşısı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">astronom</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. astronome</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />gök bilimci<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Gök bilimiyle uğraşan bilgin.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">astronomi</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. astronomie</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />gök bilimi<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Gök cisimlerinin konumlarını, hareketlerini, birbirine olan uzaklıklarının ölçülmesini, bunların fizik ve kimya bakımından yapılarını inceleyen bilim.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">astronomik</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. astronomique</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />gök bilimsel<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Gök bilimiyle ilgili.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">astronot</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. astronaute</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">gök. b. </i>uzay adamı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Uzay gemisini uzayda yöneten kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ataş</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. attache</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />tutturgaç<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Kâğıtları birbirine tutturmak için kullanılan telden yapılmış araç.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">atavizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. atavisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ant. </i>atacılık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Uzaklarda bulunan ve birçok kuşaktan beri görünmeyen birtakım özelliklerin yeni bir kuşakta birden ortaya çıkması, ataya çekme.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ateist</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. athéiste</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>tanrıtanımaz<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Tanrı'nın varlığını inkâr eden.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">ateizm</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. athéisme</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">fel. </i>tanrıtanımazlık<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Tanrı'nın varlığını inkâr eden öğreti.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Droid Sans"; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">atölye</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. atelier</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />işlik<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Zanaatçıların veya resim, heykel sanatlarıyla uğraşanların çalıştığı yer.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">atraksiyon</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. attraction</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />eğlendiri<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Gazino, bar vb. yerlerde müşterileri oyalamak, eğlendirmek amacıyla yapılan ilgi çekici gösteri.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">au pair</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. au pair</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />bakıcı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Yabancı ülkede bir aile yanında kalarak eğitimini sürdüren ve aynı zamanda o evin çocuklarına bakan kimse.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aut</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> İng. out</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">sp. </i>dış<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bazı top oyunlarında karşı takım oyuncularının vuruşuyla topun kalenin bulunduğu taraftan dışarı çıkması.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">avangart</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. avant-garde</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />öncü<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir sanat ve düşünce akımını, çağına göre yeni bir görüşü başlatan kimse veya eser.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">avans</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. avance</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />öndelik<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Yapılacak bir hizmet veya satın alınacak bir mal için anlaşmaya göre önceden ödenen miktar.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">avantaj</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. avantage</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />1. üstünlük, 2. kazanım, 3. yarar<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>Üstün olma durumu. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Bir iş yerinde çalışanlara sağlanan hukuksal, sosyal ve mali her türlü hak. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">3. </b>Bir işten elde edilen iyi sonuç.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">avantür</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. aventure</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />macera<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Baştan geçen ilginç olay veya olaylar zinciri.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">averaj</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. average</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />1. ortalama, 2. <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">sp. </i>sayı farkı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">1. </b>İki veya ikiden fazla sayının toplamının toplanan sayıların adedine bölünmesiyle elde edilen (sayı). <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">2. </b>Futbol vb. karşılaşmalarda bir takımın elde ettiği sayıların, karşı takımın elde ettiklerine oranlanmasıyla bulunan sayı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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border: 0px; clear: right; color: #ff4400; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3437559245803575150" imageanchor="1" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; clear: right; color: #ff4400; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3437559245803575150" imageanchor="1" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; clear: right; color: #ff4400; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3437559245803575150" imageanchor="1" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; clear: right; color: #ff4400; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></a><span style="border: 0px; color: #2b537e; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aysberg</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> İng. iceberg</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">coğ. </i>buz dağı<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Kutup bölgelerinde buzullardan koparak akıntılarla yer değiştiren büyük buz parçası.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">aysfilt</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> İng. ice-field</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">coğ. </i>buzla<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Deniz suyunun donmasıyla kutup bölgelerinde oluşan buz alanı.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">azotometre</span></b><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fr. azotomètre</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" /><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">kim. </i>azotölçer<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;" />Bir organik maddede bulunan azotun gaz hacmini ayarlamaya yarayan aygıt.<o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></div>
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</article>Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-82251029227888057332017-06-21T07:22:00.000-07:002017-06-22T08:35:58.010-07:00Yabancı Sözcüklere Türkçe Karşılıklar.<br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Yaşamakta
olduğumuz bilgi çağında ortaya çıkan kültürel, bilimsel vb. gelişmeler tüm
varlıkları etkilediği gibi dili de etkilemekte ve yeni sözlere ihtiyacı ortaya
çıkarmaktadır. <em><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Yabancı
Sözlere Karşılıklar Kılavuzu</span></em> ile söz varlığımıza son dönemde
giren yabancı sözlere karşılık önerilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Bu
kılavuz Yazı dilimizde, bölge ağızlarında, tarihsel metinlerde, çağdaş Türk
lehçelerinde var olan söz varlığımız gözden geçirilerek oluşturulmuştur.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Bu
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da listelenebilmektedir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Kılavuzumuz
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-14037648671517536622017-06-18T12:11:00.001-07:002017-06-18T12:11:39.781-07:00Yıldız Tozu Hikayesi - Mustafa Kutlu<h2 class="title" style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; text-align: center;">
Yıldız Tozu-Mustafa Kutlu</h2>
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<div style="background-color: #f9f9f9; border: 0px; color: #555555; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px; color: #cc0000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">YILDIZ TOZU</span></strong></span><br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="border: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Yaz gecesi. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Berrak bir yaz gecesi. Yıldızlar gökyüzünden yere inmiş sanki. Sanki elini uzatsan tutulacak gibi. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kardeşim Kenan’la damda yatıyoruz. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Sırtüstü yatmış yıldızlara bakıyoruz. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Hiç konuşmuyoruz. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Gece kuşları kesik kesik ötüyor, arada bir uzaklardan köpek sesleri geliyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kenan aniden: <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Abi! <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Hı! <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Gökte herkesin bir yıldızı varmış diyorlar, doğru mu? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Bilmem, doğrudur belki. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Benim yıldızım hangisi acaba? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Ohoo... Milyonla, milyarla yıldız var, ne bileyim ben. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Olsun ben birini seçmek istiyorum, sen de seç. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Hoşuma gitti bu. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Hadi seçelim. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kenan’a yıldızlardan söz açıyorum. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Okulda öğrendiğim bilgileri bir bir sıralıyorum. Bak şu ters cezve biçiminde olan Küçük Ayı, onun yanındaki Büyük Ayı diyerek ve onun "Hani, hani, hangisi" demelerine aldırmayarak bilgiç bilgiç konuşuyorum. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kenan henüz okula gitmiyor, seneye inşallah. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Sonunda bir parlak yıldız seçiyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />"Bu benim yıldızım işte" diyor. Tam Keşiş Dağı’nın tepesine doğru sarkan yıldız. Yerini belliyoruz. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Ben de bir yıldız seçiyorum, saçmalık, ama olsun; o daha çocuk. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Derken bir yıldız kayıyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Ardından ışıklı bir iz bırakarak gözden kayboluyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kenan heyecanla: <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Abi bak biri kaydı. Kayıp kayboldu. Yıldızlar nereye gidiyor, böyle? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Onu bilmiyorum ama!... <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Ama! <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Bir yıldız kayarsa, derler ki o yıldızın sahibi ölmüştür. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— O anda mı? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Evet. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kenan üzülüyor, yüzünü bana dönerek: <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Bakmayalım abi. Hani olur ya, yine kayar belki. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Peki, bakmayalım. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />*** <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Dayım geldi. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Dayım Almanya’dan geldi ve bana bir bisiklet, Kenan’a da top getirdi. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Dayım benim küçüklüğümü biliyor, Kenan’ı hiç görmemiş. Dayım Almanya’ya gideli çok oluyormuş. Çoktandır gelmiyormuş. Şimdi izine geldi. Geldi ve evimiz şenlendi. Ama hemen dönecek. İzni çok kısa imiş. Dayım beni kucağına aldı, şöyle havada bir çevirdi, yüzü kızardı, nefesi daraldı: <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Ulan amma büyümüşsün be kerata, dedi. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Dayımın elini öptüm, teşekkür ettim. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Dayım Kenan’ın da saçını okşadı, anneme işaret ederek: <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Vay be, tıpkı ben, dedi. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Annem: <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Ee… Ne demişler, oğlan dayıya, kız bibiye çeker. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Bizim orada halaya bibi diyorlar. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Hep bir bisikletim olsun istemiştim. Ama biz varlıklı değiliz, alamadı babam. Ben büyürken kasabada bisikleti olan çocuklara imrenir, onların ardısıra koşar, "No’lur bir tur da ben bineyim" diye yalvarırdım. Vermezlerdi. Bizim kasaba çok küçük, çok az bisiklet var, onlar da memur çocuklarının. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Şimdi benim de bir bisikletim var işte. Hepsini çatlatacağım bindirmeyeceğim. Hergün silip parlatacağım. Zaten yepyeni, gıcır. Kasabanın en güzel bisikleti bu. Kendim bile binmeye kıyamıyorum. Ya düşersem, ya bisiklete birşey olursa. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Ama dayanamadım, ara sıra binmeye başladım. Kenan peşim sıra koşuyor "Abi beni de bindir, bana da öğret, no’lur" diye yalvarıyor. Hiç bindirir miyim. "Olmaz, sen daha küçüksün, bacakların yetişmez, git topunla oyna" diyorum. Ağlıyor, tepiniyor, "Napim topu, ben bisiklete binmek istiyorum" diye mızıldanıyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Hayır, olmaz. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Gitti anneme şikayet etti, annem bana hak verdi. Kenan büsbütün aksileşti, ağladı-tepindi, sonunda küstü. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Küsüp dama çıktı, güvercin uçurmaya daldı. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Oh... Uçursun. Beni rahat bıraksın da. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kasabanın sokaklarında bisikletimle dolaşırken herkes bana bakıyor, çocuklar toplaşıyor, sağını solunu ellemeye kalkıyorlar. "Bırakın lan, dokunmayın pis ellerinizle" diye onları azarlıyorum. Onların bisikletleri eski-püskü. Hem yerli malı. Benimkisi öyle mi, Alman malı. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Sade Abdurrahman’a izin verdim. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Geldi bisikletin her yanını yokladı, hayırlı olsun dedi. Binmek istemedi, hem zaten sürmesini bilmiyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Abdurrahman yetim. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Babası hamaldı sebze halinde. Geçen yıl öldü. Bunlar çok fakir, anası hasta. Abdurrahman okulu bıraktı, bir tartı âleti ile çarşıda dikilmeye başladı. Üç-beş kuruş kazanıyor. İyi çocuk, dersleri de çok iyi idi. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Abdurrahman’ın durumuna üzülüyorum. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Valla sürmesini bilse bir tur bindirirdim. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />*** <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Dayım gitti. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Tatil çok güzel geçiyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Ne derede yüzmeye gidiyorum, ne de balık tutmaya. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Top sahasına bile yanaşmıyorum. Varsa yoksa bisiklet. İki küçük bayrak aldım. Biri Türk bayrağı, öteki Fenerbahçe bayrağı. Bunları direksiyona takacağım. Ah bir de düdük olsa. Bisiklet kornası yani. Zili var ama, ne yapayım zili. Acaba babama söylesem şehirden bana bir bisiklet kornası getirir mi? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kenan benimle konuşmuyor, hâlâ küs. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Ben bisikletle evden çıkınca damdan aşağı sert sert bakıyor. Aslında bu çocuğu bu kadar üzmemek lazım. Ama ne yapayım. Çok küçük, sözden anlamıyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Tutsam öğretmeye kalksam, üç gün sonra bırak ben sürerim diyecek. Dik kafalı. Onu bilmez miyim ben. Hele bir sürmeyi öğrensin valla hemen sahiplenir, beni bile bindirmez. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Hele dursun, hele beklesin biraz. Benim hevesim geçsin biraz. Ama geçeceği yok ki. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Geceleri bile rüyama giriyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Bir gün, sabahın köründe kapı çalındı. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Ama nasıl çalınma öyle. Kapıyı çalan sanki evi yıkacak. Bir yandan zile basıyor, bir yandan kapıyı yumrukluyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Apar topar kalkıp açtık. Abdurrahman. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kireç kesilmiş yüzüyle dikiliyor. Babam: <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— No’ldu Abdurrahman, ne var, ne bu telaş, diye sordu. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Kenan düştü amca, koşun, dedi. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Şaşkınlıkla birbirimizin yüzüne baktık. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Ne Kenan’ı? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kenan evde değil mi? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kenan’a ne oldu ki? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Babam picamaları, annem gecelik entarisi üzerine acele bir şey giymiş, ben don gömlek kendimizi sokağa attık. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Yolda "Nerede?" diye sordu babam. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Abdurrahman: "İlerde yol kıyısında, şaranpole yuvarlanmış" dedi. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Babamla annem o kadar hızlı koşuyor ki, biz Abdurrahman’la geride kaldık. Onlar köşeyi dönüp gözden kayboldular. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Ben Abdurrahman’a "Kenan sabahın köründe dışarda ne arıyor" dedim. Abdurrahman yüzünü yere çevirdi. "Bisikletini almış, sürmüş, yokuş aşağı gidince duramamış, şarampola düşmüş. Ben işe giderken gördüm. Kendi bi yanda, bisiklet öte yanda, başı kanıyordu galiba" diye nefes nefese anlattı. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Biz olay yerine varmadan annemle babam köşede göründüler. Babam Kenan’ı kucağında taşıyor, Kenan’ın başı babamın kolu üzerinden sanki cansız gibi aşağı doğru sarkıyor, annem dizlerini döverek "Gitti oğlum, gitti" diye ağlıyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Babam önümüzden geçerken "Git babaannene haber ver, biz sağlık ocağına gidiyoruz, merak etmesin" dedi. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Orada öylece Abdurrahman’la beraber sanki donup kalmıştık. Neden sonra Abdurrahman omuzuma dokunarak "Üzülme, belki sadece bayılmıştır" dedi. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Boğazıma bir yumruk tıkanmış sanki, yumruğu çekseler katıla katıla ağlayacağım; ama olmuyor, gözyaşları sessizce boşanıyor. Abdurrahman da ağladı. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kolunu omuzuma doladı. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Sağlık Ocağı’nda doktor yok. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />İki ebe, bir hemşire. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Bunu hemen şehre, hastaneye yetiştirin demişler, bir cip bulup gitmişler. Babaannem pencerenin önüne çöktü, gözünü yola dikti. Sürekli dua ediyor. Komşular geldi, biz çıktık. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Abdurrahman’la gidip bisiklete baktık. Yamrı yumru olmuş, direksiyon eğrilmiş, lamba kırılmış. Amaan, hiç gözümde yok. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Yine de çeke çeke eve getirdik, avlunun bir köşesine dayadık. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Ah Kenan ah! Neden yaptın bunu? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Ama suç bende. Keşke onu da bindirseydim, o da hevesini alsaydı. Hem o zaman bu iş olmazdı. Suç bende. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Ağzıma lokma koymadım. Ayvanda oturup kaldım. Gözlerim bisiklette. Lanet olsun. Ya Kenan’a bir şey olursa. Ya ölürse kardeşim. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />İçim nasıl sıkılıyor? Artık ağlayamıyorum. Ne yapsam acaba? Şehirden bir haber gelse. Kenan iyi, bir şeyi yokmuş diye bir haber gelse. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Dama çıkıp güvercinlere yem attım. Vakit geçsin diye kümesi temizledim, sularını tazeledim. Kenan’ın bir eski tahta arabası vardı, oyuncak. Tekerleği kırılmış, o da bir yana atmış. Ona yeni bir teker kestim, yerine taktım. Güzel oldu. Ama Kenan bununla oynamaz ki, çocuk işi. O artık büyüdü, seneye okula gidecek. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Babaannem ayvandan seslendi "Evladım gel bir iki lokma bir şey ye" falan dedi. "Karnım tok benim" diye cevapladım. Damdan aşağı inmek istemiyorum, o bisikleti bir daha görmek istemiyorum. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Akşam oldu, haber yok. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Komşular çorba getirdi babaanneme, haber sordular, haber yok. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Ben hâlâ damdayım. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Sonra aniden indim. Bi koşu bisikletin yanına gittim. Direksiyona asıldım, biraz düzeldi; öyle yürüye yürüye, sürüye sürüye Abdurrahmangilin evine kadar geldim. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Abdurrahman şaşırdı. Ne var dedi, bir haber aldınız mı? Yok, dedim. Eee, dedi. Bu bisikleti sana getirdim, enişten demirci belki düzeltir dedim. Yok ya, dedi; o ne anlar. Olsun dedim, ben bunu sana veriyorum. Abdurrahman: Ama nasıl olur, tamir ettirip binersin, dedi. Yok yok, dedim. Ben artık bu bisiklete binemem, senin olsun, dedim. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Dedim ve gözlerim yine doldu. Artık konuşamazdım. Abdurrahman’ı orada, eşik üzerinde şaşkın bırakıp kaçar gibi uzaklaştım. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Gelip yine dama çıktım. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Sırtüstü uzanıp gözlerimi Keşiş Dağı’nın üzerinde parlayan yıldıza diktim. Kenan’ın yıldızı bu, birlikte seçmiştik. Yıldıza baka baka geçen günleri düşündüm. Geçen yazı. Irmakta tuttuğumuz balıkları. Aşağı mahalleyi 6-2 yendiğimiz maçı. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Yıldız kaydı. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Yıldız kayıp düşmeye başladı. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kenan’ın yıldızı kayıyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kenan ölüyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Allah’ım, Allah’ım, Kenan ölüyor mu? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Fırladım, bir gözüm yıldızda. Ardında ışıklı bir iz bırakarak yaklaşıyor. Mısır tarlalarının ötesine Sultan Çayırı’na doğru düşüyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Damdan fırtına gibi indim. Ayaklarım çıplak. Koşmaya başladım. Kasabanın sokaklarını yel gibi geçtim. Bir gözüm yıldızda. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />O düşüyor, ben koşuyorum. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kasaba’dan çıktım, mısır tarlalarına daldım. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Mısır gövdelerinin boyu boyumdan uzun, yapraklan koşarken yüzümü dalıyor. Yıldızı göremiyorum, yıldıza ne oldu? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Tarlalardan çıktım, çayırın kenarına vardım. Ortalık gündüz gibi aydınlanmış, mavi-yeşil bir garip aydınlık. Su dibi, deniz dibi gibi. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Yıldız geliyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Çok şükür ağır ağır iniyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Bir uzay gemisi gibi ışıklar saçarak iniyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />O indi, ben gittim; o indi ben gittim. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Çayırın ortasına ulaştım. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Yıldız geldi geldi, geldikçe parladı, parladıkça ufaldı, ellerimi uzattım, iki avucumu açtım, yıldız gelip ellerime kondu. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Bir rüyada karşılaşmış gibi konuşmaya başladık. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Sen Kenan’ın yıldızısın değil mi? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Evet. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Hoş geldin, nasılsın? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— İyiyim ama düştüm işte, kaydım. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Olsun, ben de koşup tuttum seni. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Teşekkür ederim. Az daha geç kalsaydın yere çakılacaktım. Ne kadar hafifsin sen böyle, yıldızlar neden kayıyor? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Her varlığın bir ömrü var, ömür bitince ışık tükeniyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Ama ben seni tuttum bak, hâlâ parlıyorsun. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Öyle, demek ki vakit tamam olmadı. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Peki şimdi ne yapacağız. Seni böyle hep avucumda tutamam ki. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Kolay. Bak ne yapacaksın. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Ne yapacağım? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Beni biraz yukarı kaldır, sonra bütün gücünle "Ya Allah! Bismillah!" deyip üzerime doğru üfür. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kollarımı yukarı doğru kaldırdım, yıldız avucumda. Avucumdaki yıldıza doğru "Ya Allah! Bismillah!" diye bağırıp bütün gücümle üfürdüm. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Bir tüy gibi havalandı, sonra hızlandı, ışık hızı ile gökyüzüne doğru gitti, eski yerine ulaştı, oradan bana sanki bir göz etti, sanki teşekkür etti. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Vay be! <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kenan’ın yıldızı yine Keşiş Dağı’nın üzerinde, yine eskisi gibi parıldayıp duruyor. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Üzerimden büyük bir ağırlık kalkmıştı. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Yıldıza el salladım, sonra bir neşeli ıslık tutturdum, geldiğim yoldan sallana sal-lana geri döndüm. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Eve vardığımda kapının önü kalabalıktı. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Bir cip vardı ve Kenan yine babamın kucağındaydı. Heyecanla atılıp yanlarına ulaştım. Kenan iyileşmiş, gülüyordu. "Çok kötü düştüm abi" dedi. Boynuna sarılıp bu defa sevinçle hüngür hüngür ağladım. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Orada bulunan herkes ağlıyordu. Neden sonra babam yeter artık deyip, beni Kenan’dan ayırdı. Kalabalık "Geçmiş olsun" diyerek ağır ağır dağıldı. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Tam kapıdan girecekken annem bana döndü ve ellerime işaret ederek. -Ne oldu ellerine senin böyle? Ben de baktım. -Ne olmuş, ne var, dedim. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Sanki yıldız tozu dökülmüş gibi parıldıyor. Bembeyaz. Allah günah yazmaz deyip bir yalan attım: -Hanife Hala’nın samanını taşıdık, ondandır, dedim. Nereden çıktıysa omuz başımda Abdurrahman peyda oldu. -Evet, saman indirdik, diye beni destekledi. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kimsede ellerimle uğraşacak hal kalmamıştı. Herkes tatlı-mutlu bir yorgunlukla eve girdi. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Dışarıda Abdurrahmanla ben kalmıştık. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Kenan iyi, dedim ona. Hiçbir şeyi yok. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Biliyorum, dedi. Şehirden gelen cipi o karşılamış. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Başımı kaldırıp Keşiş Dağı’nın üzerine doğru sarkmış yıldıza baktım. Dalmışım. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Abdurrahman: <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Geç oldu, ben gideyim, dedi. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Sağol, dedim; yarın görüşürüz. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Abdurrahman duraksadı, ellerime baktı, dayanamayıp sordu: <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Ellerine ne oldu? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Gülümsedim: <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Bir gün anlatırım sana. <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Söz mü? <br style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />— Söz.</span></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><u><strong style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Mustafa Kutlu</strong></u></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Mustafa Kutlunun en güzel hikayesi, Mustafa Kutlu'nun hikayeleri, Hikaye ve Mustafa Kutlu, Mustafa Kutlu'nun hikayeciliği...</strong></span></div>
Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-39300203573781070652017-06-17T23:57:00.000-07:002017-06-17T00:18:40.045-07:00Orhay Okay ile Dil Üzerine<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="background: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Orhay Okay ile Dil Üzerine</span><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">Yağmur </span></u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">- Mehmet Kaplan "Sokrat 'Kendini bil diyordu. Comte 'Söylediğini bil'
diyor. Bunun da öteki kadar önemli bir iş olduğunu sanıyoruz" demekte
Kültür ve Dil isimli kitabında. Acaba size göre dilin önemi kendini bilmek
kadar önemli midir? Açıklar mısınız?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">O. Okay</span></u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">- Eğer dili çok genel manada, yani kendimizi ifade etmek için
gerçekleştirdiğimiz bütün davranışlarımız ve yine aynı maksatla kullandığımız
bütün vasıtalar manasında düşünüyorsak evet, kendini bilmek söylediğini bilmek
kadar mühimdir, belki de aynıdır. Çünkü biz ancak kendimizi ifade ettiğimiz
zaman varız. 'Eğer'le başlayan bir cümle daha: Eğer "iptida kelam var
idi" doğru ise Sokrat'ın sözünün Comte'un şartına bağlı olduğunu da kabul
etmemiz gerekir: Kendini bilmek kendini ifade edebilmek demektir. Bilme
fiilinin belki dille ilgisi olmadığı ve sadece zihni bir faaliyet olduğu
söylenebilir. Yani düşünceyle ilgili olduğu. Fakat zaten düşünce de dile bağlı
değil midir? İnsan kelimelerle düşünür. Öyleyse yine iptida kelam var idi,
demektir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">Yağmur</span></u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">- Hal dili ile konuşma dili ve yine konuşma dili ile yazı dili arasındaki
farkı açıklar mısınız?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">O. Okay</span></u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">- Bu sorunuz bana eski edebiyatımızda ve tasavvufta lisan-ı hal dedikleri
şeyi düşündürdü. O özel bir terimdir. Yahya Kemal'in<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">Ehl-i aşk
anlamaz efsus lisan-ı dilden <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">Zanneder
aşık-ı divane muamma söyler<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">beyti de yeni
bir çeşit hal dilini hatırlatıyor. Ama bunun dışında ilk soruyu
cevaplandırırken dilin çok genel manada tarifini benimsiyorsak, divan
edebiyatındaki ve tasavvuftaki hal dili kavramının dışında da bir hal dili
vardır. İnsan, dille konuşmadığı zaman da kendi içinde devamlı bir konuşma
halindedir. O insana dışarıdan bakan dikkatli bir göz o içten konuşmayı
işitmezse bile konuşmakta olduğunu anlar. Ama eğer ruhun beden hareketlerimize
yansımasının, tezahürünün ortak dilini biliyorsak o iç konuşmayı da anlarız
yahut sezeriz. İşte hal dili budur. Ama bence, insanın sadece davranış ve
hareketlerinde değil, başta sanat eserleri olmak üzere ortaya koyduğu,
değiştirdiği, bozduğu, yeniden yaptığı her şeyde bir hal dili var demektir.
Tabii o dili okumasını bilenler için.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">Sorunuzun
ikinci kısmı öncekine göre daha müşahhas bir alanda. Konuşma dili ile yazı dili
farkı. Bu farkın bütün dillerde bulunduğunu ve zaruri olduğunu söylemekle
başlayayım. Konuşma dili, bununla şüphesiz gündelik konuşma dilini
kasdediyoruz, canlı, aktivitesi olan, sadece milli değil, bölgesel, ailevi
hatta ferdi karakteri ve özellikleri olan bir dildir. Yazı dili ise evvela
millidir, onun altındaki kategorilere doğru inerken ihtiyatlıdır. Yani kendi
içinde bir takım sapmaları olsa da disiplinli hatta özel manada söyleyeyim
muhafazakar bir dildir. Konuşma dilinin süratli değişmelerine, bozulmalarına,
yenileşmelerine biraz geç ayak uydurur. Bazı şeylerin kurallaşmasını bekler.
Buradaki yazı dilinden de çok genel manada ifade dili anlamını düşünüyorum.
Yoksa bir roman veya tiyatroya o çok canlı ve yeni olan dil de bir kahramanın
konuşmasıyla girebilir. Fakat bu örnekler zaten ve yine konuşma dili demektir.
Yazı dili ve konuşma dili farklılığını belki yine bu konu içindeki başka bir
dil hadisesiyle karşılaştırabiliriz: imla ve telaffuz. İmla yazı diline ait ve
olabildiği kadar muhafazakar ve kuralcı bir alandır. Telaffuz ise konuşma dili
ile ilgilidir. Her ne kadar ortak ve merkezi bir telaffuz kuralından bahsedilse
de yine de milli ve ferdi oluşlar arasında çok değişiklik, değişkenlik gösteren
başka bir alan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">Yağmur</span></u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">- Bilim ve teknikteki yeni yeni gelişmeler dilimize birçok yabancı terimin
girmesine sebep oluyor. Böylece ilim dilleri ile konuşma dili arasında oluşan
uçurumu doldurmak mümkün mü? Dilimize hücum eden bu yeni kelimelerin
taarruzundan ana dilimizi nasıl koruyabiliriz? Kelime türetmek bu hususta çözüm
yolu olabilir mi?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">O. Okay</span></u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">- Bu, dilin, dilimizin en karmaşık, sıkıntılı ve çözümü zor
meselelerindendir. Hep dikkatimi çekmiştir. Geçen yüzyıl Osmanlısı bu meseleyi
kendine mahsus bir çeşit milliyetçi tavırla halletmiş görünüyor. Yani o,
Tanzimat'tan sonraki Batı dünyası ile yakınlıkların tabii sonucu olarak
karşısına çıkan yeni ilim alanlarına ait birçok terimi ve günlük hayatla,
kullanılan aletlerle ilgili bir yığın kelimeyi çoğu Arapça kelime ve kurallara
başvurarak, kelime uydurarak çözümlüyor. Bunun için çok ciddi çalışmaları ve
ortaya konmuş sözlükleri var. Hatta uygulamaları da. Zira o tarihten II.
Meşrutiyet'e, hatta cumhuriyet döneminin başlarına kadar ilmi ve teknik pek çok
terimin ders kitaplarında, ansiklopedilerde, ilmi, felsefi makalelerde bugün
olduğu kadar Batı dillerinden girmiş kelimelerin adeta bombardımanı gibi bir
hadiseyle karşılaşmıyoruz. Fakat bugünkü durum o dönemden daha farklı. Bilim ve
teknikteki değişmeler çok daha fazla. Büyük bir katlanma, geometrik bir diziyle
artma söz konusu. Hemen hep Batıdan gelen bu aletlere ve onların arkasındaki
kelime ve kavramlara Türkçenin imkanlarıyla direnmek çok zor görünüyor.
Kurallarına uygun olarak Türkçede bu kavramlara karşılık uydurulsa bile
tutunmaları için daha başka şartları olması gerekir. Telaffuz kolaylığı, dile
yatkınlığı gibi. Yahut, ne bileyim, bir veya iki heceden ibaret bir yabancı
kelimeyi siz iki üç kelimeyle karşılıyorsanız bunun tutunması zordur. Dilde de
tembellik denilen bir kural vardır. Dil bir taraftan olağanüstü zenginleşirken
bir taraftan da kısa ve yoğun anlatıma, hatta birtakım kelimelerin, hecelerin
düşmesine doğru gidiyor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">Ben bu konuda
fazla aşırıya gitmeden, şimdi Türk Dil Kurumu'nun yaptığı gibi, buna ilim
adamlarının ve sanatkarların da katılarak yeni ve yabancı kavramlara yeni
karşılıklar teklif etmelerini tabii buluyorum. Ama biraz da tabii akışına
bırakarak bazı Batı orijinli kelimelerin dile yerleşmesini yanlış bulmuyorum.
Asıl tehlikeli olanı bu terimlerden ziyade günlük konuşmanın, televizyon, basın
yani medya dilinin böyle ilmi teknik vs. zaruretler olmaksızın, hatta
Türkiye'de karşılıkları varken ve kullanılıyorken başka bir dilin kelimelerine
başvurması hadisesidir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">Yağmur</span></u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">- Dilin bir vasıta oluşu bugün hemen hemen herkes tarafından kabul edilen
bir husustur. Bu sebeple 'meramı anlatsın da eki kökü belli olmayan kelimelerle
olsun ne farkeder' görüşündeki insanlar haklı mıdır? Değilse sebebi nedir?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">O. Okay</span></u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">- Dil bir vasıtadır ama, nasıl olursa olsun denecek alelade bir vasıta
değil. Vasıta dediğimiz başka nesneler, mesela bizi bir yere götürecek taşıma
araçları için belki ne olursa olsun, götürsün de diyebiliriz. Fakat dil öyle
değil. Onu sadece meramı anlatmak için değil, toplumu belli bir düzende huzur
içinde yaşatacak ahlakı, hukuku ve kanunları, felsefi düşünceyi, duayı, en
geniş manasıyla edebiyatı ve bütün bunların ilim alanlarındaki meramımızı ifade
için kullanıyoruz. Burada meramı anlatsın da ne olursa olsun demek yetmiyor.
Kuralsızlığın bile bir kuralı olur. Bu kuralların hiçbir düşünce temeline
dayanmadan dışına çıkarsanız bir süre sonra meramınızı da anlatamadığınızı
anlarsınız. Dil aslında yukarıdan beri anlatmaya çalıştığım bütün karmaşıklığına
rağmen istisnaları da olan, hatta bu istisnalarının da kuralları olan bir
mantık ürünüdür. Yani tamamıyla bir matematik tekevvünüdür, oluşumudur. Mantık
kelimesinin Arapçada nutuk'la, yani sözle ilgili oluşu dille mantık arasındaki
ilişkiyi gösteriyor. Bütün dillerde yeni kavramlara duyulan ihtiyaç, o dilin
kurallarına, dil mantığına, estetiğine göre yeni kelimeler üretilmesiyle
karşılanır. Yani uydurmadır ama uydurmanın da kuralları vardır. Önceki
sorulardan birine cevap verirken geçen asırda Osmanlı'nın kelime uydurmasından
bahsettim. İşte o kelimeler tam kurallı ve alışılmış bir sistemin içinde
üretildiği için yadırganmadan kullanıldı.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">Yağmur</span></u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">- Mehmet Kaplan "Her milletin dili o milletin çağlar boyu yaşadığı
tarihin bir özetidir" diyor. Bu konuda öz Türkçe kelimelerden başka kelime
kullanmanın hatalı olduğunu söyleyenlerin yanıldıkları noktalar nelerdir?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">O. Okay</span></u><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">- Yalnız tarihin değil, o milletin kültür tarihinin, sanatının,
felsefesinin, her şeyinin özetidir. Ancak dili okumasını da bilmek gerekir.
Semantik ilmi bize bir kelimenin asırlar boyunca geçirdiği mana macerasının
ipuçlarını verir. Bir kelime hangi devirde ne manada kullanılmış, sonra nasıl
farklı manalar yüklenmiş, eski manaların bir kısım kaybolmuş, bir kısmı
yaşamaya devam etmiş, Tamamen yok olan, sonra bir bölgede yeniden hayat bulan
kelimeler var. Bütün bunlar milletin dönem dönem zevkini, inancını, değer
yargılarını hatta ahlak anlayışını gösterir. Ama dediğim gibi, okuyabiliyorsak.
Bu bakımdan aşırı özleşmecilik zararlı bir akımdır. Kelimelerle beraber bir
kültür kaybolur. Ama bir aşırılığa kaçmadan, aralarında ince mana farkları
yoksa bir kavramı karşılayan kelimelerden Türkçe olanı seçebiliriz. Fakat bir
dilde, başka dillerden geçmiş ve aynı kavramı yahut nesneyi karşılayan birden fazla
kelime varsa ve yaşayabiliyorsa bunlar arasında o ince mana farkları da, yani
nüanslar da var demektir. Özleşmecilerin yanıldıkları değil niyetleri başka
olduğu için bu aykırı yola girmişlerdir. Yani bir devirde kültür bağlarını
koparmak, başka bir kültüre bağlamak niyeti. Yoksa yapılan iş o kadar abestir
ki bir yanılmayla açıklamak yetmez.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;">Dil bir
vasıtadır ama nasıl olursa olsun denecek alelade bir vasıta değil. Vasıta
dediğimiz başka nesneler, mesela bizi bir yere götürecek taşıma araçları için
belki ne olursa olsun, götürsün de diyebiliriz. Fakat dil öyle değil. Onu
sadece meramı anlatmak için değil, toplumu belli bir düzende huzur içinde
yaşatacak ahlakı, hukuku ve kanunları, felsefi düşünceyi, duayı, en geniş
manasıyla edebiyatı ve bütün bunların ilim alanlarındaki meramımızı ifade için
kullanıyoruz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br />Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-32873276959396849712017-06-17T02:50:00.003-07:002017-06-17T02:50:28.907-07:00Karaçay / Balkar Türkçesi – Türk Lehçeleri<center style="background-color: #f9f9f9; font-family: "Comic Sans Ms"; font-size: 16px;">
<span style="color: #333333;">Karaçay / Balkar Türkçesi – Türk Lehçeleri</span></center>
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11. yüzyılda Kıpçakların Kafkasya’ya gelmelerinden sonra bir Kıpçak halkı olarak biçimlenen Karaçay-Balkarların Kıpçak dönemi öncesi durumları çok iyi bilinmiyor. <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dillerin-dogusu-ortaya-cikmasi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="dillerin oluşumu">Dillerin</a>deki Bulgarca öğeler nedeniyle, Hun Devleti’nin yıkılışından sonra ortaya çıkan Kafkasya (Kuban) Bulgarlarının Kıpçaklaşmış torunları oldukları kabul ediliyor.</div>
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Kıpçak döneminden sonra <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/altin-yatirimi-yapmak/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="altın, emtia">Altın</a>-Ordu, Kırım Hanlığı ve Osmanlı egemenliklerinde yaşamış olan Karaçay-Balkarlar, yüzyıllarca süren ilişkileri sonucu Gürcü, Oset, Alan, Çerkeş gibi Kafkas halklarının yoğun etkisi altındadırlar. Bugün bile kendilerini Alan olarak adlandırmaktadırlar. 18. yüzyılın ortalarına kadar bir tür <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/samanizm-gok-tanri-dini/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="şamanizm">Şamanizm</a> inancına sahip olan Karaçay-Balkarlar, 18. yüzyılın sonunda müslüman oldular. Kafkasların en yüksek noktası olan Elbrus dağının doğu eteklerindeki Bashan, Çegem, Holam-Bızıngı ve Çerek vadilerinde yaşamaktadırlar.</div>
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1828′de Rus egemenliğine girmiş olan Karaçay-Balkarlar, 1922′de iki ayrı özerk bölge içinde yer aldılar. Karaçaylar, Çerkeslerle birleştirilerek Karaçay-Çerkes Özerk Bölgesi oluşturuldu. 1926′da da Karaçay Özerk Bölgesi haline getirildi. Bashan-Çegem-Çerek vadilerinde oturanlar da Balkar adıyla birleştirilerek Kabardin-Balkar Özerk Bölgesi oluşturuldu.</div>
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Karaçay-Çerkes Özerk Bölgesi’nin başkenti Çerkessk, Kabardin-Balkar Özerk Bölgesi’nin başkenti Nal’çiktir. 1989 sayımına göre <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/eski-turk-yasami/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="eski türk yaşamı">eski</a> Sovyetler Birliği içindeki, toplam Karaçay sayısı 156.140, Balkar sayısı ise 8.771′dir.</div>
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Kumukça ve Nogayca ile birlikte Kıpçak dil grubunun güney kolunu oluşturan Karaçay-Balkarca, Tatarca ve Batı Karayimcesine de çok yakındır. Kıpçakçanın, Genel <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkcenin-tarihi-gelisimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türkçenin tarihi">Türkçe</a> y- sesine karşılık c- bulunduran grubu içinde yer alır. Kafkas ve İran dilleri etkisiyle söz varlığı diğer Türk dillerinden farklıdır. Bulgarca söz varlığı da ilgi çeker.</div>
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İlk Karaçayca kitap 1916′da Arap harfleriyle yayımlanmıştır. 1924′e değin <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/arap-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="arap alfabesi">Arap</a>, 1924-36 yılları arasında Latin alfabesi kullanılmıştır. 1936′da, bugün de kullanılmakta olan Kiril kökenli <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turklerin-kullandiklari-alfabeler/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="alfabeler">alfabe</a>ye geçilmiştir.</div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-51394245037720526372017-06-17T02:47:00.001-07:002017-06-17T02:47:12.133-07:00Altay Türkçesi / Altayca – Türk Lehçeleri<center style="background-color: #f9f9f9; font-family: "Comic Sans Ms"; font-size: 16px;">
<span style="color: #333333;">Altay Türkçesi / Altayca – Türk Lehçeleri</span></center>
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Altayca, Aşağı Çulım, Kondom ve Aşağı Tom Ağızları, Kuzey Altay Diyalektleri başlığı altında belirtilmiş olan kuzey Altay diyalektleri Tuba-Kumandu-Çalkandu ile güney Altay diyalektleri Oyrot-Telengit-Teleütlerin ortak yazı dilidir. Altay yazı dili Oyrot (Altay kiji)-Telengit-Teleüt ağızlan üzerine kurulmuştur.</div>
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Altay bölgesi Orhon, Uygur ve Kırgız egemenliklerinden sonra 12. yüzyılda Moğol istilasıyla karşılaşmış, 17. yüzyılda Rus yönetimi etkili olmaya başlamış, 19. yüzyılda da bölge tümüyle Rus kontrolüne geçmiştir.</div>
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Kuzey ve Güney Altayca konuşurlarının toplam sayısı 1989 sayımına göre 71.317′dir. Çok farklı Türk boylarını içine alan bölgede doğal olarak, Şamanizm, Lamaizm, Budizm gibi farklı inanç biçimleri görülür.</div>
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Altaycanın kuzey ve güney diyalektleri arasında bazı önemli farklar bulunur. Bunlardan biri, ilk hecedeki ag ses öbeğinin kuzey Altay ağızlarında korunmasına karşılık, güney Altay ağızlarında ve yazı dilinde uzun veya kısa u sesine değişmesidir: kuzey Altayca tag, bag; güney Altayca ve yazı dili tu:, bu: vb. İki grup arasındaki bir diğer farklılık çok heceli sözcüklerin sonundaki -ıg/-ig ses öbeklerinin kuzey ağızlarında korunması, güney Altay ağızlarında ve yazı dilinde sırasıyla kısa w ve w seslerine değişmesidir: kuzey Altayca taglıg “dağlı”; şerig (<çerig) “savaş”; güney Altayca ve yazı dili lu.lu, çerü vb.1922′ye kadar yazı dili olarak Teleütçe kullanılmış, Sovyet Devriminden sonra 1922′lerde Oyrot ağzına dayalı Altay yazı dili oluşturulmuştur. Bu nedenle I948′e kadar bu yazı dili Oyrotça olarak adlandırılıyordu. 1928′e kadar Kiril alfabesi ile yazılan Altaycada 1928-1938 yılları arasında Latin alfabesine geçilmiştir. I938′de yeniden Kiril harfleri kabul edilmiştir.</div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-43147977772170458242017-06-17T02:43:00.006-07:002017-06-17T02:43:43.742-07:00Çuvaş Türkçesi / Çuvaşça – Türk Lehçeleri<center style="background-color: #f9f9f9; font-family: "Comic Sans Ms"; font-size: 16px;">
<span style="color: #333333;">Çuvaş Türkçesi / Çuvaşça – Türk Lehçeleri</span></center>
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Çuvaşlar, Orta Asya Türk topluluğundan ayrılıp, batıya doğru göç eden ilk Türk boylarından biri olan Bulgarların torunlarıdır. Hunlar, Bulgarlar, Peçenekler, Hazarlarla birlikte Bulgarların da bu göç sırasında bir süre Kuzey Kafkasya’da yaşadıkları, daha sonra Doğu Avrupa’ya geçtikleri kabul edilmektedir.</div>
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Bulgarlar, Doğu Avrupa’da dağınık boylar halinde yaşamış, değişik zamanlarda farklı devletler kurmuşlardır. Bunlardan biri 7. yüzyıl sonunda kurulan Tuna Bulgar Devleti’dir. 864′te Hristiyanlığı kabul eden ve dilleri de Slavca tarafından sömürülen Tuna Bulgarları 10. yüzyılda tümüyle asimile olmuşlardır. Bu dilden Kiril harfli Bulgar Hanları listesi, Nagy Szent-Miklös hazinesindeki runik harfli Bulgar yazıtları, Bizans kaynaklarındaki Bulgar Türkçesi etnik adlar gibi dağınık dil malzemeleri kalmıştır.</div>
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Bir diğer Bulgar devleti, 10. yüzyılda Volga kıyısında Müslüman Bulgarlarca kurulmuş olan Volga Bulgar Devleti’dir. 1236′da Moğol istilasıyla yıkılan bu <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/devlet-dili/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="devlet dili">devletin dili</a> olan Volga Bulgarcasından 13. ve 14. yüzyıllara ait Arap harfli mezar yazıtları kalmıştır. Hem Tuna hem de Volga Bulgarlarına ait <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dil-nedir-tanimi-anlami-ve-aciklamasi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="dil nedir">dil </a>malzemeleri bu <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dillerin-dogusu-ortaya-cikmasi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="dillerin oluşumu">dillerin</a> Çuvaşça gibi bir r/l dili olduğunu göstermektedir.</div>
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Çuvaş Cumhuriyeti Moskova’nın 600 km doğusunda, Volga dizi denilen bölgede yer alır. Kuzey ve kuzeybatıda Mari Cumhuriyeti, doğuda Tatar Cumhuriyeti, güneybatıda Mordvin Cumhuriyeti ile çevrilidir. Başkenti Çeboksan’dır. 1989 sayımına göre eski Sovyetler Birliği içinde yaşayan Çuvaş sayısı 1.834.300′dür; bunun 907 bin kişisi Çuvaş Cumhuriyeti’nde yaşamaktadır.14. <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/yuz-100-temel-eser/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="yüz temel eser">yüz</a>yılda Altın Ordu içinde yer alan Çuvaş Bölgesi 1552′de Rus çarı Korkunç İvan zamanında Rus kontrolüne geçmiş, Çuvaşlar Hristiyanlığı kabul etmeye başlamışlardır. 24 Haziran 1920′de özerk bölge, 21 Nisan I925′te ise Özerk Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyeti olarak belirlenen Çuvaş yurdu I990′da eski Sovyetler Birliği’nin dağılmasından sonra Çuvaş Cumhuriyeti adını alarak <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/tag/Rusya/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="Rusya">Rusya</a> Federasyonu’na katılmıştır.</div>
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Çuvaşça Türk dilleri içinde en eskicil olanıdır ve tek başına Bulgar <a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/p/turk-dilinin-tarihi-gelisimi.html" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" target="_blank" title="türkçe">Türkçe</a>sini temsil eder (bk. İlk Türkçe, Ana Türkçe); hem Moğol-Mançu-Tunguz, hem Türk, hem de Fin-Ugor <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dillerin-dogusu-ortaya-cikmasi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="dillerin oluşumu">dilleri</a>yle ortak özellikler taşır. Bu nedenle V. Radloff Çuvaşçayı aşama aşama Türkçeleşmiş bir Fin-Ugor dili saymıştı. Ancak G. J. Ramstedt ve öğrencisi N. Poppe tarafından yapılan çalışmalar Çuvaşçanın kurallı olarak gelişmiş bir Türk dili olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.</div>
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Çuvaşça Kiril alfabesiyle yazılan ilk Türk dilidir. 18. yüzyılın başlarında Çuvaşlar arasında Hristiyanlığı yaymaya çalışan Rus misyonerleri bu dili Rus harfleri ile yazmışlardır. Çuvaşça için 1769, 1871 ve 1938′de olmak üzere üç kez <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turklerin-kullandiklari-alfabeler/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="alfabe">alfabe</a> düzenlenmiştir ve üçü de Kiril harflidir. Çuvaşça bugün de bu alfabe ile yazılmaktadır.</div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-41799088022195270922017-06-17T02:39:00.002-07:002017-06-17T02:39:26.029-07:00Yakut Türkçesi / Yakutça – Türk Lehçeleri<center style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
<span style="color: #333333;">Yakut Türkçesi / Yakutça – Türk Lehçeleri</span></center>
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Moğol istilasının ardından, daha 14. yüzyılda bugünkü yurtlan olan Kuzey Sibirya’daki Yakutistan’a çekilen Yakutlar, Çağatay yazı dilini hiç kullanmamışlar, dilleri de Çuvaşça gibi çok farklı bir yönde gelişmiştir.</div>
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Yakut Özerk Cumhuriyeti 1922′de kurulmuştur. Sovyetler Birliği’nin dağılmasından sonra Yakut adı yerine. Yakutların kendilerine verdikleri Saha adı benimsenmiş ve ülke de Saha Sire (Saha Yeri) olarak adlandırılmıştır. Saha Sire dışında Rusya’nın Magadan Bölgesi ile Sahalin Adası’nda Yakut toplulukları yaşamaktadır. 2000 sayımına göre Yakutların nüfusu 458 bindir.</div>
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Sovyet Devrimi’nden sonra yazı dili olan Yakutça, Kiril harfleri ile yazılan ikinci <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-adinin-anlami-ve-kokeni/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türk adı">Türk</a> dilidir. Yakutçanın Kiril harfleriyle yazılmasına 17. yüzyılda <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/tag/Rus/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="rus">Rus</a> misyonerleri ile başlanmışsa da Kiril harfli ilk Yakut <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turklerin-kullandiklari-alfabeler/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="alfabeler">alfabe</a>si 1819′da, ikincisi de 185l’de düzenlenmiştir. Yakutlar hâlâ bu alfabeyi kullanmaktadır.</div>
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Eski Türkçe söz içi ve söz sonu d ünsüzünü /’ye (adak “ayak”>atah, tod- “doymak”>/o/-), söz başı y- ünsüzünü de s’ye değiştirmesiyle (ya:z “ilkbahar”>sa:s) diğer Türk dillerinin tümünden ayrılan <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/yakut-turkcesi-yakutca-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="yakutça">Yakutça</a>nın bir diğer eskicil özelliği Ana Türkçedeki birincil uzun ünlüleri koruması ya da ikizleştirmesidir: a:Oa:t “ad”, be:ş>bies “beş”. Yakutça söz varlığının yarısını Moğolca sözcükler oluşturur.</div>
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<strong>Dolgunca</strong>: Esasen Yakutçanın bir diyalekti olan Dolganca, Yakutistan’dan çok uzakta, Taymır Yarımadası’nda, 1989 sayımına göre 5100 kişi tarafından konuşulmaktadır. Yakutlaşmış bir Tunguz topluluğu olan Dolganlar bu etnik adı 1935 yılından beri kullanmaktadırlar.</div>
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Dolgan diyalekti Yakutçadan daha eskicil özellikler taşır. Bunlardan biri Yakutçada h-’ye değişmiş olan Eski Türkçe söz başı ve söz sonundaki artdamaksıl k ünsüzünün Dolgancada korunmuş olmasıdır: Dolganca tuttun “kadın”=Yakutça hotun, Dolganca atak “ayak”= Yakutça atah vb.</div>
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Dolganca ilk kez 1920 yılında <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-latin-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="latin alfabesi">Latin alfabesi</a> ile yazıya geçirilmişse de 1940 yılından itibaren <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/yakut-turkcesi-yakutca-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="yakutça">Yakutça</a> için tasarlanmış olan Kiril alfabesiyle yazılmaktadır. Dolganca 1992′de devlet dilleriyle eşit statüye getirilmiştir.</div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-53441706718847458332017-06-17T02:36:00.002-07:002017-06-17T02:36:46.869-07:00Tuva ve Hakas Türkçesi / Türk Lehçeleri<center style="background-color: #f9f9f9; font-family: "Comic Sans Ms"; font-size: 16px;">
<span style="color: #333333;">Tuva ve Hakas Türkçesi / Türk Lehçeleri</span></center>
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<span style="color: #ff9900;">Tuvalar ve Tuvaca</span>Rusya Federasyonuna bağlı özerk cumhuriyetlerden biri olan Tuva, adını eski Çin kaynaklarında geçen T’o-pa adından alır. Milat sıralarından başlayarak sırasıyla Hun, <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/gokturkler-gokturk-devleti-tarihi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="göktürkler">Göktürk</a>,<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/uygur-turkcesi-uygurca-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank"> Uygur,</a> <a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com/2017/06/krgz-turkcesi-krgzca-turk-lehceleri.html" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" target="_blank" title="kırgızca">Kırgız</a>, Moğol, Çin egemenlikleri altında yaşayan <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/tag/Tuvalar/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="tuvalar">Tuvalar</a> 1921′de Tannu-Tuva adıyla bağımsız bir cumhuriyet kurmuşlarsa da bu cumhuriyet 1944′te Rusya tarafından ilhak edilmiştir. Başkenti Kızıl’dır.<div style="margin: 0px 0px 20px;">
Sovyet Devrimi’nden sonra yazı dili olan Tuvaca 1930-1943 yılları arasında Latin alfabesiyle yazılmış, 1943′ten beri de Kiril asıllı bir a<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turklerin-kullandiklari-alfabeler/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="türklerin kullandıkları alfabeler">lfabe</a> ile yazılmaktadır.</div>
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<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/tuva-ve-hakas-turkcesi-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="tuvaca">Tuvaca</a> konuşurların büyük çoğunluğu Tuva Özerk Cumhuriyeti’nde yaşamaktadır. 1989 sayımına göre eski Sovyetler Birliği içinde Tuvaca konuşanların toplam sayısı 207 bin, 1998 verilerine göre ise Tuva Özerk Cumhuriyeti’ndeki Tuvaca konuşur sayısı 206.900′dür. Ayrıca Kuzey Moğolistan’da, Buryat Özerk Cumhuriyeti’nde ve Çin’in Sinkiang Uygur Özerk Bölgesi’nde de küçük Tuva toplulukları vardır.</div>
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<br /><span style="font-size: 13px;">Kiril harfleriyle yazılan Tofacada çok sayıda Moğolca sözcük vardır. </span>Tuvacanın ayırıcı ses özelliklerinden biri Eski Türkçe söz içi ve söz sonu d ünsüzünün iki ünlü arasında korunması diğer durumlarda /’ye değişmesidir: adak “ayak”=Tuvaca adak, torf-=Tuvaca tot- vb. Diğer ayırıcı özelliğiyse Eski Türkçe söz başındaki y-sesinin f-’ye değişmesidir: yıl>çıl, yer>çer vb.<br />Tofalar ve Tofaca Yakın zamanlara kadar Karagasça adıyla bilinen ve Tuvacaya çok yakın olan Tofaca veya Tofalarca 1986′da yazı dili haline gelmiştir.<br /><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/eski-turk-yasami/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="eski türk yaşamı">Eski</a> Sovyetler Birliği içindeki sayıca en küçük <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-adinin-anlami-ve-kokeni/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="türk adı">Türk</a> topluluklarından biri olan Tofalar, Sayan dağlarının kuzey yamaçlarında, Uda ve Biryusa ırmaklarının yukarı havzalarında yaşamaktadırlar ve 1989 verilerine göre sayıları 731 ‘dir.</div>
<span style="color: #00ccff;">Hakaslar ve Hakasça</span><div style="margin: 0px 0px 20px;">
<img alt="hakasça" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-2103" height="136" src="http://resim.cokbilgi.com/yazi/hakasya.png" style="border: 1px solid black; float: left; margin: 5px 8px; max-width: 100%; padding: 5px; text-align: left;" width="206" />Çoğunluğu Rusya Federasyonu’na bağlı Hakas Özerk Cumhuriyeti’nde yaşayan Hakaslar da Tuvalar gibi Milat sıralarından başlayarak farklı güçlerin egemenliğinde yaşamış, 1727 ise Rusya’nın hakimiyetine girmişlerdir. Statüsü 1923′te özerk bölge, 1930′da ise özerk cumhuriyet olarak belirlenmiştir. Hakas adı, Kırgız sözcüğünün Çincedeki Heges biçiminden gelir.</div>
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Hakasça da Sovyet Devrimi’nden sonra yazı dili haline getirilmiştir ve Sagay, Beltir, Kaça, Koybal, Kızıl ve Şor ağızlarının <a href="http://www.turklerkardestir.com/turk-dunyasinda-ortak-iletisim-dili.htm" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" target="_blank" title="ortak dil">ortak yazı dili</a>dir. Hakasça konuşur sayısı 1989 sayımına göre 81.428′dir; 2000 yılında 96 bine ulaştığı sanılmaktadır.</div>
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İlk Hakas alfabesi 1926′da Kiril harfleriyle düzenlenmişse de Hakasça 1929-39 yılları arasında <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-latin-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="latin alfabesi">Latin harfleri</a>yle yazılmıştır. 1939′dan başlayarak yeniden Kiril harflerine geçilmiştir.</div>
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Hakasçanın ayırıcı özelliklerinin başında <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkcenin-tarihi-gelisimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="türkçenin tarihi gelişimi">Eski Türkçe</a> söz içi ve söz sonu d sesinin z’ye değişmesi gelir: adak>azah “ayak” vb. Bir diğer ayırıcı özelliği söz başındaki y- sesinin, Tuvacada olduğu gibi, ç-’ye değişmesidir: yadag>çazag “yaya”, yıl>çıl vb.</div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-75615321513330449312017-06-17T02:32:00.004-07:002017-06-17T02:32:34.846-07:00Gagavuz Türkçesi / Gagavuzca – Türk Lehçeleri<center style="background-color: #f9f9f9; font-family: "Comic Sans Ms"; font-size: 16px;">
<span style="color: #333333;">Gagavuz Türkçesi / Gagavuzca – Türk Lehçeleri</span></center>
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Oğuzcanın en batıdaki ve en küçük bu kolunu konuşanların büyük kısmı bugünkü Moldovya Cumhuriyeti’nin güneyiyle Ukrayna’nın güneybatısında <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/eski-turk-yasami/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="eski türk yaşamı">yaşam</a>aktadır. Eski Sovyetler Birliği sınırları içerisinde kalan bu bölgelerdeki Gagauzların nüfusu 1989 yılı sayımına göre 197.000 civarındadır. Ayrıca Bulgaristan’da 5 bin kişilik bir Gagauz grup olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Yine Romanya, Yunanistan, <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/kazak-turkcesi-kazakca-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="kazakça">Kazakistan</a> ve Kafkasya’da belirsiz sayıda Gagauz yaşamaktadır.</div>
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Hristiyan oldukları için Gagauzların sonradan Türkleşmiş Yunanlılar veya Bulgarlar oldukları iddia edilmiştir. Gagauz <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/kelime-sozcuk-nedir/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="kelime nedir">kelime</a>sinin kökeninin belirsiz oluşu da Gagauzların etnik kimlikleri konusunu spekülasyona açık bırakmıştır. Bu isim ilk olarak Ruslara ait 1817 tarihli bir belgede geçmektedir. Yaygın görüşlerden biri Gagauz adının Selçuklu sultanı II. Kcykavus’tan geldiğidir. Bu görüşe göre Gagauzlar Bizans’ı Slav akınlarından korumak üzere Balkanlara gönderilen ve burada Hristiyanlaşan bir grup Selçuklu askerinin torunlarıdır. İkinci yaygın görüş bu adı iki öğeden oluşmuş sayar. Birinci ga veya gag öğesi belirsiz olmakla birlikte ikinci öge Oğuz veya Uz kavim adıdır.</div>
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Gagauzca <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dilbilim-dil-bilimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="dilbilim">dilbilim</a>sel açıdan Türkiye Türkçesinin bir ağzıdır. 1957′de <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/eski-turk-yasami/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="eski türk kültürü">eski</a> Sovyetler Birliği içinde yazı dili olmuş, 1996′ya kadar Kiril harfleriyle yazılmıştır. İki büyük ağzı vardır. İlki, yazı dilinin dayandığı, Çadır-Lunga ve Komrat bölgelerinde konuşulan merkez ağzıdır. İkincisi ise Valkaneş bölgesinde konuşulan güney ağzıdır.İlk Gagauz Devleti 1365 yılında Tuna Deltası’nda kurulmuş, 1368′de Varna başkent olmuştur. Daha sonra Yıldırım Bayezid döneminde Osmanlı hakimiyetine girmiş olan bölge, <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/osmanli-devletinin-donemleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="osmanlı tarihi dönemler">Osmanlı</a> İmparatorluğunun dağılmaya başlamasıyla birlikte <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/gagauzlar-gok-oguzdan-hristiyan-turkler/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="gagauzlar">Gagauzlar</a> tarafından terk edilmiştir. Rusya’ya <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/goc-destani-turk-destanlari/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="göç destanı">göç</a> edip Besarabya’da küçük yerleşim birimleri oluşturan Gagauzlar Çarlık Rusyası dönemindeki asimilasyon politikalarına karşı 1906 ve 1917-20 yılları arasında iki kez isyan etmiş, Romanya’nın Besarabya’yı işgali sırasında Rusya’ya sığınmışlardır. Besarabya 1947 yılındaki Paris anlaşmasıyla Rusya‘ya bağlanmıştır.</div>
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Uzun bir aradan sonra Gorbaçov döneminde Gagauz aydınları arasında bir uyanış başlamış ve 1987′de Gagauz Halk Hareketi oluşturulmuştur. 20 Ağustos 1990′da Moldovya’da özerk bir devlet kuran Gagauzların ülke adı Gagauz Yeri ve resmi dilleri Gagauzca, Romence ve Rusçadır. 2000 yılı itibariyle Bağımsız Devletler Topluluğunda yaşayan Gagauz sayısı 230 bin, Gagauz Yeri’nde yaşayan Gagauz sayısı ise 180 bindir.</div>
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Yoğun Slav etkisi altında kalmış olan Gagauzcanın en belirgin özelliği söz diziminde ve söz varlığında görülen değişmelerdir. Söz dizimindeki değişmeler A. Menz tarafından incelenmiştir (1999). Örneğin: Var mı nasıl ben hızlaniim aliim gözlüklerimi? “Koşup alabilir miyim gözlüklerimi?“. Bu lafları vardı nasıl sotesin saade en iy dost “Bu sözleri sadece en iyi dost söyleyebilirdi”.</div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-65239458752594152352017-06-17T02:28:00.000-07:002017-06-17T02:28:14.681-07:00Tatar Türkçesi / Tatarca – Türk Lehçeleri<center style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">
<span style="color: #333333;">Tatar Türkçesi / Tatarca – Türk Lehçeleri</span></center>
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Tataristan, Rusya Federasyonu’na bağlı bir cumhuriyet olarak Orta Volga bölgesinde yer alır. Kuzeyinde Mari ve Udmurt, doğusunda Başkurt ve batısında Çuvaş Cumhuriyetleri bulunur. Başkenti Kazan’dır.</div>
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Tatar adı Orhon Yazıtları’nda Türk olmayan toplulukları gösterse de Ruslar yüzyıllarca bu adı Avrupa Rusüslüman olarak adlandırıyorlardı. Bugün Tatar adı dar anlamda, yalnız Tataristan ver Kıım halkı için, geya'sında yaşayan Türk-Müslüman halklar için kullandılar. Tatarlar ise 19. yüzyıla kadar kendilerini Mniş <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/cumlede-anlam/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="cümlede anlam">anlam</a>da ise Rusya ve Batı Sibirya’daki Türkçe konuşan halklar için kullanılır.</div>
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Tatarların etnik kimliği de tartışmalıdır. Atalarının önce Altın-Ordu, daha sonra Kazan Hanlığı (kuruluşu 1437) içinde yer aldığı biliniyor. Kazan Hanlığı’nın 1552 yılında Ruslar tarafından yıkılmış olmasına karşın. Kazan ülkesi, 18. yüzyıla kadar Rus kayıtlarında Kazan Hanlığı olarak geçmiştir.</div>
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27 Mayıs 1920′de eski Sovyetler Birliği içinde özerk cumhuriyet haline getirilmiş, 1990′da Sovyetler Birliğinin dağılması üzerine Tataristan Cumhuriyeti adıyla Rusya Federasyonu’na katılmıştır.</div>
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19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Tatar aydınların çabasıyla bir yazı dili olan Tatarca bu tarihten 1928 yılına kadar Arap, 1928-1939 yılları arasında Latin alfabesiyle yazılmıştır. 1939′dan beri de Kiril kökenli bir alfabe kullanılmaktadır. Tataristan 1999′da aldığı bir kararla 1 Eylül 2011 ‘de Latin alfabesine geçmeyi kabul etmişse de, devlet duması 2002′de Rusya Federasyonu içinde Kiril dışında <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turklerin-kullandiklari-alfabeler/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="alfabeler">alfabe</a> kullanılamayacağı yönünde karar almıştır. Bu konudaki belirsizlik devam etmektedir. Aynı durum komşu Başkurtlar için de geçerlidir.</div>
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Kırım’da kullanılan Kırım Tatar Türkçesi, Tataristan’daki Türkçeden biraz farklılık göstermektedir. Kırım Tatar Türkçesinin özellikleri şöyledir:Tatarca, diğer Tatar ağızları ile birlikte Türk dilleri ailesinin Kıpçak bölümüne girer. Belirleyici ses özelliği ilk hecedeki geniş yuvarlak ünlülerin daralması, dar yuvarlak ünlülerin genişleyip zayıflamasıdır: kök>kük “mavi”; süOsüt vb. 1989 sayımına göre eski Sovyetler Birliği içindeki Tatarların sayısı 6.641.588′dir.</div>
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Literatürde Kıpçakçanın batı veya güney grubuna ait gösterilen Kırım Tatarcasının konuşurları, yaklaşık bin yıldır Kırım yarımadasında yaşamaktadırlar. Kırım’da ayrıca musevi Karaim ve Kırımçak Türk toplulukları da bulunmaktadır.</div>
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13. yüzyılda <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/altin-yatirimi-yapmak/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="altın, forex">Altın</a>-Ordu egemenliğinde olan Kırım, 15. yüzyılın sonuna doğru Osmanlı korumasına girmiş, 18. yüzyılın sonunda da Rusya tarafından işgal edilmiştir. İşgalin ardından yarımadadan uzun sürecek bir Türk göçü başlamıştır. 1921 ‘de eski Sovyetler Birliği içinde Kırım Özerk Cumhuriyeti oluşturulmuştur.</div>
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İkinci Dünya Savaşında Almanların Kırım‘ı işgal etmeleriyle burada yaşayan 200 bin Tatar Özbekistan’a sürgün edilmiştir. 1945 yılında özerklik statüsüne son verilen ve Rusya’ya bağlı bir eyalet haline getirilen Kırım, 1954′ten itibaren de Ukrayna’ya bağlanmıştır. Özbekistan’a sürülen Tatarların bir bölümü ise ancak I967′de alınan bir karardan sonra Kırım’a dönebilmişlerdir. 1989 sayımına göre Kırım Tatarlarının toplam sayısı 268.379′dur. Bu nüfusun % 51′i Özbekistan’da, % 16′sı Kırım’da, % 8′i Rusya’da yaşamaktadır.</div>
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<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/tatar-turkcesi-tatarca-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="tatarca">Tatarca</a>-Oğuzca özellikler gösteren Kırım Tatarcasının Kuzey ağzı Nogaycaya, Orta ağzı Tatarcaya ve Güney ağzı <a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkiye-turkcesi-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">Türkiye Türkçesine</a> yakındır. Bu nedenle Güney ağzı, Kırım Osmanlıcası olarak da anılır.</div>
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1928′e kadar <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/arap-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="arap alfabesi">Arap</a>, 1929-1938 yılları arasında ise <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-latin-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="latin alfabesi">Latin alfabesi</a> ile yazılan Kırım Tatarcası 138′den beri Kiril harfleriyle yazılmaktadır; ancak 31 Temmuz 1993′te Latin harflerine geçme kararı alınmıştır.</div>
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Kırım Tatarcası yazı dili Kıpçak ve Oğuz özelliklerini bir arada bulundurur. Örneğin, söz başı v- sesinin korunduğu sözcükler Oğuz, c-’ye değiştiği sözcükler Kıpçak etkisini göstermektedir: yaıjı “yeni”, yardım, fakat caş “genç”, curt “yurt” vb.</div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-47073306656886290532017-06-17T02:12:00.003-07:002017-06-17T02:12:50.354-07:00Uygur Türkçesi / Uygurca – Türk Lehçeleri<center style="background-color: #f9f9f9; font-family: "Comic Sans Ms"; font-size: 16px;">
<span style="color: #333333;">Uygur Türkçesi / Uygurca – Türk Lehçeleri</span></center>
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Çinliler, <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/gokturkler-gokturk-devleti-tarihi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="göktürkler">Göktürkler</a> ve bölgedeki diğer boylarla güç mücadelesi içinde geçirdikleri 150 yıldan sonra <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/tag/Uygurlar/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="uygurlar">Uygurlar</a>, 745 yılında, Moğolistan’daki Göktürk Devleti’ne son vererek bozkırların yeni hakimi olmuşlardır.</div>
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8. yüzyılın sonlarında Uygurlar, Karluklar ve Tibetlilerle savaşarak yavaş yavaş Doğu Türkistan’da, <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/eski-turklerde-tarim/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türklerde tarım">Tarım</a> bölgesindeki şehirlere yerleşmeye ve göçebelikten kopmaya başlamışlardır. Budizm’in de etkisiyle savaşçı kimlikleri zayıflayan Uygurlar, 840 yılında savaştıkları Kırgızlara çok fazla direnmeden güneye. Doğu Türkistan’a çekilmişlerdir. Uygurların Koço’ya (Turfan) yerleşen kolu 840 yılında bir devlet kurmuştur. 1250 yılına kadar varlığını sürdürmüş olan bu devlet, siyasi anlamda değilse de kültürel anlamda önemli bir merkez olmuştur. Yaklaşık dört yüzyıllık egemenlikleri süresince Uygurlar çoğunlukla Budist eserlerin çevirisine dayalı zengin bir edebî gelenek oluşturmuşlardır.</div>
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11. yüzyılda Karahanlıların etkisiyle İslamiyeti kabul eden Uygurlar, 13. yüzyılın başlarında Moğol, 18. yüzyıldan başlayarak da Çin işgaliyle karşılaşmışlardır. Uygurlar Çin işgaline uzun süre direndilerse de bölge 1955 yılında Çin’e bağlı Sinkiang Uygur Özerk Bölgesi haline getirilmiştir.<br />1993 nüfus sayımına göre <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dogu-turkistandaki-cin-zulmu/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="doğu türkistan">Doğu Türkistan</a>‘ın nüfusu 16.052.648′dir. Büyük çoğunluğu Sinkiang Uygur Özerk Bölgesi’nde yaşayan Uygurlar, 7.589.468 kişi ile bu nüfusun % 47′sini oluşturmaktadırlar. Ayrıca <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/kazak-turkcesi-kazakca-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="kazakça">Kazakistan</a>, <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/kirgiz-turkcesi-kirgizca-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="kırgızca">Kırgızistan</a>, <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/ozbek-turkcesi-ozbekce-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="özbekçe">Özbekistan</a> veTürkmenistan‘da da Uygur toplulukları vardır. 1989 sayımına göre eski Sovyetler Birliği’nde yaşayan Uygur sayısı 262.199′dur.</div>
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Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti içinde 1960 yılına kadar Arap alfabesiyle, daha sonra 10 yıl kadar süren <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dil-ve-kultur-iliskisi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="dil ve kültür">Kültür</a> <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dil-devrimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="dil devrimi">Devrimi</a> süresince Latin alfabesiyle yazılan Yeni <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/uygur-turkcesi-uygurca-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="uygurca">Uygurca</a> 1983′ten beri tekrar <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/arap-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="arap alfabesi">Arap alfabesi</a>yle yazılmaktadır. Eski Sovyetler Birliği içindeki Uygurca ise 1930′a kadar Arap, 1930-1947 yılları arasında <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-latin-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türk alfabesi">Latin alfabesi</a>yle yazılmıştır. 1947 yılında Kiril alfabesine geçilmiştir.Özbekçe gibi Eski Uygur, Harezm ve Çağatay yazı dili geleneklerinin taşıyıcısı olan Yeni Uygur-canın Güney ve Kuzey olmak üzere iki büyük ağız grubu vardır. Yazı dili Güney ağızlarına dayanır.</div>
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Yeni Uygurcanın tipik ses özellikleri arasında şunlar sayılabilir: orta hecedeki geniş ünlülerin daralması: ana “anne”, anisi “annesi”; parça “parça”, parçila- “parçalamak” vb.; gerileyici ünlü benzeşmelerinin yaygınlığı: arıg>erik “temiz”, e(ük>ötük “çizme” vb.; söz başındaki y- sesinin i, u, ü ünlüleri önünde y’-'ye değişmesi yıgla- >jigla- “ağlamak”, yügür->jügür- “koşmak” vb.</div>
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Sarı Uygurların kullandıkları <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkcenin-tarihi-gelisimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türkçenin tarihi">Türkçe</a> hakkında ayrıntılı bilgi aşağıda verilmiştir:</div>
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841 ‘deki Kırgız yenilgisinden sonra Moğolistan’ daki yurtlarından güneye, Çin‘e çekilen Uygurlardan Çin’in Kansu eyaletine yerleşenler bugün Sarı Uygurlar olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Sarı Uygurların Moğolca konuşanları kendilerini Moğolca Şira Yugur “Sarı Uygur”, Türkçe konuşanları ise Hara Yugur “Kara Uygur” olarak adlandırırlar.</div>
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Budist-Lamayist inanca bağlı olan Sarı Uygurlar 1990 sayımına göre 12.297 kişidir. Bir yazı dili olmayan Sarı <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/uygur-turkcesi-uygurca-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="uygurca">Uygurca</a> en yeni verilere göre 4.600 kişi tarafından konuşulmaktadır.</div>
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Hakasça ile aynı dil grubuna (azak grubuna) giren Sarı Uygurcada, Hakasça gibi <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkcenin-tarihi-gelisimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türkçenin tarihi">Eski Türkçe</a> söz içi ve söz sonu d sesi z’ye değişmiştir: adak>azak “ayak” vb. Ancak Hakasçadan farklı olarak söz başındaki y- ünsüzü korunur: Eski Türkçe ya:şıt>Sarı Uygurca yasıl “yeşil”=Hakasça çazıl vb.</div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-43692251144699216842017-06-17T02:09:00.003-07:002017-06-17T02:09:44.311-07:00Özbek Türkçesi / Özbekçe – Türk Lehçeleri<center style="background-color: #f9f9f9; font-family: "Comic Sans Ms"; font-size: 16px;">
<span style="color: #333333;">Özbek Türkçesi / Özbekçe – Türk Lehçeleri</span></center>
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Doğu Türkçesinin iki yazı dilinden biri olan Özbekçenin konuşurları, Altınordu Devleti’nin ardından kurulan Özbek Hanlığı içindeki Türk, Moğol ve Fars karışımı halkın torunlarıdır. Özbekler bu adı, 14. yüzyılda yaşamış Altınordu emiri Özbek’ten almışlardır.</div>
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Özbek Hanlığı’nın ardından siyasi bir bütünlük gösteremeyen Özbekler, 19. yüzyılın sonuna doğru <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/tag/Rus/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="rus">Rus</a> işgaliyle karşılaşmışlardır. 1924 yılında eski Sovyetler Birliği içinde Özbekistan Özerk Cumhuriyeti kurulmuş, 1936 yılında Karakalpak Bölgesi de bu cumhuriyete bağlanmıştır. Özbekistan, Sovyetler’in dağılmasıyla 1991 ‘de bağımsızlığına kavuşmuştur.</div>
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Güncel verilere göre Özbekistan’ın nüfusu 27.606.007′dir ve bu nüfusun % 74.3′ü, yani yaklaşık 20.5 milyonu Özbektir. Ayrıca nüfusun % 88′i müslümandır. Özbeklerin çoğunluğu başkenti Taşkent olan Özbekistan’da yaşıyor olsa da Tacikistan, <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/kirgiz-turkcesi-kirgizca-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="kırgızca">Kırgızistan</a>,<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/kazak-turkcesi-kazakca-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="kazakça">Kazakistan</a> ve <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkmen-turkcesi-turkmence-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="türkmence">Türkmenistan</a>‘da da büyük Özbek toplulukları vardır. 1989 sayımına göre eski Sovyetler Birliği’ndeki Özbeklerin toplam sayısı 16.686.244′tür.</div>
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<span style="font-size: 13px;">1930′a kadar Arap, 1930-1940 yılları arasında Latin alfabesi ile yazılan </span>Özbekçe <span style="font-size: 13px;">1940′tan beri </span>Kiril harfleri<span style="font-size: 13px;">yle yazılmaktadır. Sovyetler’in dağılmasının ardından, 2 Eylül 1993′te </span><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-latin-alfabesi/" style="color: black; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: initial;" title="latin harfleri">Latin harfleri</a><span style="font-size: 13px;">ne geçme kararı alan </span>Özbekler<span style="font-size: 13px;">, uygulama 2005′te başlayacağı halde süreyi 2010′kadar uzatmışlardır.</span><span style="font-size: 13px;">Özbekçe, Çağatay yazı </span><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dilin-islevleri-nelerdir/" style="color: black; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: initial;" title="dilin işlevleri">dilin</a><span style="font-size: 13px;">in doğrudan devamı olduğu için çok eski bir yazı geleneğine sahiptir. </span><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkcenin-tarihi-gelisimi/" style="color: black; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: initial;" title="türkçenin tarihi gelişimi">Doğu Türkçesi</a><span style="font-size: 13px;">nden, Kıpçakçaya, Oğuzcaya, </span><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/tag/Farsca/" style="color: black; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: initial;" title="Farsça">Farsça</a><span style="font-size: 13px;">ya kadar uzanan pek çok </span><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/lehce-sive-ve-agiz-nedir/" style="color: black; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: initial;" title="ağız">ağız</a><span style="font-size: 13px;"> grubu içerir. Özbek yazı dili 1930-1937 yılları arasında kuzey ağızlarına dayanmaktaydı. 1937 yılından sonra ise İrancalaşmış Taşkent ağzına ve Fergana Vadisi ağızlarına dayandırıldı.</span></div>
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<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/ozbek-turkcesi-ozbekce-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="özbekçe">Özbekçe</a>nin başlıca <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/roman-turunun-ozellikleri-tarihi-gelisimi-ve-temsilcileri/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="romanın özellikleri">özellikleri</a>nden biri ilk hecedeki a sesinin dudaksıllaşmasıdır: altı>âlti, barmak> barmâk “parmak” vb. Özbekçede ı, ö, ii ünlülerinin kaybolması sonucu ünlü uyumunun geniş ölçüde bozulmuş olması da tipik özelliklerinden biridir: bâgli “bağlı”, togri “doğru” vb.</div>
<span style="color: #ff9900;">AZİZ ADEM</span><div style="margin: 0px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #00ccff;"><strong>(Özbek Türkçesiyle)</strong></span></div>
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Aziz ademsen ey adem, aziz ademdek adem bol,<br />Azizü muhteremlik istesefi mehnetde mehkem bol.</div>
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Aziz adem bolalmas adem adem sureti birle,<br />Cehan tahsin degündek alimü sahib hüner hem bol.</div>
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Kimi bebehradür köz tutma andin behra alsam deb,<br />Ümidin behra bolsa yahşilerge yarü hemdem bol.</div>
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Mukaddes maksadinge toğri yol yetkürgey elbette,<br />Yetib maksadge ümrin içre izzetde mükerrem bol.</div>
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Sukulma her neçük sözlerge, her suhbetde bol huşyar,<br />Eğer sözge leb açsan, oyla evvel bir nefes dem bol.</div>
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Her iş kılsan, Habibiy, puhta kıl, be yaybu benuksan,<br />Könilni tindirib ayine yafthğ şadu hürrem bol.</div>
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<span style="color: #ff9900;">AZİZ İNSAN</span><div style="margin: 0px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #00ccff;"><a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkiye-turkcesi-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">(Türkiye Türkçesiyle)</a></span></strong></div>
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Aziz insansan ey insan, aziz insan gibi insan ol,<br />Azizlik ve muhteremlik istersen emekte muhkem ol.</div>
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Aziz insan olamaz insan, insan sureti ile,<br />Cihanın öveceği kadar âlim ve hüner sahibi de ol.</div>
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Kimi faydasızdır, bekleme ondan fayda görsem diye,<br />Umudun fayda ise iyilere yar ve hemdem ol.</div>
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Mukaddes maksadına doğru götürür elbette,<br />Yetip maksada hayatin boyunca izzette mükerrem ol.</div>
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Karışma her tür söze, her sohbette ihtiyatlı ol,<br />Eğer söz etmeye ağzını açsan, düşün önce, bir nefes dem ol.</div>
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Habibiy, yaptığını mükemmel yap, ayıpsız ve noksansız,<br />Gönlünü rahatlatıp ayna gibi şad ve hürrem ol.</div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/cagdas-turk-lehceleri.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #ff4400; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank"><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #ff9900; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">Çağdaş</span></b><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span></b><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #ff99cc; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">Türk</span></b><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span></b><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #339966; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">Lehçeleri </span></b></a></div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/cagdas-turk-lehceleri.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #ff4400; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank"><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #8eb4e3; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">Sayfasına Geri Dön</span></b><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></a></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "Droid Sans"; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: silver; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 15.3333px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> (Görüntülemek istediğiniz lehçenin adına / bayrağına dokunun.)</span></b></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-17690944247182021152017-06-17T02:06:00.002-07:002017-06-17T02:06:51.075-07:00Türkmen Türkçesi / Türkmence – Türk Lehçeleri<center style="background-color: #f9f9f9; font-family: "Comic Sans Ms"; font-size: 16px;">
<span style="color: #333333;">Türkmen Türkçesi / Türkmence – Türk Lehçeleri</span></center>
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Oğuz grubu içinde Ana Oğuzca özellikleri en iyi korumuş dil olan <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkmen-turkcesi-turkmence-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="türkmence">Türkmence</a>, Horasan Türkçesiyle birlikte doğu Oğuzcayı temsil eder. Türkmenlerin kökeni bugünkü Moğolistan toprakları ile Baykal Gölü civarında yaşamış olan ilk Oğuz boylarına kadar gider. <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/hun-oguz-destani-turk-destanlari/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="oğuz kağan destanı">Oğuz</a> konfederasyonu içinde yer alan Türkmenler, 8. yüzyılda <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turklerin-ana-yurdu/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="türklerin ana yurdu">Orta Asya</a>‘ya doğru hareket etmişler ve Sirderya ve Ural ırmakları arasında yerleşmişlerdir. Bir etnik ad olarak Türkmen, <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/ilk-turk-destanlari/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="ilk türk destanları">ilk</a> kez Kaşgarlı Mahmut’un Divanu Lügati’t-Türk adlı eserinde geçer.</div>
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Moğol istilasından sonra Orta Asya’da kalmış olan Oğuz-Türkmen boyları 16. yüzyıla kadar esas olarak Hazar denizi, Balkan dağları ve Mangışlak bölgesinde yerleşmişlerdir. Türkmen boylarının göçü 16. yüzyıldan 19. yüzyıla kadar sürmüş ve Harezm’e, Horasan’a Türkmenistan’a kadar uzanmışlardır.</div>
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I917′den itibaren eski Sovyetler Birliği içinde yer alan Türkmenistan, 1991 ‘de birliğin dağılmasıyla birlikte 27 Ekim 1991′de bağımsızlığına kavuşmuştur. Başkenti Aşkabat’tır.</div>
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<span style="font-size: 13px;">Orta Asya’daki diğer Türk halkları gibi Türkmenler de 15. ve 17. </span><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/yuz-100-temel-eser/" style="color: black; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: initial;" title="yüz temel eser">yüz</a><span style="font-size: 13px;">yıllar arasında yazı dili olarak Çağataycayı kullanmışlardır. Türkmenlerin ünlü şairi Mahdumkulu 18. yüzyılda ilk kez yerel </span><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/lehce-sive-ve-agiz-nedir/" style="color: black; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: initial;" title="ağız">ağız</a><span style="font-size: 13px;">la, yani Türkmen</span><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/lehce-sive-ve-agiz-nedir/" style="color: black; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: initial;" title="lehçe">lehçe</a><span style="font-size: 13px;">si ile şiirler söylemiş ve onu diğerleri takip etmiştir. 1925 Ekiminden beri Türkmenistan’ın </span><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/devlet-dili/" style="color: black; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: initial;" title="resmi dil">resmi yazı dili</a><span style="font-size: 13px;"> olarak kullanılan Türkmence, 1929 yılına kadar </span><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/arap-alfabesi/" style="color: black; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: initial;" title="arap alfabesi">Arap</a><span style="font-size: 13px;">, 1929-1940 yılları arasında Latin, 1940-1996 yılları arasında </span><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/kiril-alfabesi/" style="color: black; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: initial;" title="kiril alfabesi">Kiril alfabesi</a><span style="font-size: 13px;">yle yazılmış, 1 Ocak 1996′dan itibaren yeniden Latin asıllı alfabeye geçilmiştir.</span>Türkmenistan’ın nüfusu güncel bilgilere göre 4.884.887′dir ve bu nüfusun % 72′si yani yaklaşık 3.5 milyonu <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkmen-turkcesi-turkmence-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="türkmence">Türkmence</a>konuşmaktadır. İran’da (yaklaşık 400.000), Afganistan’da (yaklaşık 400.000) ve Özbekistan’da (121.600) büyük Türkmen grupları bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca Rusya, Kazakistan ve Tacikistan’da 71.500 civarında Türkmen yaşamaktadır.</div>
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Aşağıda Türkmen Türkçesiyle yazılmış bir metin <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dilekce-ornegi-hazir-dilekce-ornekleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="dilekçe örneği">örneği</a> bulunmaktadır. Şiirin Türkiye Türkçesindeki karşılığı alt kısımdadır.</div>
<span style="color: #ff9900;">AYRALIK</span><div style="margin: 0px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #00ccff;"><strong>(Türkmen Türkçesiyle)</strong></span></div>
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Serdar bir şada yigitdi,<br />Emma gara eken bagtı.<br />Çağaların döküp gitdi<br />Aynı hossar gerek vagtı.</div>
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Köp efiredi Nabat pahır,<br />Çağaları hem aglaşdı.<br />Düşek aşı, üçi, kırkı,<br />Barısı ızba-ız geçdi.</div>
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Çalanların dat gününe,<br />Ölen-he öldi-de dmdı.<br />Ağır eklenç endişesi<br />Oların başından indi.</div>
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Nabat öz-özüne diyyer:<br />“İki ayaklı iki günde.<br />İne tiz yetişer Meydan,<br />Gamdan gutularm men-de.</div>
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<span style="color: #ff9900;">AYRILIK</span><div style="margin: 0px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #00ccff;"><strong><a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkiye-turkcesi-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">(Türkiye Türkçesiyle)</a></strong></span></div>
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Serdar bir sade yiğitti,<br />Ama kara imiş bahtı.<br />Çocuklarını bırakıp gitti.<br />Aynı dostluk gerek vakti.</div>
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Çok ağladı Nabat fakir,<br />Çocukları da ağlaştı.<br />Yatak aşı, üçü, kırkı,<br />Hepsi arka arkaya geçti.</div>
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Kalanların imdadına<br />Ölen öldü de kurtuldu.<br />Ağır geçim sıkıntısı<br />Onların başına indi.</div>
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Nabat kendi kendine der:<br />“İki ayaklı iki günde.”<br />İşte tez yetişir Meydan,<br />Gamdan kurtulurum ben de.</div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/cagdas-turk-lehceleri.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #ff4400; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank"><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #ff9900; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">Çağdaş</span></b><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span></b><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #ff99cc; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">Türk</span></b><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span></b><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #339966; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">Lehçeleri </span></b></a></div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/cagdas-turk-lehceleri.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #ff4400; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank"><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #8eb4e3; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">Sayfasına Geri Dön</span></b><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0s ease;"></o:p></span></a></div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "Droid Sans"; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: silver; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 15.3333px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> (Görüntülemek istediğiniz lehçenin adına / bayrağına dokunun.)</span></b></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-75663632303157032652017-06-17T02:03:00.001-07:002017-06-17T02:03:47.134-07:00Kırgız Türkçesi / Kırgızca – Türk Lehçeleri<center style="background-color: #f9f9f9; font-family: "Comic Sans Ms"; font-size: 16px;">
<span style="color: #333333;">Kırgız Türkçesi / Kırgızca – Türk Lehçeleri</span></center>
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<img alt="kırgızca" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-2097" height="155" src="http://resim.cokbilgi.com/yazi/kirgizistan.png" style="border: 1px solid black; float: left; margin: 5px 8px; max-width: 100%; padding: 5px; text-align: left;" width="232" />Kıpçak grubu Türk halklarının en<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/eski-turk-yasami/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="eski türk kültürü">eski</a>lerinden olan Kırgızların adına daha Runik metinlerde rastlanır. Önce Orhon sonra da <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/uygur-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="uygur alfabesi">Uygur</a> Türklerinin egemenliği altında yaşayan Kırgızlar 841 yılında Moğolistan’ daki Uygurları yenilgiye uğratarak bağımsızlıklarını kazanmışlardır. Kısa süren bu bağımsızlıktan sonra 1207′de Moğol egemenliği <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/altin-yatirimi-yapmak/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="altın, ons değeri">altın</a>a giren Kırgızlar, Moğol döneminden sonra Çağatay Hanlığı içinde yer aldılar. 17. yüzyıl başlarında Yenisey-Abakan bölgesine gelen Ruslar burada dört <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/kirgiz-turkcesi-kirgizca-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="kırgızca">Kırgız</a> prensliği bulmuşlardı. 17. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Kalmuk egemenliğine giren Kırgızların büyük çoğunluğu 18. yüzyıl başlarında Tienşan bölgesindeki bugünkü topraklarına göç etmiştir.</div>
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Kırgızlar 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Rus egemenliği altına girmiş ve 1936′da Kırgız Özerk Cumhuriyeti olarak eski Sovyetler Birliği’ne katılmıştır. Sovyetler Birliği’nin dağılmasıyla 1991′de bağımsızlıklarını kazanmışlardır.</div>
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Eski Sovyetler Birliği’ndeki Kırgızların toplam sayısı 1989 sayımına göre 2.530.998′dir. Güncel verilere göre ise Kırgızistan’ın toplam nüfusu 5.5 milyon civarındadır ve bunun da % 64′ü yani yaklaşık 3.5 milyondan fazlası Kırgızdır. Ayrıca Özbekistan, Tacikistan, Kuzey Afganistan ve Pakistan’da, Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin Sinkiang Uygur Özerk Bölgesi’nde de Kırgız toplulukları vardır. Kırgızlar sünni müslümandırlar.</div>
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Sovyet Devriminden sonra yazı dili olan Kırgızca 1924-1926 yılları arasında <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/arap-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="arap alfabesi">Arap</a>, 1928-1940 yılları arasında <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-latin-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="latin alfabesi">Latin alfabesi</a> ile yazılmıştır. 1940′tan beri Kiril alfabesi ile yazılmaktadır. Kırgızistan 1993′te Ankara’da yapılan toplantıda Latin hallerine geçeceğine dair imza atmışsa da bugüne kadar ciddi bir girişimde bulunmamıştır.</div>
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Fu-Yü Kırgızları’nın kullandıkları <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkcenin-tarihi-gelisimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türkçenin tarihi">Türkçe</a>hakkında ayrıntılı bilgi aşağıda verilmiştir:Kırgızcanın temel ayırıcı özelliklerinden biri<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkcenin-tarihi-gelisimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="eski türkçe">Eski Türkçe</a> söz başındaki y- sesinin c-’ye değişmesidir: yagmur>camgır, yer>cer vb. Çeşitli ses öbeklerinin büzülmesi sonucu ortaya çıkan uzun ünlüler de bu dilin dikkat çeken ses özelliklerindendir: tag>to: “dağ”, buzagu>muzo: “buzağı” vb.</div>
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Fu-yü Kırgızları Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin Mançurya Bölgesi’nde, Harbin’in kuzeybatısında, Çin’in Heilungkiang eyaletinde yaşamaktadırlar. Kendi yazılı belgelerine göre ataları 18. yüzyıl ortalarında Altay Bölgesi’nden buraya <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/goc-destani-turk-destanlari/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="göç destanı">göç</a> etmiştir. Günümüzde sayıları yaklaşık 1500 kişi olan Fu-yü Kırgızları Müslüman’dır.</div>
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Fu-yü Kırgızcasında, Kırgızistan Kırgızları gibi yoğun Kıpçak etkisi değil Yenisey-<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/kirgiz-turkcesi-kirgizca-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="kırgızca">Kırgız Türkçesi</a> özellikleri görülür. Zaten kendilerine verdikleri Gırgız adı da Yenisey-Kırgız kökenlerini göstermektedir.</div>
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Fu-yü Kırgızcası, kendisi gibi z (azak) dili olan Sarı Uygurca, Hakasça ve Çulımcaya çok yakındır. Ayrıca Moğolca ve Çulımca tarafından da yoğun biçimde etkilenmiştir. Fu-yü<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/kirgiz-turkcesi-kirgizca-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="kırgızca">Kırgızca</a>sının <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dil-nedir-tanimi-anlami-ve-aciklamasi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="dil nedir">dil</a> ilişkileri Schönig tarafından ayrıntılı olarak ele alınmıştır (1998). Fu-yü Kırgızları yazı dili olarak Çinceyi kullanmaktadırlar.</div>
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Aşağıda Kırgız Türkü şair Aktan Tınıbekov’a ait <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/kirgiz-turkcesi-kirgizca-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="kırgızca">Kırgız Türkçesi</a>yle yazılmış bir <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dilekce-ornegi-hazir-dilekce-ornekleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="hazır dilekçe örneği">örnek</a>metin bulunmaktadır. Şiirin Türkiye Türkçesindeki karşılığı alt kısımdadır.</div>
<span style="color: #ff9900;">KIRGIZSTAN</span> <span style="color: #00ccff;">(Kırgız Türkçesiyle)</span><div style="margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: center;">
Ay carkırap baiınan,<br /><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/altin-yatirimi-yapmak/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="altın, forex">Altın</a>ı arbın, taiıgan,<br />Toonun görkemi Kırgız’da.<br />Kayberen çubap kıyadan,<br />Kıraandar uçup uyadan,<br />Zoonun görkemi Kırgız’da.</div>
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Bulagı tunuk möltüröp,<br />Özönü tereñ kürküröp,<br />Suunun görkemi Kırgız’da.<br />Aralga tolup salkındap,<br />Agarıp köldö carkıldap,</div>
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Kuunun görkemi Kırgız’da.<br />Korgoiun, kükürt, tai kömür,<br />Altın, kümüi, cez temir.</div>
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Kendin görkemi Kırgız’da.<br />Cayloosu cıpar buruldap,<br />Abası salkın iıbırlap,<br />Celdin görkemi Kırgız’da.<br />Kızdarı suluu, uulu mart,<br />Kelini iayır, köönü iat,<br />Eldin görkemi Kırgız’da.</div>
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Balıgı tuylap carkıldap,<br />Parahod cüröt iarpıldap,<br />Köldün görkemi Kırgız’da.<br />Arkar, kulca toptoikon,<br />Aralai çubap ottoikon,<br />Tördün görkemi Kırgız’da.</div>
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Cayılsa iiber kölbögön,<br />Cayında egiz töldögön,<br />Maldın görkemi Kırgız’da.<br />Kolhozdo kampa kark tolgon,<br />Kızılçası kant bolgon,<br />Dandın görkemi Kırgız’da.</div>
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Kırgıyday cagoo tagıngan,<br />Kıraandık colun sagıngan,<br />Baldarı sonun kırgızda.<br />Askanı cançıp col salgan,<br />Dayradan kanal suu algan,<br />Balbanı sonun kırgızda.<br />Argımak atı tañ aikan,<br />Askeri minse caraikan,<br />Külüktör sonun kırgızda.<br />Tulparın toogo çurkatkan,<br />Duimandı sayıp sulatkan,<br />Cigitter sonun kırgızda.</div>
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Betteise Koioy balbanday,<br />Duimandı çaap alganday,<br />Almambet, Bakay, Çubaktan,<br />Bayırkı Manas, Sırgaktan<br />Baatırlık kalgan bir nuska.</div>
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Akındar tañiıp ırdagan,<br />Obonun elim tıñdagan,<br />Ün sonunu kırgızda.<br />Kol oynotup kayırsa,<br />Komuz menen kıyakta,<br />Küü sonunu kırgızda.</div>
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Kırgızstan atanıp,<br />Dañkıbız ketti cıldızga.<br />Irıska batıp bölöndük<br />Sovyettik cañı turmuita.</div>
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<span style="color: #ff9900;">KIRGIZİSTAN</span> <span style="color: #00ccff;"><a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkiye-turkcesi-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">(Türkiye Türkçesiyle)</a></span><div style="margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: center;">
Ay parlayıp baiından,<br />Altını bol, taimakta olan,<br />Dağın görkemlisi Kırgız’dadır.<br />Kayberen yürüyen keçiyolundan,<br />Alıcı kuiları uçar yuvadan,<br />Kayanın görkemlisi Kırgız’dadır.</div>
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Pınar suyu ieffaf parlaktır,<br />Irmakları derin, gür akan,<br />Sunnu görkemlisi Kırgız’dadır.<br />Adaya dolar serinleyip,<br />Ağarıp gölde parlayan,<br />Kuğu kuiunun görkemlisi Kırgız’dadır.</div>
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Kuriun, kükürt, tai kömür,<br />Altın, gümüi, bakır, temir.<br />Madenin görkemlisi Kırgız’dadır.</div>
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Yaylası mis gibi kokan,<br />Havası serin fısıldayan,<br />Yelin görkemlisi Kırgız’dadır.<br />Kızları güzel, oğlu mert,<br />Gelini açık tabiatlı, gönlü tok,<br />Halkın görkemlisi Kırgız’dadır.</div>
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Balığı oynar parlayıp,<br />Gemisi yüzen iarıldap,<br />Gölün görkemlisi Kırgız’dadır.<br />Dağ koyunu, dağ koçu toplanan,<br />Hep beraber otlanan,<br />Otlakların görkemlisi Kırgız’dadır.</div>
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Yayılsa çimen sallanmayan,<br />Yazın ikiz döl yapan,<br />Malın görkemlisi Kırgız’dadır.<br />Kolhoz’da ambar tam dolan,<br />Pancarı ise ieker olan,<br />Ekinin görkemlisi Kırgız’dadır.</div>
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Atmaca gibi boyun bağı takan,<br />Çeviklik yolunu taslayan,<br />Gençlerin güzeli Kırgız’dadır.<br />Kayayı parçalayıp yol açan,<br />Irmaktan kanalla su alan,<br />Pehlivanı güzel Kırgız’ın.</div>
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Asil cins atı iaiırtır,<br />Askeri binse yakıiır,<br />Küheylanları güzel Kırgız’ın.<br />Küheylanın dağa koituran,<br />Düimanı sançıp yere seren,<br />Yiğitleri güzel Kırgız’ın.</div>
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Kariılaisa Koioy pehlivan gibi,<br />Düimanı fei eder gibi,<br />Almambet, Bakay, Çubak’tan,<br />Eski Manas, Sırgak’tan<br />Bahadırlığın kalmıi güzel örneği.</div>
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Akındar ahenkle iiir söyler,<br />Seslerini halkım dinler,<br />Sesi güzel Kırgız’ın.<br />Ey maharetini göstererek oynasa,<br />Kopuz ile kemanda,<br />Makamı güzel Kırgız’ın.</div>
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Kırgızstan adını alıp,<br />iöhretimiz ulaitı yıldıza.<br />Rızıka batıp bolluk içine girdik<br />Sovyetlerin yeni hayatında.</div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/cagdas-turk-lehceleri.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #ff4400; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank"><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #ff9900; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">Çağdaş</span></b><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span></b><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #ff99cc; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">Türk</span></b><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span></b><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #339966; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;">Lehçeleri </span></b></a></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-32292954494798849482017-06-17T02:00:00.002-07:002017-06-17T02:00:32.399-07:00Kazak Türkçesi / Kazakça – Türk Lehçeleri<center style="background-color: #f9f9f9; font-family: "Comic Sans Ms"; font-size: 16px;">
<span style="color: #333333;">Kazak Türkçesi / Kazakça – Türk Lehçeleri</span></center>
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Etnik bir ad olarak “Kazak” sözcüğünün ortaya çıkışı, <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turklerin-ana-yurdu/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="türklerin ana yurdu">Orta Asya</a>‘daki Moğol istilasından sonradır. Altın Ordu devleti içinde biçimlenen Türk-Moğol karışımı Kazak boyları 15.-18. yüzyıllar arasında Kalmuklarla mücadele etmiş, 18. yüzyılda da Rus egemenliği <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/altin-yatirimi-yapmak/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="altın, emtia">altın</a>a girmişlerdir. 1924 yılında eski Sovyetler Birliği içinde kurulan Kazakistan Özerk Cumhuriyeti, Sovyetlerin dağılmasıyla 1991′de bağımsızlığını ilan etmiştir.</div>
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Kazakistan İstatistik Kurumu verilerine göre Mart 2017 tarihinde Kazakistan’ın toplam nüfusu 17.753.000′dir. Kazakistan Hükümeti <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/devlet-dili/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="devlet dili">resmi</a> sitesinde Kazak sayısının toplam nüfusun yaklaşık % 60′ı olduğu belirtilmiştir. Bundan Kazakistan’daki Kazak sayısının 9.496.000 olduğu anlaşılabilir. Ayrıca Özbekistan, <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkmen-turkcesi-turkmence-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="türkmence">Türkmenistan</a>, Kırgızistan, Tacikistan Cumhuriyetleri, Rusya Federasyonu, Moğolistan, Afganistan, Çin ve Türkiye’de yaşayan Kazak nüfusla bu sayının 12 milyona yaklaştığı tahmin edilebilir. Kazaklar sünni müslümandırlar.</div>
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<span style="font-size: 13px;">Devlet başkanı Nursultan Nazarbayev’in, 2006 yılında Latin esaslı Kazak </span><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turklerin-kullandiklari-alfabeler/" style="color: black; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: initial;" title="alfabeler">alfabe</a><span style="font-size: 13px;">sine geçiş için altı ay içinde hazırlık yapılması gerektiğine dair bir talimatı olmuştur. Ayrıca 11.-15 Haziran 2007′de Türk Dil Kurumunda Kazakistan’ın Latin harflerine geçişi ile ilgili bir toplantı, yapılmış ve gelişmeler değerlendirilmiştir.</span>Kazakça Türk dili <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dunyanin-enleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="dünyanın enleri">dünya</a>sının güney Kıpçak grubu içinde yer alır. 19. yüzyılda Rus yönetimi altında yazı dili olan Kazakça kuzeydoğu ağızlarına dayanır. Kazak yazı dilinin kurucusunun Abay Kunanbayulı (1845-1904) olduğu düşünülse de, Abay’ın çalışmaları 20. yüzyılın başına kadar yayımlanmamıştır.<br />1929′a kadar Arap, 1929-1940 yılları arasında Latin alfabesi ile yazılan Kazakça için I940′ta Kiril asıllı yeni Kazak alfabesi belirlenmiştir. Sovyetler Birliği’nin dağılmasından sonra Kazakistan’da da alfabe değişikliği gündeme gelmiş, başta Latin alfabesi olmak üzere <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/arap-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="arap alfabesi">Arap</a> ve <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/uygur-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="uygur alfabesi">Uygur alfabesi</a>, hatta Runik alfabe seçenekleri tartışılmaya başlamıştır.</div>
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Kazakçanın temel ayırıcı özellikleri arasında <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkcenin-tarihi-gelisimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="türkçe">Eski Türkçe</a> söz başındaki y- sesinin j-’ye; ş ve ç seslerinin her durumda sırasıyla s ve ş’ye değişmeleri sayılabilir: yaz->jaz-, baş>bas, üçüriüşin vb.</div>
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Aşağıda Kazak Türkçesine <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dilekce-ornegi-hazir-dilekce-ornekleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="hazır dilekçe örneği">örnek</a> bir metin verilmiştir. <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/metinlerin-siniflandirilmasi-metin-turleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="metinlerin sınıflandırması">Metnin</a> Türkiye Türkçesindeki karşılığı, altındadır.</div>
<span style="color: #ff9900;">Irıstı Men On Altı Akın</span> <span style="color: #33cccc;">(Kazak Türkçesiyle)</span><div style="margin: 0px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">
<strong>Irıstı suluvdıñ cumbağı:</strong><br />Kerüven tüyen bar ma kos artkanday,<br />Kos artıp cük tüyesin bosatkanday,<br />Öziñ de kartka baskan kisi ekensiñ,<br />Kerini bar ma amal casartkanday?</div>
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<strong>1- Eşniyaz Saldıñ şeşüvi:</strong><br />Kerüvenmin, tüyem arık, kelip em kez,<br />Kezdestik col üstinde sizbenen biz.<br />Özindey nağız seyis kolğa tüsse,<br />Keriniñ casarmağı bir suluv kız.</div>
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<strong>2- Alşın Ezilkeştiñ şeşüvi:</strong><br />Kos artpak-hak buyrığı, karındasım,<br />Körkeytpek bulbul baktın derecesin.<br />Köñili şat keriniñ cas bolmağı ansan,<br />Emiredey erkim tapsa Urlıkasın.</div>
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<strong>3- Alaşa Sadık akınnıñ şeşüvi:</strong><br />Ölgen soñ bastan keter köñil kumar,<br />Cuk arttım talay-talay köñilge nar,<br />Kaytalap keri kisi cas bolmaydı,<br />Eşeyin köñilinizge kelgen şığar.</div>
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<strong>4- Onğar cıravdıñ şeşüvi:</strong><br />Bak-<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/devlet-dili/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="devlet dili">devlet</a>, kondırsa erge ıkbal kusın,<br />Ayamas cuk artuvğa nardın küşin.<br />Ul perzent, uyat, işan, em suluv car,<br />Casartıp körsetedi erdiñ tüsin.<br />Tabılar ne keregin osı aytkannan,<br />Bolmasa öziñiz bil endigisin.</div>
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<strong>5- Karasakal Erimbettiñ şeşüvi:</strong><br />Keriniñ casarmağın aytalık biz,<br />Bul sözdi kulak salıp tındañız siz.<br />Üstinde kirsiz kiyim can tınıştık,<br />Salkın üy sapıruvlı sarı kımız.<br />Kırkuvsız bağlan etin mayda tuvrap,<br />Ceseñiz şorabalap, cuvalı tuz.<br />Üstiñde toktı teri tonın bolsa,<br />Kıskıraktıñ etin ceseñ kıs penen küz.<br />Keriniñ casarmağı osılayşa,<br />Demeden osılayşa küderindi üz.<br />Alpıska kelgen erge eyel cakpas,<br />Degender bilmey aytkan: “Bir suluv kız”.</div>
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<span style="color: #ff9900;">Irıstı ile On Altı Akın</span> <span style="color: #33cccc;"><a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkiye-turkcesi-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">(Türkiye Türkçesiyle)</a></span><div style="margin: 0px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">
<strong>Irıstı güzelin bilmecesi:</strong><br />Kervanın deven var mı semer vuracak,<br />Semerleyip yüklü devesini bırakacak,<br />Kendin de yaşlanmış adamsın,<br />ıhtiyarı gençleştirecek çare var mı?</div>
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<strong>1- Eşniyaz Sald’ın Çözümü:</strong><br />Kervanım, devem güçsüz, sırası gelip,<br />Karşılaştık yol üstünde sizle biz.<br />Senin gibi has alim ele geçse,<br />Yaşlının gençleşmesi bir güzel kız.</div>
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<strong>2- Alşın Ezilkeş’in Çözümü:</strong><br />Semer artmak <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/allah-ve-tanri-sozcukleri-uzerine/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="allah ve tanrı">Allah</a>‘ın emri kardeşim,<br />Bülbüldür bağın değerini arttıran.<br />Gönlü mesut ihtiyarın gençleşmesi gerçek,<br />Âmire gibi Urlukasını bulan herkes.</div>
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<strong>3- Alaşa Sadık Ozanın Çözümü:</strong><br />Öldükten sonra gönlün arzusu baştan gider,<br />Bir çok yük arttım gönlüme.<br />Dönüp yaşlı insan genç olmaz,<br />Ancak gönlünüze gelen çıkar.</div>
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<strong>4- Onğar Ozanın Çözümü:</strong><br />Baht devlet, kondursa insana ikbal kuşunu,<br />Veremez yük yükletmeye devesini.<br />Oğul, ayıp, iman, hem güzel yar,<br />ınsanın görünüşünü gençleştirir.<br />Bu söylenenden ne bulunur,<br />Olmasa kendiniz bilin sıradakini.</div>
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<strong>5- Karasakal Erimbet’in Çözümü:</strong><br />Yaşlının gençleşmesini söyleyelim biz,<br />Bu söz kulak verip dinleyiniz siz.<br />Üstünde temiz elbise can rahatlığı,<br />Serin ev, karıştırılmış sarı kımız.<br />Kesilmemiş kuzu etini yağa doğrayıp,<br />Yeseniz çorba yapıp soğanlı tuzlu.<br />Üstünde toklu deri ceketin olsa,<br />Yavru kısrağın etini kış ve güz yesen.<br />Yaşlının gençleşmesi böyledir,<br />Deme’den böylece ümidini kes.<br />Altmışa gelen erkeğe kadın yaklaşmaz,<br />Diyenler bilmeden söylemiş “Bir güzel kız”.</div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-9919282617495324772017-06-17T01:56:00.000-07:002017-06-17T01:56:47.425-07:00Azerbaycan Türkçesi / Azerice – Türk Lehçeleri<center style="background-color: #f9f9f9; font-family: "Comic Sans Ms"; font-size: 16px;">
<span style="color: #333333;">Azerbaycan Türkçesi / Azerice – Türk Lehçeleri</span></center>
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Türkiye Türkleri gibi, batıya göç eden Oğuzların torunları olan Azeriler bugün esas olarak İran’da, merkezi Tebriz olan Azerbaycan vilayetinde ve <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/eski-turk-yasami/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="eski türkler">eski</a> Sovyetler Birliği’nin dağılmasından sonra 1991′de bağımsızlığını kazanan Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti’nde yaşamaktadır.</div>
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19. yüzyılın ilk yarısında Rus işgaliyle ikiye bölünen Azerbaycan’ın tarihinde Türkmençay Antlaşması (1828) ile yeni bir dönem başlamıştır. Kuzey ve Güney Azerbaycan arasındaki ilişkiler 20. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinin sonuna değin Rusya’da Sovyet, iran’da Pehlevi rejimlerinin kurulmasına değin sürse de, bu dönemlerden itibaren Stalin ve Pehlevi siyasetleri sonucunda, güney ve kuzey arasındaki ilişkiler kesilmeye, ayrımlar belirginleşmeye başlamıştır. Azeri Türkleri, iki farklı siyasal sistemin yönetimi <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/altin-yatirimi-yapmak/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="altın, forex">altın</a>da, farklı koşullarda gelişimlerini sürdürmüşlerdir.</div>
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İran Azericesi Tebrizi, Zencani, Erdebili ve Urumiye ağızlarından oluşur. Bunlar içinde Tebriz ağzı (Tebrizi) ölçünlü ağız olarak kabul edilir. Ayrıca Karapapah, Afşari (Afşar), Şahseven, Mokaddem, Baharlu (Kameş), Nafar, Karagözlü, Pışagçı, Bayat, Kaçar vb. ağızlar da vardır. Azerice İran’daki Türk lehçeleri içinde en tanınan ve üzerinde en çok bilimsel çalışma yapılan diyalekttir.</div>
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<span style="font-size: 13px;">Azerbaycan Cumhuriyetinde konuşulan Azericenin başlıca dört diyalekt grubu vardır: Doğu diyalektleri (Küba, Baku, Şamahı, Muğan, Lenkoran), Batı diyalektleri (Kazak, Gence, Karabağ diyalektleri, Ayrum ağzı), Kuzey diyalektleri (Nuha), Güney-Doğu diyalektleri (Nahçıvan, Ordubad, Tebriz diyalektleri, Yerevan ağzı).</span>Eski Sovyetler Birliği’nden bağımsızlığını kazanan, başkenti Baku olan Azerbaycan Cumhuriyetinin ise güncel bilgilere göre nüfusu 9.417.672′dir ve bu nüfusun % 90.3′ü yani yaklaşık 8.5 milyonu Azerice konuşmaktadır.</div>
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1927 yılma kadar <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/arap-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration: initial;" title="arap alfabesi">Arap</a>, 1927-1939 yılları arasında Latin alfabesi ile yazılan Azerice 1939′dan itibaren Kiril alfabesi ile yazılmaya başlanmışsa da 1991 yılında eski Sovyetler Birliği’nin dağılması ve Azerbaycan’ın bağımsız olmasından sonra yeniden Latin alfabesi ile yazılmaya başlamıştır.</div>
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Aşağıda Azerbaycan Türkçesine örnek metin verilmiştir. Metnin Türkiye Türkçesindeki karşılığı, alt kısımdadır.</div>
<span style="color: #ff9900;">Oğuz’un Od Tapması</span> <strong><span style="color: #00ccff;">(Azerbaycan Türkçesiyle)</span></strong><br />
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Oğuz nesli Yer Xan Ana Xatun’la çox isti ölkeler gezdi. Çox yerden keçdi. Bir gün gelib bir qayanın üstünde gecelemeli oldu. Qayanm üstü hem yumaşaq, hem de isti idi. Belece yatıb yuxuya getdiler. Sabah gözlerini açanda gördüler böyük bir quşun qanadları üstündedirler. Her yan ele soyuyub ki, adamın dişi dişine deyir. Quş da qanadmı yelledib onları yere atdı. Dedi:</div>
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- Adını da Yer Xan qoymusan. Seni dalımda gezdirmeden belim qırıldı. Barı get özüne bir çare qayd.<br />
- Ey quş, kimsen, insaf et, yardımını esirgeme. Ana Xatun böyle soyuğa dayanabilmez. Bize bir çare et.</div>
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Quş dedi:<br />
- Men Göy Xan’a Boz öküzün verdiyi quşam…</div>
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Yer Xan dedi:<br />
- Men Göy Xan’ın qardaşıyam.</div>
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Quş dedi:<br />
- Bilirem. Ele ona göre sizi yolda belimden yere atmadım. İndi qulaq as, Dağ Xan’dan min illik bir palıd iste.</div>
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Yer Xan dedi:<br />
- Nece isteyem? Heç Dağ Xan’ın yerini bilirem ki?</div>
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Quş dedi:<br />
- Sen yalnız isteyini söyle. Dağ Xan onu yerine getirer.</div>
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Yer xan dedi:<br />
- Ey Dağ Xan mene min illik palıd gönder. Hemen Yer Xan’ın qarşısında min illik palıd yere serildi.</div>
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Quş dedi:<br />
- İndi dile ki, Qodu Xan nefesi ile onu alovlandırsın.</div>
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Yer Xan bunu istedi. Bir de gördü ki, palıd alovlandı, her teref bir isti oldu ki, gel göresen.</div>
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Quş dedi:<br />
- Bax beyle. Yer Xan, bura senin ilk meskenin olacaq. Qardaşım Qodu Xan hemişe başımın üstünde, Dağ Xan bax, görünen bu Qaf dağında. Deniz Xan da burada, yanındadır. Hansını çağırsan harayrna yetesidir. Hansından ne isteyirsen de, utanma, derdini de, qardaşlarm yardımı esirgemezler.</div>
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Quş daha sonra dedi:<br />
- Bax indi Yel Xan’la Dağ Xan’a de, buradaki odu sönmeye qoymasmlar. Palıd qurtaranda Dağ xan palıd getirsin. Od qaralanda Yel Xan odu közertsin.<br />
Yer Xan otlardan qazan düzeltdi. Odu tapmaqlarma sevindiler. Ana Xatun yarmayı aş bişirdi. Yediler, içdiler. Odun kenarında Yer Xan dağma tikdi. Yer Xan Ana Xatun’la yatdı.</div>
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<span style="color: #ff9900;">Oğuz’un Ateş Bulması</span> <span style="color: #00ccff;">(Türkiye Türkçesiyle)</span><br />
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Oğuz soyundan Yer Han, Ana Hatun’la çok sıcak ülkeler gezdi. Birçok yerden geçti. Bir gün gelip bir kayanın üstünde geceyi geçirmek istedi. Kayanın üstü hem yumuşak hem de sıcaktı. Böylece yatıp, uyudular. Sabah gözlerini açtığında gördüler ki, büyük büyük bir kuşun kanatları üzerindeler. Her yer öyle soğumuş ki, adamın dişi dişine çalınıyor. Kuş da kanadını sallayarak onları yere attı. Dedi:</div>
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- Adını da Yer Han koymuşsun. Seni sırtımda gezdirmekten belim kırıldı. Bari git de kendine bir çare bul.<br />
- Ey kuş, kimsen insaf et, yardımını esirgeme. Ana Hatun böyle soğuğa dayanamaz. Bize bir çare bul.</div>
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Kuş dedi:<br />
- Ben Gök Han’a Boz öküzün verdiği kuşum…</div>
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Yer Han dedi:<br />
- Men Gök Han’ın kardeşiyim.</div>
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Kuş dedi:<br />
- Biliyorum. Zaten onun için sizi yolda belimden yere atmadım. Şimdi beni dinle, Dağ Han’dan bin yıllık bir meşe ağacı iste.</div>
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Yer Han dedi:<br />
- Nasıl isteyeyim? Hiç Dağ Han’ın yerini bilmiyorum ki?</div>
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Kuş dedi:<br />
- Sen yalnız isteğini söyle. Dağ Han onu yerine getirir.</div>
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Yer Han dedi:<br />
- Ey Dağ Han bana bin yıllık meşe ağacı gönder. Hemen Yer Han’ın karşısında bin yıllık meşe ağacı yere serildi.</div>
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Kuş dedi:<br />
- Şimdi dile ki, Kodu Xan nefesi ile onu alevlendirsin.</div>
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Yer Xan bunu istedi. Bir de gördü ki meşe ağacı alevlendi, her yer bir sıcak oldu ki, gel de gör.</div>
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Kuş dedi:<br />
- Bak böyle. Yer Han, burası senin ilk meskenin olacak. Kardeşim Kodu Han hemen başının üstünde, Dağ Han bak görünen bu Kaf Dağı’nda. Deniz Han da burada, yanındadır. Hangisini çağırırsan yardımına gelebilirler. Hangisinden ne istersen iste, utanma. Derdini de, kardeşlerim yardımı esirgemezler.</div>
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Quş daha sonra dedi:<br />
- Bak şimdi Yel Han’la Dağ Han’a de, buradaki ateşin sönmesini önlesinler. Odun biterken Dağ Han odun getirsin. Ateş geçecek olduğunda Yel Han ateşi alevlendirsin.</div>
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Yer Han otlardan kazan oluşturdu. Ateşi buldukları için sevindiler. Ana Hatun yemeği pişirdi. Yediler, içtiler. Ateşin kenarında Yer Han yatak dikti. Yer Han Ana Hatun’la uyudu.</div>
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<b style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: "Droid Sans"; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: silver; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 15.3333px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0s ease; vertical-align: baseline;"> (Görüntülemek istediğiniz lehçenin adına / bayrağına dokunun.)</span></b></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-90857877248677298022017-06-17T01:49:00.001-07:002017-06-17T01:50:00.594-07:00Türkiye Türkçesi – Türk Lehçeleri<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="color: #333333;">Türkiye Türkçesi – Türk Lehçeleri</span></center>
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Yeni dönem içerisinde en önemli grubu Türkiye ve Türkiye dışında yetmiş milyondan fazla insanın <a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/dillerin-olusumu-ve-teorileri.html" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="ana dili">ana dili</a> olarak konuştuğu Türkiye Türkçesi oluşturur. Bu dil Türk dil ailesinin güneybatı veya Oğuz grubuna aittir. Türkçe veya Türkiye Türkçesi, ortak Altay dil ailesine bağlı <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-adinin-anlami-ve-kokeni/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türk adı">Türk</a> dillerinin Oğuz öbeğine üye bir dildir. Türk dilleri ailesi bünyesindeki Oğuz öbeğinde bulunur. Türkçe <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dunyanin-enleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="dünyanın enleri">dünyada en</a> fazla konuşulan 15. dildir.</div>
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Türkiye Cumhuriyetinin nüfusu 2017 TUİK adrese dayalı nüfus kayıt sistemi sonuçlarına göre 79.814.871 kişidir. Halen 80 milyonu aşmış olduğu tahmin edilmektedir.</div>
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Türkiye Türkçesi, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti ve Kuzey Kıbrıs’ın (2017 sayımına göre nüfusu 313.616) <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/devlet-dili/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="resmi dil">resmi dil</a>idir. Yunanistan (tahminen 120 bin), Romanya (50 bin), Bulgaristan (tahminen 1 milyon). Eski Yugoslavya (tahminen 130.00), Makedonya (tahminen 7.000), Irak (2,5 milyondan fazla) vb. ülkelerde azınlık dili olarak kullanılır. Ayrıca Türkiye Türkçesi Almanya’daki 2,8 milyonu aşkın kişi başta olmak üzere Hollanda, Fransa, Belçika, İsviçre, İngiltere, İsveç, Danimarka, ABD, Kanada, Avustralya, Suudi Arabistan, İsrail, Rusya Federasyonu vd. ülkelerde toplam 3.5 milyon Türk vatandaşı tarafından konuşulmaktadır. Ancak rakamlar kesin değildir; bazı ülkelere ait sağlıklı veriler yoktur.</div>
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Anadolu’da 13. yüzyıldaki başlangıcından 1928′e kadar <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/arap-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="arap alfabesi">Arap alfabesi</a>yle yazılmış olan<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkiye-turkcesi-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türkiye türkçesi">Türkiye Türkçesi</a>, 1928′den beri <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-latin-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="latin alfabesi">Latin</a> kökenli bir alfabeyle yazılmaktadır. Bugün Türkiye Türkçesi, yaşayan <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/cagdas-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="çağdaş türk lehçeleri">Türk lehçeleri</a> içinde en çok konuşanı olma yönüyle ön plana çıkmıştır. <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/azerbaycan-hakkinda-derleme-bilgiler/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="azerbaycan">Azerbaycan</a>, Kırgızistan, Türkmenistan gibi Türk devletlerinde yaşayan soydaşlarımız, Türkiye Türkçesini kolaylıkla öğrenmekte ve kullanmaktadır. Türk dünyasında, Türkiye’nin öncü rolü Türkiye Türkçesinin de “<strong>ortak dil</strong>“ oluşturma sürecine öncülük etmesini sağlamıştır.</div>
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“<strong>İstanbul ağzı</strong>” Türkçenin yazı dilidir. Bu yüzden Türk dillerinde ve Anadolu şivelerinde bulunan “<strong>açık e</strong>“, “<strong>hırıltılı h</strong>” ve “ön damaksıl n” sesleri bulunmaz. <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-latin-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türk alfabesi">Türk alfabesi</a>nde, sekiz ünlü, 21 ünsüz harf bulunmaktadır, Azerbaycan abecesinde 9 ünlü, 31 ünsüz harf bulunur. Genel olarak Türk Dilleri çok daha fazla sesi olan bir dildir; ancak Türkçede, diğer Türk dillerinde bulunan /ŋ/, /ɳ/, /q/, /w/, /ɛ/ gibi sesler de bulunmaz. <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkcenin-tarihi-gelisimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türkçenin tarihi">Türkçe</a> çok geniş kullanımıyla birlikte zengin bir dil olmasının yanı sıra,<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/ozne/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="özne">özne</a>-<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/nesne/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="nesne">nesne</a>-<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/yuklem/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="yüklem">yüklem</a> biçimindeki tümce kuruluşlarıyla bilinmektedir. Ayrıca, Türkçe sondan eklemeli bir <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dil-nedir-tanimi-anlami-ve-aciklamasi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="dil nedir">dil</a>dir. Bu nedenle kullanılan herhangi bir <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/fiil-eylem/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="fiiller">eylem</a> üzerinden istenildiği kadar sözcük türetilebilir. Türkiye Türkçesi bu yönünden dolayı diğer Türk dilleri ortak ya da ayrık bulunan onlarca <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/cekim-ve-yapim-ekleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="çekim ve yapım ekleri">ek</a>e sahiptir.Türkçe Türkiye, Kıbrıs, Irak, Balkanlar,<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turklerin-ana-yurdu/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="orta asya">Orta Asya</a> ve Orta Avrupa ülkeleri başta olmak üzere geniş bir coğrafyada konuşulmaktadır. Ayrıca bu dil, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti ve Kıbrıs Cumhuriyetinin resmî; Romanya, Makedonya, Kosova ve Irak’ın ise tanınmış bölgesel dilidir. Balkanlarda konuşulur. Bunun aynı öbekte (<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkun-ulu-atasi-oguz-kagan-tanrikut-mete-han/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="oğuz kağan">Oğuz</a> Öbeğinde) bulunan Azerbaycan'ca ve <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkmen-turkcesi-turkmence-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türkmence">Türkmence</a>, İran, Güney Azerbaycan, Azerbaycan, Afganistan, Gürcistan ve Türkmenistan’da konuşulur. Türkçe birçok diyalekte sahip bir dildir.</div>
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Şu anda okuduğunuz bu metin, Türkiye Türkçesine örnektir. Bunun için örnek metin vermeye gerek duyulmamıştır.</div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/cagdas-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank"><b><span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25.0pt;">Çağdaş</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt;"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #ff99cc; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25.0pt;">Türk</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25pt;"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #339966; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25.0pt;">Lehçeleri </span></b></a></div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/cagdas-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank"><b><span style="color: #8eb4e3; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 25.0pt;">Sayfasına Geri Dön</span></b><span style="font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></a></div>
<b><span style="color: silver; font-family: "comic sans ms"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> (Görüntülemek istediğiniz lehçenin adına / bayrağına dokunun.)</span></b></div>
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<br />Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-10724274459828423622017-06-17T01:28:00.001-07:002017-06-17T08:55:16.264-07:00Çağdaş Türk Lehçeleri<h2 class="title" style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; text-align: center;">
Çağdaş Türk Lehçeleri</h2>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/cagdas-turk-lehceleri/13295434" style="color: #549cc3; cursor: default; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank" title="Çağdaş Türk Lehçeleri"><img alt="Çağdaş Türk Lehçeleri | görsel 1" src="http://img06.blogcu.com/v2/images/big/g/o/n/gonuldiliturkce/gonuldiliturkce_1356289372128.jpg" height="326" style="background-color: white; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;" width="400" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dunyanin-enleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="dünyanın enleri">Dünyanın en</a> köklü ve güçlü milletlerinden biri olan Türkler, yer yüzünün muhtelif bölgelerine yayılmışlar ve buraları yurt edinmişlerdir. <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/yuz-100-temel-eser/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="yüz temel eser">Yüz</a>yıllar alan bu yayılma hareketi sonucunda, önceleri <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turklerin-ana-yurdu/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türklerin ana yurdu">Orta Asya</a>‘da hep birlikte yaşayan Türk milleti ne yazık ki birbirinden ayrı düşmüştür. Bu ayrılıklar neticesinde, iletişim ve aradaki bağlar zayıflamış; bunun doğal sonucu olarak da Türkçenin farklı <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/hazirlikli-konusmalar/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="hazırlıklı konuşmalar">konuşma</a> / yazma biçimleri (lehçeler) doğmuştur.</div>
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Yukarıdaki haritada gördüğünüz yerler, Türkiye’nin yüz ölçümünü ve bulunduğu yeri düşündüğünüz zaman olağanüstü büyüklükte bir alanı kaplamaktadır. 2 milyon km2‘den daha fazla bir alanda konuşulan <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkcenin-tarihi-gelisimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türkçenin tarihi">Türkçe</a>, buralarda yerleşik olarak yaşayan <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-adinin-anlami-ve-kokeni/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türk adı">Türk</a> boyları / toplulukları tarafından farklılaştırılmıştır. Bu bazen, siyasi amaçlar uğruna <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/tag/Ruslar/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="ruslar">Ruslar</a> gibi Türk düşmanları tarafından yapılmıştır. Buna benzer nedenler, bugün bazılarını anlamakta güçlük çektiğimiz çağdaş <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/cagdas-turk-lehceleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="çağdaş türk lehçeleri">Türk lehçeleri</a>ni ortaya çıkarmıştır.</div>
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Bu lehçelerin hangi coğrafyada ve kaç kişi tarafından kullanıldığına dair ayrıntılı bilgi edinmek için, aşağıda sıralanan bağlantıları takip edebilirsiniz. <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkcenin-tarihi-gelisimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="türkçenin tarihi gelişimi">Türkçenin</a> konuşanı çok olan <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/lehce-sive-ve-agiz-nedir/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="lehçe">lehçe</a>leri, devletlerinin bayraklarıyla birlikte aşağıda verilmiştir. Daha küçük lehçelerin bağlantıları da, alt kısımda gösterilmiştir.</div>
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<tr><td align="center" colspan="2" height="27" width="502"><span style="font-size: 25pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: #ff9900;">Çağdaş</span> <span style="color: #ff99cc;">Türk</span> <span style="color: #339966;">Lehçeleri</span></span><br />
<span style="color: silver;"><strong>(Görüntülemek istediğiniz lehçenin adına / bayrağına dokunun.)</strong></span></td></tr>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkiye-turkcesi-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="264" data-original-width="400" height="131" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Z8U_TlYEZS4/WUTkXgNmq5I/AAAAAAAAAY0/Q3rUsRQysBYovthlYnR_ahC4sXH3c47agCLcBGAs/s200/gonuldiliturkce_1356292713156.png" width="200" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkiye-turkcesi-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">Türkiye Türkçesi</a></div>
</td><td align="center" height="27" width="251"><a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/azerbaycan-turkcesi-azerice-turk-lehceleri/13295575" style="color: #549cc3;"><span style="border-width: 0pt; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></span></a><br />
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/azerbaycan-turkcesi-azerice-turk.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="267" data-original-width="400" height="133" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-HSrVaYrwY8s/WUTk0ErOtsI/AAAAAAAAAY4/ptl02MPZCzs53Wx1cLoHy2iTfcXK44p6QCLcBGAs/s200/gonuldiliturkce_1356292777103.png" width="200" /></a></div>
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/azerbaycan-turkcesi-azerice-turk.html" target="_blank">Azerbaycan Türkçesi</a></td></tr>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/kazak-turkcesi-kazakca-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="261" data-original-width="400" height="130" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ytCvndVo0ds/WUTlBwCCloI/AAAAAAAAAY8/bfGaWBv4sQ8KQ0DIlLhpPD4MZO_eWc27ACLcBGAs/s200/gonuldiliturkce_135629284115.png" width="200" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/kazak-turkcesi-kazakca-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">Kazak Türkçesi</a></td><td align="center" height="27" width="251"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/krgz-turkcesi-krgzca-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="267" data-original-width="400" height="133" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-_NG3fgBAiM0/WUTlMPvpPeI/AAAAAAAAAZA/LkcZ-NxfVm0vd-1DQtkjS2WkSLFt4TmVQCLcBGAs/s200/gonuldiliturkce_135629292848.png" width="200" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/krgz-turkcesi-krgzca-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">Kırgız Türkçesi</a></div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkmen-turkcesi-turkmence-turk.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="265" data-original-width="400" height="132" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ass4E75HUKA/WUTlZjdptfI/AAAAAAAAAZE/2fOeupr4iWgxQV3w3vCflM3w4m9D_xGjgCLcBGAs/s200/gonuldiliturkce_1356292982113.png" width="200" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/turkmen-turkcesi-turkmence-turk.html" target="_blank">Türkmen Türkçesi</a></td><td align="center" height="27" style="text-align: center;" width="251"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/ozbek-turkcesi-ozbekce-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="265" data-original-width="400" height="132" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-I17LXucjPCM/WUTlhUczQjI/AAAAAAAAAZI/IdENrqy9q101tdNcmGWEMzQ7dBlzquWtQCLcBGAs/s200/gonuldiliturkce_135629305064.png" width="200" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/ozbek-turkcesi-ozbekce-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">Özbek Türkçesi</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" height="27" width="251"><a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/uygur-turkcesi-uygurca-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="266" data-original-width="400" height="132" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-rTGtpcP9lEE/WUTlwf3AMZI/AAAAAAAAAZM/uQk1uTWDeUITEUEZDIcL2QfRn5hfbG6lACLcBGAs/s200/gonuldiliturkce_1356293149173.png" width="200" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/uygur-turkcesi-uygurca-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">Uygur Türkçesi</a></td><td align="center" height="27" width="251"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/tatar-turkcesi-tatarca-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="270" data-original-width="400" height="135" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-yIz7POLa70U/WUTl4XoDn3I/AAAAAAAAAZQ/Q-eW0sPH8S40vhWMkwu9t9yDNgcRC8RxgCLcBGAs/s200/gonuldiliturkce_135628965456.png" width="200" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/tatar-turkcesi-tatarca-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">Tatar Türkçesi</a></td></tr>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/gagavuz-turkcesi-gagavuzca-turk.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="269" data-original-width="400" height="134" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-STaP97vEDHo/WUTmH8SeoFI/AAAAAAAAAZU/KbVLr9QMvvsu_VzZHDGPQQh3jeNzGtOXACEwYBhgL/s200/gonuldiliturkce_1356290888166.png" width="200" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/gagavuz-turkcesi-gagavuzca-turk.html" target="_blank">Gagavuz Türkçesi</a></td><td align="center" height="27" width="251"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/tuva-ve-hakas-turkcesi-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="263" data-original-width="400" height="131" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-o-0jWjd5WnU/WUTmhdaquFI/AAAAAAAAAZY/3sFlsUEkYgULFo7lQy-jNkgpUwvFFpMFgCLcBGAs/s200/gonuldiliturkce_1356290953186.png" width="200" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/tuva-ve-hakas-turkcesi-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">Tuva / Hakas Türkçesi</a></td></tr>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/yakut-turkcesi-yakutca-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="263" data-original-width="400" height="131" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-RX5KBwLNOmU/WUTmuYS5aRI/AAAAAAAAAZc/VQfM5SW26lcN6bTM2hbTBPdYoDBF7d67gCLcBGAs/s200/gonuldiliturkce_135629101468.png" width="200" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/yakut-turkcesi-yakutca-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">Yakut Türkçesi</a></td><td align="center" height="28" width="251"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/cuvas-turkcesi-cuvasca-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="264" data-original-width="400" height="131" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-dnkkSjE1f1E/WUTm7klwt5I/AAAAAAAAAZg/3CJZu0MkdlQ1SGCt-M9w8uGadLLHSFXzwCLcBGAs/s200/gonuldiliturkce_1356291078138.png" width="200" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/cuvas-turkcesi-cuvasca-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">Çuvaş Türkçesi</a></div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/altay-turkcesi-altayca-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="267" data-original-width="400" height="133" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-M-I7IVy7OGE/WUTnUCeHnkI/AAAAAAAAAZk/pl5_jY6q1VYEuAYPZGXuSNncqUJgQn0lwCLcBGAs/s200/gonuldiliturkce_1356291135115.png" width="200" /></a></div>
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<span style="text-align: justify;"><a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/altay-turkcesi-altayca-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">Altay Türkçesi</a></span></div>
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<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/karacay-balkar-turkcesi-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="264" data-original-width="400" height="131" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-s6SN8tZrCys/WUTn-IGJAcI/AAAAAAAAAZs/KHntj81qrConDbFx3eGdmjda4kly6D5ZgCLcBGAs/s200/gonuldiliturkce_135629120087.png" width="200" /></a></div>
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/karacay-balkar-turkcesi-turk-lehceleri.html" target="_blank">Karaçay / Balkar Türkçesi</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" height="28" width="251"> <a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/karay-karaim-turkcesi-turk-lehceleri/13295535" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="karayca">Karay Türkçesi</a></td><td align="center" height="28" width="251"><a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/nogay-turkcesi-nogayca-turk-lehceleri/13295536" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="nogayca">Nogay Türkçesi</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" height="28" width="251"><a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/karapapak-turkcesi-karapapakca-turk-lehceleri/13295541" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="karapapak türkçesi">Karapapak Türkçesi</a></td><td align="center" height="28" width="251"><a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/halac-turkcesi-halacca-turk-lehceleri/13295543" style="color: black; outline: none; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="halaç türkçesi">Halaç Türkçesi</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" height="28" width="251"><a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/karapapak-turkcesi-karapapakca-turk-lehceleri/13295541" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="karapapak türkçesi">Kumuk Türkçesi</a></td><td align="center" height="28" width="251"><a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/salar-turkcesi-salarca-turk-lehceleri/13295547" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: initial;" title="salar türkçesi, salarca">Salar Türkçesi</a><br />
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-5823145598427094852017-06-17T00:52:00.000-07:002017-06-17T00:52:05.629-07:00Dillerin Oluşumu ve Teorileri<h2 class="title" style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px;">
Dillerin Oluşumu ve Teorileri</h2>
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Dillerin Doğuşu / Ortaya Çıkması</div>
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Dilbilimle, dil konusuyla ilgili olalım olmayalım, hemen hepimiz zaman zaman kendi kendimize “Acaba dil nasıl doğmuştur, dünyada en eski dil hangisidir?” diye sormuşuzdur. Çok eskiden beri, pek çok kimsenin zihnini kurcalayan ve günümüze gelinceye kadar birçok araştırıcının üzerinde çaba harcadığı dilin doğuşu sorununun değişik yönleri, aydınlatılması gereken noktalan vardır:</div>
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— Acaba konuşan ilk insan ne zaman yaşamıştır; insan dilinin tarihi nereye kadar götürülebilir?<br />— tik konuşmalar ne biçimde gerçekleşmiş, anlaşma nasıl bir dille sağlanmıştır?<br />— Diller tek bir kaynaktan mı, yoksa başka başka kaynaklardan mı türemiştir?… gibi.</div>
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Birbirleriyle yakından ilgili bu sorunların, bugün de kesinlikle aydınlatılabildiğini söyleyecek durumda değiliz. Ancak bugüne değin birtakım ilerlemeler olmuş, ilgi çekici yargılara varılmış, varsayımlar ileri sürülmüştür. Biz, bütün bunların aydınlatabildikleri noktaları, kabul edilebilecek yönlerini belirteceğiz.</div>
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Şurasını özellikle belli etmek gereklidir ki, konumuzun kesinlikle açıklığa kavuşmasını güçleştiren, hatta bunu zaman zaman olanak dışı bir duruma getiren gerçeklerden biri, yazıma ve elimizdeki en eski yazılı <a href="http://www.gokturkce.net/yazi/ilk-yazili-tarihimiz-orhun-yazitlari/" style="color: #549cc3;" target="_blank"><img alt="orhun yazıtları" class="size-full wp-image-145 alignnone" height="10" src="http://resim.cokbilgi.com/yazi/baglanti.png" style="border: 0pt none;" width="10" /></a>belgelerin, çok yeni bir evreye ait olması, insanlık tarihinin ancak çok yakın bir evresini aydınlatabilecek durumda bulunmasıdır, örneğin en eski belgeler sayılan, Sümercenin yazılı metinleri, bundan ancak 5500 yıl öncesine kadar uzanmakta, Türkçenin en eski ürünleri -bir çok dilden daha eski olmalarına karşın- ancak M.S. VII.-VIII. yüzyıla kadar gitmektedir. Halbuki yapılan en son araştırmalar, ilk insanların bundan 1 milyon yıl kadar önce yaşadıklarını ortaya koymaktadır.</div>
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Ünlü Fransız dil bilgini J. YENDRYES, Le Langage adlı kitabında (s. 6 ve ötesi) dilin doğuşu konusunda yapılan bazı gereksiz tartışmalara değindikten sonra dil (langue) ve söz (parole) arasındaki farkı belirtmekte, sözün doğuşu konusunun insanbilim alanını ilgilendirdiğini, dilbilim, dili ancak yakın evrelerde ele alabildiği için insanbilimcilerle birlikte çalışılması gerektiğini ileri sürmekteydi.Burada belirtilmesi gereken bir konu dilin doğuşu sorununun insanbilim ve ruhbilim alanındaki araştırmaların sonuçlarından yararlanmakta olduğu, daha çok bu bilim dallarının yardımıyla aydınlatılabileceğidir. Dilbilim uzmanlarının, karşılaşılan güçlükler yüzünden, uzun yıllardan beri ilgilenmemeye başladıkları, bir yana bıraktıkları dilin doğuşu sorunu, son yıllarda insanbilim ve ruhbilimin verilerinden faydalanılarak yeniden ele alınmaktadır. Bu arala, çocuk dili üzerindeki araştırmalar da dilin doğuşunu aydınlatmaya yarayacak ipuçları vermektedir. Bu konuyu aşağıda yer vereceğiz.</div>
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Gerçekten, ilk konuşmaların nasıl gerçekleştiği, anlaşmanın nasıl bir dille sağlandığı, dilin nasıl doğduğu, tek bir kaynaktan mı, yoksa başka kaynaklardan mı çıktığı sorunları üzerinde günümüze değin yerli yersiz pek çok tartışma yapılmış, birçok varsayımlar ileri sürülmüştür.</div>
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Dünyada konuşulan ilk dilin hangisi olduğunu kestirmek için deneyler de yapılmıştır. Ünlü tarihçi HERODOT’un <a href="http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodot" style="color: #549cc3;" target="_blank"><img alt="heredot, viki" class="size-full wp-image-145 alignnone" height="10" src="http://resim.cokbilgi.com/yazi/baglanti.png" style="border: 0pt none;" width="10" /></a> kaydettiğine göre, İ.Ö. VII. yüzyılda Mısır hükümdarı Psammetik, yeni doğmuş iki çocuğu, yanlarında hiçbir söz söyletmeden büyüttürmüş, 2 yıl sonra çocukların ilk sözcüğü duyulmuştur: bekos. Araştırılınca, bu sözcüğün Frigya dilinde ‘ekmek’ anlamına geldiği bulunmuştur”‘. Buna benzer deneyler başkalarınca da yapılmıştır”1′. Kutsal kitaplarda da, nesnelerin adlandırılışıyla ilgili, çeşitli pasajlar vardır.</div>
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Psammetik’in yaptığı deney gibi deneylerin gerçeği meydana çıkarmakta yararlı olamayacağı ortadadır. Zaten bugünkü bilgilerimize göre, hiçbir söz duymamış bir çocuğun konuşmasına olanak yoktur. Bu gibi efsaneler bize ancak konunun çok eskiden beri insanların ilgisini çektiğini göstermektedir. Yakın yüzyıllara kadar birçok bilgin de en eski dilin ibranca olduğunu kabul etmiştir ki, bunu da benimseyenleyiz.</div>
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Dilin doğuşunu aydınlatmaya çalışan çeşitli varsayım ve görüşlere buıada kısaca değinmek istiyoruz:</div>
Yansımaları Temel Alan Görüş<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
Hangi dili ele alırsak alalım, doğadaki sesleri yansıtmaya, taklit etmeye yönelen öğelere rastlarız. Bu öğeler insan ve ses bağır mal arıyla kükreme, havlama gibi hayvan seslerini yansıttıkları gibi, ses çıkaran her türlü varlığın seslerini vermeye de yönelirler. Türkçemizdeki miyavlamak, havlamak, böğürmek, kükremek, gıdıklamak, melemek… gibi hayvan seslerini gösteren eylemlere eğilirsek bunların temelde belli seslerin taklidine dayandığı, sonradan dilin belli kalıplarına dökülerek eylemleştiğini görürüz. Üflemek, holdamak, horlamak, inlemek gibi, insan seslerini gösteren eylemlerde de durum aynıdır. Sözvarlığı içindeki öteki öğelerden birçoğu da yine bir belli sesin betimlenmesinden ortaya çıkmıştır: takır tukur, takırtı, çatırtı, şırıldamak, şarıldamak, gümbürdemek, gümbürtü, çatır çutur (farklarına dikkat ediniz) öğeleri bunlann yalmzca birkaç örneğidir.</div>
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Latince tintinnare ya da tintinnere eylemi Türkçede tınlamak ya da ses vermek biçiminde karşılanabilir. Arapçada “<strong>tani:n</strong>” (tınlama), “<strong>tanna:n</strong>” (tınlayan) demektir. Türkçede kedi için kullanılan miyavlamak eyleminin başka dillerdeki, karşılıkları (örneğin Alm. miauen, Fr. miauler) göz önünde bulundurulursa konunun bütün dillerde görülen ortak bir eğilimin, özelliğin belirtisi olduğu ortaya çıkar. Buna yansıma (onomatopee onomatopoeia, Onomatopöie) adım veriyoruz. XIX. yüzyıhn sonlarıyla XX. yüzyılın başlarında ortaya çıkan yansıma varsayımı, işte bu olayın insan dilinin doğuşunu aydınlattığını benimsemekte, dil öğelerinin yansımalardan oluştuğunu kabul etmektedir. Alman dilcisi W. OEHL’ün aralarında bulunduğu kimi bilginler, dilin doğuşunu bu tür sözcükleıe dayatırken bunların her dilde sözvarlığının ancak küçük bir bölümünü oluşturduğunu göz önünde bulundurmamışlardır. örneğin <a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/panolarim/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" style="color: #549cc3;" title="türkçe">Türkçe</a>de bu türden öğelerin sayısı, olsa olsa birkaç yüz kadardır. Dildeki öteki öğelerin varlığı bu durumda nasıl açıklanabilir? Öte yandan <a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/panolarim/K%C3%B6ken+Bilim" style="color: #549cc3;" title="dilin işlevleri">dilin</a> sözcüklerinin genellikle birer soyutlama ürünü olduklarını, nesneyle <a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/panolarim/K%C3%B6ken+Bilim" style="color: #549cc3;" title="sözcük">sözcük</a> arasında ses açısından bir uygunluk bulunmadığını da gözden uzak tutmamalıdır.</div>
Ünlemleri Temel Alan Görüş<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
Kimi bilginler de dilin doğuşunu ünlemlere dayatmış, insanların çeşitli olaylar karşısında ruh ve bedenle ilgili duygularının etkisiyle<br />çıkardıkları ünlemlerin sonradan sözcüklere dönüştüğünü, çeşitli kavranılan karşıladığını ileri sürmüşlerdir. Tıpkı yansıma sözcükler gibi, ünlemlerin de her dilin <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/tag/Sozvarligi/" style="color: #549cc3;" title="söz varlığı">sözvarlığı</a>nda yerleşmeleri olağandır, örneğin dilimizdeki oflamak, inlemek gibi eylemleri bu türden sayabiliriz. Ancak bu öğelerin sayısının çok az obuası, dilin doğuşunu bunlara bağlanmanın da yerinde olmadığına tanıktır.</div>
İş Kuramı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
Yine XIX. yüzyılın sonlarında kimi bilginler, dilin doğuşunda ortak çalışma, birlikte iş yapmanın etkili olduğu görüşünü benimsemişlerdir. Bunlardan örneğin L. NOIRE, insanda düşünce ve konuşma yeteneğini uyandıran genel etkenin ortak çalışma olduğunu ileri sürüyor, yapılan ilk işlerin katmak olduğunu, ilk insan seslerinin bununla ilgili bulunduğunu varsayıyordu.</div>
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Bizce, insanların toplu halde iş görürken, yapılan işi kolaylaştırmak üzere birtakım ritmik sesler çıkardıkları bir gerçektir (örn. ağır bir kütüğü ya da boruyu bir yere çekerken, ağır bir aracı iterken çıkarılan hây-kop gibi sesler), ilkel kavimlerde iş yapılırken ritmik seslerin çıkarıldığı, basit şarkıların söylendiği de görülen bir olaydır. Ancak iş yapılırken çıkan sesler gibi, bu seslerin de dilin kaynağım oluşturduğunu kabul etmek kolay değildir. Herhangi bir iş yaparken çıkan sesin neye ait olduğu da (örneğin taş kırılırken çıkan ses taşa mı, çekice mi ait olacak, hangisinin adı sayılacaktır?) düşünülmesi gereken bir noktadır.</div>
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Dilin kökeni konusunda daha birçok varsayımlar, görüşler vardır. Bunlar arasında, dille müziğin aynı kaynaktan çıktığını ileri sürenlere, sözcüklerin sesleriyle anlamları arasında ilişki bulunduğu görüşünü benimseyenlere de rastlanır.</div>
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<br />Völkerpsychologie adlı büyük yapıtının ilk cildini (Stuttgart, 1921) dil konusuna ayıran tanınmış Alman bilgini Wilhelnı WUNDT’un <a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/panolarim/K%C3%B6ken+Bilim" style="color: #549cc3;" target="_blank"><img alt="wundt" class="size-full wp-image-145 alignnone" height="10" src="http://resim.cokbilgi.com/yazi/baglanti.png" style="border: 0pt none;" width="10" /></a>kuramı ve kimi bilginlerin sonradan ona eklenen katkıları, dilin doğuşu sorununun kimi noktalarının aydınlatılmasını sağlayan yargılara varılmasına yol açmıştır. Wundt, ruhbilimin verilerinden yararlanmakta, jest dilini derinlemesine incelemekte, dil seslerini, hayvanlar arasındaki canlı sesler, çocuktaki dil sesleri, dildeki doğa sesleri ve yansımalar açısından ele aldıktan sonra söyleyiş denen şeyi, ağzın içini de kapsayan geniş anlamda bir mimik hareketi olarak kabul etmektedir. Dil seslerinin ilk aşaması, bilgine göre, ses aygıtının meydana getirdiği fiziksel ve ruhsal anlamlılık taşıyan hayvansal ses belirtilerinden oluşmuştur. Bu belirtiler önce içgüdüsel iken daha sonra, zaman zaman bilinçli olarak kullanılan anlatım aracı olmuşlardır. Bağırma durumundaki ilk sesler, sonradan perdeli sese dönüşmüştür. Wundt, çocuğun dili öğrenmeye başlarken ilk aşamada çıkardığı, hayvan seslerine benzeyen bağırmalara dikkati çekmektedir.</div>
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Wundt’un görüşüne yaklaşan ya da katılan bilginler çoktur. J. VENDRYES’e göre de insan, başlangıçta doğal refleksler biçiminde bazı sesler çıkarmış, bunları, belirtme değerlerini farkederek sonradan bilinçli olarak kullanmıştır.</div>
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Philosopkie der symbolisclıen Formen adlı (Berlin, 1923) ünlü kitabın yazan Enis t CASSIRER de dilin bugünkü duruma gelinceye kadar üç anlatım basamağından geçtiğini kabul etmektedir; Mimik, analojik anlatım, sembolik anlatım (I. cilt, s. 137). tik aşamada çıkarılan sesler, duygulan yansıtır. İkinci evrede, öncekilere benzetilerek yeni işaretler meydana getirilir; üçüncüsünde, sembolik anlatımda kavramlar, sembollerle anlatılmaktadır (bugünkü dillerde olduğu gibi).</div>
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Bu kuram ve görüşlerden her birinin hiç değilse birer parça gerçek payı taşıdığı kuşkusuzdur: Her ne kadar, dilde ses taklidi öğelerin sayısı fazla değilse de söz varlığının bir bölümünün bu yolla meydana geldiği, herkesçe benimsenen bir gerçektir. Buna -küçük sayıda olmakla birlikte- ünlemlere dayanan öğeleri de katabiliriz. Ancak, söz varlığının geri kalan bölümleri, nesneyle, gösterdikleri şeyle aralarında ses yönünden hiç bir bağlantı bulunmayan, bir uzlaşma, uyuşma ürünü olan öğelerden kurulur. Dilin doğuşu bir bakıma, sözcüklerin doğuşu demek olduğundan, bu konu üzerinde Anlambilim bölümünün Sözcük bahsinde (III. cilt) ayrıca duracağız.</div>
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Dilin doğuşu konusuna son yıllarda yeniden ilgi duyulmakta oluşunda, insanbilim ve ruhbilim alanında yeni ilerlemeler kaydedilmiş olmasının etkisi vardır. Çocuk dili üzerindeki araştırmalar da sorunun aydınlatılmasında yardımcı olacak niteliktedir. Bugün çocuğun anadilini öğrenişi ruhbilimci ve dilcilerce ayrıntılı deneylere dayanılarak aydınlatılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Roman JAKOBSON‘un çocuk dilini, sözyitimi ve ses yasalarım inceleyen yapıtından sonra bu konuyla ilgili yayımlar artmış, özellikle çocuğun anadilini kazanışı üzerinde pek çok çalışma yayımlanmıştır. Yeni doğmuş çocukların ilk aylardan başlayarak çıkardıkları seslerin saptanarak incelenmesine, kurdukları ilk tümcelerin niteliklerinin belirlenmesine ve söz varlığının çocuklarca öğrenilmesine değgin çalışmalar dikkati çekmektedir.</div>
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Gerçekten, dilin doğusuyla çocuğun ilk sesleri, ilk sözleri ve bu sözlerin anlattığı kavramlar arasında bir koşutluk olmalıdır. Daha Wundt’un çalışmasında belirtildiği gibi, konuşmaya başlamadan önce çocukta birtakım bağırmalara rastlanır’. Bilginin “hayvan seslerine benzer bağırmalar” olarak nitelendirdiği bu sesler her halde konuşan ilk insanların yıldırım, vahşi hayvan saldırısı ve duyulan acılar karşısında çıkardıkları sesler gibi içgüdüseldir; zamanla başka insanlar önünde yinelendikçe belli kavramların temsilcisi durumuna gelebilirler. Böylece, zamanla sözcüklere dönüşen sesler ve ses birleşimleri bir toplumun anlaşma aracı, bir toplumun dili durumuna gelmiş olmalıdırlar.</div>
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Tarih öncesinin insanları, insan toplulukları arasındaki ilişkilerin ve ulaşım olanakların sınırlılığı da kanımızca bir dilin yerleşmesi ve yayılmasına olanak verecek durumda değildir. Bu yüzden, dillerin bir kaynaktan çıkmış obuası akla yakın bir görüş olmayacaktır. Ama bütün bu sorunların aydınlanması, doğaldır ki, insanlık tarihinin en eski evrelerinin aydınlatılabilmesine bağlıdır.</div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-42803719395651984242017-06-17T00:44:00.003-07:002017-06-17T00:44:26.231-07:00Halk edebiyatı Şairleri<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="post-footer" style="background-color: #fafafa; border: 1px solid rgb(242, 242, 242); color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 2px; text-align: center; width: 640px;"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center"><strong>HALK ŞAİRLERİNİN GRUPLANDIRILMASI<br /></strong></td></tr>
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<strong>1. Göçebe ( Gezgin ) Şairler</strong>: Bir yere bağlı kalmadan gezerler. Genellikle eğitim görmedikleri için, Divan Edebiyatı'ndan etkilenmezler. Dilleri sadedir. Hece ölçüsüne bağlıdırlar. Geleneksel şiir anlayışını sürdürürler.</div>
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<strong>2. Yeniçeri Şairler</strong>: Osmanlılar zamanında askerlik, hayat boyu süren bir meslekti. Orduda görev arasında şairler yetişmiştir. Bunlar, katıldıkları savaşlarla ilgili yiğitlik şiirleriyle dikkati çekerler. Dil, anlatım, ölçü bakımından, göçebe şairler gibi geleneksel şiir anlayışına bağlıdırlar.</div>
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<strong>3. Köylü Şairler</strong>: Hayatları köylerde, kasabalarda geçer. Büyük kentlerle ilgileri olmadığı için, kent kültüründen, Divan Edebiyatı'ndan etkilenmeden, halk şiiri geleneklerine bağlı kalmışlardır.</div>
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<strong>4. Kentli Şairler</strong>: Genellikle Divan Edebiyatı'nın etkisinde kalırlar. Hem Halk hem de Divan Edebiyatı tarzında şiirler söylerler. Dillerinde Arapça ve Farsça sözcüklerin oranı yüksektir. Hece ölçüsüyle birlikte aruz ölçüsüne de yer verirler.</div>
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<strong>5. Tasavvuf (Tekke) Şairleri</strong>: Tekkelerde yetiştikleri, din ve tasavvuf konusunda eğitim gördükleri için, dilleri, göçebe, yeniçeri ve köylü şairlere göre bazen daha ağırdır. Zaman zaman Divan Edebiyatı'nın dil, anlatım, biçim, ölçü özelliklerini taşıyan şiirler söylerler. Örneğin Yunus Emre bile, aruz ölçüsü ve mesnevi düzeniyle Risaletü'n-Nushiyye adlı bir eser vermiştir.</div>
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<strong>BAŞLICA HALK OZANLARI</strong></h2>
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YUNUS EMRE (1250 - 1320)</div>
<ul style="color: black; font-family: roboto; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 5px 20px; padding: 0px 20px;">
<li>XIII. yüzyıl halk şairidir. Hayatı hakkında kesin ve yeterli bilgi yoktur. Eskişehir'de doğup öldüğü söylenir. Hayatı efsanelerle örülmüştür.</li>
<li>Varlık - yokluk, İnsan - Tanrı - ölüm ilişkilerini güçlü bir kültür donanımı ve büyük şiir yeteneğiyle irdeleyerek halka ulaştırabilmiştir.</li>
<li>Tüm halk şairlerini yüzyıllar boyunca etkilemiştir. İlahi türünün en usta şairidir.</li>
<li>İlahi türü şiirlerinde Halk Edebiyatı'nın geleneklerine bağlı kalmıştır. Dili çok sadedir, anlatımda yalınlık dikkati çeker. İlahilerini hece ölçüsüyle söylemiştir. <strong>Risaletü'n Nushiyye</strong> adlı dinî - didaktik eserinde ise, bu gelenekten ayrılarak aruz ölçüsünü, mesnevi nazım biçimini kullanmıştır.</li>
<li>Allah inancını ve evrensel insan sevgisini işleyen sanatçının şiirlerinde coşkun bir lirizm vardır. Tekke edebiyatının en lirik şairidir.</li>
<li>Sanatçının şiirlerini içeren bir Divan'ı ile Risaletü'n Nushiyye(Nasihatlar Kitabı) adlı öğretici bir mesnevisi vardır.</li>
</ul>
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</div>
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<strong>HACI BAYRAM VELİ (1352 - 1429)</strong></div>
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<li>Ankara'nın Solfasol köyünde doğan sanatçı, güçlü bir tasavvuf şairidir ve iyi bir medrese eğitimi almıştır.</li>
<li>Bayramiyye tarikatını kurmuştur.</li>
<li>Yunus Emre etkisinde sade bir dil ve lirik bir anlatımla dile getirdiği şiirlerinden yalnızca birkaç tanesi bilinmektedir. "Bilmek istersen seni / Can içre ara canı" dizeleri, bize onu hatırlatır.</li>
</ul>
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<strong>KAYGUSUZ ABDAL (? - ?)</strong></div>
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<li>Asıl adı Alaeddin Gaybi'dir. 15. yy. tasavvuf şairlerindendir. Yunus Emre'den etkilenmiştir.</li>
<li>Alevi - Bektaşi halk şiirinin kurucusudur. Nefeslerine hiciv-mizah motifli tekerlemeler katarak insanlık kusurlarıyla alay etmiş, Bektaşiliğin ilkelerini nükteli bir dille yaymıştır.</li>
<li>Hem heceyle hem de arzula yazılmış şiirleri vardır. Onun bir divanı, "<strong>Dolapname</strong>" adlı tasavvufi bir öğüt kitabı (mesnevi) ve 15.yy. halk nesrinin sade örneklerini gördüğümüz "<strong>Budalaname</strong>" adlı eseri vardır.</li>
</ul>
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<strong>EŞREFOĞLU RUMİ (? - 1409)</strong></div>
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<li>Eşrefoğlu Rumi, iznik medreselerinde öğrenim görmüş, öğrenimini bitirdikten sonrada yine İznik'te Çelebi Mehmet medresesinde müderris adayı olmuştur.</li>
<li>15. yy. tasavvuf şairlerinden olan sanatçı, Hacı Bayram Veli'ye damat ve derviş olmuştur. Yunus Emre'nin izinden yürümüş hem aruz hem de heceyle şiirler yazmıştır. Bir divanda topladığı şiirlerinde tasavvuf ilkelerini yaymaya çalışmıştır.</li>
</ul>
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PİR SULTAN ABDAL (? - ?)</div>
<ul style="color: black; font-family: roboto; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 5px 20px; padding: 0px 20px;">
<li>XVI. yüzyıl tekke ve âşık edebiyatının ünlü şairlerindendir. Sivas'ta yaşamıştır. Alevi-Bektaşi şiir geleneğinin en ünlü şairidir.</li>
<li>Kanuni zamanında Doğu Anadolu'da patlak veren bir isyana katılmış, yaşadığı olayların izlenimlerini şiirlerinde anlatmış, İran şahının propagandasını yaptığı için Hızır Paşa tarafından Sivas'ta idam ettirilmiştir.</li>
<li>Sanatının belirleyici özellikleri, güçlü bir inanç, sade bir halk dili, coşkun bir lirizm olarak özetlenebilir.</li>
<li>Şiirlerinde tasavvuf, tabiat, aşk temalarını İşlemiş, halkın yaşayışıyla ilgili konular üzerinde durmuştur.</li>
<li>Bütün şiirlerini hece ölçüsüyle söylemiş <a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/04/divan-edebiyat.html" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration-line: none;">Divan edebiyatı</a>ndan etkilenmemiştir. Şiirini bir araç olarak kullanmasına rağmen kuru bir öğreticiliğe düşmemiş, şiirini duygu yönünden de beslemiştir.</li>
</ul>
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KÖROĞLU (?- ?)</div>
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<li>XVI. yüzyılda yaşadığı sanılan bir halk şairidir. III. Murat zamanındaki Osmanlı-İran savaşlarına katılan şair, Şirvan ve Tebriz'in alınışı üzerine destan söylemiştir.</li>
<li>Şiirlerinde yiğitlik, kahramanlık temalarını işlemiş olduğundan, halk hikâyesindeki Köroğlu ile karıştırılabilmektedir.</li>
<li>En çok koçaklamalarıyla tanınan şair, kavganın ve yiğitliğin simgesi olmuştur.</li>
<li>Bolu Beyi'yle olan mücadelesi efsaneleşen şair, halkın gönlünde yerini almıştır.</li>
</ul>
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KARACAOĞLAN (1606? -1697)</div>
<ul style="color: black; font-family: roboto; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 5px 20px; padding: 0px 20px;">
<li>Doğum ve ölüm tarihleri kesin olarak bilinmeyen Karacaoğlan'ın Toroslar'da yaşayan, Türkmen boyları arasında yetiştiği sanılıyor. Göçebe bir şair olarak Anadolu İçinde ve dışında gezmiştir.</li>
<li>Geleneksel şiirin dil, anlatım, ölçü anlayışından ayrılmadan aşk, doğa, ölüm, ayrılık gibi temaları işlemiştir; özellikle koşma ve semai biçimlerinde büyük başarı kazanmıştır.</li>
<li>Âşık edebiyatının hemen bütün şairlerini etkilemiştir.</li>
<li>Onun için aşk ve tabiat şairi dense yeridir. Âşık edebiyatının duygu yönünden en zengin ve güçlü şairidir.</li>
<li>Dili çok sadedir. Şiirlerinde tasavvufa ve dini konulara hiç yer vermemiş, Divan ve Tekke şiirinden hiç etkilenmemiştir.</li>
<li>Şiirlerini hece ölçüsü ile yazmıştır. Koşma, semai, ara sıra da destan söylemiştir.</li>
</ul>
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KAYIKÇI KUL MUSTAFA (? - 1658)</div>
<ul style="color: black; font-family: roboto; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 5px 20px; padding: 0px 20px;">
<li>17. yy. halk şairidir. Devrin önemli şairlerinden biridir ancak hayatı hakkında fazla bir bilgi yoktur. Yeniçeri şairidir. Şiirleri yeniçeriler arasında, sınır boylarında sevilerek okunmuştur.</li>
<li>Şiirlerinde tarihsel olayları işlemiştir. Genç Osman için söylediği <strong>Genç Osman Destanı</strong> ünlüdür.</li>
<li>Şiirlerinde sade bir dil kullanmıştır. Akıcı bir üslubu vardır.</li>
</ul>
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ÂŞIK ÖMER (? - 1707)</div>
<ul style="color: black; font-family: roboto; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 5px 20px; padding: 0px 20px;">
<li>Konya doğumludur. Saz şairleri arasında en çok şiirleri olan odur.</li>
<li>Divan şairlerinden de etkilenmiş, aruzla da şiirler yazmıştır. Tevhid, naat, <a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/divan-edebiyat-nazm-bicimleri.html" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration-line: none;">gazel</a>, <a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/divan-edebiyat-nazm-bicimleri.html" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration-line: none;" title="kaside">kaside</a> ve murabbaları vardır.</li>
<li>Koşma, semai, varsağı türlerinde daha başarılı olmuştur. Dili diğer halk şairlerinden biraz ağırdır.</li>
</ul>
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GEVHERİ (? -1737?)</div>
<ul style="color: black; font-family: roboto; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 5px 20px; padding: 0px 20px;">
<li>Âşık Ömer gibi Divan edebiyatından etkilenmiş, hecenin yanında aruzla da şiirler yazmıştır. Heceyle yazdığı şiirlerde daha başanlıdır.</li>
<li>Medrese eğitimi gördüğü için koşma ve türkülerinde bile yer yer yabancı sözcükler, <a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/06/divan-edebiyat-nazm-bicimleri.html" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration-line: none;">divan mazmunları</a> görülür.</li>
</ul>
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DERTLİ (1772 -1845)</div>
<ul style="color: black; font-family: roboto; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 5px 20px; padding: 0px 20px;">
<li>Toplumsal yergi içerikli şiirleriyle tanınan Bolulu bir halk ozanıdır. Halk şiirinin son ustalarından sayılır. Divan, Tekke ve Halk şiirini iyi bilen şair, Divan şiiri yolunda eserler de vermiş fakat asıl başarıyı heceyle yazdığı şiirlerinde göstermiştir.</li>
</ul>
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ERZURUMLU EMRAH (? - 1860)</div>
<ul style="color: black; font-family: roboto; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 5px 20px; padding: 0px 20px;">
<li>Yaşadığı dönemin ünlü şairlerindendir. Saz şairleri arasında Divan şiirini en iyi bilenlerden biridir.</li>
<li>Heceyle yazdığı koşma ve semaileri yanında aruzla yazılmış gazel, murabba ve muhammesleri de vardır. Asıl sanatı hece ölçüsü ile yazdığı koşma ve semailerinde görülür.</li>
</ul>
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SEYRANİ (1807 -1866)</div>
<ul style="color: black; font-family: roboto; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 5px 20px; padding: 0px 20px;">
<li>Kayseri'nin Develi kasabasında doğmuştur, istanbul'a gelmiş ancak devrin büyüklerini hicvettiği için, memleketine dönmek zorunda kalmıştır.</li>
<li>Hicivleriyle tanınır. Aruzla da yazmakla birlikte asıl ününü hece ölçüsüyle yazdığı şiirlerle kazanmıştır.</li>
</ul>
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DADALOĞLU (1785? -1868?)</div>
<ul style="color: black; font-family: roboto; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 5px 20px; padding: 0px 20px;">
<li>XIX. yüzyılda, Çukurova yöresinde yetişen halk şairlerindendir. Türkmen boylarının yerleşik hayata geçirilmesi için 1865'te yöreye yollanan Fırka-i İslahiye adlı Osmanlı ordusuyla Türkmenler arasındaki çatışmalara katılmış, bu olayları yiğitçe bir eda ile koçaklamalarına yansıtmıştır.</li>
<li>Türkmenleri destekleyen, mücadeleye çağıran şiirler yazmıştır. "Ferman padişahınsa dağlar bizimdir" dizesi onun karakterini açıklar. Aynca aşk ve doğadan söz eden şiirleri de başarılıdır.</li>
<li>Şiirlerini temiz bir halk diliyle ve hece ölçüsü ile yazmıştır, içinde bulunduğu tarih ve toplum olaylarını şiirlerine yansıtmıştır.</li>
<li>Şehir yaşamından uzak kaldığı için Divan edebiyatından etkilenmemiştir. Koşma, semai, destan, varsağı türünde şiirler söyleyen Dadaloğlu türkülerinde daha başarılıdır.</li>
<li>Anlatım yönünden Karacaoğlan'ı ve Köroğlu'nu anımsatır.</li>
</ul>
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BAYBURTLU ZİHNİ (1802 - 1859)</div>
<ul style="color: black; font-family: roboto; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 5px 20px; padding: 0px 20px;">
<li>Medrese öğrenimi görmüş, divan katipliği yapmış, birçok memurluklarda bulunmuştur.</li>
<li><a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogspot.com.tr/2017/04/divan-edebiyat.html" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Divan Şairleri, Eserleri">Divan edebiyatı</a>ndan etkilenerek kaside, gazel ve tahmisler yazmıştır. Şiirlerini topladığı bir Divan'ı ve Sergüzeşt-name adlı bir mesnevisi vardır.</li>
<li>Asıl ününü heceyle yazdığı, Divan'ına bile almadığı, yergi ve taşlama türündeki şiirleriyle kazanmıştır.</li>
</ul>
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ÂŞIK VEYSEL (1894 -1973)</div>
<ul style="color: black; font-family: roboto; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 5px 20px; padding: 0px 20px;">
<li>20. yüzyıl halk şairidir. Şarkışla'da doğup büyümüş, Cumhuriyetin onuncu yılında Ankara'ya gelerek şiirlerini okumuş, bundan sonra ünü yayılmaya başlamıştır. </li>
<li>Çocukluğunda geçirdiği çiçek hastalığıyla gözünü kaybeden şair; genellikle gezgin bir hayat sürmüş; kent kent dolaşarak aşktan, doğadan, kardeşlikten, birlikten, barış içinde yasamaktan ve insanı insan yapan erdemlerden bahseden şiirlerini saz eşliğinde söylemiştir. O, bütün toplumu kucaklayan bir felsefenin şairidir ve bu nedenle halk tarafından çok sevilmiştir.</li>
<li>Şiirlerinde insan, yurt, tabiat sevgisini dile getirmiştir. Tasavvuf felsefesinin kazandırdığı hoşgörü anlayışı, şiirinin temellerinden biridir.</li>
<li>Şiirlerinde sade bir Türkçe görülür. Kimilerince "Halk şiirinin son büyük ustası" olarak nitelenmiştir.</li>
<li>Şiirlerini "Deyişler", "Sazımdan Sesler" adlı iki kitapta toplamıştır. Son olarak tüm şiirleri, Ümit Yaşar Oğuzcan tarafından "Dostlar Beni Hatırlasın" adıyla yayımlanmıştır.</li>
<li>Âşık Veysel, Ahmet Kutsi Tecer tarafından keşfedilmiş, edebiyatımıza kazandırılmıştır.</li>
</ul>
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ÂŞIK MAHZUNİ ŞERİF (1940 - 2002)</div>
<ul style="color: black; font-family: roboto; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 5px 20px; padding: 0px 20px;">
<li>Cumhuriyet Döneminin önemli saz şairlerindendir.</li>
<li>1940'ta Maraş-Afşin'ln Berçenek köyünde doğdu. Çocukluktan İtibaren halk şiirine ilgi duydu.</li>
<li>Alevi - Bektaşi şiir geleneğini sürdürmeye çalışan Mahzuni, yalın bir Türkçeyle yaşadığı dönemin sorunlarını işledi. Birçok siyasî kovuşturma geçirdi.</li>
<li>Deyişleri birçok yabancı ülkede de okundu; şiirleri plağa ve kasete alındı.</li>
</ul>
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ÂŞIK ŞEREF TAŞLIOVA (1938 -2014)</div>
<ul style="color: black; font-family: roboto; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 5px 20px; padding: 0px 20px;">
<li>1938'de Kars'a bağlı Çıldır ilçesinin Gülyüzü köyünde dünyaya geldi.</li>
<li>Yurt İçinde ve yurt dışında düzenlenen birçok festival, program ve organizasyona katıldı. UNESCO'nun 1988'de hazırladığı Dünya Sanat Dizisi'nde, Türkiye'deki âşıklık geleneğini temsil etme görevi Şeref Taşlıova'ya verildi.</li>
<li>Şiirleri ve çeşitli konularda kaleme aldığı yazıları, edebiyat tarihimizde önemli yere sahip dergilerle, çeşitli ansiklopedi ve antolojilerde neşredildi.</li>
<li>Kültür Bakanlığı tarafından "Gönül Bahçesi" isimli bir şiir kitabı 1990 yılında yayımlandı.</li>
</ul>
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ÂŞIK MURAT ÇOBANOĞLU (1940 - 2005)</div>
<ul style="color: black; font-family: roboto; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 5px 20px; padding: 0px 20px;">
<li>Sanatçı, 1940'ta Kars'ın Arpaçay ilçesinin Koçköyü beldesinde dünyaya geldi.</li>
<li>1966 yılından başlayarak sürekli olarak Konya Âşıklar Bayramına katıldı. Artvin, Konya, Erzurum ve Mut'ta yapılan yarışmalarda dereceler aldı. özellikle atışma dalında başarı gösterdi.</li>
<li>Saza egemenliği, ulusal duygularının güçlülüğü ve kendine özgü sesiyle ilgi çekti.</li>
<li>Âşıklık geleneğinin bir parçası olan türkülü hikâyeler anlatma konusunda da başarılı örnekler veren Çobanoğlu, kendi türkülerinin yanı sıra usta malı türküleri de genç kuşaklara aktardı.</li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-86381225898744623072017-06-17T00:33:00.002-07:002017-06-17T00:34:40.761-07:00Türk Kültüründe Nevruz Geleneği<div align="center" class="style12" style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
TÜRK KÜLTÜRÜNDE NEVRUZ GELENEĞİ</div>
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<span class="style6" style="font-size: 14px;">Nevruz Bayramı, Türk Milleti’nin yüzyıllar ötesinden devam edip gelen geleneksel bayramlarından biridir.<br /><br />Nevruz Bayramı, Türk Milli Kültürü’nde baharın müjdecisi, gece ile gündüzün eşit olduğu ve tabiatın en adaletli günü olarak kabul edilir. Türkler’in yaşadığı en uzak bölgelerde dahi 21 Mart, Nevruz Bayramı olarak çeşitli yöresel etkinliklerle kutlanır.<br /><br />Tabiat ile iç içe, kucak kucağa yaşayan, toprağı “ana” olarak vasıflandıran Türk Düşünce Sisteminde “Baharın gelişi” elbetteki önemli bir yere sahip olacaktı.<br /><br />Kaşgarlı Mahmut, “Bayram” kelimesinin anlamını Divan-ı Lügat-it Türk’te “Bedhrem, halk arasında gülme ve sevinme, bir yerin ışıklarla ve çiçeklerle bezenmesi ve orada sevinç içinde eğlenilmesi” olarak tarif eder.<img align="right" src="http://www.akintarih.com/yazilar/nevruz/ergenekon.jpg" height="256" hspace="10" style="border: 0px;" vspace="10" width="220" /><br /><br />Bayramlar, insanlar arasında karşılıklı sevgi ve saygının perçinlendiği günlerdir.<br /><br />Bayramlar, insanların birbirleriyle olan dargınlıklarını unuttukları, barıştıkları, kardeşçe kucaklaştıkları gündür.<br /><br />Bayramlar, toplumlarda milli birlik ve beraberliğin, bir arada yaşama arzusunun kuvvetlendiği günlerdir.<br /><br />Bayramlar, milli ve dini duyguların, inançların, örf ve adetlerin uygulandığı, sergilendiği, bir toplumda millet olma şuurunun şekillendiği, kuvvetlendiği günlerdir.<br /><br />Eski Türkler’le İranlılar’ın “yıl-başı” kabul ettikleri gün, Farsça bir kelime olan “Nevruz” terimiyle ifade olunmaktadır. Ancak kelime anlamı bakımından “yeni gün” demektir. Araplar’a İranlılar’dan geçen bu adet, başta Oniki Hayvanlı Türk Takvimi’nde görüldüğü üzere Türkler’de çok eskiden beri bilinmekte ve bugün törenlerle kutlanmaktadır.<br /><br />Türkler’de çok eskiden beri baharın gelişi, tabiatın canlanışı, destanlarda masallarda, türkülerde şiirlerde, aşıkların kopuzlarında terennüm edilir ve bahardan coşkunlukla söz edilirdi. Baharın gelişi; suların çoğalması, dünyanın nefesinin ısınması yani havaların ısınması, türlü çiçeklerin açılması, yeryüzüne yemyeşil bir ipek kumaşın serilmesi, hayvanların çoğalması olarak yorumlanmaktadır.<br /><br />Türk topluluklarında Nevruz geleneği yaygındır. Türkler, Nevruz’u “Nevruz-ı Sultani”, Sultan Nevruz” veya Orta Asya Türk topluluklarında görüldüğü üzere “Sultan Navrız” olarak kutlamaktadırlar. Türkler’de Nevruz’la ilgili görülen rivayetlerin en önemlisi bu günün bir kurtuluş günü olarak kabul edilmesidir. Bu bakımdan bu gün Ergenekon veya Bozkurt Bayramı olarak kabul edilmektedir.<br /><br />Ergenekon Destanı’na göre düşmanları Türkleri bir hile ile yenerler ve çoğunluğu öldürülür yada tutsak düşer. Kurtulanlar kimsenin bilmediği dağlık ,verimli bir yer olan Ergenekon’a gelirler. Zamanla nüfusları çoğalınca buradan çıkmak istediklerinde etrafın demir dağlarla çevrili olduğu görülür. Bunun için büyük ateşler yakıp dağları eritirler ve tekrar eski yurtlarına dönerler. İşte Türk Kültürüne göre Nevruz , takvim başlangıcı olan Ergenekon’dan çıkış günüdür. Bu adet Türkler’deki demirciliğin milli sanat olması ve demir kültü ile açıklanabilir. İşte Türk Kültürüne göre Nevruz, takvim başlangıcı olan Ergenekon’dan çıkış günüdür.<br /><br />O günden beri yeni yılın başladığı gece Kök-Türkler’de adettir, o günü bayram sayarlar. Bir parça demiri ateşe salıp kızdırırlar. Önce Kağan bunu kıskaçla tutup örse koyar, çekiçle döver. Ondan sonra beyler de öyle yaparlar. Bunu mukaddes bilirler, böylece Tanrı’ya şükretmiş olurlar.<br /><br />Nevruz, Türkler’in tabiatın dirilişini alkışladığı, yıl esaslı zaman değişiminin başlangıcı saydığı, değişmeler için Tanrıya şükrünü ifade ettiği özel bir törendir. Bu kutlama sarı, kırmızı, yeşilin yan yana gelmesiyle oluşan sembolleşme ile tamamlanır gibidir.<br /><br />Sarı, kırmızı ve yeşili bir inanış ve varlık dünyasını yorumlayış sonucunda yeşili; dirilik, tazelik gençlik, sarıyı; merkez, hükümranlık, kırmızıyı; Tanrı, koruyucu ruh, ocak (ev), dirlik, bağımsızlık, hürriyet anlamlarının sembolü halinde yorumlayan sadece Türk kökenli halkalardır.<img align="left" src="http://www.akintarih.com/yazilar/nevruz/er.jpg" height="294" hspace="10" style="border: 0px;" vspace="10" width="220" /><br /><br />Türk boyları, söz konusu bayramda çeşitli eğlenceler düzenlemekte ve bir çok pratiği de yerine getirmektedirler. Mesela; Nevruz’da pişirilen özel yemekler, oynanan oyunlar, güreş müsabakaları, yarışmalar, musiki makamları, şiir söyleme gelenekleri gibi faaliyetler yüzyıllardan beri yapılmaktadır. Nevruz, bu özellikleriyle Türk boyları arasında tam manasıyla sanat, edebiyat, spor ve musiki erbabının hünerlerini gösterdikleri bir bayram haline dönüşmüştür.<br /><br />Tarihi bakımdan Hun, Göktür, Uygur, Selçuklu, Osmanlı ve Cumhuriyet döneminde Nevruz, bir örfi bayram olarak kabul edilmiş, çeşitli eğlence ve merasimlerle idrak edilmiştir.<br /><br />Cumhuriyetin ilanından sonra Atatürk’ün önderliğinde 1922, 1923, 1924 ve 1926 yıllarında Ergenekon Bayramı adıyla kutlanmış, daha sonraki yıllarda bu kutlamalar mahalli seviyede olmuştur.<br /><br />Ülkemizin Batısında Mart Dokuzu, Hıdrellez veya Kakava Şenlikleri adıyla kutlanan Nevruz Bayramı, bizleri birbirimize daha çok yaklaştırır. Ortak bir kültüre, birlik ve beraberlik içinde sahip çıkar ve aynı kültürün insanları olarak kaynaşmamıza, birbirimizi sevmemize yardımcı olur.<br /><br />Nevruz geleneği ne Sunilikle, ne Alevilikle, ne Bektaşilikle doğrudan bağlantısı olmayan, İslamiyetten çok öncelere giden bir gelenektir. Yani bir dinin ve mezhebin bayramı değildir. Bu yüzden herhangi bir şekilde bir mezhep adına, bir din adına, bir etnik menşe adına bağlı gösterilmesi, istismar edilmesi, bir ayrılık unsuru olarak takdim edilmeye çalışılması yanlıştır. Tarihin ve kültürün bütün gerçeklerine aykırıdır.<br /><br />Milli Kültürü yozlaştırmak, yok etmek, milli kültür unsurları üzerinde şüphe yaratmak, milli tarih konularında spekülatif yayınlarda bulunmak bugün Türklük düşmanlarının en çok takip ettikleri metod bulunmaktadır. Kaleleri içerden ele geçirmek yani ülkeleri parçala, böl, sonra yok et prensibi emperyalist politikaların hedef seçtikleri ülkelere karşı uyguladıkları genel bir stratejidir. Bu strateji içinde milli kültür düşmanlığı, milli kültürün dejenere edilmesi, milli kültür değerleri üzerinde başka sahipler aranması en geçerli bir silah olarak kabul edilmektedir. Özellikle yurt dışında Türkiye ve Türklük aleyhine faaliyet gösteren Marksist-Leninist ve bölücü unsurlar sun’i bir topluma mal edilmeye çalışılan Ergenekon/ Nevruz Bayramı’nı Türk kültürü bünyesinden koparmak istemekte ve bu konuda gayret göstermektedirler. Bu durumda bizlere düşen görev tarihimizi ve kültürümüzü daha iyi öğrenip sahiplenmektir.<img align="left" src="http://www.akintarih.com/yazilar/nevruz/Korkut.jpg" height="268" hspace="10" style="border: 0px;" vspace="10" width="250" /><br /><br />Atatürk’ün tarih öğrenmenin önemi üzerine söylemiş olduğu şu söz yukarıda izah etmeye çalıştığımız konunun önemini daha iyi açıklamaktadır.<br /><br />“TÜRK ÇOCUĞU ECDADINI TANIDIKÇA DAHA BÜYÜK İŞLER YAPMAK İÇİN KENDİNDE KUVVET BULACAKTIR”<br /><br />1990 yılında bağımsızlıklarını ilan eden Türk Cumhuriyetlerinde Kırgızistan, Kazakistan, Özbekistan, Türkmenistan ve Azerbaycan ile Rusya Federasyonu bünyesindeki Tataristan 21 Mart Ergenekon/ Nevruz Bayramını “Milli Bayram” olarak ilan etmişlerdir. Bu günün coşkuyla kutlanmasına büyük önem vermektedirler.Türk Kültüründen kaynaklanan Ergenekon/Nevruz Bayramı, her yönüyle Türk gelenek ve görenekleriyle zenginleşmiş, an’anevi ve temeli beş bin yıllık Türk tarihine dayalı milli bir bayramdır.Türkiye’de de 1991 yılında Türk Dünyası ile birlikte ortak bir gün olarak resmi tatil olmaksızın bayram ilan edilmiştir.<br /><br />Nevruz, Türk insanını birbirine kenetleyen, bağlayan, Ergenekon’dan demir dağları eriterek dirilen ataların ruhuyla yanan bir ateştir. Bu ateş hiç sönmeden binlerce yıl yandı ve gelecekte de kıvılcımlarından binlerce gönlü tutuşturarak ortak kültür ocağında binlerce ruhu ısıtacaktır. Avrasya’nın, Türk aleminin Nevruz toyu kutlu olsun, Nevruz gülleri geleceğe umutlar taşısın.<br /><br />21 Mart Nevruz Bayramı, genç nesillerimize mutlaka öğretilmeli ve dünya durdukça Türk Milleti’nin geleneksel bayramı olarak yaşatılmalıdır.<br /><br />NİCE NEVRUZLARDA BULUŞMAK DİLEĞİYLE!<br /><br />KAYNAKLAR:<br />1.Meydan Larousse “Nevruz” maddesi<br />2.Atatürk Diyor ki<br />3.Reşat GENÇ:Türk İnanışları İle Milli Geleneklerinde Renkler ve Sarı-Kırmızı-Yeşil<br />4.Abdulhaluk M.ÇAY:Türk Ergenekon Bayramı Nevruz<br />5.Bahaeddin ÖGEL:Türk Kültürünün Gelişme Çağları<br />6.Mehmet Emin BATUR:Nevruz 22 Mart 2004<br />7.İsa ÖZKAN:Uygur Efsanelerinde Nevruz<br />8:Enver MUHAMMET:Uygurlar’da Nevruz Geleneği, Türksoy Dergisi, Mayıs 2003<br />9.Hatice Emel AŞA:Nevruz’un Türk Dünyasındaki İsimleri-Türk Kültüründe Nevruz, Yeni Avrasya Dergisi Mart-Nisan 2000</span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-2492385218527781482017-06-17T00:29:00.002-07:002017-06-17T00:29:36.583-07:00Eski Türk Edebiyatı Divanları<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Eski Türk Edebiyatı Divanları</h2>
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Âgâh Dîvânı</div>
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Âhî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Ahmedî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Arpaeminizâde Sâmî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Âşık Çelebi Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Avnî (Fatih) Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Bâkî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Behiştî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Beyânî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Edincikli Ravzî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Edirneli Nazmî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Emrî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Enderunlu Hasan Yaver Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Fevzî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Filibeli Vecdî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Gelibolulu Sun'î Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Hakîkî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Hamdullah Hamdi Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Kâmî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Kâtibzâde Sâkıb Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Mehmed Sıdkî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Meşhûrî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10627,metinpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir (Metin)</a></div>
Mostarlı Ziyâî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10628,girispdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir (Giriş)</a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
İ<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10629,metinpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">ndir (Metin)</a></div>
Muvakkitzâde Pertev Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10630,muvakkitzade-pertevpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Münîrî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10631,muniripdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Nâmî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10632,girispdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir (Giriş)</a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10633,metinpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir (Metin)</a></div>
Nâşid Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10634,nasidmetinpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Nedîm Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10635,nedim-divanipdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Nehcî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10636,nehci-divanipdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Nev'îzâde Atâyî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10637,nevi-zade-atayipdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Nigârî Dîvânı Azmi Bilgin<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10638,nigar-i-divani-azmi-bilgin-pdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Revanî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10642,giris-revanipdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir (Giriş)</a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10643,revanidivaniziyaavsarpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir (Metin)</a></div>
Sa'îd Giray Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10644,said-giray-divanipdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Sâkıb Dede Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10645,sakibdededivanigirispdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir (Giriş)</a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10646,sakibdededivanimetinpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir (Metin)</a></div>
Sehâbî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10647,girispdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir (Giriş)</a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10648,metinpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir (Metin)</a></div>
Selîkî'nin Şiirleri<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10649,girismetinpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Süheylî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10650,girismetinpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Sünbül-zâde Vehbî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10651,sunbul-zade-vehbipdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Şehrî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10652,girisvemetinpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Şeyh Gâlib Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10653,girispdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir (Giriş)</a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10654,metinpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir (Metin)</a></div>
Şeyhülislâm Yahyâ Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10655,seyhulislamyahyadivanihasankavrukpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Tırsî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10656,tirsipdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Ümmî Sinân Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10657,immigirismetinpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Vusûlî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10660,vusuli-divanipdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Vahyî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10658,girispdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir (Giriş)</a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10659,metinpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir (Metin)</a></div>
Yakînî Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10661,girismetinpdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir</a></div>
Yûnus Emre Dîvânı<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="http://ekitap.kulturturizm.gov.tr/Eklenti/10662,girispdf.pdf?0" style="color: #549cc3;">İndir (Giriş)</a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
İndir (Metin)</div>
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<span style="color: #660099;">eski türk edebiyatı </span><b style="color: #660099; cursor: pointer;">hakkında genel bilgi</b></div>
<div class="_e4b" style="padding-top: 5px;">
<span style="color: #660099;">eski türk edebiyatı </span><b style="color: #660099; cursor: pointer;">ders notları</b></div>
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<span style="color: #660099;">e</span><span style="color: #660099;">ski türk edebiyatı </span><b style="color: #660099; cursor: pointer;">şairleri</b></div>
<div class="_e4b" style="padding-top: 5px;">
<span style="color: #660099;">eski türk edebiyatı </span><b style="color: #660099; cursor: pointer;">söz sanatları</b></div>
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nedim divanı indir</div>
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yunus emre divanı</div>
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şeyh galip divanı</div>
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baki divanı</div>
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baki divanı indir</div>
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vahyi divanı</div>
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e kitap</div>
</div>
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<span style="color: #660099;">eski türk edebiyatı </span><b style="color: #660099; cursor: pointer;">el kitabı</b></div>
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<span style="color: #660099;">eski türk edebiyatı </span><b style="color: #660099; cursor: pointer;">yüksek lisans mülakat soruları</b></div>
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<span style="color: #660099;">eski türk edebiyatı </span><b>ve</b> türk <b>destanları hakkında genel bilgi</b></div>
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<span style="color: #660099; cursor: pointer;">eski türk edebiyatı</span><span style="color: #660099; cursor: pointer;"> </span><b style="color: #660099; cursor: pointer;">konu anlatımı</b></div>
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yunus emre divanı indir</div>
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türk edebiyatı divanları</div>
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divanlar</div>
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edebiyat divanları</div>
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vahyi divanı indir</div>
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pdf divanlar</div>
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yunus emre divanı pdf</div>
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e kitap indir</div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-19190122011103630272017-06-17T00:26:00.001-07:002017-06-17T00:26:32.603-07:00Divan Edebiyatının Temsilcileri<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-UL7PkFMdBgY/WUTZh0Ly_3I/AAAAAAAAAYQ/2P0tStMmKOonSRi7rG74L4Q0ASe2LDxcwCLcBGAs/s1600/Divan-Edebiyat%25C4%25B1n%25C4%25B1n-%25C3%2596nemli-Sanat%25C3%25A7%25C4%25B1lar%25C4%25B1-K%25C4%25B1sa-Anlat%25C4%25B1m.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="300" height="358" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-UL7PkFMdBgY/WUTZh0Ly_3I/AAAAAAAAAYQ/2P0tStMmKOonSRi7rG74L4Q0ASe2LDxcwCLcBGAs/s640/Divan-Edebiyat%25C4%25B1n%25C4%25B1n-%25C3%2596nemli-Sanat%25C3%25A7%25C4%25B1lar%25C4%25B1-K%25C4%25B1sa-Anlat%25C4%25B1m.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<center style="background-color: #f9f9f9; font-family: "Comic Sans Ms"; font-size: 16px;">
<span style="background-color: gold;">Divan Edebiyatının Temsilcileri</span></center>
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<strong>HOCA DEHHANİ:</strong> 13. yüzyılda yaşamıştır. Din dışı konularda şiir yazan ilk divan şairidir. Divanı vardır.</div>
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<strong><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/mevlana-celaleddin-i-rumi-kimdir-hayati-biyografi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="mevlana"><span style="background-color: aliceblue;">MEVLANA</span></a><span style="background-color: aliceblue;">:</span></strong><span style="background-color: honeydew;"> </span>XIII.yüzyılda yaşamıştır. Birkaç <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkcenin-tarihi-gelisimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="türkçe">Türkçe</a> beyit dışında, tüm şiirlerini Farsça ile yazan ünlü tasavvuf şairidir. Oğlu Sultan Veled de tasavvufi konuları işleyen bir şair olarak bilinir. <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/mesnevi-mevlana-nedir-ozellikleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="mesnevi, mevlana">Mesnevi</a>,<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/divan-i-kebir-nedir-ozellikleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="divanı kebir">Divan-ı Kebir</a>, <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/mektubat-mevlana-nedir-ozellikleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="mektubat, mevlana">Mektubat</a>, tanınmış eserleridir.</div>
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<strong>ALİ ŞİR NEVÂİ:</strong> Çağatay lehçesinin en güzel örneklerini veren şair 15. yüzyılda yaşamıştır. Muhakemetü”l-Lugateyn adlı eserinde Türkçe“nin Farsça“dan daha üstün bir<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dil-nedir-tanimi-anlami-ve-aciklamasi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="dil nedir">dil</a> olduğunu savunmuştur. Hamsesi vardır. Anadolu dışında Türkçe şiir yazan <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/ilk-turk-destanlari/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="ilk türk destanları">ilk</a> şairdir.</div>
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<strong>ŞEYHİ:</strong> 15. yüzyılda yaşamıştır. “Harnâme” adlı eseri edebiyatımızda ilk fabl türü eser olarak bilinmektedir. Mesnevi alanında başarılı olmuştur.</div>
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<strong>SÜLEYMAN ÇELEBİ:</strong> 15. yüzyılda yaşamıştır. Hz. Muhammed için yazdığı Vesilet-ün-Necat (mevlit) adlı mesnevisiyle tanınmış bir şairdir. (İslam edebiyatında Hz. Muhammed”in hayatını anlatan eserlere SİYER denir).</div>
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<strong>BÂKİ:</strong> Baki,16. yüzyıl şairlerindendir. Döneminde “şairler sultanı” olarak tanınmış ve saratın bütün olanaklarından yararlanmıştır. İyi bir medrese eğitimi gördüğü bilinmektedir. Dünya nimetlerinin hepsinden yararlanma anlayışındadır. Kanuni”nin ölümü üzerine yazdığı mersiyesi çok tanınmıştır. Divanı vardır.<strong>FUZÛLİ:</strong> Fuzuli 16. yüzyılın en güçlü şairlerindendir. Arapca, Farsça, Türkçe divanı olan tek şairdir. Eserlerini Azeri lehçesiyle yazmıştır. Divan edebiyatının en lirik şairi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Ona göre yaşamın anlamı acı çekmekle özdeştir. Platonik bir <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/ask-ve-sevgi-sozleri-1-guzel-sozler/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="aşk, sevgi sözleri">aşk</a> arayışı vardır. Din dışı konularda yazmakla birlikte tasavvuftan da etkilendiği bilinmektedir. Kendisine bağlanan maaşı almasında güçlük çıkaran memurları şikayet etmek için yazdığı “Şikayetnâme” adlı mektubu edebiyatımızdaki <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dunyanin-enleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="dünyanın enleri">en</a> ünlü yergilerden biridir. <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/divan-edebiyati/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="divan edebiyatı">Divan</a>larından başka bir naat olan “Su” kasidesi, Leyla vü Mecnun mesnevisi, Peygamber ailesini anlattığı Hadikat-üs-Süeda”sı Şah İsmail ile II:Bayezid”i karşılaştırdığı Beng ü Bâde”si ve tıp bilgisini sergilediği Sıhhat ve Maraz”ı en tanınmış eserleridir.</div>
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<strong>NÂBİ:</strong> 17. yüzyıl şairlerindendir. Divan edebiyatında didaktik şiirler yazmasıyla bir yenilik olarak kabul edilmektedir. Din, töreler ve sosyal yaşamla ilgili öğütler verir. Nâbi”nin Divan“ından başka Hayriye, Hayrâbâd adlı iki didaktik eseri, gezi notlarını içine alan Tuhfet-ül Harameyn”i ve Münşeat adlı eserleri vardır.</div>
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<strong>NEFİ:</strong> Nefi , 17. yüzyıl şairlerindendir. Edebiyatımızdaki en <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/unluler/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="ünlüler">ünlü</a> kaside şairi olarak bilinir. Övgülerindeki ve yergilerindeki aşırılıklarıyla ünlüdür. Yazdığı hicviyelerindeki aşırılık boğdurulmasına neden olmuştur. Hayal gücü çok zengin olan Nefi”nin somut benzetmelerden yararlanması da belirgin bir özelliğidir. Türkçe ve Farsça divanı olan Nefi”nin ayrıca hicviyelerini topladığı Sihamı-ı Kaza adlı bir eseri de vardır.</div>
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<strong>NEDİM:</strong> 18. <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/yuz-100-temel-eser/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="yüz temel eser">yüz</a>yıl şairlerinden olan Nedim, Lale Devri”nin şairi olarak bilinir.<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/eser-ve-yazar-eslestirmeleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="eser ve yazar">Eser</a>lerinde aşk, içki, zevk ve sefayı işler. “Mahallileşme akımı”nın önderi olan şairin Halk <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/edebiyat-nedir/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="edebiyat nedir">edebiyat</a>ından da etkilendiği bilinmektedir. Şiirlerinde halkın ağzından alınma deyimler olduğu gibi, halkın konuşma diline de oldukça yaklaşmıştır. Samimi ve içten bir söyleyişi olan Nedim, şarkılarıyla tanınmıştır. Divan şiirindeki klişeleri (mazmunları) bir ölçüde yıkmış olan şairin Divan’ı vardır.</div>
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<strong>ŞEYH GALİP:</strong> Divan edebiyatının 18.yüzyılda yaşamış son büyük şairidir. Galatasaray Mevlevihanesinde şeyhlik yapmıştır. Nabi”nin “Hayrâbâd”ına nazire olarak ve Mevlânâ”nın mesnevisinden etkilenerek yazdığı “Hüsn-ü Aşk” adlı meşhur mesnevisinde, tasvvuf konusundaki düşüncelerini ortaya koyar. Bu eserinde allegorik (sembolik) bir anlatım kullanan şair hayal gücünden ve masal ögelerinden de yararlanmıştır.</div>
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<strong>EVLİYA ÇELEBİ:</strong> (17.yy) Edebiyatımızda gezi türünün ilk örneklerini veren yazar, usta bir gözlemcidir. Elli yıllık bir süre içinde gezdiği yerleri konuşma diline yakın bir dille anlatmıştır. Anlatımında abartılı olmakla birlikte, Divan nesrinin kalıplarını da kırmıştır. 10 ciltlik “Seyahatnâme” adlı eseri çok tanınmıştır.</div>
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<span style="color: red;"><strong>NOT:</strong></span> Divan edebiyatının nesir yazarı olarak tanınan diğer önemli yazarları şunlardır:</div>
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<strong>SİNAN PAŞA:</strong> (15.yy) Tazarrunâme adlı süslü nesri ile tanınır.</div>
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<strong>MERCİMEK AHMET:</strong> (15.yy) Farsça“dan çevirdiği Kabusnâme adlı eseriyle tanınır.</div>
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<strong>NAİMÂ:</strong> (17.yy) Kendi adıyla anılan (“Naima Tarihi”) adlı tarih eserinin yazarıdır.</div>
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<strong>KATİP ÇELEBİ:</strong> (17.yy) Batılıların Hacı Kalfa dedikleri yazar ve düşünürdür. Arapca, Farsça, Fransızca, Latine bilen yazarın tarih, coğrafya, matematik konularında yazılmış eserleri vardır.</div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-60296536950679968502017-06-17T00:23:00.000-07:002017-06-17T00:23:40.475-07:00Divan Edebiyatı Nazım Biçimleri <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-B81-Ly4z7lM/WUTX3ra8x2I/AAAAAAAAAYE/Mvhp250UQ1MTkLaITQOUBnNMZxrFDIBeACLcBGAs/s1600/gonuldiliturkce_135642684655.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="377" data-original-width="400" height="301" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-B81-Ly4z7lM/WUTX3ra8x2I/AAAAAAAAAYE/Mvhp250UQ1MTkLaITQOUBnNMZxrFDIBeACLcBGAs/s320/gonuldiliturkce_135642684655.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<b style="border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #111111;">Divan Edebiyatı Nazım B</span><span style="color: #111111;">içimleri</span></b><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> </span><br />
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<span style="color: #737373; font-family: Georgia, "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23px;">Şiirin birim sayısı, birimdeki dize sayısı, dizelerdeki hece sayısı ve kafiye düzeni ile belirlenen şekline nazım biçimi adı verilir. Şiirin bazen konusu, bazen de ölçüsünün kalıbı şiir biçimi önemlidir.</span></div>
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Nazım biçimindeki dizelerin kümelenişine nazım birimi; nazım birimlerindeki dizeler arasındaki uyak <span style="border-bottom-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); border-bottom-style: double; border-width: 0px 0px 3px; color: red; cursor: pointer; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.7; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">bağlantısına</span> uyak düzeni; nazım şekilleri, nazım birimi ile uyak düzenine göre türlere ayrılmasına nazım türü denir.</div>
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Nazım türlerinde dize ve uyak düzeni şemayla; bu şemada her dize bir çizgiyle; kafiyeler birharfle gösterilir. Ana kafiye için “a” harfi <span style="border-bottom-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); border-bottom-style: double; border-width: 0px 0px 3px; color: red; cursor: pointer; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.7; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">kullanılır</span>. Diğer kafiyeli dizeler “b”den başlanarak sırayla harflendirilir. Kafiyesiz dizeler “x” ile; nakaratlar harfin üzerine konan <span style="border-bottom-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); border-bottom-style: double; border-width: 0px 0px 3px; color: red; cursor: pointer; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.7; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">küçük</span> bir “n” harfi ile gösterilir.</div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Divan Edebiyatı Nazım Biçimleri</strong></div>
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Divan şiiri, mazım biçimleri açısından zengin bir şiirdir. Nazım biçimleri beyit ve bent olmak üzere ikiye ayrılır. Beyitle yazılanlar “aynı” ve “ayrı” uyaklı olmak üzere iki dala ayrılır. Aynı uyaklıların en önemlileri gazel, kaside ve müstezattır. Ayrı uyaklı tek nazım şekli ise mesnevidir.</div>
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Bentlerden oluşan nazım biçimleri de tek bentli ve çok bentli olarak gruplandırılır. Tek bentli olanlar rübai ve tuyuğ, çok bentliler ise musammat ana başlığı altında toplanan murabba, şarkı, muhammes, tahmis, tardiye, taşdir, müseddes, tesdis, müsebba, tesbi, müsemmen, temsin, muaşşer, taşir, terkib-i bent ve terci-i benttir. Bunun haricinde müfred yani tek beyit ve azade (tek mısra) vardır.</div>
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Dize, manzum yapıtların her bir satırına verilen isimdir. Bir ölçüye <span style="border-bottom-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); border-bottom-style: double; border-width: 0px 0px 3px; color: red; cursor: pointer; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.7; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">uygun</span> olarak söylenmiş beytin yarısına da mısra denir. En küçük anlamlı nazım birimi olan mısra, bir şiirin parçasıolabileceği gibi, bağımsız bir bütünlük de olabilir. Divan edebiyatında kendi içinde bir bütün oluşturan mısralara mısra-i azade yani bağımsız mısra adı verilebilir. Ayrıca bir beytin birbirinin anlamlarını tamamlayan ya da aralarındaki anlam bağı kesin olmayan mısralarına da aynı ad verilir. Yetkinliği, <span style="border-bottom-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); border-bottom-style: double; border-width: 0px 0px 3px; color: red; cursor: pointer; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.7; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">sağlamlığı</span>, özlü ve çarpıcı anlatımıyla dikkat çeken, her<span style="border-bottom-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); border-bottom-style: double; border-width: 0px 0px 3px; color: red; cursor: pointer; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.7; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">zaman</span> hatırlanabilen, dilden dile dolaşan mısralara mısra-i berceste veya şah-mısra adı verilir.</div>
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<a href="http://www.bilgiustam.com/resimler/2012/12/kaside4.gif" style="border: 0px; color: #3e587e; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: initial; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="kaside4" class="aligncenter wp-image-14554" height="162" src="http://www.bilgiustam.com/resimler/2012/12/kaside4.gif" style="border: 0px; display: block; float: left; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 580px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="384" /></a></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Beyitlerden Oluşan Tek Kafiyeli Nazım Şekilleri</strong></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Gazel</strong></div>
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Divan şiirinde en çok kullanılan nazım şekillerindendir. Kelime anlamı kadınlarla aşıkâne sohbet etmek, konuşmak; kadınlar için söylenen güzel, aşk dolu söz demektir. Terim olarak aşk, şarap, tabiat ve kadın konularını işleyen şiirlere denir. Ayrıca klasik musikimizde, bir kişi tarafından özel bir ahenkle okunan musiki eserlerine gazel; gazelleri makamla okuyan kişilere gazel-hân, gazel yazan ustalara ise gazel-sera, gazel-nuvis; gazel tarzında olan şiirlere gazeliyyât adı verilir.</div>
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Bağımsız bir nazım biçimi olarak Türk edebiyatına İran edebiyatından gelmiştir. Biçimde herhangi bir değişikliğe gidilmemiş, Türk şairleri tarafından sıkça kullanılmış olup, aruzun hemen hemen her kalıbıyla yazılmışlardır.</div>
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Gazelin beyit sayısı 5-15 arasında değişir. Gazelin ilk beytine matla, son beytine makta adı verilir. Matla beytinden sonra gelen son beyte hüsn-i matla, makta beytinden bir önceki beyte ise hüsn-i makta, en güzel beytine beyt’ül gazel denir.</div>
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Birinci beyit kendi arasında kafiyeli, diğer beyitlerin birinci serbest, ikinci mısraları birinci beyit ile kafiyelidir. Kafiye düzeni “aa-ba-ca-da-ea-fa…” şeklindedir.</div>
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<img alt="kaside3" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-14552" height="283" src="http://www.bilgiustam.com/resimler/2012/12/kaside3-300x283.jpg" style="border: 0px; float: right; margin: 0px 0px 1em 1em; max-width: 580px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="300" /></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Gazel Örneği:</strong></div>
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Gönül düşüp ham-ı giysû-yı yâra kalmışdur</div>
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Netîce hâtırum ol yâdigâra kalmışdur</div>
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İrişmeyince hatı âşinâlık itmez o yâr</div>
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Anunla sohbetümüz tâ bahâra kalmışdur</div>
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Hadengi sâika-sürat iken ol âhûnun</div>
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Gelince menzil-i cism-i nizâra kalmışdur</div>
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Güşâyiş-i der-i genc-i tılsım her dü-cihân</div>
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Niyâz-ı nîm şeb ü âh ü zâra kalmışdur</div>
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Acebdür ol büte cân virmek isterem Sırrî</div>
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Benüm işüm hele Perverdigâvar’a kalmışdur</div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> (Üsküdarlı Sırrî)</strong></div>
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Gazelde öncelikle beyit güzelliğine önem verilir. Bir gazelde beyitler yalnız vezin ve kafiye yönüyle değil, anlamları bakımından da birbirine bağlanmışsa yani bir konu bütünlüğü varsa, böyle gazellere yek-ahenk, bütün beyitler aynı güçte ve güzellikte söylenebilmişse bunlara da yek-âvâz gazel adı verilir.</div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Yek-âvâz ve âşıkane üslupla yazılmış gazele örnek:<a href="http://www.bilgiustam.com/nazim-bicimleri/kaside2/" rel="attachment wp-att-14551" style="border: 0px; color: #3e587e; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: initial; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="kaside2" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-14551" height="183" src="http://www.bilgiustam.com/resimler/2012/12/kaside2-300x183.jpg" style="border: 0px; float: right; margin: 0px 0px 1em 1em; max-width: 580px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="300" /></a></strong></div>
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Menüm tek hiç kim hiç kim zâr u perişân olmasun yâ Rab</div>
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Esîr-i derd-iaşk u dâğ-ı hicrân olmasun yâ Rab</div>
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Dem-a-dem cevrlerdür çekdüğüm bî-rahm bütlerden</div>
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Bu kâfirler esîri bir müselmân olmasun yâ Rab</div>
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Görüp endişe-i katlümde ol mâhı budur derdüm</div>
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Ki bu endîşeden ol meh peşîmân olmasun yâ Rab</div>
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Çıkarmak itseler tenden çeküp peykânın ol servün</div>
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Çıkan olsun dil-i mecrûh peykân olmasun yâ Rab</div>
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Cefa ü cevr ile mu’tâdem anlarsuz n’olur hâlüm</div>
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Cefâsına had ü cevrine pâyân olmasun yâ Rab</div>
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Dirmen kim adli yok yâ zulmü çok her hâl ile olsa</div>
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Gönül tahtına andan gayrı sultân olmasun yâ Rab</div>
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Fuzûlî buldı genc-i afiyet meyhâne küncinde</div>
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Mübârek mülkdür ol mülk vîrân olmasun yâ Rab</div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> (Fuzûlî)</strong></div>
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Matla beytinin dizeleri kendi aralarında uyaklıdır. Buna musarra beyit denir. Birden fazla musarra beyit varsa bu gazele zü’l-metâli veya zâtü’l-metâli, her beyti musarra yani her dizesi uyaklı olan gazele müselsel denir.</div>
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Bazı gazellerin matla beytini oluşturan dizelerden birinci ya da ikincisinin makta beytinde yani son beyitte yinelenmesine redd-i matla, matla veya maktadaki dizeler dışındaki bir dizenin maktada yinelenmesine redd-i mısra adı verilir. Tekrarlanan bu dizenin hoş bir etki yapabilmesi için güzel olması gerekir.</div>
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Şair mahlasını makta ya da hüsn-i maktada söyler. Bu durumda beyit ikinci bir adla mahlas beyti ya da mahlas-hâne olarak bilinir. Şair mahlasını uygun düştüğünde iki ayrı beyitte de kullanabilir. Mahlas kullanılmamış gazeller de mevcuttur.</div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Şairin mahlasını tevriyeli kullanmasına hüsn-i tahallüs adı verilir:</strong></div>
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Minnet Hudâ’ya devlet-i fenâ bulur</div>
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Bâkî kalır sahîfe-i âlemde adımız.</div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> (Bâkî)</strong></div>
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Mahlas beytinden sonraki birkaç beyitte şair, zamanın padişahı, devlet büyükleri veya tarikat uluları için övgüde bulunur. Bu tarz gazellere gazel-i müzeyyel denir.</div>
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Mısra sonlarındaki kafiyelerden ayrı olarak mısra içlerinde de kafiye bulunan gazellere musammat gazel adı verilir. Genelde aruzun iki çeşit parçaya bölünebilen kalıplarıyla yazılır. Baştan ya da ikinci beytinden başlayarak bu eşit parçalardan ilk üçü kendi aralarında kafiye oluşturur ve her beyit küçük bir dörtlük halini alır. Fuzûlî’nin aşağıdaki beyti musammat gazele güzel bir örnektir:</div>
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Beni cândan usandırdı / cefâdan yâr usanmaz mı?</div>
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Felekler yandı âhımdan / murâdım şem’i yanmaz mı?</div>
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Kamu bîmârına cânân / devâ-yı dert eder ihsân</div>
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Niçin kılmaz bana dermân / beni bîmâr sanmaz mı?</div>
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Gamım pinhân tutardım ben / dediler yâre kıl rûşen</div>
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Desem ol bî-vefâ bilmen / inanır mı inanmaz mı?</div>
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Şeb-i hicrân yanar cânım / döker kan çeşm-i giryânım</div>
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Uyarır halkı efgânım / kara bahtım uyanmaz mı?</div>
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Gül-i ruhsârına karşu / gözümden kanlu akar su</div>
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Habîbim fasl-ı güldür bu / akar sular bulanmaz mı?</div>
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Değildim ben sana mâil / sen ettin aklımı zâil</div>
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Bana ta’n eyleyen gâfil / seni görgeç uyanmaz mı?</div>
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Fuzûlî rind-i şeydâdır / hemîşe halka rüsvâdır</div>
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Sorun kim bu ne sevdâdır / bu sevdâdan usanmaz mı?</div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> (Fuzûlî)</strong></div>
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Sonu getirilmemiş ya da beyit sayısı beşten az olan gazellere na-tamam gazel denir. Başka şairlerin birkaç dize ekleyerek bent biçimine dönüştürdükleri gazellere tahmis veya terbi denir.</div>
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Divanların ağırlık noktasını oluşturan gazellerdir. Gazellerin adlandırılması kafiye ya da rediflerin son harflerine göre olur. Bu dizilişte esas olan Arap alfabesidir.</div>
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Gazellerde aşk, şarap âlemleri, doğa güzellikleriyle birleşmiş bir biçimde canlı ve akıcı bir üslupla kaleme alınır. Konu bakımından lirik bir nazım şeklidir. Değişik konularda yazılmış olmakla beraber gazeller genelde aşk şiirleridir.</div>
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Gazeller, konularına göre de değişik isimler alırlar.</div>
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Aşkın verdiği mutluluğu, sıkıntıyı, sevgiliden şikâyet etmeyi içli ve duygulu bir şekilde anlatan gazellere âşıkane gazel denir. Bu alanın en önemli temsilcisi Fuzulî’dir.</div>
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İçkiyi, içki zevkini, içki ile ilgili düşünceleri, hayata karşı kayıtsızlığı, yaşama boş vermişliği ve yaşamdan zevk almayı işleyen gazellere rindâne gazel denir. Bunun en önemli temsilcisi Bâkî’dir.</div>
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Kadınları ve aşkın zevklerini konu edinen zarif ve çapkın bir anlatımla söylenmiş gazellere ise şûhane gazel, Nedîmâne tarz denir. Bu türün en önemli temsilcisi Nedîm’dir.</div>
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Ahlakla ilgili öğütler veren, türlü hayat görüşlerini yansıtan, özdeyiş niteliğindeki sözlerin ağır bastığı gazellere hâkimâne gazel, hikemî gazel denir. Nabî ve Koca Ragıp Paşa’nın bu tarzda gazelleri vardır.</div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Kaside</strong></div>
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Kaside kastetmek, yönelmek, niyet etmek anlamlarında Arapça bir kelimedir. Terim olarak belli bir amaçla yazılmış manzume anlamına gelir. Türk edebiyatında din ve devlet büyüklerini övmek amacıyla yazılan uzun şiirlerdir.</div>
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Kaside şairlerine kaside-gû (kaside söyleyen), kaside-sera ya da kaside-perdaz (kaside yazan) denir.</div>
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Kaside beyitlerle yazılır. Beyit sayısı genelde 33-99 arasında değişir. Ancak, 33′ten az, 99′dan çok olan kasidelerin sayısı da az değildir.</div>
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Kasidenin ilk beytinin mısraları aynı uyaklı, ondan sonraki beyitlerin mısraları ise birinci beyit ile uyaklıdır. Uyak düzeni aynı gazeldeki gibi “aa-ba-ca-da-ea-fa…” şeklindedir.</div>
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Kasidenin ilk beytine matla, son beytine makta, en güzel beytine şah beyit veya beytü’l kasid, şairin adının veya mahlasının geçtiği beyte taç beyit denir. Bazen şairin mahlasını söylediği birden fazla beyit olabilir. Taç beyit, kasidenin son yani makta beyti olabileceği gibi, ondan önceki beyitlerden biri de olabilir. Şairler genellikle mahlaslarını tegazzül, fahriye ve dua kısmında ya da kasideyi bitirmeden birkaç beyit önce söylerler.</div>
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Şair kaside içinde, herhangi bir yerinde matla beyti tekrarlanabilir. Yani “aa” şeklinde olabilir. Buna tecdîd-i matla denir. Tecdid-i matla olan kasidelere zâtü’l-matla, zü’l-metâli adı verilir.</div>
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Kasideler, mürettep divan sıralamasında divanların başında ve öteki şiirlerden önce yer alır. Divanlarda önce dinî konulardaki tevhîd, münacât, na’t kasideleri; dört halife hakkındaki kasideler; padişah, sadrazam, vezir vb. için yazılmış kasideler sıralanır. Kasideler, devrin toplumsal hayatına ışık tutması açısından önemlidir.</div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Kaside 6 bölümden oluşur:</strong></div>
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Birinci bölüm 15-20 beyitten oluşan nesîb veya teşbîb denilen giriş bölümüdür. Kasidenin girişi ve şiir yönünün en ağır bastığı bölümüdür. Konusu aşk ve sevgili olan başlangıç kısımlarına nesib, başka ve değişik konuları işleyen kaside başlangıçlarına teşbib adı verilmiştir.</div>
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Kasideler bu nesîb kısımlarının konularına göre adlandırılmıştır. Nesibleri baharı anlatan kasidelere bahariye, kışı anlatanlara şitâ’iyye ve bayramı anlatanlara ıydiyye, düğünleri anlatanlara sûriye denir. Rediflerine göre isim alan kasideler de var: su kasidesi, sünbül kasidesi, sühan kasidesi… gibi. Redifi olmayanlar da kafiyelerinin son harfleriyle anılırlar: Râ’iyye, Mimiyye, Vâviyye… kasidesi gibi. Bazı şairlerin hiç nesîb yapmadan doğrudan methiyeye geçtikleri olmuştur.</div>
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İkinci bölüm girizgâh ya da girizdir. Kasidelerin nesib bölümünden asıl konu olan methiye bölümüne geçerken söylenen beyit ya da beyitlere denir. Bu beyit ya da beyitler iki bölümü birleştiren basamak görevindedir. Gelişi güzel söylenmez, yeri getirilerek, uygun, nükteli bir sözle övgüye başlandığı belirtilir.</div>
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Üçüncü bölüm methiyedir. Kasidenin sunulduğu kişinin övüldüğü yerdir. Övülen kimsenin kişisel yetenekleri hiç dikkate alınmadan çok abartılı olarak, kalıplaşmış mazmun ve benzetmelerle yapılan övgüdür. Bu bölümde asıl konu anlatılır. Beyit sayısı konuya ve şaire göre değişen methiye bölümü kasidenin en sanatlı beyitlerini içerir.</div>
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Kasidenin dördüncü bölümü tegazzüldür. Gazel söyleme, gazel tarzında şiir yazma anlamına gelir. 5-12 beyit arasında değişir. Kasidelerin içinde genelde methiye bölümünden sonra bir fırsatını düşürüp aynı ölçü ve uyakta gazel söylemektir. Bu bölüm her kasidede bulunmayabilir. Kimi zaman gazeller tegazzülle başlayabilir. Bu durumda kasidede nesib bölümü bulunmaz. Gazelden sonra yine methiyeye geçilir.</div>
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Beşinci bölüm fahriyedir. Kaside içinde şairin kendisini övdüğü bölümdür. Methiye bölümünde de olduğu gibi şair, abartılı olarak kendisini İran’ın ünlü şairleriyle karşılaştırarak över. Hatta şiirinin ve şairlik gücünün onlardan üstün olduğunu söyler.</div>
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Kasidenin son bölümü duadır. Bu bölümde önceki beyitlerde övgüsü yapılan kişinin başarılı, uzun ömürlü ve talihinin iyi olması yolunda iyi dileklerde bulunarak dua edilir.</div>
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Kasideler, nesib bölümünde ele alınan konuya göre kaside-i bahariyye, kaside-i ramazaniyye, kaside-i hammamiyye olarak adlandırılır. Bir başka adlandırma redife göredir: şemsiyye, sünbüliyye, su kasidesi… gibi. Redifli olmayanlar da kafiyelerinin son harfleriyle anılırlar. Kasidenin kafiye harfi r harfi ile bitiyorsa kaside-i raiyye, l harfi ile bitiyorsa kaside-i lâmiyye, m harfiyle bitiyorsa kaside-i mimiyye adları verilir.</div>
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Kasideler konularına göre de adlandırılır. Tanrı birliği anlatılıyorsa tevhid, Allah’a yakarış söz konusu ise münâcât, peygambere övgü varsa na’t adını alır.</div>
Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-4415778364790193862017-06-16T05:24:00.002-07:002017-06-16T05:24:48.292-07:00SOSYAL AĞLARIN TÜRKÇEYE OLAN ETKİSİ<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bde6bG62lZQ/WUPN9TApi9I/AAAAAAAAAXk/xxEhZ31_ktck3JJmimkuqelcfxXRI6lUgCLcBGAs/s1600/fft20_mf5064366.Jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="264" data-original-width="640" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bde6bG62lZQ/WUPN9TApi9I/AAAAAAAAAXk/xxEhZ31_ktck3JJmimkuqelcfxXRI6lUgCLcBGAs/s1600/fft20_mf5064366.Jpeg" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<div align="center" class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">SOSYAL AĞLARIN TÜRKÇEYE OLAN
ETKİSİ<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> 1.Yunus YENİÇERİ<a href="file:///C:/Users/samsung-/Desktop/Masa%C3%BCst%C3%BC/Yunus%20T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e%202015-2016/y%C3%BCksek%20lisans/Sosyal%20A%C4%9Flar%C4%B1n%20T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7eye%20Olan%20Etkisi/Sosyal%20A%C4%9Flar%C4%B1n%20T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7eye%20Olan%20Etkisi.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> 2.
Rukiye YENİÇERİ<a href="file:///C:/Users/samsung-/Desktop/Masa%C3%BCst%C3%BC/Yunus%20T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e%202015-2016/y%C3%BCksek%20lisans/Sosyal%20A%C4%9Flar%C4%B1n%20T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7eye%20Olan%20Etkisi/Sosyal%20A%C4%9Flar%C4%B1n%20T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7eye%20Olan%20Etkisi.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Özet<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Bir
milletin bilgi, duygu ve düşünce birikiminin, kültürel özelliklerinin bir göstergesi
olan dil, insanoğlunun en önemli iletişim aracıdır. Kültürel etkileşim ve
değişim ile doğru orantılı olan dil canlıdır ve sürekli gelişim içindedir.
İçinde bulunduğu toplumun yaşam tarzındaki değişimler kullanılan dile yeni
kelime ve kavramlar eklemektedir. Son yıllardaki
gelişmelerle maliyeti azalan teknolojik aletler her evin vazgeçilmezi durumuna
gelmiştir. Genel Ağ ortamında
kullanılmaya başlanan sosyal ağlar da bu vazgeçilmezin en önemli ayağını
oluşturmaktadır. Sosyal ağlar aracılığıyla kültürel etkileşimin hat safhaya
ulaşması yaşam tarzlarının değişmesine, doğal olarak da kullanılan dilde
değişimlere neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ise sosyal ağların Türkçeye olan
etkisi araştırma amacı olarak seçilmiştir. Nitel bir araştırma olan bu çalışma,
tekil tarama modeli kullanılarak Gültepe İmam Hatip Ortaokulu öğrencileri
üzerinde araştırma yapılmıştır. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Anahtar
Kelimeler: </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Türkçe
</span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">1</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">,
Sosyal Ağlar </span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">2</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">,
Etkileşim </span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<pre style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">THE EFFECT OF THE TURKISH SOCIAL NETWORK<o:p></o:p></span></b></pre>
<pre><b><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></b></pre>
<pre style="line-height: 12.0pt;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Abstract<o:p></o:p></span></b></pre>
<pre style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Language is the vehicle of communication by means of which we can express a nation’s information, emotions, thoughts and cultural specialties. Language is always in progress and always related with culture. The changes in the culture and society add new words to the langue. The technological devices with the improvements in that field are found in every house. The social networks are key factors that are used in general network fields are also common. The social network change affects the language that we use in our daily life. Because the culture is affected by the network and technology and this changes our language. İn this workshop we try to understand and figure out the affects of social networks on Turkish language. We choose Gültepe İmam Hatip secondary school students to search this subject. <o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Keywords: </span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Turkish 1, Social Network 2, İnteraction 3<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><b><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></b></pre>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Giriş <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify;">
Dil,
hem zihinsel gelişmenin göstergesi hem de anlamanın aracıdır. Bu tanım, dilin
çocuğun bilişsel ve sosyal gelişiminde ne denli önemli bir yer kapsadığını
açıkça ortaya koymaktadır. Dil aynı zamanda çocuğun sosyal beceriler
edinmesinin ve bu becerileri kullanmasının da aracı ve ön koşuludur. Sosyal
becerilerin başında gelen iletişim, bunu gerçekleştirecek araç olan dilin de
gelişmesine bağlıdır.(Özbay ve Melanlıoğlu,2008, ss.30-45) Dilin özelliklerinden birisi, düşünce ile iç
içe olmasıdır. Düşünceler dil yardımıyla ortaya konarak başkalarına iletilir.
Düşüncelerin gelişmesini sağlayan temel unsur, kelimelerdir. Kelime ve kavram
zenginliği düşünme sürecinde akılcılığa ve düşünce zenginliğine işaret
eder.(Budak,2000,s.92) İnsanın kelime ve kavram yönünden zengin bir birikime
sahip olması, düşüncede de zengin olmasını sağlar. Bu nedenle Türkçe eğitiminde
kelime öğretimine ayrı bir önem verilmesi gerekmektedir. Sosyal ağların
son zamanlarda gerek yurt dışında gerekse Türkiye’de sıklıkla kullanılması,
eğitimde de kullanılır mı sorusunu ortaya çıkarmış ve bununla ilgili
araştırmalara çalışılmaya başlanmıştır. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 17.85pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Son yıllarda bilim ve teknolojideki gelişmeler ve eğitimde
internetin yaygınlaşması, sosyal ağların giderek yaygınlaşmasına sebep
olmuştur. Türkiye, sosyal ağları etkin bir şekilde kullanan özellikle de
Facebook sayfasını en yaygın kullanan ülkelerden birisidir. “Sosyal ağ sitelerinin kullanım kolaylığı,
bilgilerin hızla güncellenebilmesi ve kolaylıkla paylaşılabilmesi
kullanıcıların büyük ilgisini çekmiştir. Hem sosyal ağların sayısı, hem de
kullanıcılarının sayıları günden güne artarak yayılımları hızlanmıştır.
Facebook diğer sosyal ağlardan daha fazla kullanıcı sayısına sahip olması ve
öğrenciler tarafından daha fazla tercih edilmesi nedeniyle birinci sırada yer
almaktadır” (Akkoyunlu, ve Soylu,
2011,ss441-453)<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">“Ülkelere göre son altı ayda facebook kullanım grafiği aşağıdaki
şekilde görülmektedir. Buna göre Türkiye, son altı ay içerisinde, Facebook
sitesini en yaygın kullanan Dünyanın altıncı ülkesidir”( Socialbakers, 2011) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="05Baslik-Tablo-No" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Tablo I<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ülkelere göre Facebook Kullanım Listesi<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 1.5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 615px;">
<thead>
<tr style="height: 14.95pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 14.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 14.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Country<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 14.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<a href="http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/?orderDir=asc&interval=last-6-months"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Users</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 14.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<a href="http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/?orderBy=growth&orderDir=asc&interval=last-6-months"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Change</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 14.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<a href="http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/?orderBy=percentage_growth&orderDir=asc&interval=last-6-months"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">(± %)</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 14.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<a href="http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/?orderBy=penetration&orderDir=asc&interval=last-6-months"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Pen.</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 14.95pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/united-states"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">United States</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">155892160<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+145
380</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+0.09%</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">50.25%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/india"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">India</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">45019840<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+8
596 860</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+23.60%</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.84%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.95pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/indonesia"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Indonesia</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">43523740<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+3
104 880</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+7.68%</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">17.91%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/brazil"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Brazil</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">42199880<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+14
261 000</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+51.04%</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">20.98%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.95pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/mexico"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Mexico</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">33597260<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+4
243 920</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+14.46%</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">29.87%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/turkey"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Turkey</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">31526840<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+791
740</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+2.58%</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">40.52%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.95pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/united-kingdom"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">United Kingdom</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">30485180<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+147
740</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+0.49%</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">48.89%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/philippines"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Philippines</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">27720300<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+1
749 380</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+6.74%</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">27.75%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.95pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">9.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/france"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">France</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">24104320<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+1
051 980</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+4.56%</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 14.95pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">37.22%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.95pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 14.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 14.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/germany"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Germany</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 14.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">23251200<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 14.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+2
017 020</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 14.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span class="up"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">+9.50%</span></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 14.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">28.26%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;">İnternetteki
evrensel iletişimde yazı, ses ve görüntü aynı ortamda kullanılmakta; bu durum
iletişimi diğer geleneksel medya türlerine göre daha etkin kılmaktadır. Böylece
internet; gazete, radyo ve televizyonun üstünlüklerini aynı ortamda bir araya
getirerek güçlü bir enformasyon sunumu gerçekleştirmektedir. İnternet
kullanıcıları, sanal iletişim sayesinde oluşan ortamlarda farklı kültürlerde
yaşayanlarla yakınlaşmakta ve kültürel etkileşim içine girmektedirler. Şüphesiz
bu etkileşimden en fazla etkilenen unsurlardan birisi de dilin
yapısıdır.(Yaman, 2007) Sosyal iletişim ağları gelişimindeki hız, pek çok yabancı sözcüğün (blog, pokes,
gifts vb.) kullanılarak dilimize yerleşmesine neden
olmuş, e-posta, anında mesajlaşma programları ve yazı yazılan platformlarda
aynı anda bir çok kişinin birlikte haberleşebiliyor, düşüncelerini
paylaşabiliyor ya da sohbet edebiliyor olması kullanılan dili farklılaştırmış, düzgün
Türkçe kullanımına önem verilmediği için Türkçe zarar görmüştür. Alfabede
olmayan harfleri mevcut harflerin yerine kullanmak (v yerine w, k yerine q),
bazı harfleri kelimeden atmak (geliyorum yerine geliom), benzer sesli harfleri
birbirinin yerine kullanmak (seviyorum yerine sefiom, canım yerine janem),
cümleyi yarı Türkçe yarı başka bir dil ile kurmak (okeydir abi ben olayı
finişledim geliyorum) bu duruma örnek
verilebilir. Özensizlik, yanlış kullanım, bilinçsiz ve duyarsız kullanımlar, ayrıca
gençler arasında çok yaygın olarak argo kullanımı da dil kirliliğine, dilin
yozlaşmasına neden olmaktadır. (Akkayunlu, Yımaz Soylu, 2010) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Anlaşmamızı, duygu ve düşüncelerimizi ifade etmekte ki en büyük
iletişim aracımız dildir. Dilin bu özelliğinin yanında kültür taşıyıcısı olma,
farklı toplulukları bir arada tutma gibi önemli özellikleri vardır. Bu saydığım
nedenlerden ötürü ki yetişen neslin dilini iyi kullanması ve kendilerini
birbirine bağlayan bu aracın varlığını devam ettirmesi gerekir. </span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;">Bu çalışmada
</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">hayatımızın bu kadar içinde
yer alan sosyal ağların ortaokul öğrencileri üzerindeki etkisini ortaya
çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Yukarıda öneminden bahsettiğimiz “dilin” sınırlandırılması
yapılarak araştırılmaya çalışılacaktır. Bu araştırmaya Gültepe İmam Hatip
Ortaokulu 5 ve 8. Sınıf öğrencilerinin kullandıkları Türkçe: ses özelikleri,
kelime, söz dizimi ve imlâ olmak üzere dört ana düzlemde ele alınacak ve “Sosyal medyanın öğrencilerin kullandıkları
Türkçeye olan etkisi nedir?” sorusunun cevabı araştırılacaktır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;">Yöntem</span></b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Araştırma Modeli ( Deseni):<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Tekil tarama modeli:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Araştırmayı tek değişkene odaklayarak onun
belirli bir andaki veya belirli bir dönemdeki değişimini inceleyen model tekil
tarama modelidir. Bu araştırmada da sosyal ağların 5 ve 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin
kullandığı Türkçeye olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu süreçte öğrencilerin
kullandığı Türkçenin nasıllığı, derslerine giren Türkçe öğretmenlerinin
görüşlerine dayanarak ortaya konulmuş,
Ek1’deki tabloya göre değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zs9MuEonD0g/WUPIDg7jQ8I/AAAAAAAAAXU/2xvvOqJd_14bA9YOKCpkB2tkEO0IbrmeACLcBGAs/s1600/gc.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="561" data-original-width="548" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zs9MuEonD0g/WUPIDg7jQ8I/AAAAAAAAAXU/2xvvOqJd_14bA9YOKCpkB2tkEO0IbrmeACLcBGAs/s1600/gc.png" /></a></div>
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<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Evren ve Örneklem/Çalışma Grubu: <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Bu çalışmada evren tüm 5 ve 8. sınıf
öğrencileridir. Ancak bu çalışmada tüm Türkiye’deki öğrencilere ulaşmak çok
güçtür. Örneklem olarak İstanbul’un Kâğıthane ilçesinde bulunan Gültepe İmam
hatip Ortaokulu seçilmiştir. Bu okulda bulunan on altı sınıf öğrencinin (480
öğrenci) kullandıkları Türkçe örneklem olarak seçilmiştir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Bulgular<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Bu
bölümde Gültepe İmam Hatip Ortaokulu’nda bulunan Türkçe öğretmenlerine
uygulanan “Sosyal Ağlar Türkçe Kullanım Ölçeği”nin sonuçları değerlendirilmiş
ve öğretmenlerin görüşlerinden hareketle öğrencilerin kullandıkları Türkçedeki
hatalar ifade edilmeye çalışılmıştır. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ölçeğimizi
değerlendiren Türkçe öğretmenlerinin ortak görüşü olarak 5 ve 8. sınıf
öğrencilerinin kullandıkları yabancı kelimeler yaş seviyesinin artmasıyla doğru
orantılı olmaktadır. Öğrencilerimiz sosyal ağları etkin bir şekilde
kullanmakta, farklı kültürlerle etkileşim içine girip kullandığı Türkçeye yeni
kelimeler katmaktadır. Genel Ağ ortamında kullanılmaya başlanan bu kelimeler
günlük hayatta da kullanılmaya başlanmakta ve bu değişimlerle öğrencilerimizin
cümle yapısı değişmektedir. Öğretmenlerin görüşlerinden hareketle öğrencilerin
kullandığı Türkçedeki değişimler üç başlık altında incelenmiştir.“ Sık
kullanılan yabancı kelimeler, yanlış kullanılan kelimeler, yanlış kurulan
cümleler.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Sık Kullanılan Yabancı Kelimeler<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.5pt; border: none; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm;">
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="border: none; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Tablo:1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> Yabancı Kelimeler Türkçe
Karşılıkları<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.5pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.5pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 0cm 1.0pt 0cm;">
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="border: none; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">detone olmak</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ses kayması, tonu
bulamama<br />
fenomen</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">görüngü ve olay,
olağanüstü şey, <br />
marjinal</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sıra dışı, uç, uçta<br />
free</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">serbest, bedava<br />
documentry</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">belgesel<br />
<br />
start almak</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">başlamak <br />
center </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">merkez <br />
relax olmak</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">rahatlamak<br />
e-mail </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">e-ileti<br />
komünikasyon </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">iletişim <br />
cv</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">özgeçmiş<br />
okey </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tamam<br />
trend</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eğilim <br />
spontane</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kendiliğinden<br />
link </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">bağlantı <br />
<br />
exit</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">çıkış<br />
check etmek</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kontrol etmek<br />
feedback</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">geribildirim<br />
full-time </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">tam gün<br />
koordinasyon</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eşgüdüm<br />
adapte olmak</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">uyum sağlamak<br />
laptop</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">dizüstü bilgisayar<br />
provoke etmek</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">kışkırtmak<br />
jenerasyon</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nesil, kuşak<br />
<br />
objektif</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">nesnel, tarafsız<br />
star</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">yıldız<br />
perspektif</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">bakış açısı<br />
entegre olmak</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">bütünleşmek<br />
nick name</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">takma ad<br />
partner</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">eş<br />
okeylemek</span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">onaylamak<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #363636; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Tablo:1
incelendiğinde öğrencilerimizin sosyal ağlarda kullandığı en sık kelimeler
belirtilmektedir. Genel Ağ dilinin İngilizce olması ve teknolojik gelişmelerin
gelişmiş ülkelerden başlayarak ülkemize doğru bir yol seyretmesi, kullanılan
terimlerin de yabancı olmasına neden olmaktadır. </span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Yabancı kaynaklı kelimelerin
dilimize girişiyle birlikte bu kelimelere karşılık olan Türkçe kelimelerin kullanımı
azalmaya başlamaktadır. Bu durum zamanla Türkçe kökenli bir kelimenin
unutulmasına yol açmaktadır. Kullanımdan düşen her Türkçe kelime, kültürümüzden
bir parçayı koparıp götürecektir. Çünkü kelimelerimiz deyimlerimizde,
atasözlerimizde, manilerimizde, bilmecelerimizde, türkülerimizde,
şarkılarımızda, şiirlerimizde, destanlarımızda yaşamaktadır. Bir kelimeyi
kaybetmemiz demek, bu kelimenin geçtiği bir deyimi, bir atasözünü, bir
bilmeceyi kaybetmek demektir. Geçmişte yaşanan toplumsal olayları kısa ve özlü
sözlerle anlatan deyimlerimizin, atasözlerimizin kaybolması ise geçmişimizle
bugünümüz arasındaki bağların kopması anlamına gelmektedir. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="color: #363636; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Yanlış
Kullanılan Kelimeler</span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Tablo:2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">___________________________________________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Yanlış Kullanım
Doğru Kullanım<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">___________________________________________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Mrb Merhaba
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Nbr Ne
haber <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Nslsn Nasılsın
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Şmd Şimdi
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ok Oldu
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cnm Canım
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Tmm Tamam
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Grş Görüşürüz
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ewt Evet
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Slm Selam
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Herkez Herkes
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Taxi Taksi
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Bnm Benim
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Msj Mesaj
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sry Üzgünüm
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ynlz Yalnız
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Slm Selam
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Öpt Öptüm<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Kib Kendine
iyi bak<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.5pt; border: none; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm;">
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="border: none; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sa Selamün
Aleyküm<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Tablo:2’de
öğrencilerin sosyal ağlardan hareketle ileti dilinde de sıkça kullandıkları
kelimeler belirtilmiştir. Bunlar, öğrencilerin kolay söyleyiş özelliğinden
hareketle sosyal ağlarda hızlı iletişim kurabilmek amacıyla ürettikleri bir
yazı türüdür. Bu yazı türünde ünlü harflerin kullanılmadığı göze çarpmaktadır.
Sosyal ağların kültürümüze etkisinden kaynaklanan bu etki dilimizin doğru
kullanılmasına ve gelişimine engel olmaktadır. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">3.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Yanlış Kurulan Cümleler<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.5pt; border: none; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm;">
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="border: none; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Tablo:3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Yanlış Cümleler Doğru
Cümlerler<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">___________________________________________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Yhaa cook gzl olmus cnm saol yha!
:D Çok
güzel olmuş canım. Sağ ol. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ayyhh cook gzl olmus yhaa thanks
xD Çok
güzel olmuş, teşekkürler. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ouuff Cok sıkıldımm! Çok
sıkıldım. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ookk Dattluu çıkmışsın yhaa xD Çok
tatlı çıkmışsın. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Wauwww Tskrlr spr almus :P:P:P Teşekkürler,
süper olmuş. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">coook kotu cikmisizz sil bu
fotoyuuu!!! Çok
kötü çıkmışız. Bu fotoğrafı sil. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.5pt; border: none; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;">
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="border: none; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">bu Adam ndn war bu fotodaa! Bu
adam bu fotoğrafta neden var?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="border: none; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Tablo:3
incelendiğinde öğrencilerin cümleleri yanlış kurduğu ve sözcükleri yanlış
kullandığı görülmektedir. Anlamsız kelimelerin yanında Türkçe kurulan
cümlelerde yabancı sözcüklerin kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Harf tekrarlarının
sıkça olduğu ve genellikle kısa cümlelerin tercih edildiği bulgular
arasındadır. Günümüzde sıkça konuşulan kuşak farklılığının en büyük göstergesi
bu tabloda göze çarpmaktadır. Sosyal ağların etkisiyle konuşma dili ile yazı
dili arasında olumsuz anlamda bir değişim ve farklılık göze çarpmaktadır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Tartışma ve Sonuç<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">İnsanoğlunun
en önemli iletişim aracı olan dilin değişim ve gelişim içinde olduğu ve sosyal
ağlar aracılığıyla bu değişim ve gelişimin hat safhalara ulaştığı bu
araştırmada bir kez daha ortaya çıkmıştır. Bizim dilimiz olan Türkçe ise bu
değişimden nasibini almaktadır. Bu araştırmada 5 ve 8. sınıf öğrencileri
üzerinde sosyal ağların Türkçeye olan etkisi inceleme konusu olarak seçilmiş ve
Türkçe öğretmenlerinin görüşlerinden hareketle değerlendirmelere ulaşılmıştır.
Bu değerlendirmelere göre: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Yabancı
kelimeler sıkça kullanılmaktadır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ünlü
harfler kelimelerden atılmaktadır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Türkçe
cümle yapısı kullanılmamaktadır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Anlamsız
söz grupları kullanılmaktadır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Harf
tekrarlarına sıklıkla yer verilmektedir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Noktalama
işaretleri önemsenmemektedir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Büyük
harflerin yazımı hatalı kullanılmaktadır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="01Baslik-Makale" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sonuç
olarak öğrencilerin kullandığı konuşma dili ile yazı dili arasında büyük
farklılıklar vardır. Öğrencilerin Türkçeyi önemsememesi kültürümüzün taşıyıcısı
olan dili yıpratmakta ve yozlaştırmaktadır. Yapılması gereken öğrencilere
sosyal ağların doğru kullanımı hakkında eğitim verilerek dilin önemi kavratılmalıdır.
Bu çalışmalar okul düzeyinde yapılmakla
kalınmamalı bir devlet politikası haline getirilmelidir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b>1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Akkoyunlu, B. ve Soylu, M. Y. (2011). Sosyal
iletişim ağları ve dilin yanlış kullanımı üzerine nitel bir çalışma. <i>İlköğretim Online, 10(2), 441-453.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span>Budak, Y. (2000). Sözcük
Öğretimi ve Sözlüğün İşlevi. Dil Dergisi. S. 92<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span>Özbay, M. Melanlıoğlu, D.
(Haziran 2008).Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi. Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. Cilt:V,
Sayı:I, ss.30-45 Erişim Tarihi: 10
Aralık 2015, http://efdergi.yyu.edu.tr<o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">4.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span>Öktem, A. (2005). Araştırma
Modelleri. Ankara<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">5.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span>Socialbakers(2011). Facebook
statistics turkey.<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b>6.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Yaman, H. Erdoğan, Y. (2007). İnternet Kullanımının Türkçeye
Etkileri. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;">Journal of Language and
Linguistic Studies</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"> Vol.3, No.2 Erişim tarihi: 11 Aralık 2015, </span><a href="http://www.jlls.org/"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;">http://www.jlls.org</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Gültepe İmam Hatip Ortaokulu, İstanbul, Türkiye,<o:p></o:p></div>
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Gültepe İmam Hatip Ortaokulu, İstanbul, Türkiye, <o:p></o:p></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-67667422457046732612017-06-14T10:41:00.001-07:002017-06-14T10:41:07.718-07:00Türkçemizin Enleri<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Pl-R2owkdys/WUFzYdLnytI/AAAAAAAAAXA/-wHKvmthzW0a7lUA8RBRakpHoRI-mjoCQCLcBGAs/s1600/19.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="192" data-original-width="200" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Pl-R2owkdys/WUFzYdLnytI/AAAAAAAAAXA/-wHKvmthzW0a7lUA8RBRakpHoRI-mjoCQCLcBGAs/s1600/19.jpg" /></a></div>
<span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">Türkçemizin Enleri</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">Türkçe konuşmak için önce Türkçeyi öğrenmeli.</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En uzun kelime:</b> muvaffakiyetsizleştiricileştiriveremeyebilecekle ri mizdenmişsinizcesine (70)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En uzun kelime için açıklama:</b></span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">Kötü amaçların güdüldüğü bir öğretmen okulundayız. Yetiştirilen öğretmenlere öğrencileri nasıl muvaffakiyetsizleştirecekleri öğretiliyor. Yani öğretmenler birer muvaffakiyetsizleştirici olarak yetiştiriliyorlar. Fakat öğretmenlerden biri muvaffakiyetsizleştirici olmayı, yani muvaffakiyetsizleştiricileştirilmeyi reddediyor, bu konuda ileri geri konuşuyor. Bütün öğretmenleri kolayca muvaffakiyetsizleştiricileştiriverebileceğini düşünen okul müdürü bu duruma sinirleniyor, ve söz konusu öğretmeni makamına çağırıp ona diyor ki: "Muvaffakiyetsizleştiricileştiriveremeyebile ce kl er imizdenmişsinizcesine laflar ediyormuşsunuz ha? ..."</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>TDK'ndaki en uzun kelime</b>: kuyruksallayangiller (20)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En uzun palindromik kelime</b>: esneyemeyense (13)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Tersten okunduğunda da anlamlı olan en uzun kelime</b>: ıralamamalara, aralamamaları (13)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><b><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /></b><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Art arda çifter çifter en çok harf bulunduran kelime</b>: maatteessüf (4)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><b><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /></b><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En uzun bir sesli bir sessiz giden kelime</b>: mücadelecileşiveremeyebileceğimizin (35)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><b><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /></b><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Harf tekrarı içermeyen en uzun ekli kelime</b>: hüpletiyormuşsanız ve hödükleşmiyorsanız (1</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Harf tekrarı içermeyen en uzun eksiz kelime:</b> konseptüalizm (13)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Sadece bir harfi farklı olan en uzun eksiz kelime çifti</b>: mahrumiyet, mahkumiyet (10)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Alfabemizin ilk 14 harfi ile yazılan en uzun kelime</b>: affedicideki (12) (İsmet Keskinsoy)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Alfabemizin son 14 harfi ile yazılan en uzun kelime</b>: tutuşturtuşumuzunmuş (20)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En uzun kısaltma</b>: İYSSKSİİD (9)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">(İş Yerinde Sağlık, Sağlık Korunması ve Sigorta İle İlgili Danışma (Komitesi).</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><b><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /></b><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En çok anlamı olan kelime</b>: çıkmak (TDK'da 58 anlamı sayılmış)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Aynı kökene sahip olup en çok farklı şekilde kullanılan kelime</b>: hakan, han, kaan, kağan (4)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Farklı köklere sahip olup en çok anlamı olan kelime</b>: karın (4)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">(<b>Dört anlam</b>ı: kar kelimesinin 1.tekil şahıs iyelik hali, karmak fiilinin 2. çoğul şahıs emir hali, karı kelimesinin 2. tekil şahıs iyelik hali, karın kelimesi.)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En çok anlamdaş</b>: tuvalet, ayakyolu, memişhane, apteshane, kenef, hela, yüz numara, kademhane</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Bir harfi en çok içeren kelimeler</b>:</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">alafrangalaştıramayacaklardansalar (13)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">beybabalaşabilen (4)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">seccadecileşecekmişsinizcesine (5)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">çiçekçiymişçesine (4)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">didindirdiklerimizdendir (6)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">gelenekselleştiriveremeyebileceklerdenseler (15)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">gepgergin (3)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">dağdağasızlığa (3)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">hahhah (4)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">sıkıntısızlaştırıcılığınızın (11)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">kişiliksizleştiricileştiriverebileceklerimizden mişsinizcesine (16)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">janjan (2)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">kikirikleşecektik (5)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">tellallaşılabilmeli (7)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">mükemmelleşemememmiş (7)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">anneanneninkininsin (9)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">otokontrolsüzleşiyor (5)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">hötöröf (3)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">muharrirleştirivermişlerdir (7)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">hassasiyetsizleşseymişsin (6)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">şişikleşmişmiş (5)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">tattırttıktan (6)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">unutturuculuğumuzunmuş (10)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">düşündürttürücülüğümüzünmüş (11)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">verevleşivermek (3)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">yayımlayamayayım (5)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">lezzetsizleşemezseniz (5)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Harf Sayıları:</b></span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>2 harften oluşan en uzun kelime</b>: ememememe (9)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>3 harften oluşan en uzun kelime:</b> yamayamamaya, yamayamamama (12)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>4 harften oluşan en uzun kelime</b>: mayalayamamamla (15)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>5 harften oluşan en uzun kelime</b>: mayalayamamalıyım (17)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>İçindeki her harf birden fazla geçen en uzun kelime</b>: serserileşememişlerse (21)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><b><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /></b><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>İçindeki her harf tam ikişer kez geçen en uzun kelime</b>: kükürtatarının (14)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">(kükürtatar: kükürtlü buhar çıkaran ve üzerinde kükürt biriken alan)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>İçindeki bütün harfler ya bir ya da iki kez geçen en uzun kelime</b>: törpüleyemiyormuşsanız</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>İçinde en çok sayıda farklı harf bulunduran kelime</b>: gölcükleştiriyormuşsanız (20)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Sesliler Ve Sessizler</b> :</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Sesli / sessiz oranı en yüksek kelime</b>: aile, iade (3/1)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Sessiz / sesli oranı en yüksek kelime</b>: sfenks, sprint (5/1)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Ardarda en çok sesli</b>: suiistimal, maaile (3)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Ardarda en çok sessiz</b>: angström (5)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Bir seslinin bir kelimede en çok kullanımı (başka sesli yok)</b>: badanalayamayacaklardansalar (12)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Bir sessizin bir kelimede en çok kullanımı (başka sessiz yok)</b>: anneannenin (6)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Sadece birer harfleri farklı olan ve aynı eki taşımayan en çok kelime:</b></span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>3 harfli</b>: ban, can, çan, dan, fan, han, kan, lan, pan, san, şan, tan, van, yan, zan (15)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>4 harfli</b>: kaba, kaça, kafa, kaka, kala, kama, kana, kapa, kara, kasa, kaya, kaza (12)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>5 harfli</b>: kabın, kaçın, kadın, kalın, kapın, karın, kaşın, katın, kayın (9)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">(kabın: kap + tamlayan eki; kapın: kapı + iyelik eki; katın: katmak eylemi 2. çoğul kişi emir kipi.)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>6 harfli</b>: sarmak, sarmal, sarmam, sarman, sarmaş, sarmaz (6)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>7 harfli:</b> çekinik, çekinim, çekinin, çekinip, çekinir, çekiniş, çekiniz (7)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><b><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">En çok anagram:</span></b><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>3 harf</b>: aks, ask, kas, sak (4)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>4 harf</b>: aksı, asık, askı, ıska, kası, kısa, sakı, sıka (</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>5 harf</b>: çakır, çarık, çarkı, çıkar, çıkra, çırak, kaçır, kıraç, arkçı, ırkça (10)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">(Son iki kelimeyi İsmet Keskinsoy gönderdi.)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>6 harf</b>: kelime, ekilme, eklemi, melike, kileme, ekelim, emekli, ekimle, ekmeli, lekemi (10)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>7 harf</b>: akıldır, aklıdır, alırdık, darılık, kaldırı, kalırdı, kıladır, kılardı, lakırdı (9)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Harf sırası:</b></span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Harfleri sıralı olan en uzun kelime</b>: dekorsuz (</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En çok sessiz harfi sıralı olan kelime</b>: bıçaklamanız (7)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Harfleri ters sıralı olan en uzun kelime</b>: Soğdca (6)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En çok sessiz harfi ters sıralı olan kelime</b>: yatırmak (5)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Harfleri sıralı olan en uzun cümle</b>: Aç değil mortuz. (13)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Harfleri ters sıralı olan en uzun cümle</b>: Vur, on mıh feda! (12)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><b><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">Atasözleri ve deyimler:</span></b><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En uzun atasözü</b>: Abdal ata binince bey oldum sanır, şalgam aşa girince yağ oldum sanır. (57)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En kısa atasözü</b>: Aç ayı oynamaz. (12)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En uzun sıfat-deyim</b>: huyu huyuna suyu suyuna uygun (25)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En uzun fiil-deyim</b>: Dimyat'a pirince giderken evdeki bulgurdan olmak (42)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En uzun söz-deyim</b>: Geline oyna demişler, yerim dar demiş; yer göstermişler, yenim dar demiş. (59)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Özel isimler:</b></span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En uzun ad</b>: Abdulmuttalip (13)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En uzun soyad</b>: Kocakethüdaoğullarından (23)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">(Mehmet ~, Balıkesir telefon rehberinden) Hemşerimmiş (:</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En çok ad</b>: Hasan Hüseyin Kerem Uğur Arda (4)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En sık rastlanan ad soyad</b>: Mehmet Yılmaz</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En sık rastlanan aynı ad soyad</b>: Yılmaz Yılmaz</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">(Son iki rekor için kaynak ÖSYM'nin veritabanıdır.)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En uzun il adı</b>: Afyonkarahisar (14)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En uzun ilçe adı</b>: Şereflikoçhisar (15)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>En uzun cadde, sokak adı</b>: Profesör Doktor Muammer Aksoy Caddesi (26)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;">(Ankara-Bahçelievler eski 2. Cadde.)</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Başka bir dilde farklı bir anlamı olan en uzun sözcük:</b></span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Almanca</b>: kalender ( (Almanca'da "takvim")</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Fransızca</b>: piller (6) (Fransızca'da "yağmalamak")</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>İngilizce</b>: deliver (7) (İngilizce'de "dağıtmak")</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>İspanyolca</b>: rey (3) (İspanyolca'da "kral")</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>İtalyanca</b>: usare (5) (İtalyanca'da "kullanmak")</span><br style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;" /><span style="background-color: #e7eaef; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.48px;"><b>Latince</b>: hasta (5) (Latince'de "mızrak")</span>Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-23690399445267459242017-06-13T02:15:00.000-07:002017-06-13T02:16:03.198-07:00Keşfedilen Son Türkçe Yazıtlar Çözüldü!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7JeisPOKmEs/WT-pg3ZWMlI/AAAAAAAAAWw/TmZ2-vfhFsYlUM7wLmw9MId5cruLTwzVACLcB/s1600/WhatsApp-Image-2017-06-12-at-20.24.07.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="479" data-original-width="720" height="424" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7JeisPOKmEs/WT-pg3ZWMlI/AAAAAAAAAWw/TmZ2-vfhFsYlUM7wLmw9MId5cruLTwzVACLcB/s640/WhatsApp-Image-2017-06-12-at-20.24.07.jpeg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;">Delgerhaan’da (Dongoyn Şireen) Bulunan Son Türkçe Yazıtlar Çözüldü</span></h3>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;">2010 yılının ortalarında bulunan keşfedilen ve ancak 2013 ortalarında varlığından haberdar olduğumuz yazıtların çözümü ancak 2015 yılının sonunda yayımlanabildi. 2017 yılı baharında bana ulaşan yazının başlığı şöyledir: Донгойн ширээн дурсгалын гэрэлт хөшөөний бичээсийг анхны удаа уншсан нь (Dongoyn şireen dursgalın gerelt höşööniy biçeesiyg anhnı ulaa unşsan ni). Makale R. MÖNHTULGA ve T. OOSAVA’ya aittir. Gönderdiği makale için sayın MÖNHTULGA’ya minnettarım.<a class="herald-popup-img aligncenter" href="https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-dsd.jpeg" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: #fc6400; display: block; margin: 0px auto 30px; padding-bottom: 2px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;"><img alt="" class="size-full wp-image-8451" data-attachment-id="8451" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="WhatsApp Image dsd" data-large-file="https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-dsd.jpeg?fit=475%2C317" data-medium-file="https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-dsd.jpeg?fit=300%2C200" data-orig-file="https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-dsd.jpeg?fit=475%2C317" data-orig-size="475,317" data-permalink="http://bilimdili.com/toplum/dil/son-turkce-yazitlar-cozuldu/attachment/whatsapp-image-dsd/" height="317" sizes="(max-width: 475px) 100vw, 475px" src="https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-dsd.jpeg?resize=475%2C317" srcset="https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-dsd.jpeg?w=475 475w, https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-dsd.jpeg?resize=300%2C200 300w, https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-dsd.jpeg?resize=414%2C276 414w, https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-dsd.jpeg?resize=470%2C313 470w, https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-dsd.jpeg?resize=130%2C86 130w, https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-dsd.jpeg?resize=187%2C124 187w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;" width="475" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;">35 sayfalık yazı, kısaca yazıtların bulunuş tarihine ve ilk çalışmalara yer verir (21-22. s.). 22-26. sayfalarda runik harflerle metnin tamamına yer verilir. 26-31. sayfalarda metnin harf çevirisi, 31-35. sayfalarda yazı çevirisi, 35-42. sayfalarda Moğolca çevirisi, 42-46. sayfalarda harflerin ve damgaların özellikleri, 46-53. sayfalarda açıklamalar, 53-54. sayfalarda sonuç/yorum ve 54-55. sayfalarda kullanılan kaynaklara yer verilir.</span></div>
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<a class="herald-popup-img aligncenter" href="https://i2.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-2017-06-12-at-20.24.08.jpeg" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: #fc6400; display: block; margin: 0px auto 30px; padding-bottom: 2px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;"><img alt="" class="size-medium wp-image-8450" data-attachment-id="8450" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="WhatsApp Image 2017-06-12 at 20.24.08" data-large-file="https://i2.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-2017-06-12-at-20.24.08.jpeg?fit=720%2C479" data-medium-file="https://i2.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-2017-06-12-at-20.24.08.jpeg?fit=300%2C200" data-orig-file="https://i2.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-2017-06-12-at-20.24.08.jpeg?fit=720%2C479" data-orig-size="720,479" data-permalink="http://bilimdili.com/toplum/dil/son-turkce-yazitlar-cozuldu/attachment/whatsapp-image-2017-06-12-at-20-24-08/" height="200" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" src="https://i2.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-2017-06-12-at-20.24.08.jpeg?resize=300%2C200" srcset="https://i2.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-2017-06-12-at-20.24.08.jpeg?resize=300%2C200 300w, https://i2.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-2017-06-12-at-20.24.08.jpeg?resize=414%2C276 414w, https://i2.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-2017-06-12-at-20.24.08.jpeg?resize=470%2C313 470w, https://i2.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-2017-06-12-at-20.24.08.jpeg?resize=640%2C426 640w, https://i2.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-2017-06-12-at-20.24.08.jpeg?resize=130%2C86 130w, https://i2.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-2017-06-12-at-20.24.08.jpeg?resize=187%2C124 187w, https://i2.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/WhatsApp-Image-2017-06-12-at-20.24.08.jpeg?w=720 720w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;" width="300" /></a></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;">Üç yazıtın toplamında 72 satır, 3857 harf, 1193 kelime vardır. Kullanılan harf çeşidi ise 22’dir, yani bu yazıtta Eski Türk yazısına ait harflerden sadece 22’si kullanılmıştır. Metnin tamamına yakını aynı sözlerin tekrarıdır: … <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">begim e : evim e : evim e : evim e : begim e : evim e : evim e : begim e : begim e : yérim e : evim e : evim e : evim e : yérim e : yérim e : yérim e : yérim e : begim e : begim e : evim e : evim e : begim e : begim e</em> : (1. taş, batı yüzü, 1. satır) “ey beyim, ey evim, (…) ey yurdum, (…) ey beyim”</span></div>
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<figure class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_8448" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: #444444; font-family: "Open Sans"; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px auto 30px; max-width: 100%; position: relative; width: 359px;"><a class="herald-popup-img" href="https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ilk-tas-bati-yuzu.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; display: block; padding-bottom: 2px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;"><img alt="" class=" wp-image-8448" data-attachment-id="8448" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="ilk tas bati yuzu" data-large-file="https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ilk-tas-bati-yuzu.jpg?fit=1024%2C991" data-medium-file="https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ilk-tas-bati-yuzu.jpg?fit=300%2C290" data-orig-file="https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ilk-tas-bati-yuzu.jpg?fit=1921%2C1859" data-orig-size="1921,1859" data-permalink="http://bilimdili.com/toplum/dil/son-turkce-yazitlar-cozuldu/attachment/ilk-tas-bati-yuzu/" height="347" sizes="(max-width: 359px) 100vw, 359px" src="https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ilk-tas-bati-yuzu.jpg?resize=359%2C347" srcset="https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ilk-tas-bati-yuzu.jpg?resize=1024%2C991 1024w, https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ilk-tas-bati-yuzu.jpg?resize=300%2C290 300w, https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ilk-tas-bati-yuzu.jpg?resize=768%2C743 768w, https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ilk-tas-bati-yuzu.jpg?resize=990%2C958 990w, https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ilk-tas-bati-yuzu.jpg?resize=1320%2C1277 1320w, https://i1.wp.com/bilimdili.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ilk-tas-bati-yuzu.jpg?resize=434%2C420 434w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;" width="359" /></a><figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4); bottom: 20px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8); font-size: 12.8px; left: 0px; line-height: 1.6rem; max-width: 30%; min-width: 140px; padding: 10px; position: absolute; transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out; z-index: 600;">Birinci taşın batı yüzü.</figcaption></figure><br />
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;">Birinci taşın neredeyse tamamına yakınında bu sözler tekrarlanır.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;">İkinci taş farklı başlar: <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">üze : teŋrim e</em> :<em style="box-sizing: border-box;"> yağız : yérim e : élim e : yérim e : evim e : begim e : evim e :</em> <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">evim e : işig : vérdim e : begim e : evim e :</em> “ey yukarıdaki göğüm, ey aşağıda yağız (~ kara) toprağım, ey ülkem, ey evim, ey beyim, ey evim, ey evim, ey hizmet ettiğim [ey iş (güç) verdiğim], ey beyim, ey evim”</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;">İkinci taşın ikinci satırı ile üçüncü satırın tamamı aynı şekilde devam eder. Üçüncü taşın çoğunluğu <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">evim e</em> ile devam eder.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;">İkinci taşın ilk satırında <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">üze</em> ile <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">teŋri</em> arasında<em style="box-sizing: border-box;"> kök</em> “mavi” beklenirdi, çünkü <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">yér</em>’den evvel <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">yağız</em> yer alır; bilindiği gibi Kül Tégin ve Bilge Kağan yazıtlarında bu ibare <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">üze kök teŋri X asra yağız yér</em> “yukarıda mavi gök X aşağıda kara toprak” şeklindedir. </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">iş küç bér-</em> deyimi burada <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">küç</em> olmaksızın geçer.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;">İfade tarzıyla bir hayli bilmece içeren yazıtın yakın zamanda ayrıntılı fotoğraflarının yayımlanması dileriz. Makalenin Türkçe çevirisi yakın zamanda yayımlanacaktır. Makale sahiplerine bu ilgi çekici ve mühim yazıtı bize tanıttıkları, transkripsiyonlu metni ve çeviriyi hazırladıkları için minnettarlıklarımız ifade ederiz.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;">(Ayrıca bk. “Delgerhaan’da bulunan yeni yazıtlarla ilgili, Moğolistan Bilim Araştırma Akademisi Arkeoloji Bölümü Araştırmacısı Dr. Ts. BOLORBAATAR ile Söyleşi”, <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Türk Dili,</em> cilt CV, sayı 742, 2013 (Ekim), Ankara, s. 87-90 (Çeviri: Hayat Aras TOKTAŞ). <a href="http://tdk.gov.tr/images/20131023.pdf" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fc6400; padding-bottom: 2px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-bottom 0.15s ease-in;">http://tdk.gov.tr/images/20131023.pdf</a>)</span></div>
Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-81758055501857363432017-06-13T01:54:00.000-07:002017-06-13T01:54:08.840-07:00Yazıtlarda “Türk Sir Budun” İfadesi<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-PBDbxUHshmA/WT-nkkHaV5I/AAAAAAAAAWk/7uDUjT0Q9fg6IpKRnmNxvUu0sgB2OT3bACLcB/s1600/orkhun-39-900x505.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="505" data-original-width="900" height="358" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-PBDbxUHshmA/WT-nkkHaV5I/AAAAAAAAAWk/7uDUjT0Q9fg6IpKRnmNxvUu0sgB2OT3bACLcB/s640/orkhun-39-900x505.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">Yazıtlarda “Türk Sir Budun” İfadesi ve Anlam Görüşleri</span></h3>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">Türk toplulukları töreye bağlılıkları sayesinde her zaman varlıklarını koruyarak yeni devletler kurmuşlardır. Kök Türk Devletinin en büyük özelliklerinden biri bütün Türk boylarını tek bir siyasi hakimiyet dairesi içine alması olarak ifade edilebilir. II. Kök Türk Devleti, 50 yıllık fetret devrinin sonunda Aşina soyunun önderliğinde, birçok boyun birleşmesiyle doğmuştur. Kök Türk Kağanlığı döneminden kalan yazıtlarda boyların birleşimini ifade etmek amacıyla “<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Sir</span>” kullanılmıştır.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">Tonyukuk yazıtında beş kez, <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Bilge Kağan</span> ve<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;"> Kül İç Çor</span> yazıtında birer kez gecen ‘sir’ sözcüğü üzerine halen daha tartışmalar sürmektedir. Sir adının “birleşik” anlamlı bir söz olduğu ileri sürülmektedir. Bilge Kağan kitabesinde bir defa “<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Sir Tukuz-Oğuz</span>”, <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Tonyukuk</span> kitabesinde “<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Türk Sir Budun</span>” olarak beş kez ve Kül İç Çor yazıtında “<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Sir İrkin oglı yigän çor kälti</span>” kullanılan bu ifade hakkında birçok Türklük bilimci tarafından çeşitli açıklamalar getirilmiştir.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Ögel</span>’e göre, Türk Sir Budun ibaresini “Türk Birleşik Milleti” birleşik milleti olarak açıklar. <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Czegledy</span>, Sir’in bir boy adı olduğunu ileri sürer. <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Klyaştornıy</span> Sir’i, Kıpçakların atası olan bir Türk boyunun adı olarak değerlendirir. <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Tekin</span>, Sir’i etnik bir ad olarak ele almaktadır. <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Golden</span>; Köktürklerin doğusunda, Altayların batısında Shih-wei’in doğusunda yerleşmiş Tarduşlara mensup bir boy olduğunu ileri sürer. <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Taşağıl</span>; Türk Sir Budun’un, Oğuz grubu gibi <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Tola Irmağı</span> civarında yaşayan bir Türk topluluğu olduğunu belirtir.<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Clauson</span>; sözcüğün s2 yazılışından dolayı şir biçiminde de okunabileceğini belirterek, bununla ilgili en ikna edici önerinin Aalto tarafından yapılan Soğdça şyr “iyi, güzel” ilişkilendirmesi olduğunu söyler. <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Kafesoğlu</span>, “<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">sir</span>”in “<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">batı</span>” veya “<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">birleşik</span>” anlamına geldiğini düşünür. Ona göre Bizans kaynaklarında geçen (<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">silziboulus</span>) sözcüğü <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">sir+yabgu </span>(“Batı Köktürk Kağanlığı-yabgusu veya birleşik boylar yabgusu”) sözcüğünün Doğu Roma dilinde bozulmuş biçimidir.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">Birçok Türklük bilimci ve araştırmacının şimdiye kadar verdiği manaları ise: iyi, asil, sülale ve birleşik olarak sıralayabiliriz. Bunlar içerisinde en isabetli olanın Türk devlet yapısı ve siyasi teşkilatlanma açısından “<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">birleşik</span>” olduğu fikri ön plandadır.</span></div>
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<b>Saffet Alp Yılmaz - www.bilimdili.com</b></div>
Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-89781193312424246032017-06-10T12:58:00.004-07:002017-06-12T01:38:47.942-07:00TÜRKÇENİN GÜNCEL SORUNLARI<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">TÜRKÇENİN GÜNCEL SORUNLARI</span></b></span></div>
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<div align="center" class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Prof. Dr. Şükrü Halûk Akalın</span></b></span></div>
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<div align="justify" class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Ana dilimiz Türkçe, yeryüzünün en eski ve en geniş coğrafya parçasında konuşulan gelişmiş, zengin bir kültür, bilim ve sanat dilidir. Türkçe en eski, en köklü dillerdendir diyoruz; çünkü bugünkü dillerin çoğu ortada yokken, hatta bugünkü bazı dillerin ataları sayılan diller bile ortada yokken Türkçe vardı.</span></span></div>
<div align="justify" class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Türkçe en geniş coğrafya parçasında konuşuluyor diyoruz; çünkü bugün artık Türk dili sadece Anadolu’da ve Balkanlarda değil, sadece Türkistan’da ve Sibirya’da değil; çalışmak amacıyla Avrupa’ya, Amerika’ya, Avustralya’ya giden vatandaşlarımız sayesinde dünyanın dört bucağında konuşuluyor. Türkçenin lehçeleri dediğimiz çeşitli kolları Balkanlardan Uzak Doğuya kadar geniş coğrafyada yazı ve konuşma dili olarak kullanılıyor. Bütün bu kollara Türk dili ailesi adını veriyoruz.</span></span></div>
<div align="justify" class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Türkçe, bugün Türk dil ailesinin en fazla konuşucuya sahip kollarından biridir. Yaklaşık 70 milyon kişinin konuştuğu Türkiye Türkçesi, sadece Türkiye Cumhuriyeti sınırları içerisinde değil, diğer bölgelerde de konuşulan ve yazılan dillerdendir. 1980’lerin ortalarında UNESCO hazırladığı bir raporda Türkçenin konuşucu bakımından dünyanın beşinci büyük dili olduğunu açıklamıştı. Hiç kuşkusuz, bu raporu hazırlayanlar Türk dilinin bütün kollarını, yani dil ve lehçelerini, bir bütün olarak kabul ederek bu sonuca ulaşmışlardı. Kesin nüfus sayımı sonuçlarına dayanmasa da Türk dilinin çeşitli kollarını konuşan 200 milyonu aşkın insan bulunduğu sanılmaktadır. Ancak UNESCO, daha sonraki yıllarda hazırladığı raporlarda Türk dil ailesini bir bütün kabul etmeyerek, her Türk lehçesini sıralamada ayrı ayrı değerlendirdi. Böylece Türk dilinin sıralamadaki yeri değişti. Bu durum gerçeği değiştiremez. Yaklaşık 12 milyon km<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 8.8px; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">2</span>’lik bir alanda, Türk dilinin birbirine uzak veya yakın lehçeleri konuşulmakta, yazı dili olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bunlar içerisinde Türkiye Türkçesi, güncel birtakım sorunlarına karşılık; kültür, sanat, edebiyat ve bilim dilidir.</span></span></div>
<div align="justify" class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Herhangi bir dilde yazılmış bir romanın Türkçeye çevirisi yapılabiliyorsa, felsefe eserleri Türkçeye çevrilebiliyorsa, Türk yazarlarının eserleri yabancı dillere çevrilebiliyorsa; Türkçe bir kültür, sanat ve edebiyat dilidir. Bilim eserlerinin yazılabildiği, çevrilebildiği, yeni terimlerin türetilebildiği ve her aşamada öğretimin yapılabildiği Türkçe, bir bilim dilidir. Türkçenin bilim dili olmadığı, olamayacağı konusundaki sözler bir iddiadan öte gidemez.</span></span></div>
<div align="justify" class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Türkçe gelişmiş bir dildir diyoruz; çünkü Türkçenin söz varlığı bugün 75.000’e ulaştı. Türk Dil Kurumunun 1945’te çıkardığı birinci baskı Türkçe Sözlük’te 20.000 civarında söz vardı. 1998’de çıkan Türkçe Sözlük’te ise 75.000 söz var. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Türkçe, kavramlar yönünden son derece zengindir:Akrabalık ilişkilerimize verdiğimiz önemin sonucu akrabalık ile ilgili sözler başka hiçbir dilde görülemeyecek kadar fazladır, zengindir. Pek çok dilde bırakınız baldız, görümce, elti gibi sözlerin karşılıklarını, teyze ile halayı ayırt edecek sözler bile yoktur. Renk adlarımız, renklerin en küçük ayrıntısına kadar tonlarını verecek şekilde zengindir: Yavru ağzı, gül kurusu, gök mavisi...</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Peki bu zengin söz varlığından yararlanabiliyor muyuz ?</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Yararlandığımız söylenemez...</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Türkçe Sözlük</span></i><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">’ün son baskısında madde başı olarak 75.000 söz var dedim. Ne yazık ki bu söz varlığından yeterince yararlanmıyoruz. Her toplumda gündelik hayatta kullanılan söz sayısı, o dilin genel söz varlığına göre düşüktür. Ancak, yapılan araştırmalara göre Türkiye’de bu oran çok daha düşük. Sokaktaki insanın söz varlığı elbette onun dünyasına göre olacaktır. Ama kitle iletişim araçlarının söz varlığı daha geniş olmalıdır. Birkaç yüz sözle, en fazla beş yüz altı yüz sözle, haber programları, hatta diziler çekiliyor. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Sözlük kullanma alışkanlığımız da tam olarak gelişmemiş. Sözlere kendimize göre anlamlar yükleyip kullanıyoruz. Bu durum, yalnızca yabancı kaynaklı sözleri değil, Türkçe kökenli sözleri de birbirine karıştırıp yanlış kullanmamıza yol açıyor. Söz gelişi <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">gözaltına almak</i></b> ile <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">gözlem altına almak</i></b> sözlerini yerli yerinde kullanılamıyor. Bu yanlışı kitle iletişim araçları yapınca, yanlış kullanış toplumda hızla yayılıyor. Sözleri yerli yerinde bilerek kullanmak gerekir, anlamı bilinmeyen sözler için mutlaka sözlüğe başvurulmalıdır. Bunun eğitimi ilkokuldan başlayarak yapılmalı. Zaten bu işin temeli de eğitimdir. Okullarımızda Türkçe eğitimi gözden geçirilmeli ve bilişim teknolojilerinden de yararlanılarak düzenlenmelidir. Bu konuda Millî Eğitim Bakanlığımıza büyük görevler düşmektedir.</span></span></div>
<div align="justify" class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Peki Türkçeyi doğru ve güzel olarak kullanıyor muyuz ?</span></span></div>
<div align="justify" class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Ne yazık ki bu soru için de evet diyemeyeceğim...</span></span></div>
<div align="justify" class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Türkçenin kullanımıyla ilgili olarak yaşanan sorunların başında söyleyiş bozuklukları geliyor. Türkçe kökenli sözlerde söyleyiş bozukluğu fazla görülmüyor, ama yabancı kaynaklı alıntı sözlerde söyleyiş bozukluğuna sık rastlıyoruz. Bu yanlışlardan kurtulmak için kullandığımız sözün doğru söyleyişini bilmemiz gerekir. Dilimizde karşılığı bulunan sözlerin Türkçesini kullanmak da bu yanlışlardan kurtulmamızı sağlar. Dilimizde karşılığı olmayan sözleri de kullanırken Türkçede kabul görmüş ve yaygınlaşmış şekilleriyle kullanmalıyız: <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">hâkem</i> değil <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">hakem</i>; <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">râkip</i> değil <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">rakip </i>demeliyiz. Bu yanlışları radyo televizyon sunucuları yapınca yanlışlar hızla yayılıyor.</span></span></div>
<div align="justify" class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Türk Dil Kurumunun yayımladığı <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Türkçe Sözlük</i>’ün 1998 yılında yapılan 9. baskısında bu tür sözlerin söylenişi de verilmiştir. Uzun söylenmesi gereken ünlüler, ince söylenmesi gereken ünlüler belirtilmiştir. Radyo ve televizyon sunucularına, spikerlerine bu konuda büyük görev düşüyor. Sunucular ve spikerler, sözleri doğru biçimlerde söylerlerse, doğru biçimler toplumda daha hızlı olarak yayılır. Özel radyo ve televizyonların yayına başladığı ilk günlerdeki görüntü yavaş yavaş kayboluyor. Artık, spikerler ve sunucular daha özenli konuşuyorlar. Yanlışlardan kaçınıyorlar. Ancak, bu demek değildir ki kitle iletişim araçlarında Türkçe tamamen yanlışsız kullanılıyor. Türkçeyi doğru ve güzel kullanma konusunda duyarlı davrananlar çoğalmaya başladı. Önemli olan bu duyarlılığın, bu bilincin uyanmasıdır.</span></span></div>
<div align="justify" class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Günümüz Türkçesinin en önemli sorunu, yabancı dillerin, özellikle de İngilizcenin, Türkçeyi olumsuz olarak etkilemesi. İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrası Amerikan ve İngiliz kültürleri bütün dünya dillerini etkilemeye başlamıştı. Türkiye’de İngilizce ile öğretime başlandığı 1950’lerde Anglo-Sakson kültürünün yoğun etkisi de kendisini hissettirir. İngilizce sadece Türkçeyi değil, başka dilleri de etkiliyordu. Fransızlar dillerini korumak amacıyla yasa bile çıkardılar. Yabancı dil öğrenme düşüncesi, zamanla yabancı dille öğretime dönüştü ve yaygınlaştı. Çocuklarımıza yabancı dil öğretelim. Hatta çocuklarımız bir değil birkaç yabancı dil bilsinler. Ama yabancı dille öğretim, yanlış bir yol. Yabancı dili yabancı dil dersinde öğretelim. Matematiği, fiziği, kimyayı gençlerimiz ana dillerinde Türkçe olarak öğrensin. İngiliz-Amerikan kültürünün etkisi sadece dilde değil, pek çok alanda kendisini gösterdi. Beslenme alışkanlıklarımızdan, giyime, müziğe kadar pek çok alanda bir etkilenme söz konusu. Ancak, en fazla dikkati çeken de dildeki etkilenme oluyor. Dilimizi olduğu kadar, diğer ulusal değerlerimizi de yaşatmak zorundayız.</span></span></div>
<div align="justify" class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Özenti ile dilimize yabancı sözlerin girişi de arttı. Türkçesi varken yabancı kaynaklı sözleri kullanmak özentiden başka bir şey değildir. Dilimizde karşılığı bulunmayan sözler için de karşılık türetmek gerekir. Türk Dil Kurumu öteden beri bu çalışmayı yürütüyor. Bugün kullandığımız pek çok sözü bu çalışmalara borçluyuz.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1cm; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Yabancı dillerin etkisinin artması, Türkçenin söz varlığını, söz dizimi özelliklerini olumsuz yönde etkiliyor. <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Divan Oteli</i> demek dururken <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Hotel Divan</i>, <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Marmara Oteli</i> demek dururken <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Marmara</i> demek, Türkçenin söz dizimi özelliklerini zorlamaktır. Son zamanlarda bir de çeviri yoluyla anlatım türü ortaya çıktı. Sözler Türkçe, ama anlatım kalıbı yabancı kaynaklı... Doğru olmayan bu kullanışlar da yaygınlaşıyor: <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Çay içmek</i>, <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">kahve içmek</i> yerine <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">çay almak</i>, <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">kahve almak</i>; <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">özür dilerim</i> yerine <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">üzgünüm</i> gibi kullanışlar bunlara sadece birkaç örnek. Türkçenin yapısına ve mantığına aykırı bu yanlışlardan kurtulmamız gerekiyor. Türkçemize son yıllarda Batı dillerinden, özellikle de İngilizceden, bir söz akını olduğu gerçektir. Sözlerin bir bölümü teknolojiyle birlikte geldi. Yeni bulunan ve yeni üretilen aletler, ülkemize gelirken adını da birlikte getirdi: <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">air</i></b>-<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">conditioner</i></b>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">disket</i></b>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">faks</i></b>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">kamera</i></b>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">kompakt disk</i></b>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">monitör</i></b>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">printer</i></b>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">radyo</i></b>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">televizyon</i></b>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">tubeless</i></b>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">video</i></b>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">walkman</i></b>… Dilimizin doğal gelişmesi içerisinde bu aletlerin çok az bir kısmına karşılık bulunabilmişti: <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">buzdolabı</i></b>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">bilgisayar</i></b>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">derin dondurucu</i></b> vb... Buna karşılık yabancı kaynaklı sözlerin dilimize girişi her geçen gün biraz daha artıyordu. Yeni bulunan ve üretilen aletlerin adları girmekle kalmadı, bu aletlerin çeşitli özellikleri, parçaları, kullanıcıları ile ilgili sözler de dilimize girmeye başladı, hatta bu sözlerden fiiller türetildi: <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">air-conditoned</i></b> <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">araba</i>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">kaset</i></b>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">diskjokey </i></b>(kısaltılması <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">de je </i></b>olarak değil,<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </i></b>İngilizcedeki biçimiyle söylendi:<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> dicey</i></b>), <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">videojokey </i></b>(<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">ve je</i></b> değil, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">vicey</i></b> biçiminde söylendi), <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">fakslamak, hardware, software, zapping, zaplamak, zoomlamak</i></b>... Kısa bir süre içerisinde yabancı kaynaklı söz kullanmak bir özenti halini aldı. Günlük hayatta, çarşıda, pazarda, radyoda, televizyonda, basında, okulda, sporda kısacası her yerde yabancı kaynaklı sözler artık bilinçsizce kullanılır oldu.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1cm; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Bu olumsuz duruma karşılık, daha önce söylediğim gibi toplumda Türkçe bilincini uyandırmak ve canlı tutmak zorundayız.</span></span></div>
<div align="justify" class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-indent: 26.95pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Dilimizin zenginleştirilmesi konusunda Türk Dil Kurumu geçmişte olduğu gibi bugün de üzerine düşen görevi yapacaktır. Dilimize girmekte olan yabancı kaynaklı sözlere karşılıklar bulunması, Türkçeyi geliştiren ve zenginleştiren çalışmalardan biridir. Kültürler arası ilişkiler dillerin birbirlerinden etkilenmesi gerçeğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Mesafelerin ortadan kalktığı toplumların birbirine yakınlaştığı çağımızda, bu etkilenme daha büyük boyutlarda olmaktadır. Bu kelimelere Türkçenin kaynaklarından yararlanılarak karşılıklar bulmak ve Türkçe kökenli sözleri kullanmak, bir yandan dilimizin gelişmesine katkıda bulunulurken diğer yandan da teknolojiden, bilimden, ana dilimiz aracılığıyla yararlanmamız sağlanmaktadır.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 26.95pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Türk Dil Kurumu olarak , Atatürk’ün <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">“Ülkesini, yüksek istiklâlini korumasını bilen Türk milleti dilini de yabancı diller boyunduruğundan kurtarmalıdır.” </i>sözünü kendimize ilke edinerek, dilimizi yabancı dillerin boyunduruğundan kurtarma mücadelesini veriyoruz. Türk Dil Kurumu olarak, öteden beri yabancı kaynaklı sözlere karşılıklar buluyor, bu karşılıkları Türk Dili dergisinde yayımlıyoruz. Bu karşılıklara birkaç örnek vermek istiyorum: <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Anchorman</i> </b>karşılığında<b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> ana haber sunucusu; <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">arboretum</i></b> karşılığında <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">ağaç parkı</b>; <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">viyadük</i></b> için <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">köprü yol</b>; <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">eskort</i></b> için <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">koruma aracı</b>; <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">fac-similé</i></b> için <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">belgegeçer</b>, onun kısaltılmış şekli olan <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">faks</i></b> için ise <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">belgeç</b>; <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">reyting</i></b> için <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">değerlendirme</b>; <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">rantiye</i></b> için <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">getirimci; <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">avans</i></b> karşılığında <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">öndelik</b>; <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">boarding card</i></b> için <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">uçuş kartı</b> vb...</span></span></div>
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<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Bu sözler kitap haline de getirilmiştir. <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Yabancı Kelimelere Karşılıklar</i> adındaki kitabın birinci cildi 1995’te, ikinci cildi ise 1998’de yayımlandı. Bu kitapların yayımlanmasından sonra önerilen karşılıklarla birlikte yeni baskısı önümüzdeki ay içerisinde yapılacaktır. Ancak önemli olan, bu sözlerin kamuoyunca benimsenmesi, dilimizin söz varlığı içerisine girmesidir. Burada topluma, özellikle aydın kesime, sanatçılara, yazarlara düşen görevler var. Türk Dil Kurumunun yabancı kaynaklı sözlere bulduğu karşılıkları yazarlarımız sanatçılarımız, sunucularımız benimserse ve kullanırsa, bu sözler toplumda hızla yaygınlaşacaktır. Toplumun benimsediği bir söz artık dilin malı olmuş demektir.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 26.95pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Çalışmalarımız, terimlerin Türkçeleşmesini de içermektedir. Terimlerin Türkçeleştirilmesi demek, Türkçe terimlerle bilim yapmak anlamına gelir. Bu da bir bilim dili olan Türkçenin daha da gelişmesini güçlenmesini sağlayacaktır. Türk Dil Kurumu olarak mühendislik bilim dallarındaki terimlerin Türkçeleştirilmesi ve bütün mühendislik fakültelerinde ortak terimlerle öğretim yapılması konusunda Mühendislik Dekanları Konseyi ile işbirliği içerisinde çalışma yapmaya da başladık. Bu amaçla 26 Nisan 2002 günü Türk Dil Kurumunda düzenlediğimiz Mühendislik Terimleri Bilgi Şölenine üniversitelerimizden yüze yakın bilim adamı tartışmacı olarak katıldı. Bu toplantının sonucunda çalışma grupları oluşturuldu. Her bilim dalında bu tür çalışmalar yapılması, Türkçeyi bilim dili olarak daha da geliştirecektir.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Türkçedeki yabancı öğelerin artmasından, kitle iletişim araçlarında Türkçenin bozuk ve kulak tırmalayıcı bir biçimde kullanılmasından bizler de rahatsızız. Aslında aklı başında herkes, Türkçedeki bu yabancılaşmadan rahatsız.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Dildeki yabancılaşmanın bir başka boyutu, sizin de belirttiğiniz gibi işyerlerine yabancı adlar verilmesi. Bu eğilim ne yazık ki gittikçe yaygınlaştı ve sokaklarımızın, caddelerimizin görüntülerini bozdu. Sokaklarımız bize tanıdık gelmiyor artık... Büyük alışveriş merkezlerinin, büyük mağazaların yabancı adlar kullanmasından sonra mahalle bakkalının, mahalle kasabının da bu akıma kapılarak işyerine yabancı adlar vermesi, bana kendisini ördek sanarak göle dalan civciv masalını anımsattı. <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Rainbow Kasabı</i>, <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Groseri Market</i>, <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Coiffeur Angle</i></b> gibi sizin de sokaklarımızda, caddelerimizde göreceğiniz yüzlerce ad, yabancılaşmanın, kendini inkârın örnekleridir. Bir kasabın dükkânına <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">rainbow</i></b> adını vermesi kadar gülünç, gülünç olduğu kadar da düşündürücü, kahredici başka bir şey yoktur. Bunlar yabancı firmaların temsilciliğini yapanlar, bayii olanlar değildir. Ancak, bu akımın özellikle yabancı firmaların temsilcilikleriyle başladığını da belirtmem gerekir. Son zamanlarda Türkçe veya Türkçeleşmiş adlar işyerlerinde kullanılırken gelenekleşmiş Türk imlâsı yerine yabancı imlâsıyla yazma eğilimi dikkat çekiyor: <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Efendy, Hotel Taxim, Eskidji, Laila,</i> <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Wishne Bar, Neshe, Eskidji</i>, <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Kitapchi</i>, <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Yemish, Kebabchi, Derichi... </i></b>gibi işyeri adları, Osmanlı devletinin son günlerindeki işgal dönemi İstanbul’unu anımsatıyor. Böyle bir şey olabilir mi ? Bunları hangi düşünce ile yapıyorlar anlamak mümkün değil. Bu, Türkçeyi bir İngiliz gibi, bir Amerikalı gibi yazmaktan başka bir şey değildir. Alfabemizdeki Ş, Ç harflerini bizzat Atatürk’ün başkanlığını yaptığı bir kurul belirlemiştir. Bu iş yerleri Atatürk'ün Yazı Devrimine ve 1353 sayılı alfabe yasasına aykırı hareket etmektedirler. Atatürk’ün Yazı Devrimine saygısızlık olarak adlandırılması gereken bu davranışı yapanlar uyarılmalıdır. Ülkemizin mağazalarının, kuruluşlarının adlarının Türkçe olması ve Türk alfabesiyle yazılması esas olmalıdır.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Bunları önlemenin yolu, öncelikle toplumda Türkçe bilincinin uyandırılmasından geçmektedir. Ancak, özellikle işyeri adlarındaki yabancılaşma karşısında yerel yönetimler etkili olabilir. İşyeri açılışı için ruhsat başvurusu sırasında, işyerine yabancı ad vermek isteyenlere belediyeler izin vermeyebilir. Türk Dil Kurumu olarak, bu konuda daha kalıcı ve etkili bir yasal düzenleme için girişimde de bulunduk.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Dilin söz varlığının zenginleştirilmesi, bütün bilim dallarında öğrenim ve araştırmanın sürdürülmesi için dile terimlerin kazandırılması, dildeki gereksiz yabancı öğelerin ayıklanması gereklidir. Bunlar yapıldığında dilde iyileştirme, daha doğru bir söyleyişle, gelişme, zenginleşme yaşanır.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Bilimde, teknolojide yaşanan gelişmeler dile de yansır. Yeni kavramlara, yeni ürünlere dilimizin kaynaklarından yararlanarak karşılık bulmamız gerekir. Türkçe söz köklerinden işlek eklerle yapılan yeni türetmelerle dilin söz varlığı zenginleştirildiği gibi, aynı yolla dile kazandırılacak terimlerle Türkçenin bilim dili olarak gelişmesine katkıda bulunmuş olacağız. Bu yapılmadığı taktirde yabancı sözler, yabancı terimler dile girer. Dildeki gereksiz yabancı öğelerin ayıklanması da gereklidir. Birer özenti alıntısı niteliğinde olan <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">show, konsensus, transformasyon, efor</i></b> gibi sözler Türkçede karşılıkları olmasına rağmen kullanılmaktadır. Öncelikle bu özenti alıntılarının ayıklanması gerekir. Geçmişte de Türkçeye Arapçadan, Farsçadan özenti alıntıları girmişti: Türkçede <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">güneş</i> varken Arapçadan <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">şems</i></b>, Farsçadan <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">hurşid</i></b>, <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">afitab</i></b> sözlerinin girmesi gibi. Üstelik bazı alıntı sözler, dildeki birkaç sözün yerine kullanılmakta, dilde yoksullaşmaya yol açılmaktadır. Türkçede <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">değişim, dönüşüm, kabuk</i> <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">değiştirme</i> gibi ince anlam özelliklerine sahip sözlerimiz varken bunların yerine kullanılan <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">tranformasyon</i></b> dilde yabancılaşmanın yanı sıra söz varlığında yoksullaşmaya da yol açıyor. Üstelik bu sözü kimileri <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">transformeyşın</i></b>, kimileri de <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">transformasyon</i></b> diye söyleyerek ayrılıklar da yaratıyorlar. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Türkçenin şu andaki en önemli sorunu, dildeki yabancı öğelerin artmasıdır. Her dilde yabancı kökenli söz vardır. Hiçbir dil saf değildir. Türkçe de pek çok dile söz vermiş, pek çok dilden söz almıştır. Türkçenin İngilizceye verdiği sözler de vardır. Bunlardan en ilgi çekici olanı son zamanlarda dilimize giren <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">kiosk</i>’</b>tur. Bu söz Türkçeden İngilizceye geçen <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">köşk</i></b> sözüdür. İngilizcede <b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">kiosk</i></b> biçimine dönüşmüş ve bizim sözümüz bu defa farklı bir anlamda karşımıza çıkmıştır. Dildeki yabancı sözlerin bir ölçüsü olmalıdır. Bu ölçü dilin kimliğini bozacak derecede olmamalıdır. Dil gerek duyduğu sözleri, karşılık bulunmaması durumunda yabancı dillerden aynen veya ses değişikliğine uğratarak alır.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">En kötüsü dilin söz dizimi özelliklerinin yabancılaşması, yabancı eklerin dile girmesi, dilin mantığına aykırı kullanışların yaygınlaşmasıdır. Türkçede çokluk eki <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">+lar, +ler</i> varken, İngilizcedeki çokluk eki <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">’s</i>’nin kullanılması, Türkçede <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">+nın, +nin</i> eki varken İngilizcedeki <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">’s</i> ekinin kullanılması, üzerinde dikkatle durulması gereken konudur. İnternette gördüğüm bir ağ sayfasının adresinde ‘okuls’ sözü vardı. Sayfanın hazırlayıcısına bu sözdeki s’nin anlamını sorduğumda bana verdiği yanıtta, sözün <i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">okullar</i> anlamına geldiğini ve İngilizcedeki çokluk ekini ilgi çeksin diye kullandıklarını söylüyordu. Türkçede ‘<i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">article</i>’ olmamasına rağmen, bir otelin adında ‘<i style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.7333px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">the</i>’ biçimini kullanması dile yabancı sözlerin girmesinden daha tehlikelidir. Bunlar dilde olmayan, dilin yapısına uymayan biçimlerin dile sokulmasıdır. Bu, kan grubu B olan bir kişiye A grubundan kan vermek gibi bir şeydir.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1cm; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Dilimizi bekleyen tehlikeye gelince... Üçüncü binyılın henüz başlarındayız... İnsanlığı yeni binyılda nelerin beklediği, geleceğin dünyasının nasıl olacağı, bilimde hangi noktalara ulaşılacağı gibi çeşitli konularda bilim adamları öngörülerde bulunuyorlar. Bu öngörülerden biri de yeryüzündeki dillerle ilgili. Yeni binyılın daha ilk yüzyılı sona ermeden yeryüzündeki pek çok dilin yok olacağı öngörüsünde bulunuluyor. Ürpertici bir öngörü... Bir dilin yok olması demek, bir kültürün, dahası bir ulusun yok olması demektir. Dilini kaybeden bir ulusun bireylerinde genlerin birkaç kuşak daha yaşayacağı, ulusların biyolojik olarak varlıklarını sürdürebileceği ileri sürülebilir. Ulusu oluşturan en önemli öğe dil olduğuna göre dili yeryüzünden silinmiş bir ulusun varlığının da silinmiş olacağı bir gerçektir. Geçmişte bu durumun örnekleri vardır. Ancak, Türkçe için böyle bir tehlike söz konusu değildir. Türk ulusu diline sahip çıktıktan sonra, karamsar olmamak gerekir. Bu bilinç uyandıktan sonra Türkçemizin geleceği konusunda endişeye yer yoktur. Üçüncü binyılda Türkçemizi aydınlık günlerin beklediğine inanıyorum.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(214, 211, 206); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 12.32px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0cm 21.75pt 4.5pt 0cm; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 26.95pt; vertical-align: baseline; widows: 2;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.32px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Ülkemizde Türkçe ile ilgili tek resmî kurum Türk Dil Kurumudur. İmlâ kılavuzları, sözlükler, dil bilgisi kitapları hazırlama görevi yasa ile Türk Dil Kurumuna verilmiştir. Ancak, bu işi yapan bir kurum var diyerek herkesin bir kenara çekilmesi, Türkçenin katledilmesine seyirci kalması mümkün değildir. Türkçe hepimizin en kutsal varlığıdır. Türkçe bizim kimliğimizdir, adımızdır, soyadımızdır, türkümüzdür, şarkımızdır, sevgimizdir. Şairin dediği gibi Türkçe, ses bayrağımızdır. Bayrağımızı koruduğumuz gibi dilimizi de korumalıyız. Biz bu dilimizi atalarımızdan miras aldığımız kadar, gelecek kuşaklardan da ödünç aldık. Ele ele verelim, dilimize sahip çıkalım. Gelecek kuşaklara Türk’e yakışır bir Türkçe bırakalım. </span></span></div>
Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-54748504829996825372017-06-10T10:25:00.000-07:002017-06-12T01:39:04.261-07:00KAYBOLAN SESLERİ / Beşir AYVAZOĞLU<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background-color: #cccccc; color: #333333; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; text-align: center; width: 640px;"><tbody>
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<span style="text-align: left;">KAYBOLAN SESLERİ </span><span style="text-align: left;">/ Beşir AYVAZOĞLU</span></div>
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Haluk Şahin Radikal'deki köşesinde, internet hayatımıza girdi gireli, x ve w harflerinin etrafımızda cirit attığını, artık bu fiilî durumun alfabemizde resmiyet kazanması gerektiğini yazdı. Konuyla ilgili yazarların bir süredir tartıştıkları bu mesele, ister istemez mevcut alfabemizdeki bazı eksikliklerin de gündeme gelmesini sağladı. Taha Akyol da dünkü Milliyet'te, yirmi dokuz harfli alfabemizde yeterli harf bulunmadığı için Türkçenin kaybolan seslerinden söz ediyordu.<br />
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Ünlü (vokal) bakımından çok fakir olan Arap alfabesiyle ünlüsü bol Türkçenin birlikteliği başından beri problemliydi. Şaşırtıcı olan, bu problemi giderme yolunda hemen hiç çalışma yapılmamış olmasıdır. Aynı alfabeyi kullanan öteki halklar, kendi dillerine has sesler için bazı işaretler kullanarak yeni harfler türettikleri halde, atalarımız böyle bir ihtiyaç hissetmemiş, Arapçada bulunmayan p, ç, j ve ñ ünsüzlerini (konsonant) ilâve etmek dışında, ıslahattan kaçınmışlardır. Doğrusu ben bu tuhaf zihin tembelliğini açıklamakta zorlanıyorum.<br />
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1928'de aslında köklü bir zihnî dönüşüm hedeflenerek yapılan harf inkılabının dayandırıldığı en önemli gerekçe budur: Arap alfabesiyle Türkçenin ses yapısı arasındaki kan uyuşmazlığı. Ancak yeni alfabede de aynı şekilde bazı seslerimizin yok sayıldığı nedense hep görmezlikten gelinmiştir. Çok kısa bir sürede hazırlanan ve kabul edilen modern Türk alfabesi, zamanla Türkçedeki bütün sesleri eksiksiz karşılayacak hale getirilmesi gerekirken mevcut şekliyle dokunulmazlık zırhına büründürülmüş ve bu yüzden birçok ses yok olmuştur.<br />
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Yeni alfabe, dilimizdeki Arapça ve Farsça asıllı kelimelerin imlâsında büyük sıkıntılar yarattığı gibi, aslî seslerimizi de tam karşılamıyordu. Mesela, el'i él'den, geç'i géç'ten ayırmamızı sağlayacak kapalı e unutulmuş veya gözden çıkarılmıştı. Aynı şekilde Türkçenin güzel ve zengin seslerinden biri olan deñiz, diñlemek, añlamak gibi kelimelerdeki genizden gelen ñ sesini karşılayacak bir harf de düşünülmemiştir. Bu harfe "onuñ defterini", "seniñ defteriñi" gibi kullanışlardaki ses farklılıklarını belirtmek için de ihtiyaç vardı. Arap alfabesinde kaf ve hı harfleriyle gösterilen sesler de Türkçenin eski ve aslî seslerindendir ve maalesef bugün yok olmuştur.<br />
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Nurullah Ataç, Zeki Velidi Togan, Ömer Asım Aksoy, Necmettin Hacıeminoğlu gibi bazı yazarların ve ilim adamlarının işaret ettikleri bu problemlerin yeterince ve cesaretle tartışıldığı söylenemez*. Esasen, harf inkılabıyla hedeflenen zihnî dönüşüm, öncelikle tartışmayı ve mevcut olan üzerinde sürekli düşünerek mükemmele ulaşmanın yollarını aramayı gerektiriyordu. Halbuki, eskilerin Arap alfabesine giydirdikleri dokunulmazlık ve kutsallık zırhı, Lâtin asıllı yeni Türk alfabesine de giydirilmiştir. Kısacası, alfabe değişmişti; fakat zihniyet kalıpları devam ediyordu.<br />
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Lâtin alfabesine geçen Türk cumhuriyetleri bizim hatalarımızı tekrarlamadılar. Mesela, Azeriler yirmi dokuz harfli alfabemizi olduğu gibi kabul etselerdi, yirmi-otuz yıl sonra, Azeri Türkçesi, kulağımıza musiki gibi gelen o güzel sesleri kaybederek Türkiye Türkçesinin yaşadığı trajik akıbeti yaşardı. Eski İstanbulluların konuştuğu Türkçenin Fransızca gibi son derece âhenkli bir dil olduğunu ayrıca belirtmeye gerek var mı? Yeri gelmişken, Abdülhak Şinasi'den Geçmiş Zaman Fıkraları'ndan bir anekdot nakletmek istiyorum:<br />
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"Paris'te metroda Halid Ziya ile Hamdullah Suphi birbirlerine rastgelmiş, bir hayli konuşmuşlar. Metrodan çıkarken bir Fransız yanlarına gelmiş, mazur görülmesini rica ile, kendisinin dillerin musikisiyle alâkadar olduğunu ve hangi dille konuştuklarını sormuş. Türkçe olduğunu öğrenince, şimdiye kadar bu dili duymak fırsatını bulamadığına müteessir ve şimdi duyduğuna da pek mütehassis olduğunu söylemiş. 'Eğer bu istasyonda inmeseydiniz mahzâ konuşmanızı işitmek için sizi devam edeceğiniz istasyona kadar takip edecektim. Ne eski bir millet olduğunuz anlaşılıyor, zira lisanınız bu âhenkli ve musikili inceliğine ermek için ne uzun zamanların sarf edilmiş olması iktiza eder!' demiş."<br />
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Bugünkü Türkçe, tarih içinde kazandığı bütün incelikleri ve ses zenginliklerini geride bırakmıştır. Artık konuştuğumuz Halid Ziya'ların, Hamdullah Suphi'lerin âhenkli Türkçesi değil, ağzımızda geveleyip kekelediğimiz kakofonik bir Türkçedir. Maalesef!<br />
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Bu "sorun", x'lerle, w'lerle, q'larla halledilebilir mi dersiniz?</div>
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* Nurullah Ataç, Söz Arasında'ki denemelerinden birinde şöyle diyor: "[...] Ne var ki bizim seslerimizi de göstermiyor. Genizden çıkardığımız ñ'yi göstermiyor, eskiden Arap yazısının hı'sıyla gösterdiğimiz sesi göstermiyor, bizim iki türlü e'miz vardır, birini göstermiyor. Buna gönlüm katlanamıyor".</div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-70553222445835930452017-06-10T10:00:00.000-07:002017-06-12T01:39:50.812-07:00Türkçenin Kelimelerle İmtihanı<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Türkçenin Kelimelerle İmtihanı Ayraç Dergisi 7 Kasım 2013 In Makaleler<br />
Osmanlıca- Türkçe Uydurmaca<br />
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Peyami Safa<br />
Ötüken Neşriyat, 286 s.<br />
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Türkçenin tarihî seyriyle, tarih boyunca teşekkül etmiş büyük Türk devletleri arasında fevkalâde bir benzerlik vardır. Türklerin başını çektiği büyük devletlerin her ne kadar zayıflarsa zayıflasın dış güçler tarafından yıkılamadığı; ya dışarıdan başka Türk devletleri tarafından yahut içeriden yürütülen siyaset oyunlarıyla yine Türkler tarafından çökertildiği tarihî bir gerçektir. Aynı şekilde Türk dili de, Türklerin dünyanın dört bir yanına yayılması nedeniyle birçok farklı lehçelere bölünmesine karşın varlığını sürdürmüştür. Hatta yabancı devletlerin lisanları gerek istibdatla kabul ettirilmek istensin, gerek belli bir sahada Türkçenin terminolojisi olmadığı için ağırlığını koymuş olsun, o kelimeleri kendi kalıplarına uydurarak Türkçeleştirmeye muvaffak olmuştur. Bunun en bariz misali, klasik Türk edebiyatı ve tasavvuf edebiyatı ürünleriyle zirveye ulaştığımız Ortaçağ dönemidir. Yani Avrupa’nın karanlık olarak tavsif ettiği ve bize de empoze ettiği yüzyıllar, aslında Türkçenin ve Türk devletinin altın yıllarıydı.<br />
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Türkçenin problemleri olduğunun yaygın biçimde dile getirilmesi ve değişikliğin lüzumlu bulunması, her yenilikçi müdahalenin başlangıcı olan Tanzimat devrinde başlar. Modernleşen yeni dünya her şeyi sistematize ettiği gibi lisanların da genel geçer gramer kaideleri olmasını zorunlu kılmıştır. Türkçe, o zamana kadar yaygın şekilde kullanıldığı hâlde ne olduğunun veya nasıl oluştuğunun araştırılması pek lüzumlu görülmemiştir. Nitekim bu istikamette lügatler ve gramer kitapları yazmak gibi faideli çalışmalar yapanlar olmuştur. Ancak bunun yanında Frenkleşmenin önü alınamadığından, Arapça ve Farsçadan “uyarlanan” kelimeler gibi ihtiyaca binaen değil, tamamen özenmek suretiyle Fransızca kelimeler “birebir” ithal edilmiştir. Sadeleştirme tartışmaları da Meşrutiyet dönemine gelindiğinde iyice alevlenmiştir.<br />
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Millî Mücadele yıllarına gelindiğinde; hem Türkçülük fikrinin neşet etmesi, hem lisan üzerine yapılan münakaşalara bir son verilmek istenmesi, hem de coğrafî sınırları daralmış devlete yakışan bir dil arzu edilmesi neticesinde millî bir dil ihdas edilmek teşebbüsünde bulunulmuştur. Ömer Seyfettin’in liderliğinde yürütülen bu faaliyete “Yeni Lisan Hareketi” verilmiş ve bu hareket, akabinde “Millî Edebiyat” adlı bir mefhumun da oluşmasını sağlamıştır. Hareketin, yeni bil dil inşa edecek oturaklılığa sahip olmamasına rağmen; Arapça ve Farsça terkiplerin –istisnalar hariç- kaldırılması ve o lisanlardan alınan kelimelerin Türkçedeki kullanılışlarına göre değerlendirilmesi, yine bu dillerden alınan ve yerleşmiş ilmî terimlerin kullanılmasına devam edilmesi, dil ve edebiyatın batı ve doğu taklitçiliğinden kurtulması gibi isabetli düsturları olduğunu görürüz.<br />
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Cumhuriyet rejimi ideolojisinin getirilerinden birisi, köklü değişiklikler ile yeni bir millet yaratmaydı. Bunun diğer alanlardaki uygulamaları tartışıladursun, Türk dilinde büyük götürüsü oldu. Araplardan ve Farslardan siyasî ve kültürel kopuşumuzun temellendirilmesi amacıyla, Arapça ve Farsça dillerinden de “arınmak” fikri doğdu. Türklerin kendi telâffuz ve kullanımlarına göre şekillendirdikleri, yani Türkçeleşmiş kelimeler sırf Arapça ve Farsça kökenli diye gelişigüzel olarak atıldı. Tefekkürümüzden kopartılan sözcüklerin yerlerini doldurmak gayesiyle de, öz Türkçe adı verilen, bir kurum tarafından yapay bir dil inşa edildi. Bu dil, Türkçenin gramer kaidelerine riayet etmeksizin, ahengine aldırmaksızın, Türkçe bile olup olmadığı, Moğolca vb. dillerdeki köklerden kelimeler uydurulan bir dildi. 1932’de Türk Dili Tetkik Cemiyeti adıyla kurulan Türk Dil Kurumu önderliğinde bu faaliyetler 1983 yılına kadar bazen hızlanarak, bazen duraklayarak devam ettirildi. Elbette bu dayatma dilin birçok kelimesi kabul görmedi; lâkin Arapça ve Farsça kökenli bir hayli kelimemizi unutmamıza, kelime dağarcığımızın ve onun üzerine bina ettiğimiz düşünce ufkumuzun daralmasına sebep oldu. Hülâsa uydurma çalışmaları büyük oranda başarısızlıkla sonuçlanırken, tasfiye çalışmaları büyük nisbette başarıyla neticelendi.<br />
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Türk dili hususunda Peyami Safa’nın fikirlerini öğrenmeden konuya tam olarak vâkıf olunamayacağını söylesek, herhâlde mübalağa etmiş olmayız. Zira kendisi eserleriyle Türk edebiyatında zirveyi yakalamış nadide muharrirlerdendir. Bunun yanı sıra tıp, felsefe, siyaset, ekonomi, musiki, psikoloji gibi birçok alanda yazacak bilgi seviyesine ulaşabilmiş ender rastlanan mütefekkirlerdendir. Hakkında “en çok eser vermiş yazar” ve “eserlerinde en fazla değişik Türkçe kelime kullanmış yazar” biçiminde ortaya atılan iddialar bile bu konuda onun ne dediğine kulak vermemizi gerektirir.<br />
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Türk dili üzerine fazlaca kafa yormuş olan Safa, dil hakkında yazdıklarının kendi tabiriyle uç uça eklendiği takdirde İstanbul-Ankara demiryolu mesafesi kadar uzun olduğunu ifade eder. Ekseriyetle köşe yazıları halinde gazetelerde yayımladığı, Türk Diline ait meseleler üzerine yazdıklarından mühim bir seçki olarak niteleyebileceğimiz Osmanlıca, Türkçe, Uydurmaca adlı kitabı üzerinden hem okumayanlar için kitabın tanıtılması, hem de kitabı okuyanlara farklı bir bakış açısı sunmak maksadıyla Safa’nın Türk dili hakkındaki fikirlerini mümkün mertebe özet olarak vermeye çalışacağım.<br />
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Kitaba bir bütün olarak baktığımızda Türk dilinin genel yapısından tutun da, sadeleştirme adı altında yapılan taarruzlar, dilin güncel problemleri, kelimeler arasındaki nüanslara kadar çok geniş bir çerçevede kaleme alınmış yazılar mevcut. Yayımlandığı gazetenin ve tarihin tek tek verildiği yazılar, “Arap ve Latin Harfleri”, “Türkçenin Hastalıkları”, “Okullarda Türkçe Felâketi”, “Dilimizin Fakirliği” gibi bugün dahi muzdarip olduğumuz problemler hakkında reçete sunabilecek başlıklardan oluşuyor. Hatta herhangi bir kelime ihtilâfı, kafa karışıklığı nedeniyle veya tenkit amacıyla gazeteye gönderilen okuyucu mektuplarına bile teferruatlı olarak cevap verildiğini gördüğümüz birçok yazı da var.<br />
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Peyami Safa, Cumhuriyet öncesi sadeleştirme hareketlerine karşı cephe almıştır. Çünkü ona göre “Lisan için fikir feda edilmez.” Dolayısıyla konuşma diliyle yazı dilini birleştirmek manasızdır. İhtisas derinleştikçe yazı dili ile konuşma dili arasındaki fark doğal olarak büyür. Ayrıca konuşma dili müşterek, ilim dili ise öznel olduğu için ilim dili hassasiyet (precision) isteyen bir niteliğe sahiptir. Cumhuriyetten sonraki tasfiye çalışmalarına ise tümden karşıdır ve her fırsatta bir kelimenin Arapça ve Farsça kökenli olsa da Türkçe olabileceğini, onları atmakla düşünce ufkumuzda büyük yıkım gerçekleşeceğini dile getirir. Unutulan kelimeler yüzünden oluşan kültür kopukluklarından dem vurur. “Yeryüzünde, bu kadar mutlak bir eleme prensibine göre dilini tasfiye etmiş bir millet yoktur. Olsaydı, İngiltere’de Shakespeare’den Elliot’a, Fransa’da Ronsard’dan Valery’ye, Balzac’dan Proust’a, İtalya’da Dante’den Pappini’ye ve daha eskilerden daha yenilere kadar hiçbir büyük romancı ve şair çıkmaz, edebiyattan eser kalmaz, bu dapdaracık bir millî vokabüler içinde taş devrinin iptidaî ifade vasıtalarını kullanırlardı”1 diyerek ne kadar saçma bir iş peşinde koştuğumuzu milletler arası mukayese ile ortaya koyar. Gençliğin kendi dilinden ve kültüründen koparıldığından yakınarak başka bir yerde şöyle der, “Namık Kemal, Namık Kemal, Namık Kemal diye dilimize doladığımız şairin bir tek manzumesini gençlik anlayamaz. Hamid’i, Recaizade Ekrem’i, Ziya Paşa’yı, Fikret’i, Haşim’i, Yahya Kemal’i de anlayamaz. Fuzuli’yi, Nedim’i, Baki’yi hiç anlayamaz.”2<br />
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Yabancı kelimelerin dilimize girmesinin son derece tabii olduğunu, bunun diğer dillerde de sıklıkla gerçekleştiğini savunur. Çünkü dili bozan yabancı kelime değil, yabancı kaide almaktır. “İngilizcede binlerce Fransızca kelime olduğu gibi Fransızca ve Almancada da yabancı kelimeler pek çoktur. Saf ve katıksız dil olmayacağına göre bu ihtilât bir dilin tekâmül şartlarından biridir”3 diyerek asıl meselenin alınan kelime sayısında değil, alınan kelimeyi millîleştirmekte bittiğini vurgular. Bittabi her alınan kelimeyi de kendi malımız haline getirmeden lügate dâhil etmemek gerektiğini düşünür. Bu minvalde yabancı kelimeleri tümden reddeden “dil donkişotlarına” karşı çıkarken, diğer yandan yabancı kelime hayranı olan ve dilimize sokmak isteyen “züppelere” de karşı durur. Bu yabancı kelime özentiliğinin sadece mağaza ve dükkan tabelalarında kalmadığına dikkat çeker ve, “Dilimizin özlüğünü kaybetmesi felâketi, karşılığı bugünkü Türkçede bulunan yabancı kelimeler kabul edildiği zaman başlar. ‘Takım’ manasına gelen ‘ekip’ kelimesi bunlardandır. ‘Başkan’ yerine ‘şef’, ‘daire başkanı’ yerine ‘büro şefi’, ‘bölge’ ‘bölüm’ ‘saha’ veya ‘alan’ yerine ‘sektör’, ‘yatırım’ yerine ‘envestisman’, ‘sermayelendirmek’ veya ‘para yardımı’ yerine ‘finansman’ kelimeleri de bunlardandır.”3 diyerek örnekleriyle beraber iddiasını savunur.<br />
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Terim meselesinde sorunun eğitim sisteminin sistem yoksunluğundan kaynaklandığını düşünen Safa, ıstılahların öz Türkçe mi yoksa Yunan ve Latin’den alınacak kelimelerle mi kurulacağı hususunda ikiliklerden kurtulmak gerektiğini söyler. Meselâ bir çocuk liseye kadar uydurma terimlerle eğitim alırken üniversitede birdenbire Yunan ve Latin’den alınan ıstılahları görerek bocalar. Ona göre çözüm diğer bütün Avrupa ülkeleri gibi Latin ve Yunan köklerini almaktan geçer. Çünkü yine ona göre biz bir garb milletiyizdir. Terim meselesinde Safa’nın haddinden fazla “Batıcı” olduğu aşikârdır. Başka bir yerde asla Batı milletleri sayılmayacağımızı ve Doğu’dan kopamayacağımızı dile getiren Safa başka yerde bizi tamamen Batılı bir millet saydığı vakidir. Hayatının tümünü göz önüne aldığımızda, çelişkili sayılabilecek birçok fikri olan Safa’nın, dil üzerindeki bunca oturaklı fikirlerinin içinde şöyle bir ifadeyle karşılaşmaya pek de şaşırmamak lâzımdır, “Son bir düğüm: Istılah mı terim mi? Cevap: Terim. Çünkü Latincesi Terminus, Almancası …”4 Ne yazık ki ıstılahlar konusunda Peyami Safa da ‘Nisaiye’yi Jinekolog, ‘tenkid’i kritik yaparak Batılılaşacağımızı düşünenlerden.<br />
<br />
Milletin kültür damarını bir neşterle bölen Harf devriminin neticeleri, zamanında büyük yaralar açtığı gibi günümüzde de halen telâfisi için çabalanan gedikler açmış. Başlarda devrime karşı çıkan Safa bilahare geri dönülemez bir adım atıldığının farkı varıp, zararın neresinden dönsek kârdır mantığıyla Edebiyat fakültelerinde nasıl öğretiliyorsa, liselerde de eski harflerin öğretilmesi taraftarıdır. Kanunun bu harflerle okumayı değil, sadece yazmayı yasak ettiğini öne sürerek bu fikrinde herhangi bir sakınca olmadığını da ilâve etmiştir. Bu konuda, “Arap harfi bilmeyen bir genç için Türk tarihinde ve Türk edebiyatında orta seviyeyi bulacak kadar derinleşmek imkânsız. Bu genç; Naima’yı, Peçevi’yi, Cevdet Paşa’yı okuyamaz. Bunun gibi el yazması, taş basması veya matbu 45 bin eserden hiçbirini okuyamaz. Koca Divan edebiyatı onun için bir mektep kitabına veya bir antolojiye alınmış mostralık birkaç manzumeden başka bir şey değildir.”5 Peyami Safa,samimi bir gayretten ziyade muhafazakârlaşma rüzgârlarıyla da olsa son yıllarda Osmanlı Türkçesi kurslarının yaygınlaştığını ve ilginin arttığı görse herhâlde sevinirdi.<br />
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Öz Türkçe hususuna baştan beri karşı durduğu için Türk Dil Kurumu’ndan da uzaklaştırılan Safa, öz bir dil olmadığı için Türkçenin de özü olmayacağını daima müdafaa etmiştir. Ayrıca bu temelsiz iddia ortaya konacaksa bile öncelikle ihtisas dergilerinde konulmalı, gazeteler aracılığıyla ispatlanmadan pratiğe geçilmemesi gerektiğini dile getirmiştir. Yine kitapta da geçen birçok köşe yazısında, öz Türkçe namıyla uydurulan birçok kelimenin etimolojiye ve gramere aykırı olduğunu tesbit etmiştir. Lisanın yapısı açısından hezimet olarak tanımlanabilecek bu uydurma teşebbüsünün, diğer taraftan gülünç, daha doğrusu trajikomik bir cephesi de vardır. Meselâ halk bilet yerine girimlik, bahane yerine nedensi kelimelerini garipsemiş ve kabul etmemiştir. Bir yazısında, “Bir öz Türkçeci yazar ‘Doğanın tin üzerinde olumlu etkileri’ diye başlayan bir makale yazarsa, okuyucu evvelâ şaşırır, sonra kızar ve gazeteyi elinden bırakır. Çünkü cümlenin şu manasını anlamaz: Tabiatın ruh üzerinde müsbet tesirleri.” öz Türkçeci bir yazarın halka ne kadar uzak kaldığını örnekler. Sonra doğa kelimesinin tamamen uydurma olduğunu vs. izah eder. Gelgelelim bugünün gazete okuyucusunun birinci verdiği cümleyi ikinci cümleden daha iyi anlayacak kadar yozlaştığını görecek kadar ömrü vefa etmemiştir.<br />
<br />
Okuyucu mektuplarına ve muhtelif yazarlara karşı yönelttiği tenkidler ışığında hassaten kelimelerle alâkalı yazıları benim en büyük zevkle okuduğum yazılarıdır. Faruk Kadri Timurtaş ve Mehmed Kaplan gibi Türk dili ve edebiyatı sahasının önemli akademisyenleriyle dahi girdiği kalem münakaşaları, bu hususta ne denli bilgili olduğunu kanıtlar. Meselâ bir yazısında, “Edebiyat Fakültesinden bir üniversiteli ‘kuşak’ kelimesinin ‘nesil’ kelimesi yerine kullanılmasının doğru olup olmadığını soruyor”6 dedikten sonra dil üzerine olan teorilerden bahseder, iki kelimeyi de açıklar ve “kuşak” kelimesinin somut olduğunu, köylü ağzında basit bir anlamı olduğunu köylü dilinden ilim yapılamayacağını anlatır.<br />
<br />
Türk dili üzerinde ciddi fikirleri olan Peyami Safa’nın görüşlerini bir araya getiren kitap, dil meselesinin esasında hiç de hafife alınacak bir mesele olmadığını idrak edip bir dil şuuru oluşmasına katkı sağlıyor. Dilin düşünce dünyasına ne denli tesir ettiğini, dil ve kelimeler üzerine düşünmenin ne kadar yararlı olacağının öğrenilmesinde de büyük rol oynuyor. Yine tasfiye çalışmalarının dilimize ne ölçüde zarar verdiğini misaller vasıtasıyla tesbit edip, daraltılmış kelime haznemizi geliştirmek için teşvik edici bir faidesi de var. En azından insan “Nedir bu Türkçe’nin kelimelerden çektiği!” tarzında empati eksenli veya “Türkçeyi katleden yine biz Türklermişiz!” gibi özeşleştiri menşeli fikirler üretebilir.<br />
<br />
Son olarak eklememiz gerekirse; mezkûr kitapta ve bu yazıda hacimce ağırlığı olan sadeleştirme mevzusunu ta 1911 senesinde, tasfiye münakaşaları kızışmışken, Tüccarzade İbrahim Hilmi çok güzel ifade etmiş, fakat belli ki kulak asan olmamış: “Lisanın tasfiyesini zamana bırakmalı imiş. Zaman her şeyi tabiî olarak halledermiş… Âlâ, o halde çalışmaya, şikâyâta, bir şeyin muhtac-ı tadîl ve ıslah olduğunu iddiaya hâcet yok. Mademki zamanı değil, her teşebbüs akimdir.”7<br />
<br />
Referanslar<br />
1 Dil Sıkıntısı, 1/8/1954 Türk Düşüncesi, a.g.e<br />
2 Acıklı Problem, 18/12/1956 Milliyet, a.g.e<br />
3 Yabancı Kelime Suiistimali, 13/9/1958 Milliyet, a.g.e<br />
4 Gene Terim Bahsi, 16/12/1939 Cumhuriyet, a.g.e<br />
5 Arap Harfleri, 24/1/1940 Cumhuriyet, a.g.e<br />
6 Nesil mi Kuşak mı?, 12/1/1960 Tercüman, a.g.e<br />
7 Tüccarzade İbrahim Hilmi, Tasfiye-i Lisana Muhtaç mıyız?, 1327 İstanbul, Matbaa-i HayriyeYunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-31159649171712382412017-06-10T09:28:00.001-07:002017-06-10T13:24:53.122-07:00 5, 6, 7 ve 8. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitaplarında Göç Olgusu<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">5,
6, 7 ve 8. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitaplarında Göç Olgusu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Yunus
YENİÇERİ<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/samsung-/Desktop/Masa%C3%BCst%C3%BC/Yunus%20T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e%202015-2016/y%C3%BCksek%20lisans/%C3%87ocuk%20Edebiyat%C4%B1nda%20Metin%20%C4%B0ncelemeleri/5,6,7,8.%20S%C4%B1n%C4%B1f%20T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e%20Ders%20Kitaplar%C4%B1nda%20G%C3%B6%C3%A7%20Olgusu.docx#_ftn1" title="">[*]</a></span></b></span><a href="file:///C:/Users/samsung-/Desktop/Masa%C3%BCst%C3%BC/Yunus%20T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e%202015-2016/y%C3%BCksek%20lisans/%C3%87ocuk%20Edebiyat%C4%B1nda%20Metin%20%C4%B0ncelemeleri/5,6,7,8.%20S%C4%B1n%C4%B1f%20T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e%20Ders%20Kitaplar%C4%B1nda%20G%C3%B6%C3%A7%20Olgusu.docx#_ftn1" title=""><!--[endif]--></a></span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Özet<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Tarih boyunca savaşlara, salgın hastalıklara, ekonomik sıkıntılara,
doğal afetlere şahit olan insanoğlu, bu olumsuz koşullara karşı çözüm yolu
olarak gördüğü göç olgusunu tercih etmek zorunda kalmıştır. Bireysel ve
toplumsal olarak refah içinde yaşama arzusunu karşılamak adına göç eden
toplumlar göçün sosyokültürel etkilerinin yanında ekonomik sıkıntılarını da
yaşamış ve göç ettiği ülke toplumlarına da bunu psikolojik olarak hissettirmiştir.
Geçmiş yıllarda ekonomik kaygılar nedeniyle tercih edilen göç, günümüzde savaş
bölgelerinden kaçan milyonlarca insanın ülkemizde mülteci durumunda yaşamasına
neden olmuştur. Milyonlarca mültecinin yaşadığı bir toplumda edebi metinlerin
bundan etkilenmemesi ve göçü konu edinmemesi düşünülemez. Bu incelemede ise
ülkemizde MEB tarafından hâlihazırda okutulan 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıf Türkçe ders
kitaplarında yer alan göç olgusu tematik inceleme tekniği doğrultusunda
incelenmiş ve ifade edilen değerler analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışma
neticesinde varılan değerler, değerlerin işlenişi ve bu değerlere karşı olması
gereken duyarlılık aktarılmış ve ders kitaplarında göç olgusunun bulunması
gereken yeri tavsiye edilmiştir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <b><i>Anahtar Kelimeler: </i></b>Göç,
Kitap, Türkçe Dersi, Ortaokul, Mülteci<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The Migration Phenomenon In 5, 6, 7, and 8.
Classes Turkish Books<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Summary<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Throughout the history, mankind who
witnessed wars, epidemic diseases, economic problems, natural disasters has
been forced to choose migration phenomenon seen as a remedy against these
adverse conditions. So as to meet the desire of living in prosperity individually
and socially, migrating communities have faced economic problems besides the
socio-cultural impact and they made them feel this psychologically too.
Migration which was preferred because of economic concerns in the past years,
has caused millions of people escaping from the war zones to live as a refugees
in our country nowadays. In a community where a great many refugees live, it is
really hard to think the literary texts' of that society not to be affected
from this situation and taken the matter in these texts. In 5,6,7 and 8 Turkish
books the migration phenomenon has been examined with the help of thematic
analysis technique and the expressed values have been tried to analyze. As a
result of this study; obtained values, the processing values, the sensitivity
to the values have been expressed and it has been recommended the place of
migration phenomenon where it should be in the textbooks.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<pre><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><b><i><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Keywords:</span></i></b><b><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Migration, Book, Turkish Lesson, Middle School, Refugee</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Giriş<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: TR; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Edebi metinler insanoğlunun yaşamından
bağımsız kurgulanamaz. Savaş, göç,
salgın hastalıklar, popülarite, siyaset gibi kavramlar insanoğlunun yaşamında
önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. İnsanoğlunun kaderini oluşturan bu gerçekleri edebi
metinler idealize edilmiş bir bakış açısı ile yansıtmakta ve insanoğluna adeta
yol gösterici bir rol oynamaktadır.
Çocuk edebiyatında kurgulanan edebi metinler de bu gerçekten bağımsız
değillerdir. Dönemin olgularından hareketle beslenen çocuk edebiyatı metinleri
çocukların yaş seviyelerine uygun bir dil anlayışıyla çocuklara rehberlik
etmektedir. Bu çalışmada ise son yüzyılın en büyük olgusu olan göç ele alınmış
ve göç kavramının çocuk edebiyatının en önemli metinleri olan ders
kitaplarındaki yeri araştırma konusu olarak seçilmiştir. Ülkemizin milyonlarca
mülteciyi barındırdığı gerçeğinden hareketle, bu çalışmanın önemi ders
kitaplarındaki göç olgusunun ortaya çıkması bakımından çok önemlidir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Bireyin veya toplulukların, coğrafik
anlamda yer değiştirme eylemi göç olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Göç olgusunun
yüzyıllardan beri süregelmiş varlığı içerisinde yer değiştirme eylemlerini
görmek mümkündür. Ancak yer değiştirme hareketini kabul etmekle beraber, göç
olgusunun geçen zaman içerisinde gelişip farklı anlamlar, farklı nitelikler
kazandığı ve çeşitli kavramlar ürettiği aşikârdır. (Özdemir, 2008:1) Fichter’in(1990) belirlemesi ile bireyin
tercihi dikkate alınarak göçleri “gönüllü göçler” ve “zorunlu göçler” olarak
iki gruba ayırmak mümkündür. Gönüllü göç, insanların kendi istekleri ve
beklentileri doğrultusunda, bir kentten diğerine ya da bölgeye olan yer
değiştirmelerdir Gönüllü göçün özelliği bireyin isteğine bağlı olmasıdır; fakat
bu isteği yaratan, genellikle göç edilen yerdeki ekonomik ve sosyal koşulların
zorlamasıdır. Zorunlu göç ise, bireylerin özgün yaşam alanından (habitatından)
zorunlu ve elinde olmayan nedenlerle kopmak durumunda bırakılmasıdır Başka bir
deyişle zorunlu göç, bireylerin iradesi dışında çeşitli kuvvetlerin etkisi ve
zorlaması sonucunda gerçekleşmektedir. (Erkan, Erdoğdu, 2006: 82) Göç her ne kadar gönüllü olarak, ekonomik
sebeplerle gerçekleştirilmiş olsa bile bu çocuk için zorunlu ve zorlu bir
deneyimdir. Çocuk göç ettiği yerde oyun arkadaşlarını, öğretmenlerini,
dolaştığı sokakları bırakmak durumunda kalır ve yeni gittiği yerde yeni
arkadaşlar, yeni öğretmenler, yeni mekânlara alışmalıdır. Bu yetişkinler için
bile zor bir mesele iken, çocuklar için içinden çıkılmaz bir hal almaktadır. Yapılan
birçok araştırma göçün çocuklar üzerindeki etkisinin ailenin göçe yüklediği
anlamdan bağımsız alınamayacağını, ailenin göç hakkındaki tutumunun,
sosyoekonomik özelliklerinin, eğitim durumunun, göçe ilişkin ekonomik, politik,
sosyal etkenler gibi faktörlerin çocuklar üzerinde etkili olduğunu belirtmiş ve
çocukların göçten etkilenme durumlarının geniş bir sosyokültürel ve ekonomik
bağlamda ele alınması gerektiğini vurgulamışlardır. (Sarı,2016) Yetişkinlere
nazaran çocukların bünyeleri daha zayıftır. Sosyokültürel ve psikolojik açının
dışında göç olgusu çocuk sağlığını da olumsuz bir şekilde etkilemektedir. Bu
konuda yapılan araştırmalara göre: “Türkiye’de çocuk ölümlülüğü örüntüsü, göçmen-göçmen
olmayan ekseninde belirgin bir farklılaşma sergilemektedir. Kırdan kente göç
eden kadınların çocuklarının hayatta kalma ihtimalleri, kırda yaşayan
kadınların çocuklarına oranla belirgin bir iyileşme gösterirken, kentte yaşayan
kadınlarla mukayese edildiğinde dezavantajlı bir konuma sahip oldukları
görülmektedir.”(Tezcan,Eryurt,2006:25) Göçe neden olan olaylar insanoğlunu
refah içinde, güvenli bir yaşam sürme isteğini hep kamçılamış ve bu uğurda
canını tehlikeye atmaktan çekinmez hale getirmiştir. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 203.85pt;" valign="top" width="272"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1970<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1990<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2000<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 66.05pt;" valign="top" width="88"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2010<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 203.85pt;" valign="top" width="272"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Dünya<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">84<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">156<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">178<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 66.05pt;" valign="top" width="88"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">214<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 203.85pt;" valign="top" width="272"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gelişmiş Ülkeler<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">43<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">82<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">104<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 66.05pt;" valign="top" width="88"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">128<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 203.85pt;" valign="top" width="272"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">41<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">73<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">74<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 66.05pt;" valign="top" width="88"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">86<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 203.85pt;" valign="top" width="272"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Az Gelişmiş Ülkeler<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">41<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">73<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">74<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 66.05pt;" valign="top" width="88"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">87<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <b>Tablo 1 :
Yıllar İtibari İle Uluslararası Göçmen Sayıları(milyon)<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Kaynak: Bakırtaş,2012:242 <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Son yıllarda bu
gibi olumsuz durumların ortaya çıkması yapılan araştırmalar sonucu olmayıp
insanların bizzat görerek şahit olması ile sonuçlanmaktadır. Bu tehlikeli
süreçler yetişkinlerden ziyade aileye bağımlı olan çocukları etkilemiş ve
onlarda derin tahribatlara yol açmıştır. Bodrum'da, 2
Eylül 2015'te Yunanistan'a geçmek isterken bindikleri lastik botun batması
sonucu Suriyeli 3 yaşındaki Aylan Kurdi'nin sahile vuran cansız bedeni
bize bu tahribatın ne gibi vahim sonuçlar doğuracağını açıkça göstermektedir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Göç problemi ve mülteci olma sorunu
sadece faili etkilemekle kalmamakta, göç alan ülkede yaşayan toplumları da
etkilemektedir. “Asya ile Avrupa arasında köprü konumunda olan Türkiye, Kuzey
Afrika, Ortadoğu ve yakın Asya ülkelerinden AB ülkelerine kaçak olarak göç
etmek isteyenler için vazgeçilmez bir durak olup aynı zamanda göç edenlerin
yerleştiği de bir ülkedir. Diğer bir ifade ile düzensiz göçmenlerin (irregular
migrants) bir kısmı Türkiye'yi transit ülke olarak kullanırken diğer bir kısmı
ise kaçak işçi olarak çalışıp hedef ülke olarak kullanmaktadır. Bunun bir
sonucu olarak 20. yüzyılın ortalarından bu yana kendi vatandaşları yurtdışına
göç eden bir ülke olan Türkiye artık başka ülke vatandaşlarının göç ettiği ve
çalıştığı bir ülke olmaya başlamıştır. Bu duruma bağlı olarak yaşanan insan
hareketliliğinin Türkiye’de siyasi, ekonomik ve sosyo-kültürel etkileri ortaya
çıkmaktadır.” (Taşkın,2014:184) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Ülkemizi ekonomik, sosyokültürel, siyasi
ve psikolojik yönden etkileyen bir göç olgusunun, mülteci krizinin varlığı
aşikârdır. Bu çalışmada ise çocuk edebiyatı metinlerinde bulunması gereken
tematik özellikler dikkate alınmış ve “ Çocukların yüreklerinde ve
belleklerinde sevgi, dostluk ve barış anlayışının gelişmesine katkı sağlamak;
çocuklara sevgi çalışkanlık, doğruluk, adalet, yardımseverlik, şefkat gibi
evrensel ve ahlaki değerleri işlemek. (Şimşek, 2011 :97)” bağlamında 5,6,7 ve 8.
Sınıf Türkçe ders kitapları göç olgusu bakımından analiz edilmiştir. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Ders
Kitaplarında Göç Olgusu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Göç olgusu
bakımından tematik anlayışla incelenen Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Türkçe öğretimi
programı doğrultusunda hazırlanmış olan Türkçe ders kitapları aşağıdaki tabloda
yayınevleri ile belirtilmiştir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 19.6pt;" valign="top" width="26"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 262.25pt;" valign="top" width="350"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">İlköğretim İkinci Kademe Türkçe Ders Kitapları<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Yayınevi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 19.6pt;" valign="top" width="26"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 262.25pt;" valign="top" width="350"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitabı<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span class="progress-description">Cem Veb Ofset</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 19.6pt;" valign="top" width="26"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 262.25pt;" valign="top" width="350"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitabı<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gizem Yayınları<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 19.6pt;" valign="top" width="26"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 262.25pt;" valign="top" width="350"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">7. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitabı<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Meram Yayınları<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 19.6pt;" valign="top" width="26"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 262.25pt;" valign="top" width="350"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">8. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitabı<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Evren Yayınları<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Tablo 2: İncelenen Ders Kitapları<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Türkçe öğretimi
programı kapsamında yer alan ders kitaplarında ünitelerin temaları belirlenmiş
ve metinler bu doğrultuda seçilmiştir. İnceleme konumuz olan göç teması ise
doğrudan doğruya bir metin konusu olmayıp sadece metinler içerisine
sıkıştırılmış, metinlerde göç eden insanların sıkıntılarına yer verilmiştir.
Aşağıdaki tablolarda ise her seviye için hazırlanmış ünitelerin temaları
bulunmaktadır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 47.95pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 182.35pt;" valign="top" width="243"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Birey ve Toplum<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.55pt;" valign="top" width="69"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Yenilikler ve Gelişmeler<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 47.95pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 182.35pt;" valign="top" width="243"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Atatürk<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.55pt;" valign="top" width="69"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Güzel Sanatlar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 47.95pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 182.35pt;" valign="top" width="243"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sağlık ve Çevre<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.55pt;" valign="top" width="69"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">7.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kurumsal ve Sosyal Örgütler<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 47.95pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 182.35pt;" valign="top" width="243"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Değerlerimiz<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.55pt;" valign="top" width="69"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">8.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Oyun ve Spor<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Tablo 3: 5. Sınıf Türkçe Ders
Kitabın Yer Alan Temalar<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 47.95pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 182.35pt;" valign="top" width="243"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sevgi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.55pt;" valign="top" width="69"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kişisel Gelişim<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 47.95pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 182.35pt;" valign="top" width="243"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Atatürk<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.55pt;" valign="top" width="69"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Zaman ve Mekân<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 47.95pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 182.35pt;" valign="top" width="243"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Toplum Hayatı<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.55pt;" valign="top" width="69"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Doğa ve Evren<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Tablo 4: 6. Sınıf Türkçe Ders
Kitabın Yer Alan Temalar<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 47.95pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 182.35pt;" valign="top" width="243"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sevgi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.55pt;" valign="top" width="69"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Toplum Hayatı<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 47.95pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 182.35pt;" valign="top" width="243"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Atatürk<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.55pt;" valign="top" width="69"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Milli Kültür<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 47.95pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 182.35pt;" valign="top" width="243"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kişisel Gelişim<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.55pt;" valign="top" width="69"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Doğa ve Evren<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Tablo 5: 7. Sınıf Türkçe Ders
Kitabın Yer Alan Temalar<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 47.95pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 182.35pt;" valign="top" width="243"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Toplum Hayatı<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.55pt;" valign="top" width="69"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kişisel Gelişim<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 47.95pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 182.35pt;" valign="top" width="243"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Atatürk<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.55pt;" valign="top" width="69"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Zaman ve Mekân <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 47.95pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 182.35pt;" valign="top" width="243"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Milli Kültür <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 51.55pt;" valign="top" width="69"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6.Ünite<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.75pt;" valign="top" width="238"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Güzel Sanatlar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Tablo 6: 8. Sınıf Türkçe Ders
Kitabın Yer Alan Temalar<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Göçe maruz
kalmış ve yurt edindikleri toprak parçasını bırakarak farklı yurtlara giden
kişileri mülteci adıyla tanımlamaktayız. Mülteci durumuna düşmüş insanların
çekmiş oldukları sıkıntıları bilmek, metinlerin göç kavramı doğrultusunda
tasnif edilmesine yardımcı olacaktır. Mülteci durumunda olan kişilerin en çok
yaşadığı problemler: ”İş bulamama, yalnızlaştırılma, dışlayıcı isimlerle
anılma, toplumda görmezden gelinme, dil öğrenememe ve eğitimden mahrum kalma”
gibi sosyokültürel ve psikolojik sıkıntılar yer almaktadır. Bu doğrultuda çocuk
kitaplarında ele alınan konuların bazı özellikleri taşıması gerektiği
söylenebilir. “Barış, yardımseverlik, şefkat”
gibi evrensel değerler göç alan bir ülkede yaşayan çocuk için,
kazandırılması zorunlu kazanımlardır. Bildirimizde yukarıda bahsi geçen mülteci
sıkıntıları konu alınarak metinler analiz edilmiş ve çocuğa görelik bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.75pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sınıf<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 92.15pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Metnin Adı<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 334.7pt;" valign="top" width="446"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Metinde Yer Alan Konu ve Kazanımlar<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
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<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.75pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 92.15pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Küçük Prens<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 334.7pt;" valign="top" width="446"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Yeni arkadaşlar edinme, uyum problemi yaşama; yardımseverlik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.75pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 92.15pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kızılay<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 334.7pt;" valign="top" width="446"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Savaş, Doğal Afet; yardımseverlik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.75pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 92.15pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Eskici<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 334.7pt;" valign="top" width="446"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Göç etmek, uyum problemi, dil bilmeme<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.75pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 92.15pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Komşuluk<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 334.7pt;" valign="top" width="446"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">İkram, muhtaç kişilere yardım.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.75pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 92.15pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Konuğa İkram<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 334.7pt;" valign="top" width="446"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Evi olmayan, yolcu olan kişilere ikram, yardım etmek <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.75pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 92.15pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mor Salkımlı Ev<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 334.7pt;" valign="top" width="446"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Göç etmek, uyum sağlamak; yardım etmek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.75pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">8.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 92.15pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Komşular<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 334.7pt;" valign="top" width="446"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sevgi, dostluk, yardım etmek<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <b>Tablo 7: Göç Olgusunun Yer Aldığı
Metinler<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Küçük Prens (Antoine
de Saint EXUPERY)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> “<i>Günaydın,
dedi Küçük Prens'e.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">– Günaydın, dedi Küçük Prens terbiyeli bir şekilde.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">
Ama kimseyi görmemişti.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> – Buradayım, dedi tilki. Elma ağacının
altında.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> – Kimsiniz, dedi Küçük Prens.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> – Tilkiyim ben, dedi tilki.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> – Benimle
oynar mısın, dedi Küçük Prens.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> O
kadar mutsuzum ki...<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> – Hayır, dedi
tilki. Oynayamam, evcil değilim ben.”</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> (s.19)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Göç etmiş ve tanımadığı bir toplumun içinde yaşamaya zorlanmış
çocukların çektiği sıkıntılardan biri ise yeni arkadaşlar edinmektir. Bu
metinde ise doğrudan göç konusu işlenmese de kahramanımız kendi gezegenini terk
etmiş ve hiç tanımadığı bir gezegende yeni arkadaşlar edinmeye başlamıştır. Bu
bakımdan mülteci durumundaki çocuklarla benzerlik göstermektedir. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kızılay (Ali
HALLAÇ)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">“<i>Yaralar sarar eli bir anne sevgisiyle, <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Hepimiz tanırız Kızılay’ı bayrağı ile, <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">
Kucağını açmaktadır kırk kat düşmana bile,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> İnsanlık onurumuz, İnsancı Kızılay’ımız.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Savaşta, barışta, her ulusal felakette,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Örgütü, kolları var tüm yurtta, her bir
kentte.”(</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">s.100)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">İnsanoğlu ata
yurdunu, doğduğu toprakları isteyerek terk etmez. Onu terk etmeye sevk eden
nedenler vardır. Ülkemizde ve dünyada yurdunu terk etmek zorunda kalmış
milyonlarca insan var. Bu insanlara yardımcı olan bu metinde de bahsi geçen
Kızılay gibi önemli kuruluşlar mevcuttur. Savaşta, felakette kucak açmalı
dizeleri çocukların şefkat, yardımseverlik gibi kazanımları edinmesine yardımcı
olacaktır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Eskici (Refik
Halit KARAY) <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<strong><i>"Eskici başka söz bulamamıştı. Bunu işiten
çocuk hıçkıra hıçkıra, katıla katıla ağlamaktadır; bir daha Türkçe konuşacak
adam bulamayacağına ağlamaktadır.</i></strong><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">" </span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(Öğretmen
Kılavuz Kitabı, Dinleme Metni)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Yetişkinlerin
çocuklara göre daha dayanıklı olduğu bir gerçektir. Göçün verdiği olumsuz
koşullar çocuklarda ciddi tahribatlara neden olmaktadır. Göç edilen toplumun
dilini bilmemek, bir çocuk için arkadaş edinmeme, oyun oynayamama, eğlenmeme
gibi çocuğun temel ihtiyaçlarını kısıtlamaktadır. Bu metinde de annesi ve
babası öldükten sonra Arabistan’a teyzesinin yanına gitmek zorunda olan bir
çocuğun aylar sonra Türkçe konuşan bir kişiyle karşılaşması ve bu kişiden
ayrıldıktan sonraki verdiği duygusal tepki yer almaktadır. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">"<strong><i>Bunlar
da bitti; göz alabildiğine uzanan bir düzlüğe çıkmışlardı; ne ağaç vardı, ne
dere, ne ev! Yalnız ara sıra kocaman kocaman hayvanlara rast geliyorlardı; çok uzun
bacaklı, çok uzun boylu, sırtları kabarık, kambur hayvanlar trene bakmıyorlardı
bile..." </i></strong></span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(Öğretmen Kılavuz Kitabı, Dinleme Metni)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Coğrafi konum,
bitki örtüsü, iklim insan yaşamının bir parçasıdır. Bu satırlarda ise metnin
kahramanı Hasan’ın farklı, tanıdık olmayan bir yere gitmenin verdiği korku
hissedilmektedir. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Komşuluk
(Şevket RADO)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">“Hani
cemiyet hayatında bir laf vardır ya “Karşılıklı yardım sayesinde kalkınmamız
mümkün olur.” derler. İşte bu karşılıklı yardım sokakta ihtiyarı elinden tutup
karşıya geçirmek veya fukaraya sadaka vermekle değil, komşunun komşuya yardım
etmesiyle başlar.”</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(s.45)<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">“Bilirsiniz,
Hazreti Ayşe bir gün peygamberimize: <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">— Ya
Resulallah, iki komşum var. Birinin kapısı karşımda, öbürününki biraz
uzakçadır. Bende olan bir şey ekseriya ikisine birden vermeme yetmiyor. Böyle
bir hâlde hangisinin hakkı daha büyüktür? diye sormuş. Peygamberimiz de: <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">—
Kapısı karşında olan komşunun! diye cevap vermiş.” </span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(s.46)<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Bu metinde
doğrudan göç kavramı işlenmese de Çocuk Edebiyatı metinlerinde yer alması
gereken yardımseverlik, şefkatli olma konular işlenmektedir. Bu konulardan
hareketle sınır komşularımız olan ülke vatandaşlarına zor durumlarında yardımcı
olma ana fikri çıkartılabilir. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Konuğa İkram
(Mehmet ÖNDER)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">“Anadolu’da
konuk ağırlamak önce hoşbeşle başlar. Konuğun hâl ve hatırı, nereden gelip
nereye gittiği sorulur. Bu kısa sohbetten sonra, ayran, çay, kahve ikram
edilir. Sıra gelir yemeklere... Konuk, konuk odasına ayak bastığı andan
itibaren, ev sahibinin ocağı tütmeye başlar.
Eğer konuk, köyün ortak mal› olan konuk odasında kalırsa ikram sırası
gelen evin ocağı tütmeye başlar.”</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(s.53)<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">İslam’da ensar
muhacir kavramları geçmişte olduğu gibi günümüzde de devam
ettirilmektedir. Bu metinde de her ne nedenle
olursa olsun gelen kişi misafir kabul edilmiş ve gerekli ikramlar yapılarak zor
durumda olanlara yardımda bulunulmuştur. Bu konular çocuklara, zor durumda olan
kişilere yardımcı olmayı, gerekirse kendi evinde ağırlayarak var olan olumsuz
koşulu gidermeyi öğütlemektedir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mor Salkımlı Ev
(Enver AHMET)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">“Bir
at arabasının sesi kulağıma geldi. Yatakta doğrulup dışarıya baktım. Ne
göreyim, mahallenin mor salkımlı evinin üst katına yeni bir aile taşınıyordu.
Konu komşu toplanmış, hep birlikte onların gelişini seyrediyordu. “Bunlar kimdi
acaba? Nereden geliyorlardı? Kimler tarafından gönderilmişlerdi?” diye herkes
merak ediyordu. Bir süre sonra, gelenlerin Makedonya’dan göçmek zorunda kalan
bir aile olduğu anlaşıldı. Bu haber, yıldırım hızıyla öteki mahallelere de
yayıldı. </span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(s.74)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Türkçe ders
kitapları içerisinde sadece bu metinde doğrudan göç olgusu işlenmiştir.
Makedonya’dan göçmek zorunda kalan bir aileyi konu almaktadır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 16.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">“Ertesi
gün, mahallenin yaşlı başlı kişileri bir araya gelip bu zavallı aileye ne gibi
yardımların yapılabileceğini konuşmaya başladılar. İlkin evlerden eşya
toplandı; daha sonra maddi durumlar› iyi olan ailelerden para yardımı istendi.
Onlara yardım etmek için herkes birbiriyle yarışıyordu âdeta”.</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(s.75)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Toplumsal
düzeni ayakta tutan ahlaki değerlerden biridir yardımseverlik. Çocuk Edebiyatı
için, idealize edilmiş çocuk portesinin vazgeçilmez bir unsurudur. Göç eden
kişiler tüm mal varlıklarını geride bırakmış ve hayata sıfırdan başlamıştır.
Yani yardıma muhtaçtır. Göç olgusunun işlendiği tüm metinlerde aynı zamanda
yardım etmek kavramı işlenmektedir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 13.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">“Yeni
gelen aile için uzun uzun konuştu. Ailenin çocuklarına yardım etmemi, Türkçeyi
öğretmemi, ayrıca onları diğer çocuklardan korumamı istedi.” </span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(s.77)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Göçün olumsuz
getirilerinden olan dil problemi ve dışlanmak bu metinde açıkça gözükmektedir.
Dil öğrenmeye muhtaç olan, dışlanmaktan ve zarar görmekten çekinen bir çocuk
profili bu metinde göze çarpmaktadır.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Komşular (Hakkı
ŞENER)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> “Kul
hakkı komşuyu sorar her günde, <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> İyi
günde, kötü günde, dar günde, <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> İnşallah
mahşerde olan zor günde, <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Hayırlı
şehadet eyler komşular...” </span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(s.12)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kültürümüzde
komşu hakkının olduğu inancı, insanları yardım etmeye sevk eden önemli bir
etkendir. Dinen yaratıcının yanına komşu hakkı alınmadan gidilmemesi bu
düşünceyi kamçılayan asıl şeydir. Günümüzde insanoğlu her şeyi elinde
bulundurmakta ve dünyanın en uç noktasına bile yirmi dört saat gibi bir zaman
diliminde ulaşmaktadır. Böyle bir koşulda komşuluk kavramını yandaki daireye
indirgemek insani bir yaklaşım olmamaktadır. Bu bakış açısı ile baktığımızda
çevremizde hali hazırda savaşta olan ülke insanlarına kucak açmak hem dini hem
de insani bir vazifedir. Göç kavramını bir yerden bir yere gitmek şeklinde
değil de kültürel değerlerin göç etmemesi ve korunması şeklinde de algılamak
mümkündür.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sonuç<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> 5, 6, 7 ve 8. Sınıf Türkçe ders
kitaplarında yer alan göç olgusu incelenmiş ve bulgulardan hareketle şu sonuca
varılmıştır: Göç kavramının bu kadar derinden hissedildiği ülkemizde, ders
kitaplarında göç kavramı sadece bir metinde doğrudan işlenmektedir. Çocuk
Edebiyatı açısından büyük bir eksikliğin göstergesidir. Düşünen ve sorgulayan
çocukları sağlıklı bir gelişim süreci içinde büyütmek isteniyor ise hayatın
gerçeklerinden onları soyutlamamalı ve bu koşullarda ne yapılacağına dair
onlara rehber olunmalıdır. Ders kitaplarının Talim Terbiye Kurulunun aldığı karar
doğrultusunda dört yıl önce okutulmaya başlandığı gerçeğinden hareketle, yeni
hazırlanacak olan ders kitaplarında bu olgunun sağlıklı bir şekilde işlenmesi
kitap yazıcılara tavsiye edilmektedir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kaynakça<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Aldı,
M. Kaçalin, M. Gündüz, M. Özkan, A. Karataş, H. Uncu, Ü. Duran, C. Gündoğdu, A.
(2015) İlköğretim 5. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitabı Ankara: Cem Veb Ofset<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Bakırtaş,
T. (2012), Küresel Gelişme Modelinde Uluslar arası Göç Olgusu ve Yansımaları,
Alternatif Politika, Cilt: 4, Sayı:2, s: 232–261.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Erkan,
R. Erdoğdu, Y (2006) :Çocuk ve Göç Suçluluğu, Aile ve Toplum, Sayı:9, s.82.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Kaplan,
Ş. Yıldırım, G. (2014) İlköğretim Türkçe 6 Ders Kitabı, Ankara: Gizem Yayınları<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Karabıyık,
F.Ü. (2015) İlköğretim Türkçe Ders Kitabı 8 : Evren Yayıncılık<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Kemalettin,
D. (2015) İlköğretim Türkçe 7 Dersi
Kitabı : Meram Yayıncılık<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Özdemir,
M. (2008) Türkiye’de İçgöç Olgusu ve Nedenleri Çorlu Örneği, Yüksek Lisans
tezi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Sarı,
E. (2016) Göç, Çocuk Ruh Sağlığını Nasıl Etkiler, Bağlantı:gridusunce.com,
15.08.2016, Saat:18.54. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Şimşek,
T. (2011) Kuramdan Uygulamaya Çocuk Edebiyatı, Ankara: Grafiker Yayınları<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Taşkın,
D. (2014) Uluslararası Göç Sorunu Perspektifinde Türkiye, TSA Yıl : 18, S:1,
s184<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Tezcan,
S. ERYURT, M (2006) Türkiye’de İçgöç ve Çocuk Sağlığı,</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Nüfusbilim Dergisi, s.25.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/samsung-/Desktop/Masa%C3%BCst%C3%BC/Yunus%20T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e%202015-2016/y%C3%BCksek%20lisans/%C3%87ocuk%20Edebiyat%C4%B1nda%20Metin%20%C4%B0ncelemeleri/5,6,7,8.%20S%C4%B1n%C4%B1f%20T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e%20Ders%20Kitaplar%C4%B1nda%20G%C3%B6%C3%A7%20Olgusu.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[*]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> <span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Türkçe
Öğretmeni, Gültepe İmam Hatip Ortaokulu, Kâğıthane, İstanbul</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Yüksek Lisans
Öğrencisi, Erzincan Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Türkçe Eğitimi A.B.D.,
İstanbul, Türkiye,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-83322699858828136732017-06-10T08:42:00.000-07:002017-06-17T00:08:14.361-07:00Sanal Türkçe<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<b style="color: black; font-family: verdana, geneva, lucida, "lucida grande", arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: red;">SANAL TÜRKÇE</span><br /><br />"Hallo" "Asl" "U" "pls" "bye"<br />Az kaldı.. BİTİYOR Türkçe<br />"Slm" "kib" "ok" ve "hoi"<br />Az kaldı..YİTİYOR Türkçe<br /><br /><br />"Hacker" "Admin" "surf"ve "login"<br />Nerde kaldı Türkçe bugün<br />Yemin olsun göze her gün<br />Az kaldı..BATIYOR Türkçe<br /><br /><br />Ne "lakap"ı "nick"in varken<br />Kalkarsın aksamdan erken<br />"Net" "chat" falan filan derken<br />Az kaldı..YATIYOR Türkçe<br /><br /><br />Sitelerde geze,geze<br />"Ban" olursun batma göze<br />Ne demeli dogru söze (!)<br />Az kaldı..TUTUYOR Türkçe<br /><br /><br />A..zade "connection" ol da<br />Sen de yorul gel bu yolda<br />"Link" atanlar sagda,solda<br />Az kaldı..YUTUYOR Türkçe</b></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-19309649081148967642017-06-10T08:41:00.000-07:002017-06-17T00:09:04.467-07:00Ah Türkçe Vah Türkçe - Beşir Ayvazoğlu<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_lbl_manset_header">Ah Türkçe Vah Türkçe</span></div>
<div class="indexaltbaslik" style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #660000; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-top: 2px;">
Beşir Ayvazoğlu</div>
<div class="indexicerikmetin" style="background-color: #f9f9f9; font-family: Georgia, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: justify; word-spacing: 2pt;">
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D</div>
evlet Plânlama Teşkilâtı’nın ilk defa bindiğim asansöründe, insanları İngilizce olarak günaydın, iyi akşamlar gibi sözlerle karşılayarak; yine aynı dilde ayı, günü ve saati bildiren elektronik düzeneği görünce hayretler içinde kalmıştım. Ülkenin geleceğini <b>“plânlayan”</b> bir kuruluşun ana dil üzerinde göstermediği hassasiyeti kimden bekleyebiliriz? Türk Hava Yolları dergisinin adı bile İngilizce: <b>“Skylife”</b>. Yoksa bir süreden beri devletin resmî dili Türkçe değil de, bizim mi haberimiz yok!</div>
<div>
Türkçe’yi <b>“klas”</b>larına yakıştıramayan tuhaf insanların sayısı büyük bir hızla artıyor. İki futbolcu; Ortaköy’de açtıkları bara, bu semtin eski adını vermişler:<b> “Arkeon”</b>. Güneye doğru inerseniz, eski Roma ve Yunan adlarının birer birer hortlatıldığını göreceksiniz. Özellikle turistik bölgelerde Türkçe konuşmak ve işyerlerine Türkçe adlar vermek âdeta ayıp görülmeye başlandı. Bu ne şaşkınlıktır! Bu ne gaflettir!</div>
<div>
<b>Suçlu Kim?</b></div>
<div>
Eskiden <b>“entel”</b> taifesi çağdaşlığını <b>“öztürkçe” </b>kullanarak <b>“kanıt”</b>lardı. Şimdilerde çağdaşlığın göstergesi İngilizce. Meselâ adamlar tiyatro kurarlar, adı <b>“Tiyatroskop”</b>. Son zamanlarda<b> “happening”</b>ler,<b> “workshop”</b>lar gırla gidiyor. Düşünün bir kere, gözlerini Galleria’da açıp Fame City’de Pin Bowling, Skee Ball, Boom Ball, Whac-a -Mole, Hoop Shot, Galaksie, Beat the Clock ve benzeri oyunlarla vakit geçiren ve McDonald’s’ta yahut Kentucky Fried Chicken’da karınlarını doyuran bacaksızlar büyüdüklerinde hâlimiz ne olacak?</div>
<div>
Peki suçlu kim? Yeni nesillere ana dil şuurunun kazandırılmasında ihmali olan herkes suçludur. Özellikle, Türkçe’nin eski kültürle bütün bağlantılarını keserek Greko-Lâtin temeline dayalı Batı kültürünün ve dünya görüşünün yüklenebileceği<b> “nötr”</b> bir dil meydana getirmek isteyen, bunun için eski kelimeleri, dolayısıyla kelimelerin geçmişten bugüne taşıdıkları kültürü ve ifade inceliklerini de satırdan geçiren aydınların günahı büyüktür.<br />
<br />
Devletin bütün imkânlarını kullanarak, insanlara uydurma kelimelerle konuşmanın<b> “çağdaşlık”,</b> <b>“ilericilik”</b> olduğunu telkin etmişlerdir. Bu yüzden, zamanla, sadece kelimeler değil, deyim ve atasözleri bile yeni nesillere bayat gelmeye başlamıştır. Hâlbuki dilin asıl zenginlikleri deyimler ve kelimelerin ardındaki tıpkı buz dağlarının görünmeyen tecrübe birikimidir. Öztürkçe yazdıklarını zanneden yazarlar şöyle bir gözden geçirilirse; Türkçe’nin deyimsiz, nüansları ifade etmekten âciz bir dil hâline geldiği görülecektir.</div>
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<b>Türkçe Kıyımı</b></div>
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İşin gerçeği şudur: Birtakım aydınlar, Türkçe’yi zenginleştirmek, Türkçe’de bulunmayan kavramlara, terimlere karşılıklar bulmak yerine; yediden yetmişe herkesin anladığı ve kullandığı kelimelere yeni karşılıklar uydurmuşlardır. İmkân’ı, ihtimal’i, şart’ı, sebep’i ve daha yüzlercesini kitle iletişim vasıtalarını da arkalarına alarak dilden kovmuşlar. Atılan her kelime ile birlikte nüansları gösteren kelimeler, deyimler ve atasözleri de çöp sepetine gitmiştir. Şu anda çocuklarımıza verebildiğimiz Türkçe, esperanto gibi sun’î, mekanik, ifade gücü alabildiğine kısır, dudaklarımıza iğreti tutuşturulmuş, güç belâ konuştuğumuz bir dildir. Böylesine yetersizleştirilen bir Türkçe’nin, yabancı bir dili çok iyi öğrenmiş olanlara yetmemesi, yani yabancı kelimeleri davet etmesi tabiîdir.<br />
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Bu bakımdan, düşüncelerini daha iyi ifade etmek için yabancı kelimelere ihtiyaç duyanlar olabilir. Ancak, Türk aydınlarının eski hastalıklarından birinin “Bihruz Bey”lik, yani yabancı kelimeler kullanarak üstünlük taslamak olduğunu unutmamak gerekir.</div>
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<b>Amerikan Aksanı</b></div>
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Son 10 yılda, özellikle İngilizce kelimeler kullanmak, âdeta bir<b> “statü”</b> sembolü hâline getirildi. Kitle haberleşme vasıtaları bu hastalığı salgına dönüştürmüştür. Fakat hiçbir devirde böyle bir şuursuzluk yaşanmadı.<br />
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Hatırlanacağı üzere, yabancı adlar önce dergilerde boy gösterdi: Argos, Rapsodi, Strech, Hey Girl vb. Daha sonraları yabancı adlı televizyonlar peydahlandı: Magic Box, Show TV, İnter Star, Flash TV vb. Yüksek tirajlı gazetelerde Film Guide, TV Guide, Pozitif, Star, Teleskop gibi adlarla ekler vermeye başladılar. Bu televizyonları seyredip bu gazeteleri okuyanlar, eğer Türkçe konusunda hassas değillerse, eğer Millî Eğitim’in okullarında tarih şuuru ve ana dil sevgisi edinmemişlerse ne yaparlar? Çocuklarına Melisa, Sem gibi isimler verirler. O çocuklar da büyüyünce şimdi bazı özel radyolarda konuşan ağabey ve ablaları gibi, kadük edilmiş bir Türkçe’yi üstelik Amerikan aksanıyla konuşurlar. Geçmiş ola!</div>
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Demek ki Âşık Paşa, altı yüz yıl önce değil de bugün yaşasaydı, yine aynı şeyi söyleyecekti: <b>“Türk Dili’ne kimesne bakmaz idi!”</b></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-34027544279036939882017-06-10T08:39:00.000-07:002017-06-17T00:10:46.902-07:00Yabancı Dille Eğitim İhaneti<br />
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<span style="color: #333333; font-size: 16px; text-align: -webkit-center;">Yabancı Dille Eğitim İhaneti</span></div>
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Bir önceki yazımda Türk eğitimine nasıl kilit vurulduğundan söz etmiştim.<strong>(*)</strong> Türk eğitiminin üzerinde 50 yıldır oynanan oyunların ne olduğunu, bu oyunların kimin eliyle gerçekleştiğini ve eğitimizin nereden nereye götürüldüğünü açıklamıştık. (Bkz. Vatanbir Dergisi 6. Sayı) Bu oyunların en büyüğü, en tehlikelisi yabancı dilde eğitimdir. Bu oyunla konular Türk öğrencisine, Türk <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/ogretmen-ve-ogrenci-tipleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration: none;" title="öğretmen türleri">öğretmen</a>ler tarafından İngilizce olarak anlatılacaktır. Üstelik zorunludur. Kılıçla, silahla, işgalle yapılamayan sömürgeleştirme bu biçimde yerine getirilecektir.</div>
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Yabancı dille eğitimin yararlı olduğu yıllardır savunulmaktadır. Sözde aydınlar, basın-yayın sürekli bunun iyi olduğunu anlatmışlar, milletimizi uyutmuşlardır. Yalnız, 50 yıldır gelinen nokta gösteriyor ki bu anlayışın hiçbir yararı olmamıştır. Araştırmaya gerek yok. Dönün bakın çevrenize… İnsanımız, eğitimimiz, kültürümüz nerelere gelmiş? Ulusallaşmaktan söz eden, en büyük zaferin Milli Eğitim işlerinde kazanılacak zafer olduğunu ve bir milletin gerçek kurtuluşunun ancak bu yolla olacağını<strong>(1)</strong> söyleyen Ulu Önder’in yaptıklarının, düşündüklerinin üzerinin bir bir örtülmesinde yazık ki Türk eğitimi de büyük çoğunlukla payını almıştır.</div>
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<span style="text-align: justify;">Yabancı dille eğitim görme hevesine kapılanlar, bunun yararlı olduğunu düşünenler alanlarındaki konuları anlayamadıkları gibi, yabancı dil de öğrenememişlerdir. Yabancı dili, matematik gibi, fizik gibi, kimya gibi öğrenciye güç gelen derslerle aynı anda öğretmek saçmalıktır. Konuyu öğrenmeye mi uğraşılsın, yabancı dildeki sözcükler ve dilbilgisi kuralları mı hatırlansın? Oysa hiçbir ülkede, eğitim anadilin dışında herhangi bir dilde verilmez. Çünkü anne karnında sosyal öğrenme yoluyla dilini öğrenen çocuk için yabancı dilde konuşmak ve öğrenim görmek daha zordur. Bizim ülkemizde uygulanan yöntemle birkaç nesil feda edilmiştir. Bu nesillerin üzerine de bu nesillerin yetiştirdiği bireyler topluma katılmışlardır. Yabancı dil bilmek, anadiline çevirebilmek demektir.</span><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkcenin-tarihi-gelisimi/" style="color: black; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;" title="türkçe">Türkçe</a><span style="text-align: justify;">sini bilmediği için, Türkçenin </span><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/tag/Dil-Bilgisi/" style="color: black; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;" title="dil bilgisi">dilbilgisi</a><span style="text-align: justify;"> kurallarını çok iyi bilmediği için bu çevirme işlemini yapamayan birey, söylendiği gibi “iki insan” olmaz, kendi benliğini de yitirmiş olur.(2) Yabancı dille eğitimin yanında misyonerlik görevi verilen okullarımıza bir de hazırlık sınıfı koyulmuş, birkaç yıllık israf da ihanetin bir başka boyutunu oluşturmuştur. “</span>Bir yıl boyunca yabancı dil öğretilecek<span style="text-align: justify;">” diye, çocuklarımız kendi alanlarından uzaklaştırılmış, bu yüzden çocuklarımızda yabancı dil özentiliği yaratılmıştır. Bu sınıflarda okutulan kitaplar da İngiltere ve Amerika’dan getirtilmiştir. Bu, o ülkeler için hem ticaret pazarı olmuş hem de onların kültürü yok ederek sömürgeleştirme isteğine çanak tutmuştur. Türkçe yine ikinci plana itilmiş, </span><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-adinin-anlami-ve-kokeni/" style="color: black; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;" title="türk">Türk</a><span style="text-align: justify;">çocukları kendi ülkesinde yabancı duruma düşürülmüştür.</span></center>
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Oktay Sinanoğlu, yabancı dilde eğitimi şöyle özetliyor: Kendi tarihini, dilini,<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/edebiyat-nedir/" style="color: black; text-decoration: none;" title="edebiyat">edebiyat</a>ını, kimliğini bilmemeyi bir yılışık özentilik, bir taklitçilik, bir acenta kafalılık içinde kıvranmayı marifet sayan bir toplum yaratılmıştır. Bu ihanet sistemindeki okullara girebilmek için kıvranan veli ve öğrenciler, dershane kavramını yaratılmasına neden olmuşlar ve bu şekilde çarpık bir düzen oluşturmuşlardır. Bizim milletimiz, kendi kendini tarihten silecek bir soykırım, kültür kırım harekâtına neden kendi parasını harcıyor? <strong>(3)</strong>Oktay Sinanoğlu’nun dediği gibi kendi isteğimizle <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turkcenin-tarihi-gelisimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration: none;" title="türkçenin tarihi">Türkçenin</a>, benliğimizin, kültürümüzün, ülkemizin kuyusunu kazıyoruz hem de dört elle.</div>
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50 yıldır yabancı dilde eğitim yönteminin yararsız olduğunu söylemiştim şimdi birkaç örnek vereyim. Askerli Liselerde 1974-1990 yılları arasında yabancı dille eğitim uygulaması yapılmış, verimsiz olduğu için Türkçe eğitime dönülmüştür. “Anadolu Liselerinde Uygulanan Yabancı Dille Öğretim Programlarının Değerlendirilmesi” başlıklı araştırma, çarpıcı gerçeği çok yalın biçimde ortaya koymaktadır.</div>
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Araştırmaya göre ”Anadolu Lisesi öğrencilerinin yüzde 82.4′ü fen grubu derslerini İngilizce yerine Türkçe okumayı tercih etmektedir. Yine, öğrencilerin yüzde 83.9′u İngilizce öğretimde konuların iyi öğrenilmediğini, yüzde 81.91′i de yabancı dille öğretimin öğrencileri ezberciliğe yönelttiğini” söylemektedir. <strong>(4)</strong> Bu iki örnek de yabancı dille eğitimin yarasız olduğunun anlaşıldığını gösteriyor. Anlaşıldı da, “Milli Eğitim” yabancı danışmanlara teslim edildiği için bu yanlış düzeltileceğine, ana okullara kadar indirilmiştir. Ulusal dil, bağımsız bir devletin temelidir. Bayrak, bir devletin namusuysa, simgesiyse Türkçe de ses bayrağımız olarak Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin namusudur. Bayrak yere düşürülemez. Geleceğimizin yaratıcısı olan gençlerimiz yabancı dile, yabancı dil ve kültür özentiliğine bırakılamaz. Sevr dayatmasını yapan güçlerle, sözde soykırımı onaylatmak isteyen karanlık kişilerle yabancı dil eğitim dayatmasını yapanlar aynıdır. Uyanıp, geçmişimizden aldığımız bayrağı, geleceğe şahlandırmalıyız.</div>
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Öğrencilerimiz bilimi en iyi biçimde öğrenmelidir. Bilimsel çalışmalarda, derste gördüğü her konuda, genel kültürde, tarihte araştırma yapmalı, gerçekleri özümseyerek bulabilmelidir. Bilim öğrenerek tüketim bireyinden üreten bireye geçebilmelidir. Yabancı dil öğrenmelidir, kendini geliştirmelidir. Seçtiği uğraş alanına göre işine yarayacak yabancı dili/ dilleri öğrenmelidir. Bilimi öğrenirken ulusal değerlerini de unutmamalıdır. Uzun yıllardır bilim adamı yetiştiremememizin nedenlerine bakılmalıdır. Ulusal değerlerimize yüz çevirmemiz sonucunda eğitimimizi onlara teslim etmişiz. 3 Mart 1924 yılında yürürlüğe giren Tevhid-i Tedrisat yani eğitim birliği yasası çiğnenmiş, açılan kolejler, Anadolu Liseleri, Süper Liseler ve buralardaki hazırlık sınıfları ile yabancı dilde eğitim yapılması, eğitimde ikiliğe yol açmıştır. Zamanla eğitimi ve öğrencileri bölenler, sonradan vekil, sözleşmeli, uzman, başöğretmen adı altında öğretmenleri böldüler. Hiçbir şey düşünemeyen, gereksiz bilgiler ve yabancı özentiliğine boğulmuş, tarihini bilmeyen, hedefi olmayan, iki sözcüğü bir araya getiremeyen öğrenciler yaratıldı. Onların ardından öğretmenlerimiz geçim sıkıntısına, yasal hak sıkıntısına mahkûm edildi. Masa başı memurmuş gibi uğraşlara boğuldu. Adının başına sıfat istemediği halde yalnızca öğretmen olmak isteyen öğretmenlerimize atamayla korkutularak adına sıfatlar verildi, bir kısmı da diploması olduğu halde yıllarca görevine başlayamadı. Yeter ki Türk çocuğu, Türk öğretmeni ülkede ne olup bitiyor göremesin, düşünemesin, kafası sürekli bir şeylerle meşgul olsun, araştırma vakti bile olmasın. Türk genci yabancı özentilikle ulusal değerlerinden uzaklaşsın, atasını, tarihini, dilini, kültürünü bilmesin, kendisine hedef koyup kendini geliştiremesin.</div>
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Türk çocuğu, Türk milleti yukarıda sözünü ettiğim yanlışların düzeltilmesi için elini taşın altına sokmalıdır. Seçtiği, seçeceği kişilerden bunları istemelidir. Sesini yükseltmelidir. Yüksek kültürümüzün ve yüce soyumuzun onurunu zedeleyen yöntemlere son verilmesi için sonuna dek mücadele etmelidir. Türkçeye yapılan, Türk eğitimine yapılan ayıbı, ihaneti unutmamalı, gereken her çözümü uygulamaya koymalıdır. “Türk tarihi, Türk atası, Türk kültürü ve Türk dili” varlığıyla, kişi varlığının üzerindedir. Dedim ki: Mücadele sırası “BEN” de…</div>
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“Türk demek, Türkçe demektir.”</div>
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<strong>Şahin Durmuş</strong></div>
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“Yabancı devletlerin koruyuculuğunu ve bağışını istemek insanlık niteliklerinden yoksunluğu, güçsüzlük ve beceriksizliği açığa vurmaktan başka bir şey değildir. Onların kültürünü yaşamaya çalışmak da acizliğin, aşağılık duygusunun göstergesidir. Saygınlık ve onuru, yetenekleri yüksek ve büyük olan Türk ulusu böylesine tutsak yaşamaktansa yok olsun daha iyidir.”</div>
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<strong>Mustafa Kemal Atatürk</strong></div>
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<strong>(1)</strong> 27. 10. 1922, Bursa, Atatürk’ün Öğretmenlere yaptığı konuşma.<br />
<strong>(2)</strong> Sinanoğlu Oktay, Bye Bye Türkçe, s. 86, Otopsi Yayınları, 2006<br />
<strong>(3)</strong> Sinanoğlu Oktay, a.g.e., s.136-137, 2006<br />
<strong>(4) </strong>Erman Çiğdem, Yabancı Dil mi Ana dil mi, Ankara 2008</div>
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Kaynak:<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/" style="color: #549cc3; text-decoration: underline;">http://www.cokbilgi.com</a></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-61974678559973057032017-06-10T08:37:00.000-07:002017-06-17T00:09:34.176-07:00Milli Edebiyat<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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* Türk edebiyatının en önemli hikâyecisidir.<br />
* Yeni Lisan adlı makalesi Milli Edebiyatın kanunlarının ilanı sayılır.<br />
* Sade dil akımının öncüsüdür.<br />
* Anadolu'nun insanın hayat şartlarını hikâyelerini yansıtmıştır.<br />
* Dilde, fikirde, işte milliyetçilik fikrini yerleştirmiştir.<br />
* Çocukluk anıları, efsaneleri hikâyelerinde işlemiştir.</div>
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<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>: Bomba, Yalnız Efe ,Efruz Bey, İlk Düşen Ak, Yüksek Ökçeler, Gizli Mabet, Bahar ve Kelebekler.</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazarlar/ziya_gokalp.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">ZİYA GÖKALP</a></strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(1876-1924)</span><br />
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* Türk milliyetçiliğini esaslara bağlamıştır.Sistematize etmiştir.<br />
* Sosyal hayatı ve kurumlarımızı Batı'ya göre düzenlenmelidir.<br />
* Eserlerinde halk dilini kullanmıştır.<br />
* Halkın dertlerini isteklerini yansıtmaya çalışmıştır.<br />
* "Türkçülük, Türk milletini yükseltmektir" diyerek bu ifade doğrultusunda hareket etmiştir.</div>
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<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>:Türkçülüğün Esasları, Kızıl Elma, Türkleşmek-İslamlaşmak -Muasırlaşmak, Türk Medeniyet Tarihi, Malta Mektupları.</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazarlar/mehmet_emin_yurdakul.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">MEHMET EMİN YURDAKUL</a></strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(1869-1944)</span><br />
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* Anadolu insanın yabancılara başkaldırısını çok güzel yansıtmıştır.<br />
* Toplumcu sanat anlayışıyla milliyetçi çizgide eserler vermiştir.<br />
* Hece ölçüsü kullanılmıştır.</div>
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<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>: Türkçe Şiirler, Türk Sazı, Ey Türk Uyan, Tan Sesleri, Ordunun Destanları, Zafer Yolunda, Turana Doğru, İsyan ve Dua, Mustafa Kemal, Fazilet ve Adalet. </div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yakup_kadri_karaosmanoglu.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">YAKUP KADRİ KARAOSMANOĞLU</a></strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(1889-1974)</span><br />
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* Edebiyatın her alanında eser vermiştir.<a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/fecri_ati_edebiyati.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"> Fecr-i Ati</a>'nin dağılmasından sonra Milli Edebiyat içinde yer almıştır.<br />
* Çoğunlukla içinde yaşadığı toplumun dertlerini eserlerinde işlemiştir.<br />
* Anadolucu, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/ataturk_videolari.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Atatürk</a>çü bir çizgide kalmıştır.<br />
* Esas ününü <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/roman.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">roman</a>cılık alanında bulmuştur.<br />
* Kuvvetli bir gözlem gücü vardır.<br />
* <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/realizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Realist</a> bir çizgide yaşamıştır.<br />
* Eserlerinde aydın-halk çatışmasını yansıtmıştır.</div>
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<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>:<br />
Roman: <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/kiralik-konak.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Kiralık Konak</a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/ankara.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Ankara</a>, Nur Baba, Hüküm Gecesi,Sodom ve Gomore, Yaban, Bir Sürgün, Panorama<br />
Hikâye: Milli Savaş Hikâyeleri, Rahmet<br />
Diğer: Erenlerin Bağından, Zoraki Diplomat, Vatan Yolundan, Anamım Kitabı</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazarlar/halide_edip_adivar.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">HALİDE ADİP ADIVAR</a></strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(1884-1964)</span><br />
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* Edebiyatçılığının yanında bir asker gibi cephe gerisinde mücadele vermiştir.<br />
* Romanlarında aşk, kadının psikolojisini, doğu-batı çatışmasını, eski-yeni kavgasını işlemiştir.<br />
* Romanlarında kuvvetli bir gözlem vardır.<br />
* Kurtuluş Savaşı eserlerinde çokça yer edinmiştir.<br />
* Edebiyatın hemen her alanında eser vermiştir.<br />
* Dili çok başarılı değildir.</div>
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<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>: <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/atesten_gomlek.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Ateşten Gömlek</a>, Vurun Kahpeye, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/turkun-atesle-imtihani.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Türkün Ateşle İmtihanı</a>,<a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/sinekli-bakkal.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Sinekli Bakkal</a>, Mor Salkımlı Ev, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/daga_cikan_kurt.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Dağa Çıkan Kurt</a>, Tatarcık, Zeyno'nun Oğlu.</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/resat_nuri_guntekin.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">REŞAT NURİ GÜNTEKİN</a></strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(1889-1958)</span><br />
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* Anadolu'nun dertlerini, sıkıntılarını, inançlarını eserlerinde işlemiştir.<br />
* Sade ve yapmacıksız bir dil kullanmıştır.<br />
* "Çalıkuşu" romanı en ünlü eseridir.(aslında bir tiyatro eseri olarak yazılmıştır)<br />
* Müfettişlik yaptığı için Anadolu'yu gezmiş ve onların sıkıntılarını, sevinçlerini edebi eserlerinde sıkça kullanmıştır.</div>
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<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>: <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/calikusu.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Çalıkuşu</a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/damga.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Damga</a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/dudaktan_kalbe.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Dudaktan Kalbe</a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/acimak.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Acımak</a>, Yeşil Gece, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/yaprak_dokumu.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Yaprak Dökümü</a>, Kızılcık Dalları, Gökyüzü, Eski Hastalık, Ateş Gecesi, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/miskinler_tekkesi.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Miskinler Tekkesi</a></div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/refik_halit_karay.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">REFİK HALİT KARAY</a></strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(1888-1965)</span><br />
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* Halk dilini eserlerinde oldukça başarılı olmuştur.<br />
* Kuvvetli bir gözlemciliği vardır; ancak iç gözlemde başarılı değildir.</div>
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<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>: <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/memleket-hikayeleri.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Memleket Hikâyeleri</a>, İstanbul'un İçyüzü, Yezidin Kızı, Çete, Sürgün, Bu Bizim Hayat, Kadınlar Tekkesi, Karlı Dağdaki Ateş.</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yahya_kemal_beyatli.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">YAHYA KEMAL BEYATLI</a></strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(1884-1958)</span><br />
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* Modern edebiyatımızın en büyük şairlerindendir.<br />
* Batılı tarzda şiirimize düzen vermiştir.<br />
* Aruzu Türkçeye başarıyla uygulamıştır. "OK" şiiri hariç bütün şiirlerini aruzla yazmıştır.<br />
* Şiir <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/radyolar/nostaljik-turk-pop-muzigi.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">musiki</a>den başka bir musiki"dir derdi.<br />
* Parnasizmden etkilenmiştir.<br />
* İstanbul'u, Osmanlı'nın ihtişamlı zamanında gezmek, tabiat, ölüm, rintlik gibi konuları işlemiştir.<br />
* Şiirlerinin mükemmel olması için uğraş vermiştir, bu konuda oldukça titizdir.<br />
* Edebiyatın hemen her alanında eser vermiştir; ancak asıl ününü şiirde kazanmıştır.</div>
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<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>: Kendi Gök Kubbemiz, Eski Şiirin Rüzgârıyla, Aziz İstanbul, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/egil-daglar.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Eğil Dağlar</a>, Portreler, * <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/rubai.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Rubai</a>ler ve <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/sairler/omer-hayyam.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Hayyam</a>'ın Rubailerini Türkçe Söyleyiş.</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazarlar/peyami_safa.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">PEYAMİ SAFA</a></strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(1899-1961)</span><br />
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* Geçim derdiyle yazarlığa başlamıştır.<br />
* Bir ayağından sakat olduğu için bu psikolojiyi eserlerine yansıtmıştır.<br />
* "Server Bedii" lakabıyla eser yazmıştır.<br />
* Edebiyat, felsefe, tıp, psikoloji alanında yeterli bir bilgin sayılır.<br />
* Psikolojik çözümlemeleri çok başarılıdır.</div>
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<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>: <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/dokuzuncu-hariciye-kogusu.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Dokuzuncu Hariciye Koğuşu</a>, Sözde Kızlar, Mahşer Bir Akşamdı, Canan, Matmazel Noralya'nın Koltuğu, Atilla, Harbiye, Şimşek. gibi eserleri vardır.</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/bes_hececiler.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">HECENİN BEŞ ŞAİRİ (BEŞ HECECİLER)</a></strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
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Bu şariler 1917de Selanik'te "<a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/genc-kalemler.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Genç Kalemler</a>"le başlayan Milli Edebiyat akımının ilklerine bağlı olarak, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/halk-edebiyati-nazim-bicimleri.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">halk şiiri</a>mizin özelliklerinden, yerli kaynaklarımızdan yararlanarak, şiirimizin <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/aruz_vezni.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">aruz</a>dan <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/hece_olcusu.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">hece</a>ye geçişinde önemli rol aynamışlardır.<a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/siir-nedir.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Şiir</a>lerinde Anadolu manzaralarını ve Anadolu yaşayışını coşkulu bir dille işlemişlerdir. Hece ölçüsünün genellikle 11'li ve 14'lü kalıbını kullanmışlardır. Daha sonraları, yeni biçimler arayarak oldukça uzun şiirler de yazmışlardır. Eserlerindeki dil ise <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/turk_dili/konusma_dili_yazi_dili.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">konuşma dili</a>dir. Bu şarirlerimiz şunlardır:</div>
<a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/sairler/halit_fahri_ozansoy.html" style="background-attachment: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-image: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-size: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Halit Fahri Ozansoy</a><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> </span><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/sairler/enis_behic_koryurek.html" style="background-attachment: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-image: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-size: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Enis Behiç Koryürek</a><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> </span><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/sairler/yusuf_ziya_ortac.html" style="background-attachment: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-image: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-size: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Yusuf Ziya Ortaç</a><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> </span><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/sairler/orhan_seyfi_orhon.html" style="background-attachment: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-image: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-size: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Orhan Seyfi Orhon</a><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> </span><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/sairler/faruk_nafiz_camlibel.html" style="background-attachment: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-image: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-size: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Faruk Nafiz Çamlıbel</a><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-52646537945840738772017-06-10T08:35:00.000-07:002017-06-17T00:10:02.945-07:00Fecr-i Ati Edebiyatı<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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24 Temmuz 1908'de ilan edilen II. Meşrutiyet'ten sonra ülkede canlı ve hareketli bir edebiyat hayatı başlamıştır. Edebiyatta ki bu canlılık aslında ülkede II.Meşrutiyet'in getirdiği özgürlük ortamı içinde her türlü fikrin serbestçe tartışılabilir hale gelmiş olmasındandır. II.Meşrutiyet'in ilanından sonraki devirde edebiyatımız biraz da Abdülhamid'in baskılı rejiminden kurtularak imparatorluğu çepeçevre saran siyasi olayların içine girmiştir.</div>
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Bu yılların edebiyat ortamında edebiyata hevesli İstanbul gençlerinden bir grup 1909 da Fecr-i Ati adında bir topluluk kurarlar. Ülküleri <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/serveti_funun_siiri.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Servet-i Fünun</strong></a> topluluğuna benzeyen fakat onlardan daha ileri bir edebiyat topluluğu meydana getirmektir. Bunlarda tıpkı <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/serveti-funun-edebiyati-olusumu-dagilmasi.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Edebiyatı Cedideciler</strong></a> gibi Servet-i Fünun dergisini kendi eser ve görüşlerini yazacak bir organ saymışlar,edebiyatta yapmak istediklerini de bir bildiri ile açıklamışlardır.</div>
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Bu bildiride yeni görüşün hangi prensiplere sahip olduğu ve çizilmiş bir hedefe benzer hususlar yoktur. Edebi bir görüşün belirtilmesinden çok,genç edebiyatçıların birlikte hareket edecekleri ve topluca çalışıp yazacakları açıklanmıştır.Önemli bir prensip ortaya koyamayan ve <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/serveti_funun_yazarlari_eserleri.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Servet-i Fünuncular</strong></a> kadar etkili bir <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/sembolizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">ekol</strong></a> olamayan Fecri Ati topluluğunun daha sonraları ortaya çıkan gaye ve prensibi şöyle özetlenebilir: "<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Sanat,şahsi ve muhteremdir.</strong>"</div>
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Ne var ki topluluğun üyelerinin hem yaş olarak çok genç olmaları,hem kültür yönünden oldukça zayıf bulunmaları,hem de edebiyatımızda yeni bir çığır açacak önemli prensipler ortaya koyamamış bulunmaları yüzünden <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/Dersnotlari/milli_edebiyat.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Milli Edebiyat</strong></a>Hareketi'ni savunanlarca çok kolay bertaraf edilmişlerdir.Zaten Fecri Ati topluluğu varlıklarını gösterebilmek için sık sık kendilerinden öncekileri hırpalayan eleştiriler kaleme almaktan, Edebiyatı Cedideciler'in dil anlayışlarını sürdürüp bazı batı örnekleri teklifinden başka önemli bir rol oynayamamışlardır.</div>
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<a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/ali_canip_yontem.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Ali Canip Yöntem</strong></a>'in o zaman Selanik'te topluluğun muhabir azası olmasına rağmen, onların fikirlerini de eleştirmesi belli bir edebi görüş birliğinin Kurulmamış olduğunu gösterir.Bu yüzden Fecri Aticiler daha fazla dayanamayıp iki yıl sonra Balkan Savaşı içinde dağılmışlardır.</div>
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<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Fecri Ati topluluğunun yazarları şunlardır: </strong><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/sairler/celal-sahir-erozan.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Celal Sahir</strong></a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/ahmet_hasim.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Ahmet Haşim</strong></a>, Emin Bülent, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/mehmet_fuat_koprulu.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Mehmet Fuat</strong></a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/sairler/tahsin-nahit.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Tahsin Nahit</strong></a>, Mehmet Behçet, Faik Ali, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/refik_halit_karay.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Refik Halit</strong></a>,<a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yakup_kadri_karaosmanoglu.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Yakup Kadri</strong></a>, Hamdullah Suphi, Fazıl Ahmet, Şahabettin Süleyman...</div>
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Sonuç olarak bu topluluktan edebiyat tarihimize önemli bir <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/turk-edebiyatinda-akimlar.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">ekol</strong></a> değil, bir kaç tane isim kalmıştır. Yakup Kadri, Refik Halit, Ahmet Haşim ve Fuat Köprülü.Bunlardan Ahmet Haşim dışında diğerleri Milli Edebiyat akımının önemli ölçüde etkisi altında kalarak, yazı hayatına devam etmişlerdir. Bilhassa Fuat Köprülü, daha sonraları yaptığı ilmi araştırmalarla Milli Edebiyat hareketinin aydınlanıp yayılmasına önemli katkılarda bulunmuştur.</div>
<span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Fecr-i Ati Edebiyatının Özellikleri</span><br />
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<span class="style21" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">- 20 Mart 1909'da Hilal Matbaası'nda toplanan Şahabettin Süleyman, Yakup Kadri, Refik Halit, Cemil Süleyman, Köprülüzade Mehmet Fuat, Tahsin Nahit, Emin Bülent, Ali Süha, Faik Ali ve Müfit Ratib gibi yeni bir hareket başlatmayı planlar. Ahmet Haşim de bu harekete katılır. Böylece Fecr-i Ati Encümen-i Edebisi Beyannamesi, 24 Şubat 1910'da yayımlanır. Fecr-i Ati edebiyatı, II. Meşrutiyet'in ilanından sonra Servet-i Fünûn dergisinde yayımlanan bir bildiriyle başlar.</span></div>
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- Edebiyatımızda ilk edebi bildiriyi (manifesto/ beyanname) yayımlayan topluluktur.</div>
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- Edebiyatımızda ilk edebî topluluktur. </div>
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-<a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/serveti-funun-donemi-hikaye-roman.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Servet-i Fünûn edebiyatı</strong></a>na tepki olarak doğmuştur. </div>
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- "Sanat şahsi ve muhteremdir." (Sanat kişisel ve saygıya değerdir) görüşüne bağlıdırlar. </div>
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- "Edebiyat ciddi ve önemli bir iştir, bunun halka anlatılması lazımdır." görüşüne sahiptirler. </div>
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- Batıdaki benzerleri gibi <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/dil_ve_anlatim_ders_notlari.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">dil</strong></a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">edebiyat</strong></a> ve sanatın gelişmesine, ilerlemesine hizmet etmek; gençleri bir araya getirmek; seviyeli fikir münakaşalarıyla halkı aydınlatmak; değerli ve önemli <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/roman_ozetleri_dunya_edebiyati.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">yabancı eserler</strong></a>i Türkçeye kazandırmak; Batıdaki benzer topuluklarla temas kurmak, böylece <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/Dersnotlari/edebiyat_tarihi.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Türk edebiyatı</strong></a>nı Batı edebiyatına yaklaştırmak, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/bati_edebiyati.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Batı edebiyatı</strong></a>nı Türk edebiyatına tanıtmak amacındadırlar.</div>
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- Servet-i Fünûn'a bir tepki olarak ortaya çıkmasına rağmen, şiir sahasında bu edebiyatın özelliklerini sürdürürler. </div>
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- Şiirlerinde işledikleri başlıca temalar tabiat ve aşktır. </div>
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- Tabiat tasvirleri gerçekten uzak ve subjektiftir. </div>
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- Dil bakımından Servet-i Fünûn'un devamıdır. Arapça ve Farsça kelime ve tamlamalarla dolu, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/gunluk.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">günlük</strong></a> dilden uzak ve kapalı bir şiir dili oluşturmuşlardır.</div>
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- <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/aruz_vezni.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Aruz vezni</strong></a>ni kullanarak <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/nazim_bicimleri.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">serbest müstezat</strong></a> türünü daha da geliştirmişlerdir.</div>
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- Fecr-i Aticiler <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/tiyatro-nedir.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">tiyatro</strong></a> ile yakından ilgilenmişlerdir. </div>
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- Şiirde özellikle <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/sembolizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Sembolizm</strong></a>in etkisi söz konusudur. <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/hikaye.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Hikâye</strong></a>de <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazarlar/maupassant.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Maupassant</strong></a>, tiyatroda ise Henrich İbsen örnek alınır.</div>
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- Belli bir sanat anlayışında, belli değer ölçüleri etrafında birleşmeyi değil, ferdi hürriyeti ve bunun sonucu olarak da çeşitliliği savundukları için kısa sürede dağılmışlardır.</div>
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- Dağılmalarında özellikle <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazarlar/omer_seyfettin.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Ömer Seyfettin</strong></a> ve <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazarlar/ziya_gokalp.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Ziya Gökalp</strong></a>'in çıkardıkları <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/genc-kalemler.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Genç Kalemler</strong></a> dergisi etkilidir. Yani <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/Dersnotlari/milli_edebiyat.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Milli Edebiyat</strong></a> hareketinin başlaması Fecr-i Ati'yi bitirir. </div>
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- Fecr-i Ati, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/serveti_funun_siiri.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Edebiyat-ı Cedide</strong></a> ile Milli Edebiyat arasında bir köprü görevi görür. </div>
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-Fecr-i Ati'nin en önemli temsilcisi <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/ahmet_hasim.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Ahmet Haşim</strong></a>'dir. </div>
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<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">- Fecr-i Ati Beyannamesine imza atanlar:</strong> Ahmet Haşim, Ahmet Samim, Emin Bülent (Serdaroğlu), Emin Lami, Tahsin Nahit, Celal Sahir (Erozan), Doktor Cemil Süleyman, Hamdullah Suphi (Tanrıöver), Refik Halit (Karay), Şahabettin Süleyman, Abdülhak Hayri, İzzet Melih (Devrim), Ali Canip (Yöntem), Ali Süha (Delibaşı), Faik Ali (Ozansoy), Fazıl Ahmet (Aykaç), Mehmet Behçet (Yazar), Mehmet Rüştü, Mehmet Fuat (Köprülü), Müfit Ratib, Yakup Kadri (Karaosmanoğlu), İbrahim Alaattin.</div>
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- Milli Edebiyat'ın başlamasıyla Hamdullah Suphi, Ali Canib ve Celal Sahir'in bu harekete katılmalarıyla topluluk 1912'de dağılmıştır. Yalnızca Ahmet Haşim Fecr-i Ati edebiyatının temel ilkelerine bağlı kalmış ve Milli edebiyat hareketine katılmamıştır.</div>
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- Fecri Ati'nin görüşlerini, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yakup_kadri_karaosmanoglu.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Yakup Kadri</strong></a>, Celal Sahir, Ahmet Haşim, Müfit Ratip,<a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/mehmet_fuat_koprulu.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Mehmet Fuat</strong></a> ve <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/ali_canip_yontem.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Ali Canib</strong></a> Resimli Kitap adlı dergide; <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/mehmet_rauf.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Mehmet Rauf</strong></a>, Hüseyin Suat ve Raif Necdet de <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/elestiri.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">eleştiri</strong></a>lere Servet-i Fünûn'da cevap verdiler.</div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-6895404875870906492017-06-10T08:26:00.000-07:002017-06-17T00:07:37.791-07:00Tanzimat Edebiyatı<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-DBOkADTYNss/WSL-9iZ3yII/AAAAAAAAAR0/mwHLO7k8jP0z8S6wnrYIgIq3X6ShVWzzACLcB/s1600/1319213469_b177988d1ffda8bb929694ce42ee1d59_1122504301.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="464" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-DBOkADTYNss/WSL-9iZ3yII/AAAAAAAAAR0/mwHLO7k8jP0z8S6wnrYIgIq3X6ShVWzzACLcB/s640/1319213469_b177988d1ffda8bb929694ce42ee1d59_1122504301.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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* Tanzimat Fermanının ilanından sonra bu edebiyatın tohumları serpilmeye başlamıştır.<br />
* Batılı tarzda ilk eserler bu dönemde verilmeye başlanmıştır.<br />
* Hak, adalet, özgürlük, vatan kelimeleri bu dönemde ilk defa kullanılmaya başlanmıştır.<br />
* Tanzimat edebiyatı kendi arasında ikiye ayrılır.(Birinci-ikinci dönem)<br />
* Yazı dilini halkın anlayacağı dile yakınlaştırmaya çalışmışlardır.<br />
* Tiyatroyu halkı aydınlatma aracı olarak görmüşlerdir.<br />
* Toplumcu bir çizgi tutmaya çalışmışlardır.<br />
* <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/Dersnotlari/divan_edebiyati.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Divan edebiyatı</a>ndaki "bölüm güzelliğine" karşın "konu bütünlüğüne, güzelliğine" önem vermişlerdir.<br />
* Tanzimat birinci dönem sanatçıları(Şinasi, Namık Kemal, Ziya Paşa, Ahmet Mithat Efendi) ikinci dönem sanatçılarına göre daha halkçı olmuşlardır.</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">BİRİNCİ DÖNEM TANZİMAT EDEBİYATI</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> (1860-1876)</span><br />
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* Divan edebiyatını eleştirmelerine rağmen onun etkisinden kurtulamamışlardır.<br />
* Vatan millet, hak adalet, özgürlük gibi kavramlar ilk defa bu dönemde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır.<br />
* Batılı anlamda ilk esereler bu dönemde verilmeye başlanmıştır.<br />
* Toplumu bilinçlendirmek için edebiyatı bir araç olarak görmüşlerdir.<br />
* Dilin sadeleşmesi gerektiğini söylemişler ancak pek başarılı olamamışlardır bu konuda.<br />
* <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/roman.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Roman</a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/hikaye.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">modern hikâye</a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/tiyatro.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">tiyatro</a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/tanzimat-donemi-gazetecilik.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">gazete</a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/elestiri.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">eleştiri</a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/hatira.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">anı</a> bu dönemde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır.<br />
* Bu dönemin sanatçıları aynı zamanda devlet adamı sıfatı da taşıyorlardı.<br />
* <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/klasizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Klasizim</a> (Şinasi, Ahmet Vefik Paşa) <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/romantizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">romantizm</a> (Namık Kemal, Ahmet Mithat) den etkilenmişlerdir.</div>
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<span class="style47" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Not:</strong></span> <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Sanatçılarla ilgili daha detaylı bilgilere sanatçı ismi üzerinden ulaşabilirsiniz.</strong></div>
<span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">BİRİNCİ DÖNEM TANZİMAT EDEBİYATI SANATÇILARI </span><strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/sinasi.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">ŞİNASİ </a>(1826-1871)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
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* Edebiyatımıza birçok yeniliğin yerleşmesini sağlamıştır.<br />
* Asıl adı İbrahim'dir.<br />
* <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/Dersnotlari/edebiyat_ilkler.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">İlkler</a>in yazarıdır: İlk tiyatro, ilk şiir çevirisi, Batılı anlamda ilk fabl, ilk özel gazete, ilk makale, ilk noktalama işaretini kullanan kişidir.<br />
* Halk için sanat görüşünü benimsemiştir.<br />
* İlk tiyatro eserimizi: ŞAİR EVLENMESİ ni yazdı.<br />
* İlk makaleyi yazdı: TERCÜMAN-I AHVAL MUKADDİMESİ<br />
* İlk özel gazetesi çıkardı: TERCÜMAN- I AHVAL<br />
* <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>: Durub u Emsalı Osmaniyye (<a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/osmanli_donemi_turk_edebiyati.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Osmanlı</a> <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/Atasozu/atasozleri_B.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Atasözleri</a> Kitabı)<br />
Tercüme i Manzume (Çeviriler)<br />
Müntehabat -ı Eşar(şiirleri)<br />
Divan-ı Şinasi<br />
Tasvir i Efkâr</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/namik_kemal.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">NAMIK KEMAL</a> (1840-1888)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
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* Vatan şairimizdir.<br />
* Toplumcu bir sanat çizgisindedir.<br />
* Vatan, millet, özgürlük kelimelerini edebiyatta ilk kullanan kişidir.<br />
* Tiyatroları oldukça ses getirmiştir. Tiyatroyu bir eğlence ve halkı bilinçlendirme aracı olarak görmüştür.<br />
* Romantizmin etkisindedir.<br />
* <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>: <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/Dersnotlari/edebiyat_ilkler.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">ilk</a> tarihi romanımız; CEZMİ<br />
İlk edebi romanımız ;<a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/intibah.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">İNTİBAH</a><br />
<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Tiyatroları :</strong> Vatan yahut Silistre, Zavallı Çocuk, Gülnihal, Kara Bela,Celalettin Harzermşah<br />
<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eleştiri eserleri:</strong> Renan Müdafenamesi, Tahrib-i Harabat (Ziya Paşa'ya karşı)<br />
İrfan Paşa'ya Mektup, Takip<br />
<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Diğer eserleri:</strong> Kanije, Silistre Muhasarası, Osmanlı Tarihi, Büyük İslam Tarihi, Evrak-ı Perişan</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/ziya_pasa.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">ZİYA PAŞA</a> (1825-1880)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
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* İlk edebiyat tarihi taslağı sayılan "<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/harabat-tahribi-harabat.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Harabat</a></strong>"eserini yazmıştır.<br />
* Halk şiirinin ve dilinin gerçek edebiyatımız olduğunu belirten "<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/siir-ve-insa-ziya-pasa.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Şiir ve İnşa</a></strong>"adlı makalesini yazmasına rağmen kendisi böyle davranmamıştır.<br />
* Biçimce eski içerikçe yeni olmaya gayret göstermiştir.<br />
* <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/terkibi_bent.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Terkib-i bent</a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/tercii_bent.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">terci i bent</a>'leri meşhurdur.<br />
* Bir çok dizesi halk arasında <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/Atasozu/atasozleri_B.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">atasözü</a> gibi kullanılmıştır.<br />
* <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>: Zafername, Harabat, Eş'ar-ı Ziya, Defter-i Amal, Terkib-i Bent, Terci-i Bent</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/ahmet_mithat_efendi.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">AHMET MİTHAT EFENDİ </a>(1844-1912)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
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* Halk için roman geleneğini benimsemiştir.<br />
* Halkın anlayacağı bir dilde ve onları ilgilendiren konularda eserler vermiştir.<br />
* İlk hikâye örneklerimizden biri sayılan :"<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Letaif-i Rivayet</strong>"i yazmıştır.<br />
* <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/romantizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Romantizm</a>den etkilenmiştir.<br />
* En üretken yazarımız odur. <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"Yazı makinesi</strong>" olarak da bilinir. 36'sı roman olmak üzere 200'e yakın eseri vardır.<br />
* Eserlerinden bazıları: Hasan Mellah, Hüseyin Fellah, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/felatun-beyle-rakim-efendi.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Felatun Bey ve Rakım Efendi</a>, Yer Yüzünde Bir Melek, Henüz On Yedi Yaşında...</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/semsettin_sami.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">ŞEMSETTİN SAMİ</a> ( 1850-1904 )</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
<div style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Tahoma, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16.5px; padding: 10px;">
* Devrinin en büyük dil bilgini sayılmıştır.<br />
* İlk romanımız olan: <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/taassuku-talat-ve-fitnat.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Taaşşuk-u Talat ve Fitnat</a> adlı eseri yazmıştır.<br />
* Kamus u Türkî adlı sözlüğü yazmış.<br />
* Kamus u Fransevi ve Kamus-ı Alam'ı yazmıştır.</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/ahmet_vefik_pasa.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">AHMET VEFİK PAŞA</a> (1829-1892)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
<div align="justify" style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Tahoma, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16.5px; padding: 10px;">
* Tiyatromuzun en büyük kilometre taşı sayılır.<br />
* Bursa'da kendi adıyla <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/tiyatro-nedir.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">tiyatro</a> kurmuştur.<br />
* Halkın tiyatroyu sevmesi için özellikle <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/fransiz_edebiyati.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Moliere</a>'den çeviriler yapmıştır.<br />
* İnfiali Aşk, Dudu Kuşlar, Zor Nikâh, Zoraki Tabip, Kadınlar Mektebi ,Şecere-i Türk eserlerinden bazılarıdır.</div>
<span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">İKİNCİ DÖNEM TANZİMAT EDEBİYATININ ÖZELLİKLERİ (1876-1895)</span><br />
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* Bireysel konulara dönülmüştür.<br />
* Sanat, sanat içindir, görüşü benimsenmiştir.<br />
* Dil oldukça ağırlaştırılmıştır.<br />
* Tiyatro eserleri oynanmak için değil okunmak için yazılmıştır.<br />
* <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/realizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Realizm</a> ve <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/naturalizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">natüralizm</a> baskın akımlar olarak göze çarpar.<br />
* Gazetecilik, ilk dönemdeki toplumsal etki ve işlevini yitirir. Gazetelerdeki siyasal ve toplumsal içerikli yazılar yerini günlük sıradan olaylara bırakır. Toplumsal makalenin yerini de edebi makale alır.<br />
* Birinci dönemdeki gibi hece denenmekle birlikte aruz yine egemenliğini sürdürmüştür. Birinci dönemde de kullanılan <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/divan-edebiyati-nazim-sekilleri.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Divan edebiyatı nazım biçimleri</a>bırakılmaya başlanmıştır.<br />
* Şiirin konusu genişletilmiş; ölüm, karamsarlık, aşk, felsefi düşünceler tema olarak seçilmiştir. Sanatçılar, "Güzel olan her şey şiirin konusu olabilir." anlayışını savunmuşlardır. Bu dönem şiiri <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/serveti_funun_siiri.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Servet-i Fünun şiiri</a>ne de esin kaynağı olmuştur.<br />
* Roman ve öykü tekniği daha da gelişir. Birinci dönem göre daha nitelikli ürünler vermeye başlamıştır. Betimlemeler ilk döneme göre daha da ölçülüdür. Realizm akımının etkisiyle gözleme önem verilmiş, olay ve kişiler daha gerçekçi anlayışla anlatılmıştır.<br />
* Nabizade Nazım <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/naturalizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">naturalizm</a>den, Recaizade Mahmut Ekrem ve Samipaşazade Sezai realizmden, Abdülhak Hamit Tarhan ise romantizmden etkilenmiştir.<br />
* Tanzimatın ikinci döneminde ürünler veren Muallim Naci <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/divan-divance-divan-edebiyati-nedir.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Divan edebiyatı</a>nın tek savunucusudur.<br />
* Tanzimat'ın ikinci kuşak sanatçıları: Recaizade Mahmut Ekrem, Abdülhak Hamit Tarhan, Samipaşazade Sezai, Nabizade Nazım, Muallim Naci, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/direktor-ali-bey.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Direktör Ali Bey</a> ve Ahmet Cevdet Paşa'dır.</div>
<span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">İKİNCİ DÖNEM TANZİMAT EDEBİYATININ SANATÇILARI </span><strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/recaizade_mahmud_ekrem.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">RECAİZADE MAHMUT EKREM </a>(1847- 1914)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
<div align="justify" style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Tahoma, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16.5px; padding: 10px;">
* İlk realist romanımız olan: <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/araba_sevdasi.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Araba Sevdası</a>'nı yazmıştır.<br />
* <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/tevfik_fikret.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Tevfik Fikret</a>'in akıl hocasıdır.<br />
* Muallim Naci ile uzun yıllar süren "eski-yeni"kavgasında yeniyi savunmuştur.<br />
* "Sanat sanat içindir ve kafiye kulak içindir." görüşünü benimsemiştir.<br />
* Oğlu Nijat Ekrem'in ve diğer iki çocuğununun ölümü onu bireysel ve hüzünlü eserler vermeye zorlamıştır.<br />
* "Her güzel şey şiirin konusudur." diyerek şiirin konu zenginliğine katkı yapmıştır.<br />
* Muallim Naci'nin Demdeme'sine karşılık Zemzeme adlı kitabı yazmıştır.<br />
* <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Tiyatroları</strong>: Afife Anjelik, Çok Bilen Çok Yanılır, Vuslat (Süreksiz Sevinç)<br />
* <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Şiirleri</strong>: Zemzeme, Nağme-i Seher, Tefekkür, Yadigâr-ı Şebap<br />
* <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Romanları</strong>: Araba Sevdası, Muhsin Bey<br />
* <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">İnceleme</strong>: Talim-i Edebiyat adlı eseri onun edebiyata dair görüşleri içeren en önemli eseridir. Takdir-i Elhan <span class="style47" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </strong></span></div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/abdulhak_hamit_tarhan.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">ABDÜLHAK HAMİT TARHAN </a>( 1852-1937)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
<div align="justify" style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Tahoma, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16.5px; padding: 10px;">
* Edebiyatımızın en bireysel şairlerindendir.<br />
* Batılılaşma hareketinin asıl öncüsü olarak kabul gördüğü için kendisine "şairi azam"(büyük şair) lakabı verilmiştir.<br />
* Gözlem ve izlenimleriyle şiir yazmıştır.<br />
* Düşünen adamdan çok yapan adam özelliği taşımaktadır.<br />
* Tiyatroları oynanmaya uygun değildir.(Macera-yı Aşk, Sabru Sebat, içli Kızlar, Finten, Nesteren, Liberte )<br />
* Romantizmin etkisinde, metafizik konuları, ölüm, aşk gibi <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/tema-konu-nedir.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">tema</a>lar içeren eserler vermiştir.<br />
* Makber, Ölü, Bunlar O'dur, Hacle, Garam, İlham-ı Vatan şiir kitaplarıdır.</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/muallim_naci.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">MUALLİM NACİ</a> (1850-1893)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
<div align="justify" style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Tahoma, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16.5px; padding: 10px;">
* Recaizade Mahmut Ekrem'le eski- yeni kavgasında eski'yi savunmuştur.<br />
* Batılı tarzda şiirler de yazmıştır.<br />
* Dili ağırdır ;ancak başarılıdır.<br />
* Eserleri: Ateşpare, Füruzan, Şerare (şiir) Demdeme, Muallim (eleştiri)<br />
Islahat-ı Edebiye (sözlük)</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/nabizade_nazim.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">NABİZADE NAZIM</a> (1862-1893)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
<div style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Tahoma, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16.5px; padding: 10px;">
* İlk köy romanımız kabul edilen: <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/karabibik.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Karabibik</a>'i yazmıştır.<br />
* Realizm, natüralizm'in öncülerinden sayılır.<br />
* İlk psikolojik roman denemesi sayılan: <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/zehra.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Zehra</a>'yı yazmıştır.</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">TANZİMAT EDEBİYATINDA <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/roman.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">ROMAN</a> ve <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/hikaye.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">HİKÂYE</a></strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
<div style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Tahoma, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16.5px; padding: 10px;">
* Bütün eserler teknik açıdan zayıftırlar.<br />
* Duygusal ve acıklı konular işlenmiştir.<br />
* Yazarlar olaylara müdahalede bulunmuştur.<br />
* Eserlerde karakter oluşturulamamıştır. Genellikle ya iyi ya da kötü özellik taşıyan tipler kullanılmıştır.<br />
* İyiler eserlerin sonunda mükâfat alırlar, kötüler de cezalarını alırlar.<br />
* Tanzimat ikinci dönemin sanatçıları birinci döneminkilere göre daha başarılı olmuştur.</div>
<div style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; padding: 10px;">
<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="style47" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Ayrıca bkz.</span> <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/tanzimat_edebiyati_hikaye_roman.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Tanzimat Edebiyatında Hikâye ve Roman</a></strong></div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">TANZİMAT EDEBİYATINDA <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/elestiri.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">ELEŞTİRİ</a></strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
<div style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Tahoma, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16.5px; padding: 10px;">
* Bu dönemde genellikle "eski- yeni"kavgasına dayanan eleştiriler olmuştur.<br />
* Namık Kemal'in Ernest Renan'ı eleştiren Renan Müdafaanamesi bu dönemin önemli eserlerindendir.<br />
* Muallim Naci ile Recaizade Mahmut Ekrem arasındaki Demdeme-Zemzeme tartışması da bu dönemin önemli örneklerindendir.</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">TANZİMAT EDEBİYATINDA <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/tiyatro.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">TİYATRO</a></strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
<div style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Tahoma, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16.5px; padding: 10px;">
* Tiyatro ilk defa bu dönemde görülmeye başlanmıştır.<br />
* İlk tiyatro örneği Şinasi'nin Şair Evlenmesi'dir.<br />
* İlk dönemin sanatçıları tiyatroyu bir eğitim aracı olarak görmüşlerdir.<br />
* İkinci dönemin sanatçıları da tiyatroyu eğlence olarak görmüşler; ancak onların tiyatroları oynanmak için değil okunmak için yazılmışlardır.</div>
Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-58525280811061244912017-06-10T07:21:00.000-07:002017-06-16T23:49:11.122-07:00Leyla ile Mecnun Efsanesi / Türk Efsaneleri<h2 class="title">
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<span style="color: #333333;"><span style="background-color: gold;">Leyla ile Mecnun Efsanesi / Türk Efsaneleri</span></span></center>
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<span style="font-size: 13px; text-align: justify;">Mecnun, bir kabile reisinin dualar ve adaklarla dünyaya gelmiş olan
Kays adlı oğludur. Okulda bir başka kabile reisinin kızı olan Leyla ile
tanışır. Bu iki genç birbirlerine aşık olurlar. Okulda başlayıp gittikçe
alevlenen bu macerayı Leyla‘nın annesi öğrenir. Kızının bu durumuna
kızan annesi, kızına çıkışır ve bir daha okula göndermez. Kays okulda
Leyla‘ yı göremeyince üzüntüden çılgına döner, başını alıp çöllere gider
ve Mecnun diye anılmaya başlar.</span></center>
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Mecnun‘ un babası, oğlunu bu durumdan kurtarmak için Leyla‘yı isterse
de Mecnun (deli, çılgın) oldu diye Leyla’ yı vermezler. Leyla evden
kaçarak, Mecnun‘ u çölde bulur. Halbuki o, çölde âhular, ceylanlar ve
kuşlarla arkadaşlık etmektedir ve mecâzî aşktan ilâhî aşka yükselmiştir.
Bu sebeple Leylâ’ yı tanımaz. Babası Mecnûn’ u iyileşmesi için Kâbe’ ye
yasal kelımeürür. Duâların kabul olduğu bu yerde Mecnûn, kendisindeki
aşkını daha da arttırması için <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/allah-ve-tanri-sozcukleri-uzerine/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="allah ve tanrı">Allah</a>ü Tealâya duâ eder:<br />
“Ya Rab belâ-yı aşk ile kıl âşinâ beni<br />
Bir dem belâ-yı aşkdan etme cüdâ beni.”<br />
Duâsı neticesi aşkı daha da çoğalır ve bütün vaktini çöllerde
geçirmeye başlar. Diğer tarafta ise Leylâ da aşk ıstırabı içindedir.<br />
Bir zaman sonra âilesi, Leylâ’ yı İbn-i Selâm isimli zengin ve
îtibârlı birine verir. Ancak, Leylâ kendisini bir perinin sevdiğini ve
eğer kendisine dokunursa ikisinin de mahvolacağını söyleyerek İbn-i
Selâm’ ı vuslatından uzak tutmayı başarır.<br />
Mecnûn, çölde, Leylâ‘ nın evlendiğini arkadaşı Zeyd’ den işitince çok
üzülür. Leylâ’ ya acı bir sitem mektubu gönderir. Leylâ da durumunu bir
mektupla Mecnûn’ a anlatır. Kendisini anlamadığından dolayı o da sitem
eder.<br />
“Ya Rab manâ cism ü cân gerekmezBir müddet sonra Mecnûn‘ un âhı
tutarak İbn-i Selâm ölür. Leylâ baba evine döner. Bir çok tereddütten
sonra her şeyi göze alarak, Mecnûn’ u çölde aramaya başlar. Fakat
Mecnûn, dünyadan elini eteğini çekmiş ilâhî aşk yüzünden Leylâ’nın maddî
varlığını unutmuştur. Leylâ, çölde Mecnûn’ u bulduğu hâlde, Mecnûn onu
tanımaz. Leylâ onun erdiğini anlarsa da yine onsuz yaşayamaz. Hastalanıp
yataklara düşer. Kısa zaman sonra da ölür. Mecnûn, Leylâ’ nın ölüm
haberini öğrenir. Gelip mezarını kucaklar, ağlayıp inler; <span style="color: white;"><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-efsaneleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="türk efsaneleri"><span style="color: white;">türk efsaneleri</span></a>, <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-destanlari/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="türk destanları"><span style="color: white;">türk destanları</span></a></span><br />
Cânânsuz cihân gerekmez.”<br />
Der, kabri kucaklayarak ölür. Bir müddet sonra Mecnûn‘ un sâdık
arkadaşı Zeyd rüyasında, Cennet bahçelerinde birbiriyle buluşmuş iki
mesut sevgili görür. Bunlar kimdir? diye sorunca, derler ki:<br />
“Bunlar Mecnûn ile onun vefalı sevgilisi Leylâ’ dır. Aşk yoluna girip
temiz öldükleri, aşklarını dünya hevesleriyle kirletmedikleri için
burada buluştular.”<br />
——————<br />
Leyla ile Mecnun’un aşkları bir <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/arap-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="arap alfabesi">Arap</a> <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/efsane-nedir-ozellikleri-tarihsel-gelisimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="efsane türünün özellikleri">efsane</a>sine
dayanmaktadır. Bu efsanede Mecnun mahlasıyla şiirler söyleyen Kays ibni
Mülevvah adlı bir Arap şairiyle Leyli ( Leyla ) adlı bir Arap kızın
arasında geçen ve ayrılıkla sona eren bir aşk serüveni anlatılmaktadır.<br />
Söylentiye göre Kays ile Leyla kardeş çocuklarıdır. Küçük yaşta
birbirlerini severler. Kays’ın Leyla için söylediği şiirler dillerde
dolaşır. Leyla’nın babası, <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/isim-ad/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="isimler, adlar">ad</a>ını <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/dil-nedir-tanimi-anlami-ve-aciklamasi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="dil nedir">dil</a>lere
düşürdüğü için kızının Kays’la evlenmesini önler. Leyla başka biriyle
evlendirilir. Kays çöllere düşer. Mecnun (deli ) diye anılmaya başlar.
Ayrılık acısına dayanamayan Leyla kederinden ölür. Mecnun bunu duyunca
onun mezarının başına koşar ve o da orada can verir. Bu efsane Arap
edebiyatında X. yüzyılda çok yaygın bir hale gelmiş ,Mecnun’a ait olduğu
söylenen şiirlerin arasına nesirler de eklenerek hikaye haline
getirilmiştir. Bu konu daha sonra Fars ve Türk edebiyatlarında da
işlenmiştir.<br />
Bunların arasında en ünlüsü Fuzuli‘nin yapıtıdır ( 1535) Aşağıda
okuyacağınız küçük hikaye Fuzuli`nin Leyla vü Mecnun adlı mesnevisinden
alınmıştır. Kays, bilinen adıyla Mecnun, Leyla`nın aşkından kendisinden
geçip yarı meczup bir halde çölde giderken, namaz kılmakta olan bir
dervişin önünden geçer. Derviş hemen namazını selamlayıp, Mecnun’a
“Namaz kılan birinin önünden geçilmez, bunu <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/bunlari-biliyor-musunuz/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="bunları biliyor musunuz">bilmiyor musun</a>?”
diye çıkışır. Mecnun cevap verir “Ben Leyla’nın aşkından öyle bir hale
geldim ki, senin burada namaz kıldığını görmedim bile, sen nasıl bir
aşkla namaz kılıyorsun da benim senin önünden geçtiğimi görüyorsun?” <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/leyla-ile-mecnun-efsanesi-turk-efsaneleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="leyla ile mecnun efsanesi">Leyla ve Mecnun</a>’un hikayesi <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-adinin-anlami-ve-kokeni/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="türk adı">Türk</a> Halk
edebiyatının da etkilemiş ve Leyla ile Mecnun adıyla bir Karagöz oyunu
haline getirilmiştir. Karagöz oyunlarında işlenen Leyla ile Mecnun <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/hikaye-oyku-turunun-ozellikleri-tarihi-gelisimi-ve-temsilcileri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="hikaye türünün özellikleri">hikaye</a>si ise şöyle : Oyunun başında Leyla ile Mecnun birbirlerine olan sevgilerini şiirlerle dile getirirler.<br />
Aralarında bir gül ağacı vardır. Zebani gelerek gül ağacını alır ve
yerine karaçalı koyar. Karagöz bu karaçalıyı almak isterken zebani
Karagöz‘ü kaldırıp baş aşağı kara çalının üzerine atar. Hacıvat gelerek
Karagöz’e Leyla ile Mecnun’un hikayesini anlatarak, Zebani’nin kara
çalıyı onları ayırmak için koyduğunu söyler. Perdeye içinde Leyla’nın
babası ve annesinin olduğu bir kervan gelir. Hacıvat onlara bir ev
bulur. Daha sonra Mecnun’un babası olan Halepli Haşim gelir. Hacıvat
Leyla’nın anne ve babasının olduğu yere ergeç Mecnun’un da geleceğini
söyler. Mecnun gelip Leyla’ya olan aşkını Hacıvat’a anlatır ve ondan
yardım ister. Bu esnada bir aslan gelip Karagöz’ün köpeğini yutar.
Leyla’nın babası kızını Mecnun’a istemeye gelen Hacıvat’ı kovar.<br />
Hacivat, Karagöz‘ün ninesi olan Cazu’dan yardım ister. Cazu nine
Leyla’nın babasına giderek eğer kızlarını Mecnun’a vermezlerse Leyla’nın
öleceğini söyler. Bunun üzerine Leyla’nın babası kızını Mecnun’a vermek
için üç şart koşar. Birincisi Mecnun çok sevdiği dişi ahuyu
öldürecektir. İkincisi aslan ile boğuşup onu da öldürmesi. Üçüncüsü ise
yedi başlı ejderhayı öldürmesi. Karagöz Mecnun’a bir bıçak verir. Mecnun
kendi isteğiyle ahuyu öldürür. Daha sonra aslan ile ejderhayı da
öldürür ve koşulları yerine getirmiş olur. Zebani iki sevgilinin
kavuşmasını engellemek amacıyla araya yine kara çalı koyarsa da Mecnun
bıçağı ile karaçalıyı kesip atar. Sevgililer birbirlerine kavuşurlar ve
kervanla memleketlerine dönerler…<br />
<strong>LEYLA ve MECNUN</strong><br />
Ey Rabbim! Aşk belasıyla beni tanıştır<br />
Beni bir an bile olsa; aşk belasından ayırma!<br />
Detlilerden yardımını uzak tutma.<br />
Yani beni daha çok belalara müptela eyle!<br />
Ben var oldukça, beladan, isteğimi uzaklaştırma!<br />
Ben belayı isterim, çünkü bela da beni ister.<br />
Sevgi belasıyla ağırbaşlılığımı gevşetme!<br />
Ta ki dostlar beni kınayıp vefasız demesinler!<br />
Gidip geldikçe, sevgilimin güzelliğini arttır,<br />
Sevgilimin derdine beni daha çok mübtela et.<br />
Ben nerede, mevki ve itibar kazanma nerede?<br />
Bana yoksulluk ve yokluk ulaşma kabiliyeti ver<br />
Senden ayrıyken, bedenimi öyle zayıf kıl ki,<br />
Bahar yeli beni sana kavuştursun.<br />
Fuzûlî’ nin nasibi gibi beni gururlandırıp,<br />
Ey Rabbim, asla beni bana bağlı kılma!<br />
Sonunda yar, ağlayıp inlememize acıdı ve<br />
Bugün hüzünler evimize ayak bastı.<br />
Gözyaşı yağmurum, demek, öyle tesir etti ki,<br />
Gül bahçemizde taze bir gül dalı düşürdü.<br />
Ah ateşinin bizi yaktığı,<br />
Ayrılık gecesini aydınlatan meş’ aleden bellidir.<br />
Eğer ağlayan gözümüzde uyku olsaydı,<br />
Bu kavuşma uyku halinde görülen bir rüya demek mümkün olurdu.<br />
Gördüğümüz bir hayal mi?<br />
Yoksa sevgilinin yanımıza geleceği aklımıza bile gelmezdi.<br />
Ey can ve gönül! Sevgili, misafirimiz oldu!<br />
Neyimiz varsa, misafirimizin ayaklarına dökelim.<br />
Ey Fuzûlî! Sevgilinin kasdı, canımızı almakmış.<br />
Gel.. Güzel uğruna can vermeyi kendimize bir borç bilelim.<br />
**<br />
Fuzûli’ nin 1535′ te yazdığı<br />
Leylâ ve Mecnûn adlı mesnevîsi<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
Ayrıca <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/fuzuli-kimdir-hayati-biyografi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="fuzuli">Fuzuli</a>‘nin Leyla ve Mecnun efsanesi hakkında ayrıntılı bilgi edinmek için “<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/leyla-ve-mecnun-mesnevisi-fuzuli/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="leyla ve mecnun, fuzuli">buraya</a>“; efsanedeki söz sanatlarını görebilmek için “<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/leyla-ve-mecnunun-aciklamasi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="leyla ve mecnun açıklama">buraya</a>” dokunabilirsiniz.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/panolarim/T%C3%BCrk+Efsaneleri#.USC71tzY-YE"><span style="color: grey;">|»</span></a> <span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #33cccc; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" style="color: #549cc3;"><span style="color: #33cccc;"><span style="color: silver;">“</span>Türk <span style="color: #ff9900;">Efsaneleri</span><span style="color: silver;">“</span> <span style="color: #99cc00;">sayfasına</span> <span style="color: #ff99cc;">dön</span><span style="color: silver;">!</span></span></a></span><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #33cccc; text-align: justify;"></span><a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/panolarim/T%C3%BCrk+Efsaneleri#.USC6stzY-YE" style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #549cc3; text-align: justify;"> </a><span style="color: grey;">«|</span></div>
</div>
</h2>
Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-53280634705584034842017-06-10T07:16:00.000-07:002017-06-16T23:49:37.557-07:00Ay Atam Efsanesi / Türk Efsaneleri<h2 class="title">
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<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-w_3CzO8SEnw/WSrcPnsqWpI/AAAAAAAAAT0/2AnA6ZiN094j-EZmtoIM8uvnUbGG4-I5ACLcB/s1600/gonuldiliturkce_136109930819.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="336" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-w_3CzO8SEnw/WSrcPnsqWpI/AAAAAAAAAT0/2AnA6ZiN094j-EZmtoIM8uvnUbGG4-I5ACLcB/s400/gonuldiliturkce_136109930819.jpg" width="335" /></a></div>
Ay Atam Efsanesi / Türk Efsaneleri</h2>
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Ay-Atam
Efsanesi, Memlükler döneminde Mısır’da yaşamış olan Türk tarihçisi
Aybek üd Devâdârî tarafından kayda geçirilmiş bir Türk efsanesidir.
Aybek üd Devâdârî’nin verdiği bilgilere göre bu efsaneyi halk dilinden
yazıya aktaran ilk kişi Ulug Han Ata Bitikçi adlı eski bir Türk
bilginidir.<br />
Ulug Han Ata Bitigçi’nin içinde Ay-Atam Efsanesi’nin de yer aldığı bir <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/kitap-telif-ucretleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="kitap telif ücreti">kitabını</a> ele
geçiren Cebrail bin Bahteşyu adlı İranlı bir tarihçi, Ay-Atam
efsanesi’ni Türkçe’den Farça’ya tercüme etmiştir. Bu farça tercümeyi
bulan Aybek üd Devâdârî efsaneyi olduğu gibi kendi kitabına aktarmıştır.<br />
<a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/ay-atam-efsanesi-turk-efsaneleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="ay atam efsanesi">Ay-Atam Efsanesi</a>’nin
konusu insanoğlunun yaratılışıdır. İnsanın yaratılışını dört unsura
(su, ateş, toprak, rüzgar) ve balçığa bağlayan bu efsanede Ön Asya
mitolojisinin etkileri görülür. Kimi Türkologlar, Ulug Han Ata
Bitikçi’nin yeni müslüman olmuş bir <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-adinin-anlami-ve-kokeni/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="türk adı">Türk</a>düşünürü olduğunu düşünmektedirler.<br />
Efsanede geçen ve Kara Dağcı adlı bir dağın üzerinde bulunan Ata
Mağarası motifi, Türk mitolojisinin temel motiflerinden biridir. Bozkurt
Destanı‘nda kurtla yaşayan son Türk çocuğunun kaçıp sığındıkları
Turfan’ın kuzeybatısındaki büyük dağ ve dağdaki mağara da böyle bir
yerdir. <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/ergenekon-destani-turk-destanlari/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="ergenekon destanı">Ergenekon</a>‘da
da durum böyledir. Nitekim Ay-Atam Efsanesi’nde anlatılan mağara da
Kara Dağcı adlı bir dağın üzerinde bulunmaktadır. Büyük Hun ve Kök Türk
devletleri zamanında <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turklerin-ana-yurdu/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="türkler">Türkler</a>’in <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/samanizm-gok-tanri-dini/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="gök tanrı, şamanizm">Tanrı</a>’ya tapınmak için bir tür tapınak olarak kullandıkları ata mağaraları da konu ile ilgili ve önemlidirler. <span style="color: white;"><a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-efsaneleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="türk efsaneleri"><span style="color: white;">türk efsaneleri</span></a>, <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-destanlari/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="türk destanları"><span style="color: white;">türk destanları</span></a></span><br />
İnsanın yaratılışını dört unsur ve balçığa bağlama daha çok Ön Asya mitolojisinin geleneğidir. Ancak, dört unsur inanışı <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/uygur-alfabesi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="uygur alfabesi">Uygur</a> Türkleri’nde de vardır. Ayrıca efsanenin kişi ve yer adlarının <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/oz-turkcelestirme-calismalari/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="öz türkçe">öz Türkçe</a> olması,
Ata Mağarası motifinin efsane de önemli bir yer tutması ve dolayısıyla
Türkler’in ünlü mağara kültünün efsanede yer alması, Ay-Atam
Efsanesi’nin bir <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/turk-efsaneleri/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="türk efsaneleri">Türk efsanesi</a> olduğunu ortaya koyar. Ama efsanenin Ön Asya etkisi taşımasını ve Aybek üd Devâdârî’nin müslüman olması dolayısıyla <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/efsane-nedir-ozellikleri-tarihsel-gelisimi/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="efsane türünün özellikleri">efsanenin</a> bazı bölümlerini kırpmış ya da müslümanlaştırmış olması ihtimalini göz önünde tutarak efsaneyi incelemek gerekir.<br />
Çok çok eski çağlarda…<strong>Ay-Atam Efsanesi özetle şöyledir</strong>:<br />
Çok yağmurlar yağdı. <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/gok-tanri-dini-nedir-samanizm/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="gök tanrı">Gök</a> delinmiş
gibiydi. Dünya sele boğuldu, her yanı çamurlar kapladı. Çamurlar akan
selle yuvarlanarak Kara Dağ’daki bir mağaraya doldular. Mağaranın
içindeki kayalar yarıldı. Yarıkların kimileri insanı andırıyordu.
Sürüklenen çamurlar bu insan biçimli yarıkları doldurdular.<br />
Aradan çok zaman geçti….<br />
Yarıklardaki balçıklar sular ile benzeşti, hâllodu. Güneş Saratan
burcuna gedi ve havalar çok ısındı. Yarıklardaki balçık sular ile pişti.
Yarıkların bulunduğu bu mağara tıpkı bir kadın gibiydi. İçi de
insanlara can veren bir kadın karnı gibiydi.<br />
Dokuz ay durmadan yel esti….<br />
Su, ateş, toprak ve yel, insana can vermak için birleştiler. Dokuz ay sonra bir insan çıktı ortaya. Adına Ay-Atam dediler.<br />
Ay-Atam, gökten indi yere kondu. Bu yerin suyu tatlı, havası da serindi.<br />
Sonra yine yağmurlar, seller başladı. Mağara yeniden çamurla doldu.
Güneş bu kez Sünbüle burcunda durdu. Sünbüle burcundaki güneşin
sıcaklığı ile balçıklar sular ile pişti. Bu kez bir hatun kişi çıktı
ortaya. Adına Ay-Va dediler.<br />
Ay-Atam ile Ay-Va evlendiler. Kırk çocukları oldu. Bunların yarısı
erkek, yarısı da kızdı. Onlar da evlendiler; soyları çoğaldı.<br />
Bir zaman geldi Ay-Atam ile Ay-Va Hatun’un ömürleri doldu; öldüler.
Çocukları, ana-babalarını türedikleri mağaraya gömdüler. Mağaranın
kapısını <a href="http://www.cokbilgi.com/yazi/altin-yatirimi-yapmak/" style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;" title="altın almak">altın</a> kapılar ile kapattılar, dört bir yanını çiçekle süslediler.<br />
<a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/panolarim/T%C3%BCrk+Efsaneleri#.USC6stzY-YE"><span style="color: grey;">|»</span> </a><span style="color: #33cccc;"><a href="http://gonuldiliturkce.blogcu.com/panolarim/T%C3%BCrk+Efsaneleri#.USC6stzY-YE"><span style="color: #33cccc;"><span style="color: silver;">“</span>Türk <span style="color: #ff9900;">Efsaneleri</span><span style="color: silver;">“</span> <span style="color: #99cc00;">sayfasına</span> <span style="color: #ff99cc;">dön</span><span style="color: silver;">!</span></span></a></span> <span style="color: grey;">«|</span></div>
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Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-27409007920927110382017-04-26T08:34:00.005-07:002017-06-17T00:12:44.542-07:00Servet-i Fünûn Edebiyatı<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">EDEBİYATI CEDİDE (YENİ EDEBİYAT)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
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* Şiirde <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/parnasizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">parnasizm</a> ve <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/sembolizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">sembolizm</a>den etkilenmişlerdir.</div>
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<div class="style35 style39" style="background-color: #fafafa; border: 1px solid rgb(242, 242, 242); color: #ff6600; font-family: Verdana, Tahoma, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16.5px; margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 20px; padding: 5px;">
<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">SERVET-İ FUNUN EDEBİYATININ SANATÇILARI</strong></div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/tevfik_fikret.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">TEVFİK FİKRET</a>(1867-1915)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
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* Kendi akımının ve <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/Dersnotlari/edebiyat_tarihi.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Türk edebiyatı</strong></a>nın en önemli şairlerindendir.<br />
* <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/aruz_vezni.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Aruz ölçüsü</strong></a>nü Türkçeye başarıyla uygulamıştır.<br />
* Fen, bilim, teknik onun kalemiyle şiirimize girmiştir.<br />
* <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/parnasizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Parnasizm</strong></a> akımından etkilenmiştir.<br />
* Şiiri düz yazıya yaklaştırmıştır.<br />
* Şermin adlı eserinde <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/hece_olcusu.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">hece ölçüsü</strong></a>nü kullanmıştır.<br />
* Servet-i Funun'dan sonra herhangi bir topluluğa katılmamış, bazı sosyal şiirler yazmıştır.<br />
* Türk edebiyatında ilk defa İstanbul'u eleştiren şair olmuştur.(Sis şiiri)<br />
* <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/mehmet_akif_ersoy.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Mehmet Akif</strong></a> ile atışmışlardır. Oğlu Amerika'ya okumak için gider; ancak papaz olur.<br />
* <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>: Rubab-ı Şikeste, Haluk'un Defteri, Rubab-ın Cevabı, Tarih-i Kadim, Doksan Beşe Doğru, Şermin</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/halit_ziya_usakligil.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">HALİT ZİYA UŞAKLIGİL</a> (1866-1945)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
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* Birçok edebi türde eser vermesine rağmen asıl ününü <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/roman.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">roman</strong></a>larda bulmuştur.<br />
* Sanatlı bir söyleyişi, iyi bir gözlemciliği vardır.<br />
*Romanlarında üst tabakanın hayat özelliklerini işlemesine rağmen <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/hikaye.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">hikâye</strong></a>lerinde sıradan insanları işlemiştir.<br />
* <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/realizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Realizm</strong></a> ve <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/naturalizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">natüralizm</strong></a>i benimsemiştir.<br />
* Eserleri teknik açıdan kuvvetlidir, bu yönüyle romancılığımızın üstadı sayılır.<br />
* Şiirleri düz yazıya oldukça yakındır.<br />
* <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>: <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/aski_memnu.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Aşk-Memnu</a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/mai-ve-siyah.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Mai ve Siyah</a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/kirik-hayatlar.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Kırık Hayatlar</a>, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/bir_olunun_defteri.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Bir Ölünün Defteri</a>, Aşka Dair, Kâbus...</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/cenap_sehabettin.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">CENAP ŞAHABETTİN</a> (1870-1934)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
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* Sanat, sanat içindir görüşünü benimsemiştir.<br />
* Halk arasında birçok dizesi <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/Atasozu/atasozleri_A.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">atasözü</strong></a> gibi kullanılmaktadır.<br />
* Dilini süslemiş, kelime oyunları bol, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/soz_sanatlari/soz_sanatlari.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">söz sanatları</strong></a> oldukça fazla kullanmıştır.<br />
* Şaire göre "şiir kelimelerle resim yapma işidir."<br />
* <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>: Hac Yolunda, Evrak-ı Eyyam, Tamat, Nesr-i Harp, Nesr-i Sulh, Afak-ı Irak Tiryaki Sözleri.</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/mehmet_rauf.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">MEHMET RAUF </a>(1876-1931)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
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* İlk psikolojik <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/roman.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">roman</strong></a>ımız olan "<a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/eylul.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">EYLÜL</a>"ü yazmıştır.<br />
* Çok fazla bir edebi kimliği yoktur.<br />
* Halit Ziya'nın etkisinde kalmıştır.</div>
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<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">SERVET-İ FUNUN DÖNEMİNİN BAĞIMSIZ İSİMLERİ</strong></div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/mehmet_akif_ersoy.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">MEHMET AKİF ERSOY</a>(1873-1936)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
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* Sanatı toplum için kullanmıştır.<br />
* Mücadeleci fikir adamıdır.<br />
* Hayatı, olduğu gibi edebiyata yansıtmıştır.<br />
* Aruzu başarıyla kullanmıştır.<br />
* <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/Dersnotlari/siirbilgisi.htm" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Epik -lirik şiir</strong></a>i ustaca kullanmıştır.<br />
* İslam birliği (ümmet bilinci) ni yerleştirmek için uğraşmıştır.<br />
* Tek eseri "<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/safahat.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">SAFAHAT</a></strong>"tır.</div>
<strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/huseyin_rahmi_gurpinar.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">HÜSEYİN RAHMİ GÜRPINAR</a>(1864-1944)</strong><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><br />
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* <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/realizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Realist</strong></a>-<a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/edebiyat_akimlari/naturalizm.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">natüralist</strong></a> bir yazardır.<br />
* Toplum için sanat görüşündedir.<br />
* Hemen her şey onun eserlerine konu olmuştur.<br />
* Mizaha, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/gunluk.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">günlük</strong></a> konuşmalara çok sık başvurmuştur.<br />
* Ona göre <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/yazi_turleri/roman.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">roman</strong></a> sokağın aynasıdır.<br />
* Yabancı hayranlığı, mürebbiye takıntısını, kadın dedikodularını eserlerinde sıkça işlemiştir.<br />
* Eserleri İstanbul merkezlidir. Anadolu yoktur.<br />
* <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Eserleri</strong>: Şık, Mürebbiye, İffet, Şıpsevdi, Gulyabani, <a href="http://www.turkceciler.com/kitap_ozetleri/kuyruklu-yildiz-altinda-bir-izdivac.html" style="background: inherit; color: #0066cc; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;">Kuyruklu Yıldız Altında Bir İzdivaç</a>, Ben Deli Miyim? Nimetşinas</div>
Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-42723564829281040292017-04-26T08:22:00.002-07:002017-06-17T00:13:09.469-07:00Halk Edebiyatı<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Kaynağını geleneklerden, halkın kültüründen alan bir edebiyattır. Halk Edebiyatı, İslamiyet öncesi sözlü edebiyatın uzantısıdır. Halkın yarattığı sözlü eserlerden oluşur. Dil, biçim, konular, duyarlıklar bakımından halk kültürüne sıkı sıkıya bağlıdır.
Halk Edebiyatı; edebî zevk, düşünce ve anlatım gücüne ulaşmış âşık ve tekke tarzı sahibi belli eserlerle, malzemesi dile dayalıdestan, efsane, halk şiiri, mani,ağıt, türkü, bilmece, masal, halk hikâyesi, fıkra, atasözü, deyimler, tekerlemeler gibi sözlü gelenekte yaşayıp kuşaktan kuşağa aktarılan anonim ürünlerden oluşur.
Halk Edebiyatı kavramı içinde toplanan bu türlerin bir bölümü günümüzde de bazı bölgelerde dinamik olarak yaşamaktadır.
Doğu Anadolu bölgesinde canlı olarak devam eden Âşıklık geleneği, kahvelerde, düğünlerde, bayramlarda, sohbetleri zenginleştirirken, aynı zamanda dinleyenleri düşündürmekte ve eğlendirmektedir.
Nasrettin Hoca, Bektaşî, Laz ve benzeri tipler etrafında teşekkül etmiş ve etmekte olan fıkralar güldürürken düşündürmekte toplumu ve kişileri eleştirirken anlatanı ve dinleyenleri daha iyiye, daha güzele yöneltmektedir.
Bilmeceler yetişen genç nesillerin zihin gelişimine yardımcı olmaktadır.
Atasözleri ve deyimler eski nesillerin tecrübelerini ve tavsiyelerini yeni nesillere aktarmaktadırlar.
Millet hayatındaki, savaşlar, göçler, destanlarda anlatılmış, ölenlerin ardından yakılan ağıtlar ve her konuyu işleyen türküler kederi, neşeyi ve sevgiyi yansıtmaktadır.
Dini yaşayıştaki heyecan ve vecd ilâhîlerle anlatılmış, âşıklar Türk dilinin anlatım gücünü, inceliğini musiki ile dile getirerek yüzyıllarca yaşatmışlardır.<br />
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HALK EDEBİYATI'NIN GENEL ÖZELLİKLERİ
Dil ve anlatımda süslü söyleyişe yöneliş yoktur. Genellikle yalın anlatım kullanılır.
Söylendikleri, yaşatıldıkları devir ve çevrenin yaygın Türkçesi kullanılmıştır.
Halkın içinden doğan eserler, konu, tema ve duyarlık bakımından halkın hayatına sıkı sıkıya bağlıdır.
Şairler, genellikle okumamış kişilerdir.
Aşk, doğa, ayrılık, özlem, ölüm, din, tasavvuf konularının yanı sıra toplum hayatını ilgilendiren sorunlara da sık sık eğilen şairler, bunlarla ilgili eleştiriler getirirler. Daha çok somut konular işlenir. Biçimden çok konuya ağırlık verilmiştir.
Âşık edebiyatı şiir ağırlıklı bir edebiyattır.
Âşık veya saz şairi denilen sanatçılar tarafından daima müzik eşliğinde söylenir. Şair şiirlerini saz eşliğinde, belli bir ezgi ile söyler.
Âşıklar, bu edebiyatın mensur kısmını oluşturan halk hikâyelerinin oluşumu, gelişimi ve aktarılmasında da önemli rol oynarlar.
Şiirde nazım birimi dörtlüktür. Yaygın olarak hece ölçüsükullanılmıştır. Hecenin en çok 7'li, 8'li ve 11'li kalıpları kullanılmıştır. Fakat şehirde yaşamış, medrese eğitimi almış bazı ozanlar aruzu da kullanmışlardır.
Şiirler işledikleri konuya göre güzelleme, koçaklama, ağıt ve taşlama, ilahi. gibi adlar almışlardır.
Koşma, türkü, mani, destan, semâî. gibi değişik nazım şekilleri kullanılmıştır.
Âşık edebiyatı doğaçlamaya (irtical) dayanır. Âşıklar, eserlerini bir ön hazırlık olmaksızın, doğrudan sözlü olarak meydana getirirler. Bu yüzden şiirlerde derin bir anlam, kusursuz bir biçim görülmez.
Dinî-tasavvufî edebiyatın etkisinde kalmıştır.
Halk deyimlerine ve güzel halk söyleyişlerine yer verilir.
Azda olsa benzetmelerden faydalanılmıştır. (Boy serviye, yüz aya, kaş kaleme, diş inciye, yanak güle)
Şiirlerin başlığı yoktur, Nazım şekilleri ile adlandırılır.
Genellikle yarım kafiye kullanılır. Daha çok redifle ahenk sağlanır. Kafiyenin yanı sıra "ayak" da söz konusudur.
Konu, şekil ve dil bakımından dış tesirlerden uzaktır.
Nesir alanında da eserler verilmiştir. Nesir halk edebiyatında nazma göre çok çok önemsiz kalmıştır. Çünkü duygu ve düşüncelerin kalıcılığı şiirle daha kolay sağlanmaktadır.
Nesir örnekleri arasında halk masalları, halk hikâyeleri, efsaneler, atasözleri, deyimler, halk tiyatrosu, bilmeceler, fıkralar sayılabilir.
Bunlardan en yaygınları -tür olarak- masallar, hikâyeler ve efsanelerdir.
Atasözü, bilmece ve deyimler zaten -halkın ürünü olmakla beraber- her alanda herkes tarafından kullanılmaktadır.
Halk edebiyatı gözleme dayalıdır. Benzetmeler somut kavramlardan yararlanılarak yapılır. Söyledikleri her şey gerçek yaşamdan alınmadır.
Özellikle 18. yüzyıldan itibaren halk şairleri, divan şairlerinden etkilenerek aruzun belirli kalıplarıyla şiirler yazmayı denemişlerdir. Hatta divan şiirinin mazmunlarını da kullanmışlardır. Bu durumun ortaya çıkmasında halk şairlerinin, aydınlar ve divan şairlerince hor görülmelerinin, değersiz ve güçsüz sayılmalarının etkisi de vardır.
Halk edebiyatı, ortaya konan ürünlerin gösterdiği biçim ve içerik özelliklerine göre üç bölüme ayrılır:<br />
a) Anonim (Ortak) Halk edebiyatı<br />
b) Âşık Edebiyatı (Saz Şiiri)<br />
c) Tekke (Tasavvuf) Edebiyatı
Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3437559245803575150.post-48226446736001687322017-04-26T08:20:00.000-07:002017-06-17T00:11:53.957-07:00Divan Edebiyatı<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "open sans"; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
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Klasik edebiyat, yüksek zümre edebiyatı olarak da bilinen Divan edebiyatı, Türklerin 13. ve 19. yüzyıllar arasında Anadolu’da oluşturdukları İslam kültürünün ortak özelliklerini yansıtan, geniş ölçüde Arap ve Fars edebiyatlarının etkisini taşıyan bir dönemdir. Şairler, eserlerini “Divan” adı verilen kitapta topladıkları için bu ismi almıştır. Divan şairleri, Arap ve İran edebiyatından aldıkları nazım biçimlerini kendi duyuş ve düşünüşlerine göre kullanmışlardır.</div>
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Divan edebiyatı, Türklerin İslam dinini kabul etmelerinden sonra oluşmuş bir edebiyattır. Bundan dolayı din, Allah, peygamber, tasavvuf vb. konular bu edebiyatta önemli bir yer tutar. Divan şairleri, çoğunlukla medrese kültürüyle yetişmiştir. Divan şairlerinin işlediği en önemli konuların başında aşk gelir. Şiirlerde çoğunlukla ‘Allah aşkı. peygamber aşkı” işlenmiştir. Divan şiirinde bir kişiye duyulan ve mecazi aşk olarak nitelenen aşk da ele alınır. Ancak mecazi aşk da çoğunlukla Allah aşkına (ilahi aşk) dönüşür.</div>
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Divan edebiyatında şiire, düzyazıdan daha çok önem verilmiştir. Ancak bu, divan edebiyatında nesir olmadığı anlamına gelmemelidir. Çünkü divan edebiyatında nesir alanında da eserler verilmiştir.</div>
Yunus Yeniçerihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705638122752101723noreply@blogger.com